CN108572255B - 检测pd-l1+循环肿瘤细胞的试剂在筛选癌症风险个体以及在癌症患者预后中的应用 - Google Patents
检测pd-l1+循环肿瘤细胞的试剂在筛选癌症风险个体以及在癌症患者预后中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了检测PD‑L1+循环肿瘤细胞的试剂在制备筛选处于发生复发性或转移性癌症风险中的个体的试剂或试剂盒中的应用。本发明还公开了检测PD‑L1+循环肿瘤细胞的试剂在制备预测癌症患者的预后的试剂或试剂盒中的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及检测PD-L1+循环肿瘤细胞的试剂在制备筛选处于发生复发性或转移性癌症风险中的个体的试剂或试剂盒中的应用。本发明还涉及检测PD-L1+循环肿瘤细胞的试剂在制备预测癌症患者的预后的试剂或试剂盒中的应用。
背景技术
循环肿瘤细胞(CTCs)在循环中的存在,在调节癌症转移中扮演主动的角色。循环肿瘤细胞的计数被报导可用于预测转移性大肠直肠癌(mCRC)患者的预后[2]。在大多数过去的研究中,循环肿瘤细胞数量是计数自前臂静脉穿刺抽取的血液[3,4]。有报导指出,Nivolumab(PD-1抑制剂)治疗6个月后,在非小细胞肺癌患者中表达PD-L1的循环肿瘤细胞的存在与治疗逃逸或不良预后之间具有对应关系[5]。
迄今为止,还没有用于早期检测或诊断转移癌症的有潜力的方法或试剂盒。
发明内容
本发明是基于以下意外的发现:表达PD-L1的循环肿瘤细胞(称为"PD-L1+循环肿瘤细胞")的存在/存在量与胃肠癌或头颈部鳞状细胞癌患者的癌症转移或预后具有关联性。
因此,在一方面,本发明提供一种用于鉴别处于发生复发性或转移性癌症风险中的个体的方法,包含检测该个体的一血液样本、一组织液样本或一试样中的PD-L1+循环肿瘤细胞,其中一或多个PD-L1+循环肿瘤细胞的存在表示该个体处于发生复发性或转移性癌症的风险中,且其中该个体患有胃肠癌或头颈部鳞状细胞癌,该血液样本、该组织液样本或该试样是在该个体接受针对该胃肠癌或头颈部鳞状细胞癌的一治疗之前或一治愈性切除手术之中自该个体取得。
在本发明的一具体实施例中,该癌症为一胃肠癌,尤其是大肠直肠癌。在另一具体实施例中,该癌症为头颈部鳞状细胞癌。
另一方面,本发明提供一种用于预测胃肠癌或头颈部鳞状细胞癌症患者的预后的方法,包含检测该患者的一血液样本、一组织液样本或一试样中的PD-L1+循环肿瘤细胞,其中一或多个PD-L1+循环肿瘤细胞的存在表示该患者的预后不良,且其中该血液样本、该组织液样本或该试样是在该个体接受针对该胃肠癌或头颈部鳞状细胞癌的一治疗之前或一治愈性切除手术之中自该个体取得。
根据本发明的部分较佳具体实施例,该治疗为一免疫疗法。在一些其他具体实施例中,对该个体投予一免疫疗法,结合一化学治疗或标靶治疗。
根据本发明的部分具体实施例,该癌症为一复发性或转移性癌症。
本发明的一具体实施例中,该癌症为一胃肠癌,尤其是大肠直肠癌。在另一具体实施例中,该癌症为头颈部鳞状细胞癌。
应了解先前的一般描述及以下的详述两者皆仅为示例性及解释性且并不限制本发明。
附图说明
本发明先前的概述以及以下详述在配合随附图式阅读时得以更佳地被了解。为说明本发明,在图式中显示目前较佳的具体实施例。
在图式中:
图1显示用于通过MiSelect R系统来计数的循环肿瘤细胞的样本制备。
图2显示典型的循环肿瘤细胞影像。
图3显示循环肿瘤细胞在周边血及肠系膜静脉血计数的比较。
图4A显示在不同分期的大肠直肠癌患者的周边血中循环肿瘤细胞的计数。
图4B显示不同分期的大肠直肠癌患者的肠系膜静脉血中循环肿瘤细胞的计数。
图5显示PD-L1在循环肿瘤细胞上表现的异质性。
图6显示PD-L1+在周边血及肠系膜静脉血中循环肿瘤细胞的计数。
图7显示PD-L1+在不同分期的肠系膜静脉血中循环肿瘤细胞的计数。
图8显示PD-L1+在不同分期的循环肿瘤细胞的出现频率。
图9显示PD-L1在循环肿瘤细胞上表现的异质性。
具体实施方式
在一方面,本发明提供一种用于鉴别处于发生复发性或转移性癌症风险中的个体的方法,包含检测该个体的一血液样本、一组织液样本或一试样(specimen)中的PD-L1+循环肿瘤细胞(circulating tumor cells,CTC),其中一或多个PD-L1+循环肿瘤细胞的存在表示该个体处于发生复发性或转移性癌症的风险中,且其中该个体患有胃肠癌(gastrointestinal cancer)或头颈部鳞状细胞癌(head and neck squamous-cellcarcinoma),该血液样本、该组织液样本或该试样是在该个体接受针对该胃肠癌或头颈部鳞状细胞癌的一治疗之前或一治愈性切除手术之中自该个体取得。
换言之,本发明亦提供检测PD-L1+循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)的试剂在制备筛选处于发生复发性或转移性癌症风险中的个体的试剂或试剂盒中的应用。所述检测PD-L1+CTC的试剂可用于检测该个体的一血液样本、一组织液样本或一试样中的PD-L1+CTC,其中,该血液样本、该组织液样本或该试样是在该个体接受针对该胃肠癌或头颈部鳞状细胞癌的一治疗之前或一治愈性切除手术之中自该个体取得。
所述检测PD-L1+CTC的试剂包括但不限于可检测PD-L1+CTC的抗体。
在本发明的一具体实施例中,该癌症为一胃肠癌,尤其是大肠直肠癌(colorectalcancer)。
在另一具体实施例中,该癌症为头颈部鳞状细胞癌。
另一方面,本发明提供一种用于预测胃肠癌或头颈部鳞状细胞癌症患者的预后的方法,包含检测该患者的一血液样本、一组织液样本或一试样中的PD-L1+循环肿瘤细胞,其中一或多个PD-L1+循环肿瘤细胞的存在表示该患者的预后不良,且其中该血液样本、该组织液样本或该试样是在该患者接受针对该胃肠癌或头颈部鳞状细胞癌的一治疗之前或一治愈性切除手术之中自该患者取得。
换言之,本发明亦提供检测PD-L1+循环肿瘤细胞的试剂在制备预测患有胃肠癌或头颈部鳞状细胞癌的患者的预后的试剂或试剂盒中的应用。所述检测PD-L1+循环肿瘤细胞的试剂可用于检测该患者的一血液样本、一组织液样本或一试样中的PD-L1+循环肿瘤细胞。其中,该血液样本、该组织液样本或该试样是在该患者接受针对该胃肠癌或头颈部鳞状细胞癌的一治疗之前或一治愈性切除手术之中自该患者取得。
所述检测PD-L1+CTC的试剂包括但不限于可检测PD-L1+CTC的抗体。
根据本发明的部分具体实施例,该癌症为一复发性或转移性癌症。
在本发明的一具体实施例中,该癌症为一胃肠癌,尤其是大肠直肠癌。针对胃肠癌,所述血液样本优选为肠系膜静脉血液(mesenteric venous blood)样本,其可在针对该胃肠癌的治愈性切除手术之中取得。
在另一具体实施例,该癌症为头颈部鳞状细胞癌。
在本发明的部分具体实施例中,该癌症为一胃肠癌,包括但不限于食道癌、胃癌、胃肠道间质瘤、胰腺癌、肝癌、胆囊癌、大肠直肠癌及肛门癌。在本发明的一特定具体实例中,该癌症为大肠直肠癌。
在本发明的一些其他具体实施例中,该癌症为头颈部鳞状细胞癌。
本发明通过以下实例进一步说明,其提供作为例示之用而非限制本发明。
实施例
材料与方法
1.患者的特征
受试的患者包括2016年4月至2017年9月在台北荣民总医院接受了治愈性手术切除的116名患者,以及2016年10月至2017年9月在台北荣民总医院接受免疫治疗的26名头颈部鳞状细胞癌患者,9名肝癌患者,5名子宫颈癌患者和2名肾脏恶性肿瘤患者。招收程序依照台北荣民总医院内部审查委员会批准的流程。所有患者均提供书面知情同意书。在大肠镜检查之前或怀疑患有未经证实的临床分期的大肠直肠癌(CRC)的患者被招募。还招收6名患有经组织学诊断的管状腺瘤的患者。受试患者的平均年龄(±SD)为63.6±12.5岁(中位数64)(见下表1)。原发肿瘤分期通过切除的原发肿瘤的组织学检查证实。根据组织学检查,受试者由116位大肠直肠癌患者组成(I期24例,II期38例,III期42例,IV期12例)。
表1:研究族群的临床病理特征
2.血液样本收集
在肿瘤根治性切除之前从大肠直肠癌患者获得用于循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)分析的血液样本。在手术前从大肠直肠癌患者的肘静脉取血。在手术期间,从结肠病变节段的主要引流静脉(例如,大肠或直肠的肠系膜下静脉或如果肿瘤位于右侧直肠的回结肠静脉)抽取肠系膜静脉血液样本。为了尽量减少通过机械性操作释放CTC的可能性,大肠镜检查安排在术前至少1天。手术方法首先寻找血管控制,亦即,开始时结扎供血动脉,然后进行肠系膜静脉插管和采血。直到手术的后期才去碰触肿瘤。从116位患者获得用于CTC分析的周边血(PB)和肠系膜静脉血(MVB)样本。亦从其他癌症患者,在给药前,获得用于CTC分析的血液样本。
3.CTC计数及PD-L1在CTC上的表现的测试
样本制备如图1所示。将二等份4毫升的血液自K2EDTA管转移到两个相应标记的50ml锥形离心管中。样本与SelectKit的分选试剂(PE-共轭的抗EpCAM抗体)在室温下培养20分钟。染色后,将各4毫升血液分为2毫升的二等份至两个相应标记的50ml锥形离心管中,向每个试管中加入24毫升ISOTON稀释剂。关闭制动器,在室温下使用摇摆式离心机在800xg离心样本10分钟。离心后,每管去除24毫升的上清液,回收2毫升的二等份得4毫升的等份,混合样本后,用于CTC分析。样本制备的1小时内在MiSelect R系统上进行分析。
具有SelectChip Dual的MiSelect R系统(MiCareo台湾有限公司)能够分选和富集CTC。一旦含有CTCs的等分试样已经被收集在Selectchip中,则通过芯片上的过滤系统从CTCs中除去血细胞,特别是RBC。在富集CTCs后,自动添加SelectKit的固色和染色试剂以鉴定和计数CTCs。抗panCK APC特异性靶向胞内蛋白细胞角蛋白(cytokeratin),DAPI染色细胞核,抗CD45 FITC对白细胞具有特异性。当一事件的形态特征与肿瘤细胞的形态特征一致时,事件被分类为肿瘤细胞,并且其表现出表型EpCAM+,CK+,DAPI+和CD45-。
CTC的数目由实验者统计和分析并直接记录。为了进一步对CTCs进行免疫染色,抗PD-L1自动注入SelectChip,用以在MiSelect R系统上标记CTCs。取得CTC上每个生物标志物的荧光图像并记录生物标志物的强度以供进一步分析。
4.统计分析
所有数据用SPSS软件(v19.0)和GraphPad Prism(v5.0)进行统计分析。连续变量的分布被描述为中值和范围。进行曼恩-惠尼U检验(Mann-Whitney U test)和魏克森符号等级检验(Wilcoxon-signed ranks test)以适当评估组间差异。所有的P值都是双边的。P值小于0.05表示统计上具有显著性。
结果
1.CTC在PB及MVB中的量
CTC被定义为具有完整细胞核、表达EpCAM和细胞角蛋白、但无CD45表达的细胞。典型的CTC影像显示在图2中。即使在相同的CRC患者内,EpCAM表达显示出在CTCs之间的异质性。在PB中几乎没有发现CTCs(平均每8ml全血0.17±0.89;范围=0-8,n=116),但在MVB较多(平均每8ml全血7.1±48.1;范围=0-515,n=116)(图3;P<0.001)。
2.CTC数目的分布及检测率
CRC患者的循环肿瘤细胞计数呈现于下表2和图4A和图4B)中。PB中,CTC数目在非转移性CRC中为0-8,转移性CRC中为0-4;在MVB中,CTC数目在非转移性CRC中为0-515,在转移性CRC中为0-20。PB和MVB中CTC的总体检测率分别为6%和40.5%。在每个亚组内,检出率随着亚组病情的严重程度而增加。在MVB中,I,II,III和IV期的CTC检测率分别为20.8%,42.1%,45.2%和58.3%。此外,CTC的数目在晚期比早期阶段明显更丰富(图4A和图4B)。
表2:CTC在不同分期的PB及MVB中的计数
3.CTC数目与临床病理特征的关系
我们研究了CTC数目(存在或不存在)与各种临床和病理参数之间的双变量关系。结果显示在下表3中。临床分期(TNM)与MVB中的CTC数目(表2)和术前血清CEA水平和肿瘤侵入深度(pT)正相关,与MVB中的CTC量正相关。在CTC数目和存在与肝脏或肺部转移、原发性CRC分化、组织学、淋巴结状态(N),淋巴/静脉侵入/神经周围浸润、癌周围炎性变化、癌组织浸润模式和术前血清CA-19-9水平之间没有发现关联性。
表3:临床病理参数与循环肿瘤细胞现状的相关性
4.CRC患者中CTC上的PD-L1生物标志物评估
检测从PB及MVB分离的CTCs的PD-L1蛋白表达。分离的CTCs的PD-L1生物标记物表达在患者之间和同一血样内显示出异质性(图5)。在8位患者PB中可检测的CTC上评估PD-L1的状态(见下表4)。在47位患者MVB中可检测循的CTC上评估PD-L1状态。在这47位患者中,31位(65.9%)显示PD-L1+CTCs亚群(参见图6和下表5)。PD-L1+CTCs的数量从1到33变化(中值=3),。PD-L1+CTCs的比例在可检测的CTCs总数的16-100%范围内。随着分期的增加,。PD-L1+CTCs的数目逐渐增加(图7),而CTCs中PD-L1+CTCs的频率也随着分期增加而增加(图8)。
表4:PD-L1+CTCs在不同分期PB中的数目
| 患者号码 | 分期 | CTC数目 | PD-L1+CTC数目 |
| 0031 | I | 1 | 0 |
| 0009 | II | 1 | 0 |
| 0078 | II | 1 | 0 |
| 0090 | II | 2 | 1 |
| 0113 | II | 3 | 0 |
| 0057 | III | 1 | 0 |
| 0004 | IV | 1 | 0 |
| 0075 | IV | 4 | 3 |
表5:PL-D1+CTC在不同分期MVB中的数目
5.CRC患者的PD-L1+CTC数目与临床病理特征的关系
我们研究了PD-L1+CTC数目(存在或不存在)与各种临床和病理参数之间的双变量关系。结果显示在下表6和表7中。临床分期(TNM)与MVB中的PD-L1+CTC数目呈正相关(表6),而术前血清CEA水平、肿瘤浸润深度(pT)、淋巴结状态(N)与MVB中PD-L1+CTC数目呈正相关。此外,原发性CRC淋巴和静脉浸润与MVB中的PD-L1+CTC的量相关(表7)。PD-L1+CTC数目与原发性CRC分化、神经周围浸润、癌周围炎性变化、癌组织浸润模式和手术前血清CA-19-9水平之间没有发现关联。
表6:PD-L1(+)CTC的存在及临床分期的关系
表7:临床病理参数与PD-L1+CTCs的相关性
6.对其他癌症患者的CTC进行PD-L1生物标志物评估
在头颈部鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)、肝癌(HCC)和子宫颈癌(UC)患者中CTCs的总体检测率分别为31%,55%和40%(参见下表8)。检测从HNSCC,HCC和UC患者分离的CTCs的PD-L1蛋白表达。分离的CTCs的PD-L1生物标记物的表达在患者之间和同一血样内的之间显示异质性(图9)。在患者中可检测的CTCs上评估PD-L1状态。在这些患者中,100%的HNSCC、50%的HCC和100%的UC显示PD-L1+CTCs亚群(表8)。PD-L1(+)CTC的存在与HNSCC患者的疾病进展显著相关(参见下表9)。
表8:循环肿瘤细胞和PD-L1(+)在晚期癌症中的循环肿瘤细胞检测率
表9:CTC或PD-L1(+)CTC的存在与疾病进展之间的相关性
参考数据:
1.Pantel,K.,C.Alix-Panabieres,and S.Riethdorf,Nat Rev Clin Oncol,2009.6(6):p.339-51.
2.Cohen,S.J.,et al.,J Clin Oncol,2008.26(19):p.3213-21.
3.Thorsteinsson,M.,G.Soletormos,and P.Jess,Anticancer Res,2011.31(2):p.613-7.
4.Sastre,J.,et al.,Ann Oncol,2008.19(5):p.935-8.
5.Nicolazzo,C.et al.,Sci Rep.2016 Aug 24;6:31726.
Claims (2)
1.检测PD-L1+循环肿瘤细胞的试剂在制备筛选处于发生复发性或转移性大肠直肠癌风险中的个体的试剂或试剂盒中的应用,其中该检测PD-L1+循环肿瘤细胞的试剂用于检测该个体的一肠系膜静脉血液样本中的PD-L1+循环肿瘤细胞,且其中该肠系膜静脉血液样本是在该个体接受针对该大肠直肠癌的一治疗之前或一治愈性切除手术之中自该个体取得。
2.检测PD-L1+循环肿瘤细胞的试剂在制备预测患有大肠直肠癌的患者的预后的试剂或试剂盒中的应用,其中该检测PD-L1+循环肿瘤细胞的试剂用于检测该患者的一肠系膜静脉血液样本中的PD-L1+循环肿瘤细胞,且其中该肠系膜静脉血液样本是在该患者接受针对该大肠直肠癌的一治疗之前或一治愈性切除手术之中自该患者取得。
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