CN108680077A - a measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to measure tooling technical field, a kind of measuring device is disclosed.The measuring device includes：Pedestal, measuring mechanism, clamping device and regulating mechanism；Measuring mechanism is set on pedestal, and measuring mechanism can measure the runout error of the end surface error and outer circle of workpiece respectively.It one end of clamping device being capable of clamping workpiece；Regulating mechanism is set on pedestal, and regulating mechanism is arranged in the other end of clamping device and can rotate corresponding thereto, and regulating mechanism can adjust the gap between clamping device and regulating mechanism.The measuring device reduces the influence of operating personnel's subjective factor, and then improves measurement accuracy and measurement efficiency.Regulating mechanism can adjust the gap occurred due to abrasion between clamping device and regulating mechanism simultaneously, and then improve the precision and accuracy of measurement.

Description

a measuring device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of measuring tooling, in particular to a measuring device.

Background technique

In actual production, there is a kind of workpiece that is obtained from a blank after being processed by a grinding machine. As shown in Figure 1, the workpiece 5 includes a large shaft portion 51, a small shaft portion 52 and a transition portion 53 arranged between the large shaft portion 51 and the small shaft portion 52. After being processed by a grinding machine, the large shaft portion 51 needs to be measured. The end face error and the runout error of the outer circle relative to the A reference, and the parallelism measurement of the transition part 53 relative to the B reference is also required. Since the part is produced on a special production machine in an assembly line, in order to ensure the quality of the final part product, a checker is needed to complete the test, so that the next process can only be allowed to process after the test is passed.

At present, when generally measuring the workpiece 5, the operator needs to rotate the workpiece 5 and set it on the carrier, and measure it with a hand-held instrument based on experience. This measurement method is easily affected by the subjective factors of the operator, and the measurement accuracy is low. low efficiency. More importantly, since there is no special measuring tool, after a long time of rotating measurement, a gap will appear between the workpiece 5 and the carrier due to wear, which will affect the accuracy of the measurement.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a measuring device that can adjust the gap between the workpiece and the carrier due to wear, thereby improving the measurement accuracy.

For reaching this purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A measuring device includes: a base; a measuring mechanism arranged on the base, and the measuring mechanism can respectively measure the end surface error of the large shaft portion of the workpiece and the runout error of the outer circle; a clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism One end of the mechanism can clamp the transition part of the workpiece; the adjustment mechanism is arranged on the base, the adjustment mechanism is passed through the other end of the clamp mechanism and rotates with it, and the adjustment mechanism can adjust the The gap between the clamping mechanism and the adjusting mechanism.

Preferably, the measurement mechanism includes two base components, a slide rail arranged between the two base components, and a first measurement component and a second measurement component that are both slidably disposed on the slide rails, the first The measuring component can measure the end surface error of the large shaft portion of the workpiece, and the second measuring component can measure the outer circular runout error of the large shaft portion of the workpiece.

Preferably, the first measurement component includes a first sliding sleeve that is slidably set with the slide rail, a first table frame that is set on the first sliding sleeve, and a first table frame that is set on the first table frame. As for the dial indicator, the measuring head of the first dial gauge can be in contact with the end surface of the large shaft part of the workpiece to measure the error of the end surface.

Preferably, the second measurement assembly includes a second sliding sleeve that is slidably set with the slide rail, a second watch frame that is set on the second sliding sleeve, and a second watch frame that is set on the second watch frame. As for the dial gauge, the measuring head of the second dial gauge can be in contact with the outer circle of the large shaft part of the workpiece to measure its runout error.

Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a three-jaw chuck for clamping the transition portion and a connecting shaft, one end of the connecting shaft is connected to the three-jaw chuck, and the other end is passed through the adjustment mechanism And turn the settings with it.

Preferably, the jaws of the three-jaw chuck are inlaid with jaw pads, and the jaw pads can clamp the transition portion of the workpiece.

Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a seat arranged on the base and a bushing passing through the seat, and the other end of the clamping mechanism passes through the bushing and is arranged to rotate with it.

Preferably, both the inner wall of the seat and the outer wall of the sleeve are conical structures, and the inner wall of the seat is attached to the outer wall of the sleeve.

Preferably, the adjusting mechanism further includes two pressing blocks respectively pressed against two ends of the carrier, and the pressing blocks are sheathed on the shaft sleeve.

Preferably, the adjusting mechanism further includes a bearing assembly and a stop assembly respectively sleeved on the other end of the clamping mechanism, the other end of the clamping mechanism is clamped to the stop assembly, and the bearing assembly It is arranged between the carrier seat and the stop component and fits with the shaft sleeve.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1) By setting one end of the clamping mechanism to be able to clamp the workpiece, and the other end to pass through the adjustment mechanism and rotate relative to it, the measuring mechanism can respectively measure the end surface error and the runout error of the workpiece relative to the A reference, and will ≦ The 0.02mm feeler gauge is inserted into the gap between the workpiece and the clamping mechanism to measure the parallelism error of the B reference in the workpiece. Compared with the existing hand-held instrument for measurement, the influence of the subjective factors of the operator is reduced, thereby improving The measurement accuracy and measurement efficiency are improved.

2) By passing the adjusting mechanism through the other end of the clamping mechanism and rotating relative to it, the adjusting mechanism can adjust the gap between the clamping mechanism and the adjusting mechanism due to wear, thereby improving the accuracy and accuracy of measurement.

3) The measuring device is compact in structure and small in size, and can be placed next to the assembly line for quick inspection of batches of assembly line production.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the workpiece to be measured in the measuring device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of measuring device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the clamping mechanism and the adjusting mechanism in the measuring device of the present invention.

In the picture:

1. Base; 2. Measuring mechanism; 3. Clamping mechanism; 4. Adjusting mechanism; 5. Workpiece;

21. Base component; 22. Slide rail; 23. First measurement component; 24. Second measurement component;

211, base body; 212, top cover; 213, cover plate;

231, on the first sliding sleeve; 232, the first meter frame; 233, the first dial indicator;

241, the second sliding sleeve; 242, the second meter frame; 243, the second dial indicator;

31. Three-jaw chuck; 32. Connecting shaft;

311, claw; 312, claw pad;

41. Carrier; 42. Shaft sleeve; 43. Compression block; 44. Bearing assembly; 45. Stop assembly;

421. Oil injection hole;

441, the first washer; 442, the second washer; 443, the bearing;

451, stop piece; 452, limit block;

51. Large shaft; 52. Small shaft; 53. Transition.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

This embodiment provides a measuring device, as shown in Figure 2, the measuring device comprises: a base 1, a measuring mechanism 2, a clamping mechanism 3 and an adjusting mechanism 4, the measuring mechanism 2 is arranged on the base 1, and the measuring mechanism 2. The end surface error and the runout error of the outer circle of the large shaft portion 51 of the workpiece 5 can be measured separately. One end of the clamping mechanism 3 can clamp the transition portion 53 of the workpiece 5 . At the same time, the adjusting mechanism 4 is arranged on the base 1 , and the adjusting mechanism 4 is sheathed outside the other end of the clamping mechanism 3 and can rotate relative thereto. The adjusting mechanism 4 can adjust the gap between the clamping mechanism 3 and the adjusting mechanism 4 .

One end of the clamping mechanism 3 can clamp the transition portion 53 of the workpiece 5, and the other end is passed through the adjustment mechanism 4 and can rotate relative thereto. The measuring mechanism 2 can respectively measure the end surface of the major axis portion 51 of the workpiece 5 relative to the reference A error and the runout error of the outer circle, and insert a feeler gauge of ≦0.02㎜ into the gap between the transition part 53 and the clamping mechanism 3 to measure the parallelism error of the transition part 53 relative to the B reference. Compared with the prior art hand-held The measurement method of the instrument reduces the influence of the operator's subjective factors, thereby improving the measurement accuracy and efficiency.

The adjustment mechanism 4 is sleeved outside the other end of the clamping mechanism 3 and can rotate relative to it. The adjustment mechanism 4 can adjust the gap between the clamping mechanism 3 and the adjustment mechanism 4 due to wear, thereby improving the accuracy and accuracy of the measurement sex.

The measuring device is compact in structure and small in size, and can be placed next to the assembly line for quick inspection of batches of assembly line production.

As shown in Figure 2, the above-mentioned measuring mechanism 2 includes two base assemblies 21, a slide rail 22 arranged between the two base assemblies 21, and a first measuring assembly 23 and a second measuring assembly 24 both slidingly arranged with the slide rail 22 , wherein the base assembly 21 includes a base body 211 fixed on the base 1, a top cover 212 arranged on the top surface of the base body 211, and a cover plate 213 arranged between the base body 211 and the top cover 212, in order to realize sliding To fix the rail 22 , the slide rail 22 is arranged between the base body 211 and the top cover 212 , and the cover plate 213 is used to block the slide rail 22 between the base body 211 and the top cover 212 .

The above-mentioned first measuring assembly 23 includes a first sliding sleeve 231 slidably arranged with the slide rail 22 , a first dial gauge 232 arranged on the first sliding sleeve 231 , and a first dial indicator 233 arranged on the first dial rack 232 , the measuring head of the first dial indicator 233 is arranged along the axial direction of the workpiece 5, so that the measuring head can be in contact with the end surface of the large shaft portion 51 of the workpiece 5 to measure the end surface error. At the same time, the second measuring assembly 24 includes a second sliding sleeve 241 slidably arranged with the slide rail 22 , a second dial frame 242 arranged on the second sliding sleeve 241 , and a second dial indicator arranged on the second dial rack 242 243 , the measuring head of the second dial gauge 243 is arranged along the radial direction of the workpiece 5 , so that the measuring head can contact the outer circle of the large shaft portion 51 of the workpiece 5 to measure its runout error.

Before the first measuring assembly 23 and the second measuring assembly 24 measure the workpiece 5, a qualified workpiece is used as a standard sample to adjust the positions of the first dial gauge 233 and the second dial gauge 243 on the slide rail 22 respectively. Finally, use the standard sample to draw two line segments of the qualified range of the pointer on the dial glass of the two dial gauges with a marker pen.

Since the clamping mechanism 3 for clamping the transition portion 53 of the workpiece 5 is rotatably arranged in the adjustment mechanism 4, the operator rotates the clamping mechanism 3 to drive the workpiece 5 to rotate accordingly, and the first measuring assembly 23 can measure the size of the workpiece 5 The end face error of the shaft portion 51, the second measuring assembly 24 can measure the outer circle runout error of the large shaft portion 51 of the workpiece 5, and then determine whether the scales displayed on the first dial gauge 233 and the second dial gauge 243 are within the mark. within range. If the scales displayed on the first dial gauge 233 and the second dial gauge 243 are all within the range of the mark, it is judged that the workpiece 5 is a qualified product, and then the next process can be carried out; otherwise, it is a defective product and reworked reprocessing or scrapping.

As shown in Figures 2-3, the clamping mechanism 3 includes a three-jaw chuck 31 and a connecting shaft 32 for clamping the transition portion 53, wherein the connecting shaft 32 is a T-shaped structure, and the large shaft end of the connecting shaft 32 is connected to the three-jaw chuck. The bottom surfaces of the claw chucks 31 are in contact with each other and the two are fixedly connected, and the small shaft end of the connecting shaft 32 is passed through the adjustment mechanism 4 and rotates relative thereto.

Wherein the center of three-jaw chuck 31 is provided with central hole (not marked in the figure), and this central hole is used for piercing the small shaft part 52 of workpiece 5, and on the three-jaw chuck 31, arranges evenly along the circumference of central hole There are three jaws 311 for clamping the workpiece 5 . Since the type of the three-jaw chuck 31 is a hydraulic fastening type, after adjusting the hydraulic pressure to 0.7MPa, put the workpiece 5 between the three jaw pads 312 and fit them together, step on the hydraulic switch, so that The three claw pads 312 can clamp the transition portion 53 of the workpiece 5 , and then can respectively measure the end surface error and the runout error of the large shaft portion 51 of the workpiece 5 .

In order to prevent the workpiece 5 from being pinched, the claws 311 of the three-jaw chuck 31 are all inlaid with claw pads 312. The claw pads 312 are made of beryllium copper, and the hardness is relatively hard after heat treatment, so the claw pads 312 have a durable Grinding, anti-magnetization and other advantages. When it is necessary to measure the parallelism error in the transition portion 53 of the workpiece 5, a feeler gauge ≦0.02mm can be inserted into the gap between the transition portion 53 and the jaw pad 312 to obtain the parallelism of the transition portion 53 relative to the B datum degree error.

As shown in Figure 2-3, the adjustment mechanism 4 includes a seat 41 arranged on the base 1, a shaft sleeve 42 passing through the seat 41, and two pressing blocks 43 sleeved on the shaft sleeve 42, connecting the shaft The small shaft end of 32 penetrates in the axle sleeve 42 and rotates relatively therewith, and the axle sleeve 42 is made of copper. In order to avoid the gap between the connecting shaft 32 and the shaft sleeve 42 due to relative rotation wear, the inner wall of the carrier 41 and the outer wall of the shaft sleeve 42 are all set in a conical structure, and the inner wall of the carrier 41 is attached to the shaft sleeve 42 The outer wall, which in turn can improve the precision and accuracy of the measurement.

When there is a gap between the connecting shaft 32 and the shaft sleeve 42, first loosen the two compression blocks 43 that are respectively pressed against the two ends of the carrier 41, and then move the shaft sleeve 42 to the direction of the small diameter (that is, in Fig. 2 ). right direction) to the preset position, and then press the two pressing blocks 43 against the two ends of the carrier 41 again to achieve the purpose of locking and fixing, and then complete the connection between the connecting shaft 32 and the sleeve 42 Gap adjustment.

Specifically, the pressing block 43 can be a round nut, wherein the end of the large diameter of the pressing block 43 sleeved on the shaft sleeve 42 can be a round nut with a specification of M56X2, and the pressing block 43 is sleeved on one end of the small diameter of the shaft sleeve 42 It can be a round nut with a specification of M48X1.5. By adjusting the two round nuts, the best fit between the connecting shaft 32 and the bushing 42 can be achieved. Nuts are used to meet the requirements of cooperation, and then to achieve the purpose of timely adjustment.

As shown in Figures 2-3, the adjustment mechanism 4 also includes a bearing assembly 44 and a stop assembly 45 respectively sleeved on the other end of the connecting shaft 32, the bearing assembly 44 is arranged between the carrier 41 and the stop assembly 45, which The middle stop assembly 45 includes a stop piece 451 and a limit block 452 that are both sleeved on the connecting shaft 32. Since the inner stop ear of the stop piece 451 engages with the stop groove provided on the connecting shaft 32, the stop The outer stop lug of the piece 451 engages with the limiting groove provided on the limiting block 452 to fasten and limit the bearing assembly 44 . At the same time, since the other end of the connecting shaft 32 is sequentially sleeved with the shaft sleeve 42, the bearing assembly 44, the stop piece 451 and the limit block 452, the stop assembly 45 is pressed against the end surface of the shaft sleeve 42 through the bearing assembly 44, so that the bearing assembly 44 is only attached to the axle sleeve 42 to prevent it from loosening.

The bearing assembly 44 includes a first washer 441 in contact with the shaft sleeve 42, a second washer 442 in contact with the stop piece 451, and a bearing 443 arranged between the first washer 441 and the second washer 442. The bearing 443 The specific model is GB292 angular contact ball bearing. Wherein the first washer 441 and the second washer 442 are sleeved on the connecting shaft 32 to fix the bearing 443 and limit the axial position.

In order to ensure the smooth rotation of the connecting shaft 32, an oil injection hole 421 is provided on the shaft sleeve 42, wherein the oil injection hole 421 is a waist-shaped hole, which is used to enhance the lubrication effect of the shaft sleeve 42 and the bearing 443, thereby ensuring the accuracy of measurement. Simultaneously, in order to ensure that the three-jaw chuck 31 rotates lighter and more flexible, a plurality of helical oil grooves (not shown) are provided on the mating surface of the bearing 443 and the shaft sleeve 42 .

It should be noted that the operator can judge the quality of the fit between the bushing 42 and the bearing 443 according to the rotation of the three-jaw chuck 31, and adjust the two round nuts in time to achieve a better fit. Clearance, thereby improving the efficiency and durability of the measuring device.

The working process of the measuring device provided in this embodiment is as follows:

First, use a qualified workpiece as a standard sample, adjust the hydraulic pressure to 0.7 MPa, put the qualified workpiece between the three claw pads 312 and fit them, and step on the hydraulic switch to make the three jaws The claw pad 312 can clamp the transition portion 53 of the qualified workpiece 5; then after the first dial gauge 233 and the second dial gauge 243 are adjusted to the position on the slide rail 22 respectively, then utilize the standard sample and use a marker pen to Draw two line segments of the qualified range of the pointer on the dial glass of the two dial gauges;

Secondly, after the qualified workpiece is removed from the three-jaw chuck 31, use the three-jaw chuck 31 to clamp the workpiece 5 to be measured in the same way, and then insert a feeler gauge ≦0.02㎜ into the transition part 53 and the jaw pad 312 to obtain the parallelism error of the transition portion 53 relative to the B reference; at the same time, the operator rotates the three-jaw chuck 31 to drive the workpiece 5 to rotate accordingly, when the first dial indicator 233 and the second thousand If the scales displayed on the sub-table 243 are all within the marked range, it is determined that the workpiece 5 is a qualified product, and then the next process can be carried out; otherwise, it is an unqualified product;

Again, when there is a gap between the connecting shaft 32 and the shaft sleeve 42, first loosen the two pressing blocks 43 respectively pressed against the two ends of the carrier 41, and then move the shaft sleeve 42 to the direction of the small diameter to the preset position. After positioning, press the two pressing blocks 43 against the two ends of the carrier 41 again to achieve the purpose of locking and fixing, and then complete the adjustment of the gap between the connecting shaft 32 and the shaft sleeve 42 .

Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or changes in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. All modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of measuring device, which is characterized in that including：

Pedestal (1)；

Measuring mechanism (2) is set on the pedestal (1), and the measuring mechanism (2) can measure the end face of workpiece (5) respectively The runout error of error and outer circle；

One end of clamping device (3), the clamping device (3) being capable of clamping workpiece (5)；

Regulating mechanism (4) is set on the pedestal (1), and the other end of the clamping device (3) is arranged in the adjusting machine It can rotate in structure (4) and corresponding thereto, the regulating mechanism (4) can adjust the clamping device (3) and the regulating mechanism (4) gap between.

2. measuring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the measuring mechanism (2) includes two base assemblies (21), the sliding rail (22) that is set between two base assemblies (21) and respectively the with the sliding rail (22) sliding setting One measurement assembly (23) and the second measurement assembly (24), the end face that first measurement assembly (23) can measure workpiece (5) are missed Difference, second measurement assembly (24) can measure the outer run-out error of workpiece (5).

3. measuring device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that first measurement assembly (23) includes and the cunning The first sliding sleeve (231) of rail (22) sliding setting, the first dial framework (232) being set on first sliding sleeve (231) and setting The gauge head of the first amesdial (233) on first dial framework (232), first amesdial (233) can be with workpiece (5) End face be in contact, to measure its end surface error.

4. measuring device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that second measurement assembly (24) includes and the cunning The second sliding sleeve (241) of rail (22) sliding setting, the second dial framework (242) being set on second sliding sleeve (241) and setting The gauge head of the second amesdial (243) on second dial framework (242), second amesdial (243) can be with workpiece (5) Outer circle be in contact, to measure its runout error.

5. measuring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the clamping device (3) includes described for being clamped The scroll chuck (31) and connecting shaft (32) of workpiece (5), one end of the connecting shaft (32) are connected to the scroll chuck (31), The other end is arranged in the regulating mechanism (4) and can rotate corresponding thereto.

6. measuring device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that on the claw (311) of the scroll chuck (31) It is inlaid with claw pad (312), the workpiece (5) can be clamped in the claw pad (312).

7. measuring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the regulating mechanism (4) includes being set to the base Load seat (41) on seat (1) and the axle sleeve (42) through the load seat (41), the other end of the clamping device (3) through It rotates in the axle sleeve (42) and corresponding thereto.

8. measuring device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the inner wall and the axle sleeve (42) for carrying seat (41) Outer wall be conical structure, and the inner wall for carrying seat (41) fits in the outer wall of the axle sleeve (42).

9. measuring device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the regulating mechanism (4) further includes two and supports respectively It is pressed on the compact heap (43) for carrying seat (41) both ends, the compact heap (43) is sheathed on the axle sleeve (42).

10. measuring device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the regulating mechanism (4) further includes being sheathed on respectively The bearing assembly (44) and stop assembly (45) of the other end of the clamping device (3), the other end card of the clamping device (3) It is connected to the stop assembly (45), the bearing assembly (44) is set between the load seat (41) and the stop assembly (45) And it fits with the axle sleeve (42).