CN109281184A - 一种耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶的制备方法，属于输送带材料技术领域。本发明利用硅橡胶耐高温性优于普通橡胶的特点，在乙烯基硅橡胶中引入苯基等以防止由于硅橡胶有机侧基的氧化分解引起的交联和降解，从而提高材料的热稳定性能，同时引入硅氮烷以防止主链环化解聚引起的降解，气相白炭黑具有良好的补强作用，能够有效提高覆盖胶的耐摩擦性能；玄武岩纤维布具有优异的抗压缩强度和耐高温性，作为输送带覆盖胶的骨架材料，能够大大提高输送带覆盖胶的剪切强度，避免了覆盖胶在工作过程中长时间运输重物而导致不平整，影响使用的问题；本发明所制备的耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶表面光滑平整，强度高，具有良好的耐磨擦性与耐高温性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶的制备方法，属于输送带材料技术领域。
背景技术
输送带是物料输送机的重要组成部分，广泛应用于化工、冶金、煤炭、矿山、港口、建材、机电、轻工、纺织、农业、汽车等各行各业。输送带与工农业生产及人民生活息息相关，对我国国民经济的发展及科技进步起到重要的促进作用。随着我国机械化水平和自动化技术的提高，输送带的需求量逐年提高，种类规格不断增加。针对不同的工作条件以及不同的用途，对输送带性能要求的侧重点也是不一样的。
耐热输送带主要用于冶金企业的烧结矿、建材企业的水泥熟料等高温物料的输送。近年来，在钢铁、水泥、焦炭行业迅猛发展的带动下，对于耐热等级更高、使用寿命更长的耐热输送带的需求更为迫切。现在国内炼焦、水泥、冶金等行业输送物料的温度常常在200℃以上，加上输送过程中带来的严重磨损、冲击和屈挠作用，需要用到与使用环境相适应的耐热输送带。化工行业标准HG2297-92将耐热输送带分为T1、T2和T3几个等级，其对应的试验温度分别为100℃、125℃和170℃，已经明显不能适应当前的使用要求。
钢铁、冶金、焦炭、水泥所运输的物料普遍具有高温性的特点，同时物料在运行的过程中对输送带覆盖胶有较大的磨损，严重缩短了输送带的使用寿命，因而对耐高温输送带的覆盖胶的耐热级别和耐磨性有了更高的要求，目前市场上的耐热输送带采用T3-T4级别的乙丙橡胶，几乎不考虑耐磨性，磨耗值大部分在150mm3以上，但在运输过程中有些高温物料体积较大，易堆积以及托辊与带体发生长时间接触摩擦，从而使以乙丙胶为主体的输送带覆盖胶表面出现严重磨损、脱落等现象大大降低了输送带的使用寿命。
为了提高在高温场所下耐高温输送带的使用寿命，提高输送效率，满足高温度物料的运输，开发一种超耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶就显得尤为迫切与必要。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题：针对现今运输过程中有些高温物料体积较大，易堆积以及托辊与带体发生长时间接触摩擦，从而使以乙丙胶为主体的输送带覆盖胶表面出现严重磨损、脱落的问题，提出了一种耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶的制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：
（1）取二甲基硅油、八苯基环四硅氧烷、氢氧化钾混合搅拌10min，得到混合液A，将混合液A边加热边搅拌，升温至160℃时保温并继续搅拌7h，得到反应液A；
（2）停止加热，将反应液A在室温下静置冷却，加入18mol/L硫酸溶液、甲基环己烷和高含氢硅油，搅拌5h，再加入碳酸钠中和2h，得到反应液B，将反应液B真空抽滤，滤去溶剂得到苯基含氢硅油；
（3）取端乙烯基硅油、八苯基环四硅氧烷和氢氧化钾，搅拌均匀，得到混合液B；
（4）将混合液B边加热边搅拌，升温至160℃时保温并继续搅拌7h，再向其中加入甲基环己烷和6mol/L醋酸溶液中和1h，然后冷却至室温，真空抽滤，脱除溶剂，得到苯基乙烯基硅油；
（5）取苯基乙烯基硅油、硅氮烷、去离子水和气相白炭黑混合，置入搅拌机搅拌10min，得到混合液C；
（6）向混合液C中加入硅氮烷、去离子水和气相白炭黑，再关上盖子搅拌10min，重复此步骤3次；
（7）物料加完后继续搅拌2~3h，抽真空脱水后得到苯基乙烯基橡胶；
（8）取苯基乙烯基橡胶、苯基含氢硅油、硅烷偶联剂和催化剂，搅拌均匀，流延在玄武岩纤维布上，得到复合胶；
（9）将复合胶真空脱泡至无气泡残留，放入烘箱中150℃加热3h后，冷却至室温，得到耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶。
步骤（1）所述二甲基硅油、八苯基环四硅氧烷、氢氧化钾的质量比为50:70:1。
步骤（2）所述18mol/L硫酸溶液、甲基环己烷和高含氢硅油和碳酸钠的质量比为2:40:15:6。
步骤（3）所述端乙烯基硅油、八苯基环四硅氧烷和氢氧化钾的质量比为200:100:1。
步骤（4）所述甲基环己烷和6mol/L醋酸溶液的质量比为200:1。
步骤（5）所述苯基乙烯基硅油、硅氮烷和去离子水气相白炭黑的质量比为60:4:1:10。
步骤（6）所述硅氮烷、去离子水和气相白炭黑的质量比为5:1:25。
步骤（8）所述苯基乙烯基橡胶、苯基含氢硅油、硅烷偶联剂和催化剂的质量比为200:5:1:1，硅烷偶联剂为KH550，催化剂为铂催化剂。
本发明与其他方法相比，有益技术效果是：
（1）硅橡胶具有价格低，耐高温性优于普通橡胶的特点，在乙烯基硅橡胶中引入苯基等以防止由于硅橡胶有机侧基的氧化分解引起的交联和降解，从而提高材料的热稳定性能，同时引入硅氮烷以防止主链环化解聚引起的降解，气相白炭黑具有良好的补强作用，能够有效提高覆盖胶的耐摩擦性能；
（2）玄武岩纤维布具有优异的抗压缩强度和耐高温性，作为输送带覆盖胶的骨架材料，能够大大提高输送带覆盖胶的剪切强度，避免了覆盖胶在工作过程中长时间运输重物而导致不平整，影响使用的问题；
（3）本发明所制备的耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶表面光滑平整，强度高，具有良好的耐磨擦性与耐高温性。
具体实施方式
取50～100g二甲基硅油、70～140g八苯基环四硅氧烷、1～2g氢氧化钾混合搅拌10min，得到混合液A，将混合液A边加热边搅拌，升温至160℃时保温并继续搅拌7h，得到反应液A；停止加热，将反应液A在室温下静置冷却，加入20～40g18mol/L硫酸、400～800g甲基环己烷和150～300g高含氢硅油，搅拌5h，再加入60～120g碳酸钠中和2h，得到反应液B，将反应液B真空抽滤，滤去溶剂得到苯基含氢硅油；取200～400g端乙烯基硅油、100～200g八苯基环四硅氧烷和1～2g氢氧化钾，搅拌均匀，得到混合液B；将混合液B边加热边搅拌，升温至160℃时保温并继续搅拌7h，再向其中加入400～800g甲基环己烷和2～4g6mol/L醋酸溶液中和1h，然后冷却至室温，真空抽滤，脱除溶剂，得到苯基乙烯基硅油；取300～600g苯基乙烯基硅油、20～40g硅氮烷、5～10g去离子水和50～100g气相白炭黑混合，置入搅拌机搅拌10min，得到混合液C；向混合液C中加入5～10g硅氮烷、1～2g去离子水和25～50g气相白炭黑，再关上盖子搅拌10min，重复此步骤3次；物料加完后继续搅拌2～3h，抽真空脱水后得到苯基乙烯基橡胶；取200～00g苯基乙烯基橡胶、5～10g苯基含氢硅油、1～2g硅烷偶联剂和1～2g铂金催化剂，搅拌均匀，流延在玄武岩纤维布上，然后真空脱泡至无气泡残留，放入烘箱中150℃加热3h后，冷却至室温，得到耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶。
实例1
取50g二甲基硅油、70g八苯基环四硅氧烷、1g氢氧化钾混合搅拌10min，得到混合液A，将混合液A边加热边搅拌，升温至160℃时保温并继续搅拌7h，得到反应液A；停止加热，将反应液A在室温下静置冷却，加入20g18mol/L硫酸、400g甲基环己烷和150g高含氢硅油，搅拌5h，再加入60g碳酸钠中和2h，得到反应液B，将反应液B真空抽滤，滤去溶剂得到苯基含氢硅油；取200g端乙烯基硅油、100g八苯基环四硅氧烷和1g氢氧化钾，搅拌均匀，得到混合液B；将混合液B边加热边搅拌，升温至160℃时保温并继续搅拌7h，再向其中加入400g甲基环己烷和2g6mol/L醋酸溶液中和1h，然后冷却至室温，真空抽滤，脱除溶剂，得到苯基乙烯基硅油；取300g苯基乙烯基硅油、20g硅氮烷、5g去离子水和50g气相白炭黑混合，置入搅拌机搅拌10min，得到混合液C；向混合液C中加入5g硅氮烷、1g去离子水和25g气相白炭黑，再关上盖子搅拌10min，重复此步骤3次；物料加完后继续搅拌2h，抽真空脱水后得到苯基乙烯基橡胶；取200g苯基乙烯基橡胶、5g苯基含氢硅油、1g硅烷偶联剂和1g铂金催化剂，搅拌均匀，流延在玄武岩纤维布上，然后真空脱泡至无气泡残留，放入烘箱中150℃加热3h后，冷却至室温，得到耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶。
实例2
取75g二甲基硅油、105g八苯基环四硅氧烷、1.5g氢氧化钾混合搅拌10min，得到混合液A，将混合液A边加热边搅拌，升温至160℃时保温并继续搅拌7h，得到反应液A；停止加热，将反应液A在室温下静置冷却，加入30g18mol/L硫酸、600g甲基环己烷和225g高含氢硅油，搅拌5h，再加入90g碳酸钠中和2h，得到反应液B，将反应液B真空抽滤，滤去溶剂得到苯基含氢硅油；取300g端乙烯基硅油、150g八苯基环四硅氧烷和1.5g氢氧化钾，搅拌均匀，得到混合液B；将混合液B边加热边搅拌，升温至160℃时保温并继续搅拌7h，再向其中加入600g甲基环己烷和3g6mol/L醋酸溶液中和1h，然后冷却至室温，真空抽滤，脱除溶剂，得到苯基乙烯基硅油；取450g苯基乙烯基硅油、30g硅氮烷、7g去离子水和75g气相白炭黑混合，置入搅拌机搅拌10min，得到混合液C；向混合液C中加入7g硅氮烷、1.5g去离子水和37g气相白炭黑，再关上盖子搅拌10min，重复此步骤3次；物料加完后继续搅拌2.5h，抽真空脱水后得到苯基乙烯基橡胶；取300g苯基乙烯基橡胶、7g苯基含氢硅油、1.5g硅烷偶联剂和1.5g铂金催化剂，搅拌均匀，流延在玄武岩纤维布上，然后真空脱泡至无气泡残留，放入烘箱中150℃加热3h后，冷却至室温，得到耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶。
实例3
取100g二甲基硅油、140g八苯基环四硅氧烷、2g氢氧化钾混合搅拌10min，得到混合液A，将混合液A边加热边搅拌，升温至160℃时保温并继续搅拌7h，得到反应液A；停止加热，将反应液A在室温下静置冷却，加入40g18mol/L硫酸、800g甲基环己烷和300g高含氢硅油，搅拌5h，再加入120g碳酸钠中和2h，得到反应液B，将反应液B真空抽滤，滤去溶剂得到苯基含氢硅油；取400g端乙烯基硅油、200g八苯基环四硅氧烷和2g氢氧化钾，搅拌均匀，得到混合液B；将混合液B边加热边搅拌，升温至160℃时保温并继续搅拌7h，再向其中加入800g甲基环己烷和4g6mol/L醋酸溶液中和1h，然后冷却至室温，真空抽滤，脱除溶剂，得到苯基乙烯基硅油；取600g苯基乙烯基硅油、40g硅氮烷、10g去离子水和100g气相白炭黑混合，置入搅拌机搅拌10min，得到混合液C；向混合液C中加入10g硅氮烷、2g去离子水和50g气相白炭黑，再关上盖子搅拌10min，重复此步骤3次；物料加完后继续搅拌3h，抽真空脱水后得到苯基乙烯基橡胶；取400g苯基乙烯基橡胶、10g苯基含氢硅油、2g硅烷偶联剂和2g铂金催化剂，搅拌均匀，流延在玄武岩纤维布上，然后真空脱泡至无气泡残留，放入烘箱中150℃加热3h后，冷却至室温，得到耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶。
取本发明制备的耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶及市售输送带覆盖胶按照HG/T3714-2003和HG297-92标准进行机械性能测试，本发明制备的耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶及对比例得到的市售输送带覆盖胶进行耐灼烧试验，实验方法：将质量为1kg的立方铁块放入实验所需温度的环境中，待铁块升温至目标温度并稳定后，将其平放在按配方所制得的试验试样上，保持30s，观察表面情况，具体检测结果如下表表1：
表1耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶性能表征
由表1可知本发明制备的耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶，机械性能优异耐磨损性能好，耐高温性能佳，具有极其广阔的市场应用价值。
Claims (8)
1.一种耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶的制备方法，其特征在于，具体制作步骤为：
（1）取二甲基硅油、八苯基环四硅氧烷、氢氧化钾混合搅拌10min，得到混合液A，将混合液A边加热边搅拌，升温至160℃时保温并继续搅拌7h，得到反应液A；
（2）停止加热，将反应液A在室温下静置冷却，加入18mol/L硫酸溶液、甲基环己烷和高含氢硅油，搅拌5h，再加入碳酸钠中和2h，得到反应液B，将反应液B真空抽滤，滤去溶剂得到苯基含氢硅油；
（3）取端乙烯基硅油、八苯基环四硅氧烷和氢氧化钾，搅拌均匀，得到混合液B；
（4）将混合液B边加热边搅拌，升温至160℃时保温并继续搅拌7h，再向其中加入甲基环己烷和6mol/L醋酸溶液中和1h，然后冷却至室温，真空抽滤，脱除溶剂，得到苯基乙烯基硅油；
（5）取苯基乙烯基硅油、硅氮烷、去离子水和气相白炭黑混合，置入搅拌机搅拌10min，得到混合液C；
（6）向混合液C中加入硅氮烷、去离子水和气相白炭黑，再关上盖子搅拌10min，重复此步骤3次；
（7）物料加完后继续搅拌2~3h，抽真空脱水后得到苯基乙烯基橡胶；
（8）取苯基乙烯基橡胶、苯基含氢硅油、硅烷偶联剂和催化剂，搅拌均匀，流延在玄武岩纤维布上，得到复合胶；
（9）将复合胶真空脱泡至无气泡残留，放入烘箱中150℃加热3h后，冷却至室温，得到耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（1）所述二甲基硅油、八苯基环四硅氧烷、氢氧化钾的质量比为50:70:1。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（2）所述18mol/L硫酸溶液、甲基环己烷和高含氢硅油和碳酸钠的质量比为2:40:15:6。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（3）所述端乙烯基硅油、八苯基环四硅氧烷和氢氧化钾的质量比为200:100:1。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（4）所述甲基环己烷和6mol/L醋酸溶液的质量比为200:1。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（5）所述苯基乙烯基硅油、硅氮烷和去离子水气相白炭黑的质量比为60:4:1:10。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（6）所述硅氮烷、去离子水和气相白炭黑的质量比为5:1:25。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种耐磨耐高温输送带覆盖胶的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（8）所述苯基乙烯基橡胶、苯基含氢硅油、硅烷偶联剂和催化剂的质量比为200:5:1:1，硅烷偶联剂为KH550，催化剂为铂催化剂。
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