CN109727694A - The method and its application of removal article surface radioactive pollution are cooperateed with chemical method using ultrasonic wave - Google Patents
The method and its application of removal article surface radioactive pollution are cooperateed with chemical method using ultrasonic wave Download PDFInfo
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- CN109727694A CN109727694A CN201910014306.5A CN201910014306A CN109727694A CN 109727694 A CN109727694 A CN 109727694A CN 201910014306 A CN201910014306 A CN 201910014306A CN 109727694 A CN109727694 A CN 109727694A
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种物品表面放射性污染的去除方法。一种利用超声波与化学方法协同去除物品表面放射性污染的方法，去污过程如下：（1）将表面受到放射性污染的聚氯乙烯、不锈钢、有机玻璃和橡胶物品放置于玻璃容器中，加入配制好的0.5～28%的硝酸溶液，淹没被清洗的物品；（2）再将装有硝酸溶液和被清洗物品的玻璃容器置于超声波清洗仪的水槽中，超声波清洗仪水槽的液面与玻璃容器中硝酸溶液的页面基本持平；（3）调节超声波清洗仪的温度为30～60℃，清洗15～120 min。本发明应用于去除PVC、不锈钢、有机玻璃和橡胶等物品表面放射性污染，工艺简单，操作方便，清洗效果好、速度快。The invention relates to a method for removing radioactive contamination on the surface of articles. A method for removing radioactive contamination on the surface of an article by using ultrasonic waves and chemical methods. The decontamination process is as follows: (1) The polyvinyl chloride, stainless steel, plexiglass and rubber articles whose surfaces are contaminated by radioactivity are placed in a glass container, and the prepared 0.5-28% nitric acid solution, submerged the items to be cleaned; (2) Place the glass container containing the nitric acid solution and the items to be cleaned in the water tank of the ultrasonic cleaner, and the liquid level of the ultrasonic cleaner water tank and the glass container The pages of the medium nitric acid solution are basically flat; (3) adjust the temperature of the ultrasonic cleaner to 30-60°C, and clean for 15-120 min. The invention is applied to remove radioactive contamination on the surfaces of items such as PVC, stainless steel, plexiglass and rubber, and has the advantages of simple process, convenient operation, good cleaning effect and high speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of minimizing technology of article surface radioactive pollution, more particularly, to it is a kind of using ultrasonic wave with
The method and its application of the material surfaces radioactive pollution such as chemical method collaboration removal PVC, stainless steel, organic glass and rubber.
Background technique
In nuclear facilities operation, equipment, instrument and structures in nuclear facilities etc. unavoidably will receive different degrees of
Radioactive pollution.In order to reduce live radioactive level, radioactive diffusion is prevented, the radioactive dose of operator is reduced, subtracts
The Spent Radioactive object amount generated less, therefore, it is necessary to carry out decontamination to the facility of pollution, it be the elimination of nuclear facilities important content it
One, it is retired equipment recycling, the effective means for recycling and protecting environment.
At present, the method for removing surface contamination in the world mainly has: physical technology of removing pollution and chemical decontamination.Common physics is gone
Dirty method have mainly have cleaning, scouring, washing, high-pressure water punching mill, rough sand hydro-peening, centrifugation deep cooling carbon dioxide hydro-peening, spray ice,
Supercritical carbon dioxide hydro-peening, surface layer removing etc., predominantly surface cleaning or surface removal technology；Chemical decontamination is to use chemical solution
Polluted area, facility etc. are cleaned in agent, are widely used in removing the immobilization of radioactive on pipeline, component, equipment and facility surface
Pollutant.Measure radioactive surface contamination's clean effect key technical index be alpha surface pollution reduce how much, it is depended on
Radioactive pollutant pollution level, complex degree of structure, decontamination complexity.Therefore, it is gone in conjunction with physical method and chemical method
The radioactive pollution of dirty advantage, collaboration removal nuclear facilities surface has great importance.
It is related to the patent of invention 201710123096.0 and 201610700954.2 of ultrasonic wave and chemical decontamination, a disclosure
A kind of ultrasonic/chemical united pollution-removing technology is vented one's spleen equipment, this technique is to control three decontamination groove tanks by far distance instrument
Operation operation is come what is completed, it includes the following four stage: 1) the ultrasonic/alkali solution oxide stage；2) deionized water ultrasound
Wave rinse stage；3) ultrasonic wave/acid solution restores the operation phase；4) the deionized water ultrasonic rinsing stage.The patent proposes
Cleaning process need by four operation phase and three decontamination groove tanks, operational management is complicated, is also easy to produce larger amount of cleaning
Waste water need to be further processed.Another discloses a kind of ultrasonic electrolysis automated decontamination system for removing radioactive surface contamination, benefit
With electrochemical principle, using object to be decontaminated as anode, the cell wall of decontamination pit I is as cathode, fiting chemical decontaminating solution (decontamination
Slot 1 is one of nitric acid, sodium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide；Decontamination pit II is one of citric acid, ferrous sulfate), make to pollute
Object uniform dissolution, pollution nucleic enter in decontaminating solution, then repeat ultrasonic decontamination, then carry out heating immersion.The patent
The operational process for being related to three decontamination pits and three supersonic generators is also more complicated.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, propose that a kind of cooperate with using ultrasonic wave with chemical method removes PVC, stainless
The method of the material surfaces radioactive pollution such as steel, organic glass and rubber, simple process, easy to operate, operational management simplicity.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention:
A method of removal article surface radioactive pollution being cooperateed with chemical method using ultrasonic wave, decontamination process is as follows:
(1) surface is placed in glass container by the polyvinyl chloride of radioactive pollution, stainless steel, organic glass and rubber article
In, prepared 0.5~28% nitric acid solution is added, floods cleaned article；
(2) glass container equipped with nitric acid solution and cleaned article is placed in the sink of ultrasonic washing instrument again, ultrasonic wave
The page of nitric acid solution remains basically stable in the liquid level and glass container of cleaning device sink；
(3) temperature for adjusting ultrasonic washing instrument is 30~60 DEG C, cleans 15~120 min.
The method for cooperateing with removal article surface radioactive pollution with chemical method using ultrasonic wave, adjusts ultrasonic wave
The temperature of cleaning device is 40~45 DEG C, and ultrasonic cleaning power is 600W, frequency F26.1KHz.
It is described to cooperate with the method for removing article surface radioactive pollution in removal PVC with chemical method using ultrasonic wave, no
Application in rust steel, organic glass and rubber article surface radioactive pollution.
Invention the utility model has the advantages that
1, the present invention cooperates with removal PVC, stainless steel, organic glass and rubber material surface to radiate using ultrasonic wave with chemical method
The method of contact scar, simple process is easy to operate, and cleaning effect is good, speed is fast.
2, the present invention cooperates with removal PVC, stainless steel, organic glass and rubber material surface with chemical method using ultrasonic wave
The method of radioactive pollution does not need special equipment, low in cost, easy to accomplish, and operational management is easy, practical, tool
There is preferable popularization and application foreground.
3, the present invention cooperates with removal PVC, stainless steel, organic glass and rubber material surface with chemical method using ultrasonic wave
The method of radioactive pollution only needs a Vltrasonic device compared with existing ultrasonic cleaning technology, cleaning procedure complexity, generates
Cleaning solution it is few, secondary pollution is small.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail.Following embodiment
It is merely to illustrate the present invention, limiting the scope of the present invention should not be constituted.Those skilled in the art are in prior art model
In enclosing, simple combination is carried out using the displacement of conventional techniques and with the prior art, all without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The method that the present invention cooperates with removal article surface radioactive pollution with chemical method using ultrasonic wave, decontamination process are as follows:
(1) polyvinyl chloride (PVC), stainless steel, organic glass and the rubber and other items by surface by radioactive pollution are placed in
In glass container, prepared 0.5~28% nitric acid solution is added, floods cleaned article；
(2) glass container equipped with nitric acid solution and cleaned article is placed in the sink of ultrasonic washing instrument again, ultrasonic wave
The page of nitric acid solution remains basically stable in the liquid level and glass container of cleaning device sink；
(3) temperature for adjusting ultrasonic washing instrument is 30~60 DEG C, power 600W, frequency F26.1KHz, cleaning 15~120
min。
Existing ultrasonic wave and chemical decontamination method, complex process, operating process is cumbersome, is not easy to realize.The present invention utilizes super
The method that sound wave cooperates with removal article surface radioactive pollution with chemical method is applied to removal PVC, stainless steel, organic glass
With rubber and other items surface radioactive pollution, simple process is easy to operate, and cleaning effect is good, speed is fast.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment cooperates with the method and embodiment 1 for removing article surface radioactive pollution using ultrasonic wave with chemical method
The difference is that: the concentration of the nitric acid solution used is 16~28%, and scavenging period is 15~45 min.
Embodiment 3
The method and embodiment 1 for cooperateing with removal article surface radioactive pollution with chemical method using ultrasonic wave of the present embodiment
The difference is that: the concentration of the nitric acid solution used is 8~16%, and scavenging period is 45~75 min.
Embodiment 4
The method and embodiment 1 for cooperateing with removal article surface radioactive pollution with chemical method using ultrasonic wave of the present embodiment
The difference is that: the concentration of the nitric acid solution used is 0.5~8%, and scavenging period is 75~120 min.
Below by the mode of experiment, illustrate implementation process and effect of the present invention:
Experiment 1
It is 1.89 Bq/cm by radioactive surface contamination's initial value2Rubber be immersed in 16% nitric acid solution, adjust ultrasonic wave
For the heating degree of cleaning machine to 52 DEG C, supersonic wave cleaning machine power is 600W, frequency F26.1KHz.Beaker is fixed on ultrasonic wave
In cleaning device, and keep in beaker that liquid level is consistent substantially in liquid level of solution and Ultrasound Instrument.Cleaning 60 minutes, after cleaning
Sample, which takes out, uses distilled water flushing, and being placed on measurement sample surfaces radioactive activity value after air-drying under fan is 0.50 Bq/cm2, go
Except rate is up to 73.54%.
Experiment 2
It is 33.28 Bq/cm by radioactive surface contamination's initial value2PVC be immersed in 8% nitric acid solution, adjust ultrasonic wave
For the heating degree of cleaning machine to 32 DEG C, supersonic wave cleaning machine power is 600W, frequency F26.1KHz.Beaker is fixed on ultrasonic wave
In cleaning device, and keep in beaker that liquid level is consistent substantially in liquid level of solution and Ultrasound Instrument.Cleaning 30 minutes, after cleaning
Sample, which takes out, uses distilled water flushing, and being placed on measurement sample surfaces radioactive activity value after air-drying under fan is 5.39 Bq/cm2, go
Except rate is up to 83.80%.
Experiment 3
It is 7.41 Bq/cm by radioactive surface contamination's initial value2Organic glass be immersed in 12% nitric acid solution, adjust super
For the heating degree of sound wave cleaning machine to 32 DEG C, supersonic wave cleaning machine power is 600W, frequency F26.1KHz.Beaker is fixed on super
In sound wave cleaning device, and keep in beaker that liquid level is consistent substantially in liquid level of solution and Ultrasound Instrument.Cleaning 60 minutes, will clean
Sample afterwards, which takes out, uses distilled water flushing, and being placed on measurement sample surfaces radioactive activity value after air-drying under fan is 0.46 Bq/
cm2, removal rate is up to 93.80%.
Experiment 4
It is 8.36 Bq/cm by radioactive surface contamination's initial value2Stainless steel be immersed in 12% nitric acid solution, adjust ultrasound
For the heating degree of wave cleaning machine to 32 DEG C, supersonic wave cleaning machine power is 600W, frequency F26.1KHz.Beaker is fixed on ultrasound
In wave cleaning device, and keep in beaker that liquid level is consistent substantially in liquid level of solution and Ultrasound Instrument.Cleaning 60 minutes, after cleaning
Sample take out use distilled water flushing, be placed under fan air-dry after measurement sample surfaces radioactive activity value be 0.30 Bq/cm2,
Removal rate is up to 96.41%.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method for cooperateing with removal article surface radioactive pollution with chemical method using ultrasonic wave, decontamination process are as follows:
(1) surface is placed in glass container by the polyvinyl chloride of radioactive pollution, stainless steel, organic glass and rubber article
In, prepared 0.5~28% nitric acid solution is added, floods cleaned article；
(2) glass container equipped with nitric acid solution and cleaned article is placed in the sink of ultrasonic washing instrument again, ultrasonic wave
The page of nitric acid solution remains basically stable in the liquid level and glass container of cleaning device sink；
(3) temperature for adjusting ultrasonic washing instrument is 30~60 DEG C, cleans 15~120 min.
2. the side according to claim 1 for cooperateing with removal article surface radioactive pollution with chemical method using ultrasonic wave
Method, it is characterised in that: the concentration of the nitric acid solution used is 16~28%, and scavenging period is 15~45 min.
3. the side according to claim 1 for cooperateing with removal article surface radioactive pollution with chemical method using ultrasonic wave
Method, it is characterised in that: the concentration of the nitric acid solution used is 8~16%, and scavenging period is 45~75 min.
4. the side according to claim 1 for cooperateing with removal article surface radioactive pollution with chemical method using ultrasonic wave
Method, it is characterised in that: the concentration of the nitric acid solution used is 0.5~8%, and scavenging period is 75~120 min.
5. according to any one of claims 1 to 4 cooperate with removal article surface radioactivity with chemical method using ultrasonic wave
The method of pollution, it is characterised in that: ultrasonic cleaning power is 600W, frequency F26.1KHz.
6. being removed described in claim 1 using the method that ultrasonic wave cooperates with removal article surface radioactive pollution with chemical method
Application in PVC, stainless steel, organic glass and rubber article surface radioactive pollution.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110689987A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-14 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Comprehensive decontamination process for stainless steel shell of hot chamber |
| CN114085676A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-25 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Radioactive contaminated soil cleaning agent composition, cleaning agent, preparation method and application thereof |
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| TW201318007A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2013-05-01 | Atomic Energy Council | Method to decontaminate surface nuclides for thermal insulating perlite |
| CN106158060A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-11-23 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | A kind of ultrasonic electrolysis automated decontamination system removing radioactive surface contamination |
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| CN101079334A (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2007-11-28 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | An ultrasonic/chemical united pollution-removing technology and its device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110689987A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-14 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Comprehensive decontamination process for stainless steel shell of hot chamber |
| CN114085676A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-25 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Radioactive contaminated soil cleaning agent composition, cleaning agent, preparation method and application thereof |
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