CN110012686A - soil fertility improvement device - Google Patents

Abstract

Soil fertility improved device, by adding organic fertilizer and decomposition microbial agent into soil for realizing the improvement to soil fertility.It includes: fertilizer box, is equipped with fairlead in the bottom of fertilizer box front end, is equipped with the first conveyer in the inner cavity lower part of fertilizer box；Conveyance conduit, conveyance conduit are L shape, and the vertical portion of conveyance conduit is placed in the outside of fairlead, is fixed with bracket on the horizontal component end face of conveyance conduit, are equipped with downcast hole in conveyance conduit horizontal component bottom；Second conveyor is equipped in the horizontal component of conveyance conduit；Shovel soil wheel, is rotatably installed on the horizontal component of conveyance conduit, and the driving mechanism of driving shovel soil wheel rotation is equipped on conveyance conduit；The native plate of several shovels is equipped between two shovel soil wheels；Adding unit is arranged on conveyance conduit, for spraying decomposition microbial agent to upper soll layer；Lifting unit, it is arranged between rack and conveyance conduit, for driving the lifting of conveyance conduit.The device can efficiently realize the improvement to soil.

Description

soil fertility improvement device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of soil fertility improvement, in particular to a soil fertility improvement device.

Background technique

The eastern part of the Huanghuaihai Sea is an important agricultural production area in my country. The shortage of water resources and the excessive application of chemical fertilizers are very serious. For a long time, in the production of wheat and corn in the eastern part of Huanghuaihai, chemical fertilizers have been used as the main input, the soil fertility has declined seriously, and the content of soil organic matter has declined, making it difficult to meet the needs of wheat and corn production. Long-term rotary tillage and inadequate tillage measures lead to shallower ploughing layers, heavier ploughing layers, less live soil, worse soil structure, and serious decline in productivity.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil fertility improvement device, which is used to improve soil fertility by adding organic fertilizer and decomposing bacteria to soil.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a soil fertility improvement device, which is characterized in that it includes:

The fertilizer box, which is a hollow structure with an open top, is provided with a drawing pipe at the bottom of the front end of the fertilizer box, and is provided with a first conveyor at the lower part of the inner cavity of the fertilizer box, and the first conveyor is formed by the first conveyor on the support. Motor drive work;

A conveying pipeline, the conveying pipeline is an L-shaped structure, the vertical part of the conveying pipeline is placed outside the lead-out pipe, a bracket is fixed on the end face of the horizontal part of the conveying pipeline, and a drop hole is arranged at the bottom of the horizontal part of the conveying pipeline; A second conveyor is arranged in the horizontal part of the conveying pipeline, and the second conveyor is driven by the second motor;

There are two shovel wheels, both of which are rotatably installed on the horizontal part of the conveying pipeline, the two shovel wheels move synchronously, and a drive mechanism for driving the shovel wheels to rotate is provided on the conveying pipeline; There are several shovel plates between the wheels;

The adding unit, which is arranged on the conveying pipeline, is used for evenly spraying the decomposing agent to the soil surface;

The lifting unit, which is arranged between the frame and the conveying pipeline, is used to drive the lifting and lowering of the conveying pipeline.

Further, the inner side of the fertilizer box is provided with two left and right side plates, the side plate lugs are fixed on the side plates, the inner wall of the fertilizer box is provided with the first lug plate, the side plate lugs and the corresponding No. An ear plate is hingedly connected; a torsion spring is arranged between the side plate and the fertilizer box, and the lower part of the side plate is in contact with the inner wall of the fertilizer box under the action of the torsion spring.

Further, the side plate is an arc-shaped plate, a bottom plate is provided at the lower part of the side plate, and the bottom plate is a rectangular plate.

Further, several synchronizing rods are arranged between the two soil shovel wheels.

Further, the driving mechanism includes a horizontal shaft rotatably installed on the upper part of the conveying pipeline, a third motor for driving the horizontal shaft, two driving sprockets fixed on the horizontal shaft, a driven sprocket fixed on the shovel wheel, The chain between the driving sprocket and the corresponding driven sprocket.

Further, the blade includes a circular arc portion and a straight portion that are fixed as a whole, wherein the straight portion is fixedly connected with the synchronizing rod.

Further, the adding unit includes a nozzle fixed on the horizontal part of the conveying pipeline, a nozzle connecting pipe connected with the nozzle, a first three-way valve connected with the nozzle connecting pipe, two liquid outlet pipes connected with the first three-way valve, The piston cylinder connected with the liquid outlet pipe, the second three-way valve arranged between the two piston cylinders, the liquid inlet pipe arranged between the second three-way valve and the piston cylinder, the main pipe connected with the second three-way valve, The supervisor is connected to the inoculum tank.

Further, the lifting unit includes a swing rod hinged with the frame, a hydraulic cylinder arranged between the swing rod and the frame, the first end of the swing rod is hinged with the frame, and the second end of the swing rod is hinged with the conveying pipe or the bracket. .

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: when using the soil fertility improvement device provided by the present invention, the soil is first digged. During the digging process, the organic fertilizer falls on the soil surface, and the decomposing bacteria are sprayed on the soil surface. , and then realize the simultaneous addition of organic fertilizer and decomposing bacteria. After adding the organic fertilizer and decomposing bacteria agent, the soil scooped up by the shovel wheel rotates with the shovel wheel and falls and is covered on the organic fertilizer and the decomposing bacteria agent, thereby providing a humid environment for the organic fertilizer and the decomposing bacteria agent. , in order to promote the decomposition and decay of organic fertilizers. In this way, the soil is first dug, and then the organic fertilizer and decomposing bacteria are placed in the soil pit to cover the soil, and the above operations are completed at one time, and then the soil fertility is improved by the organic fertilizer and the decomposing bacteria.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of fertilizer box;

Fig. 3 is the sectional view of fertilizer box;

Fig. 4 is the top view of conveying pipeline;

Fig. 5 is the assembly schematic diagram of conveying pipeline and shovel wheel;

Fig. 6 is the front schematic view of the shovel wheel;

Figure 7 is a three-dimensional view of a conveying pipeline;

Fig. 8 is the front view of conveying pipeline;

Fig. 9 is the driving mechanism schematic diagram of the shovel wheel;

Fig. 10 is the assembly schematic diagram of fertilizer tank and conveying pipeline;

Figure 11 is a schematic top view of a conveying pipeline and a shovel wheel;

Fig. 12 is the schematic diagram of the addition unit of decomposing bacterial agent;

In the figure: 1 fertilizer box, 11 bottom hole, 12 first lug plate, 13 side plate, 131 side plate lugs, 132 bottom plate, 14 lead pipe, 15 first conveyor, 16 first motor, 2 conveying pipeline, 21 Bracket, 211 round hole, 22 drop hole, 23 sponge pad, 24 second conveyor, 25 second motor, 26 second lug plate, 3 scraper wheel, 31 synchro rod, 32 scraper plate, 33 stiffener, 34 Driven sprocket, 35 horizontal shaft, 36 driving sprocket, 37 chain, 38 third motor, 4 nozzle, 41 nozzle connecting pipe, 42 first three-way valve, 43 liquid outlet pipe, 44 piston cylinder, 45 liquid inlet pipe , 46 second three-way valve, 47 main pipe, 5 runner, 51 first link, 52 second link, 6 swing rod, 61 third lug, 62 rack, 63 fourth lug, 64 hydraulic cylinder , 65 fifth lug.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1 to 12, the present invention mainly includes a fertilizer tank 1, a conveying pipeline 2, a lifting unit, a shovel wheel 3, a driving mechanism and an adding unit. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fat Box 1:

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , the fertilizer box 1 is a rectangular hollow structure, the top of the fertilizer box is open, and organic fertilizers, such as animal manure, straw, etc., are placed in the fertilizer box. The bottom of the front end of the fertilizer box is provided with a circular bottom hole 11, and a pair of first ear plates 12 are fixed on the left and right inner walls of the fertilizer box, and the pair of two first ear plates are arranged front and rear. Two side plates 13 are arranged on the inner side of the fertilizer box. The side plates are provided with side plate lugs 131. The side plate lugs are hingedly connected with the corresponding first lugs, and the two side plates are symmetrically arranged left and right. The side plate is a circular arc-shaped plate, the bottom of the side plate is a bottom plate 132, the bottom plate is a flat plate, and a torsion spring is arranged between the side plate and the inner wall of the fertilizer box, under the action of the torsion spring, the bottom plate and the inner wall of the left end or the inner wall of the right end of the fertilizer box touch. An outlet pipe 14 is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer tank, and the outlet pipe communicates with the bottom hole. The bottom of the inner cavity of the fertilizer box is provided with a first conveyor 15, the first conveyor is a screw conveyor, the first conveyor is arranged forward and backward along the length direction of the fertilizer box, and the rear side of the fertilizer box is provided with a first motor 16, The first motor drives the first conveyor to work. Under the action of the first conveyor, the organic fertilizer in the fertilizer box continuously falls through the bottom hole, and the organic fertilizer on the rear side of the fertilizer box moves from the back to the front and falls through the bottom hole. In addition to the choice of a motor to drive the first conveyor to work, a diesel engine, a gasoline engine, etc. can also be used. The fertilizer bin is fixed to a frame 62, which can be part of an existing tractor, or can be integral with the present invention and fixedly mounted on an existing tractor.

Delivery pipeline 2:

The conveying pipe 2 is below the fertilizer tank, as shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the conveying pipe is an L-shaped structure, and the cross-section of the conveying pipe is circular. A bracket 21 is fixed on the horizontal part of the conveying pipeline, the bracket corresponds to the vertical part of the conveying pipeline, and a circular hole 211 is arranged on the upper part of the bracket, the bracket is used for sliding connection with the frame 62, and the bracket can move up and down relative to the frame, It can also be moved left and right relative to the rack. A drop hole 22 is provided at the bottom of the horizontal part of the conveying pipeline, and the drop hole is a bar-shaped hole. The vertical part of the conveying pipe is placed outside the outgoing pipe. As shown in FIG. 10 , a circular sponge pad 23 is fixed on the inner wall of the vertical part of the conveying pipe, and the inner wall of the sponge pad contacts the outer wall of the outgoing pipe. Due to the elasticity of the sponge pad, when there is a slight relative displacement between the lead-out pipe and the conveying pipe, the inner wall of the sponge pad can still be in contact with the inner wall of the lead-out pipe. A second conveyor 24 is arranged in the horizontal part of the conveying pipeline, and the second conveyor is also a screw conveyor. A second motor 25 for driving the second conveyor is fixed at the lower part of the bracket. Under the action of the second motor, the second conveyor is conveyed. The machine action realizes the transportation of organic fertilizer, and the organic fertilizer is transported from front to back. In the process of moving, the organic fertilizer can fall through the drop hole.

Shovel Wheel 3:

As shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 9 and Fig. 11, the scraper wheel 3 is a circular structure, and there are two scraper wheels, and the two scraper wheels are rotatably installed on the horizontal part of the conveying pipeline. The two shovel wheels are arranged in the front and rear, and the two shovel wheels are fixedly connected by a synchronizing rod 31 to realize the synchronous action of the two. A driven sprocket 34 is fixed on the outer wall of the shovel wheel, a horizontal shaft 35 is arranged between the vertical part of the conveying pipe and the upper part of the bracket, and two driving sprockets 36 are fixed on the horizontal shaft. One-to-one correspondence with the driven sprockets and a chain 37 is provided between them. A third motor 38 is fixed on the upper part of the bracket, and the third motor drives the rotation of the horizontal shaft. The third motor, the horizontal shaft, the driving sprocket, the driven sprocket and the chain constitute a driving mechanism for driving the shovel wheel to rotate, and the shovel wheel rotates around the rotation center under the action of the driving mechanism.

A plurality of synchronizing rods are arranged between the two shovelling wheels, and a shovelling plate 32 is fixed on each synchronizing rod. The shovelling plate includes a straight part and a circular arc part, and the first end of the straight part of the shovelling plate is connected to the synchronizing rod. In the fixed connection, the second end of the straight line part of the shovel plate is fixedly connected with the arc part. Reinforcing ribs 33 are provided on the straight portion of the blade to increase the structural strength of the blade.

When the shovel wheel rotates, the shovel plate rotates, and after the shovel plate contacts the soil, the soil in the field is dug out. The organic fertilizer in the fertilizer box is driven by the first conveyor to fall into the vertical part of the conveying pipeline through the bottom hole, and then, driven by the second conveyor, the organic fertilizer is transported from front to back, so that the organic fertilizer is transported through the bottom hole. The drop hole falls on the soil surface, and most of the organic fertilizer falls into the soil pit due to the continuous digging of the soil by the shovel plate. When working, the shovel wheel rotates at a constant speed, and then the organic fertilizer dropped through the drop hole is evenly spread on the soil surface and in the soil pit.

Since the shovel plate is provided with an arc-shaped part, the soil shoveled by the arc-shaped part rotates with the shovel wheel, crosses the shovel wheel from left to right, and then falls into the soil surface and the soil pit, thereby realizing the organic fertilizer application. coverage. In this way, the addition of organic fertilizer is realized.

In order to add a decomposing agent to the soil, so that the decomposing agent and the organic fertilizer can cooperate to affect the organic carbon and microbial community in the soil, thereby improving the soil quality, an addition unit is installed on the conveying pipeline, as shown in Figure 12. As shown, the adding unit includes a spray head 4 fixed at the lower part of the horizontal part of the conveying pipe, a spray head connecting pipe 41 connected with the spray head, a first three-way valve 42 connected with the spray head connecting pipe, and two liquid outlets connected with the first three-way valve. The pipe 43, the piston cylinder 44 connected with the liquid outlet pipe, the second three-way valve 46 arranged between the two piston cylinders, the liquid inlet pipe 45 arranged between the second three-way valve and the piston cylinder, and the second three-way valve Main pipe 47 to which the valve is connected. The first end of the main pipe is connected with the bacterial agent tank containing the decomposing bacteria agent, the second end of the main pipe is connected with the first end of the second three-way valve, and the second and third ends of the second three-way valve are connected with the first end of the second three-way valve. The liquid inlet pipe is connected, and the liquid inlet pipe is provided with a one-way valve. Under the action of the one-way valve, the bacterial agent can only enter the piston cylinder through the liquid inlet pipe, but cannot move in the opposite direction. A piston is arranged in the piston cylinder. When the piston moves outward, the bacterial agent in the main pipe can be pumped into the piston cylinder through the second three-way valve and the liquid inlet pipe. When the piston moves inward, the bacterial agent in the piston cylinder can be pushed into the liquid outlet pipe, and then the bacterial agent is sprayed out through the first three-way valve, the nozzle connecting pipe and the nozzle, and evenly sprayed on the soil surface.

In order to drive the movement of the piston in the piston cylinder, a push-pull mechanism is provided on the conveying channel. As shown in Fig. 12, the push-pull mechanism includes a runner 5, a first connecting rod 51 arranged between the runner and the piston in one of the piston cylinders, and a second connecting rod 51 arranged between the runner and the piston in the other piston cylinder Rod 52. The first end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the edge of the runner, the second end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the piston; the first end of the second connecting rod is hinged with the edge of the runner, and the second end of the second connecting rod is hinged with the piston Hinged. The line connecting the hinge point between the first connecting rod and the runner and the hinge point between the second connecting rod and the runner passes through the center of the runner. Bacterial agents continue to increase. The runner can be driven to rotate by the first motor, or a separate driving component (motor, diesel engine) can be provided to drive the runner to rotate.

When working, the shovel wheel should be placed at the lowest point so that the shovel board can extend into the soil; when it is not working, the shovel wheel should be raised to separate the shovel board from the ground to facilitate overall movement. . In order to achieve this purpose, a lifting unit is arranged between the conveying pipe and the frame. As shown in FIG. 1 , the conveying pipe and the bracket are respectively provided with a second ear plate 25, and the frame 62 is fixed with a third ear plate. Plate 61, the second lug plate corresponds to the third lug plate one-to-one, a swing rod 6 is arranged between the third lug plate and the corresponding second lug plate, and the swing rod, the conveying pipe, the bracket and the frame constitute a structure. Parallelogram linkage. A fourth lug plate 63 is fixed on the frame, a fifth lug plate 65 is fixed on one of the swing rods, and a hydraulic cylinder 64 is arranged between the fourth lug plate and the fifth lug plate. The swing of the lower drive pendulum rod further drives the movement of the conveying pipe in the oblique direction, so that the vertical part of the conveying pipe moves up and down relative to the outgoing pipe. The hydraulic cylinder and the swing rod constitute a lifting unit, and the lifting unit drives the shovel wheel to move up and down, so that the shovel plate is inserted into the soil or higher than the soil surface.

Claims (8)

1. A device for improving soil fertility, characterized in that it comprises: The fertilizer box, which is a hollow structure with an open top, is provided with a drawing pipe at the bottom of the front end of the fertilizer box, and is provided with a first conveyor at the lower part of the inner cavity of the fertilizer box, and the first conveyor is formed by the first conveyor on the support. Motor drive work; A conveying pipeline, the conveying pipeline is an L-shaped structure, the vertical part of the conveying pipeline is placed outside the lead-out pipe, a bracket is fixed on the end face of the horizontal part of the conveying pipeline, and a drop hole is arranged at the bottom of the horizontal part of the conveying pipeline; A second conveyor is arranged in the horizontal part of the conveying pipeline, and the second conveyor is driven by the second motor; There are two shovel wheels, both of which are rotatably installed on the horizontal part of the conveying pipeline, the two shovel wheels move synchronously, and a drive mechanism for driving the shovel wheels to rotate is provided on the conveying pipeline; There are several shovel plates between the wheels; The adding unit, which is arranged on the conveying pipeline, is used for evenly spraying the decomposing agent to the soil surface; The lifting unit, which is arranged between the frame and the conveying pipeline, is used to drive the lifting and lowering of the conveying pipeline. 2. soil fertility improvement device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the inner side of the fertilizer box is provided with two side plates that are arranged left and right, on the side plates are fixed side plate lugs, on the inner wall of the fertilizer box A first ear plate is provided, and the side plate support lugs are hingedly connected with the corresponding first ear plate; a torsion spring is arranged between the side plate and the fertilizer box, and the lower part of the side plate is in contact with the inner wall of the fertilizer box under the action of the torsion spring. 3 . The soil fertility improvement device according to claim 2 , wherein the side plate is an arc-shaped plate, a bottom plate is provided at the lower part of the side plate, and the bottom plate is a rectangular plate. 4 . 4 . The soil fertility improvement device according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of synchronizing rods are arranged between the two soil shovel wheels. 5 . 5 . The soil fertility improvement device according to claim 1 , wherein the driving mechanism comprises a horizontal shaft rotatably installed on the upper part of the conveying pipe, a third motor for driving the horizontal shaft, and two driving sprockets fixed on the horizontal shaft. 6 . , a driven sprocket fixed on the shovel wheel, and a chain arranged between the driving sprocket and the corresponding driven sprocket. 6 . The soil fertility improvement device according to claim 1 , wherein the shovel plate comprises a circular arc portion and a linear portion that are fixed as a whole, wherein the linear portion is fixedly connected with the synchronizing rod. 7 . 7. The soil fertility improvement device according to claim 1, wherein the adding unit comprises a sprinkler head fixed on the horizontal part of the conveying pipe, a sprinkler head connecting pipe connected with the sprinkler head, and a first three-way valve connected with the sprinkler head connecting pipe , two liquid outlet pipes connected with the first three-way valve, a piston cylinder connected with the liquid outlet pipe, a second three-way valve arranged between the two piston cylinders, and a second three-way valve arranged between the piston cylinder The liquid inlet pipe, the main pipe connected with the second three-way valve, and the main pipe is connected with the bacterial agent tank. 8. The soil fertility improvement device according to claim 1, wherein the lifting unit comprises a swing rod hinged with the frame, a hydraulic cylinder arranged between the swing rod and the frame, and the first end of the swing rod is connected to the machine. The frame is hinged, and the second end of the swing rod is hinged with the conveying pipeline or the bracket.