CN110202019A - A kind of preparation method of bimetallic pipe billet and its prepare mold - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of bimetallic pipe billet and its prepare mold Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110202019A
CN110202019A CN201910592390.9A CN201910592390A CN110202019A CN 110202019 A CN110202019 A CN 110202019A CN 201910592390 A CN201910592390 A CN 201910592390A CN 110202019 A CN110202019 A CN 110202019A
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bimetallic
extrusion
mould
preparation
billet
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徐祥龙
乔新永
刘平才
李保华
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Anhui Aode Mining Machinery Equipment Science & Technology Co Ltd
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Anhui Aode Mining Machinery Equipment Science & Technology Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
    • B21C23/08—Making wire, rods or tubes
    • B21C23/085—Making tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/20—Making uncoated products by backward extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/22—Making metal-coated products; Making products from two or more metals
    • B21C23/24—Covering indefinite lengths of metal or non-metal material with a metal coating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种双金属管坯的制备方法及其制备模具，包括双金属管坯正挤压制备工艺和双金属管坯反挤压制备工艺，双金属管坯正挤压制备工艺用于管状胚料制备双金属管，双金属管坯反挤压制备工艺用于板状胚料制备双金属管。本发明所述的一种双金属管坯的制备方法及其制备模具，本发明中双金属管坯通过双金属管坯正挤压制备工艺或双金属管坯反正挤压制备工艺，使得两种金属的接触界面通过高压和大变形处理，达到扩散焊接状态，从金属学角度来看，异种金属的接触界面已经融合成一体，用这样的管坯挤压或拉制的双金属精密无缝管材，异种金属间结合紧密，强烈的振动和温度剧烈变化的热胀冷缩均不能使双金属分开。

The invention discloses a method for preparing a bimetallic billet and a manufacturing mold thereof, including a bimetallic billet forward extrusion preparation process and a bimetallic billet reverse extrusion preparation process, and the bimetallic billet forward extrusion preparation process is used for The bimetallic pipe is prepared from the tubular blank, and the reverse extrusion preparation process of the bimetallic pipe billet is used to prepare the bimetallic pipe from the plate blank. A method for preparing a bimetallic billet and its preparation mold according to the present invention. In the present invention, the bimetallic billet is prepared by the forward extrusion process of the bimetallic billet or the reverse extrusion preparation process of the bimetallic billet, so that the two The metal contact interface is processed by high pressure and large deformation to reach the state of diffusion welding. From the perspective of metallurgy, the contact interface of dissimilar metals has been fused into one. The bimetallic precision seamless pipe extruded or drawn by such a tube blank , The dissimilar metals are closely combined, and the strong vibration and the thermal expansion and contraction of the drastic temperature change cannot separate the bimetal.

Description

一种双金属管坯的制备方法及其制备模具A kind of preparation method of bimetal tube blank and its preparation mold

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及双金属管道生产领域，特别涉及一种双金属管坯的制备方法及其制备模具。The invention relates to the field of bimetallic pipe production, in particular to a method for preparing a bimetallic pipe blank and a preparation mold thereof.

背景技术Background technique

双金属管道大多用于流体的输送，现有的双金属管其内管壁和外管壁通常用拉拔或轧制工艺达到机械联接，内外壁的异种金属靠材料的变形应力抱合在一起，其异种金属的接触界面仍然是分层的，这样的双金属管道用于高温、高压、高腐蚀介质、强烈振动以及温差很大的温度频繁变化的场合时，会出现两种金属之间逐渐分离，导致管道损坏，难以满足人们的需求。Bimetallic pipes are mostly used for the transportation of fluids. The existing bimetallic pipes usually use drawing or rolling to achieve mechanical connection between the inner and outer pipe walls. The dissimilar metals on the inner and outer walls are held together by the deformation stress of the material. The contact interface of dissimilar metals is still layered. When such bimetallic pipes are used in high temperature, high pressure, highly corrosive media, strong vibration and frequent temperature changes with large temperature differences, the two metals will gradually separate. , resulting in damage to the pipeline, making it difficult to meet people's needs.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的主要目的在于提供一种双金属管坯的制备方法及其制备模具，可以有效解决背景技术中的问题。The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a bimetal tube blank and a mold for preparing it, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

为实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:

一种双金属管坯的制备方法及其制备模具，包括双金属管坯正挤压制备工艺和双金属管坯反挤压制备工艺，所述双金属管坯正挤压制备工艺用于管状胚料制备双金属管，所述双金属管坯反挤压制备工艺用于板状胚料制备双金属管。A method for preparing a bimetallic billet and its preparation mold, including a bimetallic billet forward extrusion preparation process and a bimetallic billet reverse extrusion preparation process, the bimetallic billet forward extrusion preparation process is used for the tubular billet The bimetallic pipe is prepared from the raw material, and the reverse extrusion preparation process of the bimetallic pipe billet is used to prepare the bimetallic pipe from the plate blank.

优选的，所述双金属管坯正挤压制备工艺具体步骤如下：Preferably, the specific steps of the bimetallic tube blank forward extrusion preparation process are as follows:

(S1)、备料、初次处理(S1), material preparation, initial processing

(S1.1)、按照双金属无缝管的材料要求选取内管和外管胚料；(S1.1), according to the material requirements of the bimetallic seamless pipe, select the blank material of the inner pipe and the outer pipe;

(S1.2)、对内管和外管胚料进行预备热处理；(S1.2), preliminarily heat-treating the inner tube and outer tube blanks;

(S2)、二次处理、压合(S2), secondary treatment, pressing

(S2.1)、对预备热处理后的内管和外管胚料实施表面皮膜处理；(S2.1), implementing surface film treatment to the inner tube and outer tube blanks after preliminary heat treatment;

(S2.2)、对内管和外管胚料套叠结合面进行皮膜去除；(S2.2), removing the skin film on the nesting joint surface of the inner tube and the outer tube blank;

(S2.3)、对皮膜去除后的内管和外管胚料实施清洗，并进行干燥；(S2.3), cleaning and drying the inner tube and outer tube blanks after the film is removed;

(S2.4)、在内管和外管胚料与正挤压模具接触面上涂敷锻造润滑剂，将在内管和外管胚料安装于正挤压模具上；(S2.4), coating the forging lubricant on the contact surface between the inner tube and the outer tube blank and the forward extrusion die, and installing the inner tube and the outer tube blank on the forward extrusion die;

(S2.5)、开启正挤压模具，得到第一工件；(S2.5), open the positive extrusion die to obtain the first workpiece;

(S3)、裁剪(S3), cutting

通过切割装置切割第一工件两端多余和不规范部分，得到标准的双金属管。The redundant and irregular parts at both ends of the first workpiece are cut by a cutting device to obtain a standard bimetallic pipe.

优选的，所述双金属管坯反挤压制备工艺具体步骤如下：Preferably, the specific steps of the bimetallic tube billet reverse extrusion preparation process are as follows:

(一)、备料、初次处理：按双金属无缝管的要求选取两种金属的板坯，并对板胚进行预备热处理；(1) Material preparation and initial treatment: select two kinds of metal slabs according to the requirements of bimetallic seamless pipes, and perform preparatory heat treatment on the slabs;

(二)、板胚机加工：通过裁剪使两种金属板胚与反挤压模具尺寸匹配；(2) Machining of slabs: matching the size of the two metal slabs with the size of the back-extrusion die by cutting;

(三)、二次处理、压合：对两种金属板胚表面进行皮膜处理，再对两种金属板胚平叠的结合面进行皮膜去除，对皮膜去除后的两种金属板胚进行清洗后干燥，再将其叠合，得到叠合的板胚组件，在叠合的板胚组件与反挤压模具接触面进行润滑剂涂敷，并将叠合的板胚组件放入反挤压模具上的反挤压模腔内，实施反挤压加工，得到第二工件；(3), secondary treatment, pressing: the surface of the two metal slabs is treated with a film, and then the film is removed from the joint surface of the two metal slabs, and the two metal slabs are cleaned after the film is removed. After drying, they are stacked to obtain a stacked slab assembly, and lubricant is applied to the contact surface between the stacked slab assembly and the back extrusion die, and the stacked slab assembly is put into the back extrusion In the anti-extrusion die cavity on the mold, implement anti-extrusion processing to obtain the second workpiece;

(四)、裁剪(4), cutting

通过切割装置切割第二工件两端多余和不规范部分，得到标准的双金属管。The redundant and irregular parts at both ends of the second workpiece are cut by a cutting device to obtain a standard bimetallic pipe.

优选的，所述步骤(S1.2)中预备热处理即对内管和外管胚料进行退火处理，使内管和外管胚料硬度降低，可塑性提升，直至内管和外管胚料的硬度和塑形相一致。Preferably, the preliminary heat treatment in the step (S1.2) is to anneal the inner tube and the outer tube blank, so that the hardness of the inner tube and the outer tube blank is reduced, and the plasticity is improved until the inner tube and the outer tube blank The hardness is consistent with the shape.

优选的，所述步骤(一)中预备热处理即对两种金属板胚进行退火处理，使两种金属板胚硬度降低，可塑性提升，直至两种金属板胚的硬度和塑形相一致。Preferably, the preliminary heat treatment in the step (1) is to anneal the two metal blanks to reduce the hardness of the two metal blanks and improve the plasticity until the hardness and shape of the two metal blanks are consistent.

优选的，所述双金属管坯正挤压制备工艺中采用贯穿挤压技术。Preferably, the through-extrusion technology is adopted in the forward extrusion preparation process of the bimetallic tube blank.

优选的，所述步骤(S2.4)中正挤压模具包括正挤压凹模和正挤压凸模，所述正挤压凹模中心处设置有第一加强模，所述第一加强模中心处开设有第一凹模孔，所述正挤压凸模包括主体部和设置于所述主体部中心处的加强芯，所述正挤压凸模底部插接于所述第一凹模孔内。Preferably, the positive extrusion die in the step (S2.4) includes a positive extrusion die and a positive extrusion punch, the center of the positive extrusion die is provided with a first reinforcement die, and the center of the first reinforcement die is A first die hole is opened at the center, the positive extrusion punch includes a main body and a reinforcing core arranged at the center of the main body, the bottom of the positive extrusion punch is plugged into the first die hole Inside.

优选的，所述步骤(三)中反挤压模具包括反挤压凹模和反挤压凸模，所述反挤压凹模中心处设置有第二加强模，所述第二加强模中心处开设有第二凹模孔，所述第二凹模孔底部位于所述第二凹模孔下方处嵌设有顶出模，所述反挤压凸模插接于所述第二凹模孔上方。Preferably, the back-extrusion die in the step (3) includes a back-extrusion die and a back-extrusion punch, the center of the back-extrusion die is provided with a second reinforcement die, and the center of the second reinforcement die is A second die hole is opened at the bottom of the second die hole, and a ejection die is embedded at the bottom of the second die hole below the second die hole, and the reverse extrusion punch is inserted into the second die above the hole.

与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

本发明中双金属管坯通过双金属管坯正挤压制备工艺或双金属管坯反正挤压制备工艺，使得两种金属的接触界面通过高压和大变形处理，达到扩散焊接状态，从金属学角度来看，异种金属的接触界面已经融合成一体，用这样的管坯挤压或拉制的双金属精密无缝管材，异种金属间结合紧密，强烈的振动和温度剧烈变化的热胀冷缩均不能使双金属分开，因此，用这种管坯拉制的双金属精密无缝管可以用在化工、医疗器械、航空航天和核工业领域，可以在高温、高压、强烈振动以及温度剧烈变化的恶劣环境下长期使用；In the present invention, the bimetallic tube blank is prepared by the bimetallic tube blank forward extrusion process or the bimetallic tube blank reverse extrusion process, so that the contact interface of the two metals can be processed by high pressure and large deformation to reach the state of diffusion welding. From a point of view, the contact interface of dissimilar metals has been fused into one. The bimetallic precision seamless pipe extruded or drawn with such a tube billet has a tight bond between dissimilar metals, strong vibration and thermal expansion and contraction due to drastic temperature changes. Neither can separate the bimetal. Therefore, the bimetal precision seamless pipe drawn from this tube blank can be used in the fields of chemical industry, medical equipment, aerospace and nuclear industry, and can withstand high temperature, high pressure, strong vibration and severe temperature changes. Long-term use in harsh environments;

且本发明通过使用一般精锻企业都具备的常规锻造设备(冷锻压力机)和常见的锻造工艺(冷挤压成形)，获得达到扩散联接的双金属管坯，在双金属精密无缝管材的市场需求量不是很大的前提下，无需购置昂贵的大型专用设备，大幅度节约了投资。And the present invention obtains the bimetal tube billet that reaches diffusion connection by using the conventional forging equipment (cold forging press) and the common forging process (cold extrusion forming) that general precision forging enterprises have, and the bimetal precision seamless tube Under the premise that the market demand is not very large, there is no need to purchase expensive large-scale special equipment, which greatly saves investment.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明一种双金属管坯的制备方法及其制备模具中双金属管坯正挤压制备工艺制作整体结构流程图；Fig. 1 is a kind of preparation method of bimetallic tube blank of the present invention and bimetallic tube blank forward extrusion preparation process in the preparation mold and makes overall structural flow chart;

图2为本发明一种双金属管坯的制备方法及其制备模具中双金属管坯反正挤压制备工艺制作整体结构流程图；Fig. 2 is a kind of preparation method of bimetallic tube blank of the present invention and bimetallic tube blank inverse extrusion preparation process in the preparation mold and makes overall structural flow chart;

图3为本发明中双金属管坯正挤压模具结构示意图；Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the forward extrusion die of the bimetal tube blank in the present invention;

图4为本发明中双金属管坯反挤压模具结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reverse extrusion die of the bimetal tube billet in the present invention.

图中标记：1、第一凹模孔；2、正挤压凹模；3、第一加强模；4、主体部；5、正挤压凸模；6、加强芯；7、顶出模；8、反挤压凹模；9、第二加强模；10、第二凹模孔；11、反挤压凸模Marks in the figure: 1. The first die hole; 2. The positive extrusion die; 3. The first reinforcement die; 4. The main body; 5. The positive extrusion punch; 6. The reinforcing core; 7. The ejection die ; 8, reverse extrusion die; 9, the second reinforcement die; 10, the second die hole; 11, reverse extrusion punch

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施方式，进一步阐述本发明。In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

实施例1Example 1

如图1和图3所示，一种双金属管坯的制备方法及其制备模具，包括双金属管坯正挤压制备工艺和双金属管坯反挤压制备工艺，所述双金属管坯正挤压制备工艺用于管状胚料制备双金属管，所述双金属管坯反挤压制备工艺用于板状胚料制备双金属管。As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, a kind of preparation method of bimetallic tube blank and its preparation die, comprise bimetallic tube blank forward extrusion preparation process and bimetallic tube blank reverse extrusion preparation process, described bimetallic tube blank The forward extrusion preparation process is used to prepare the bimetallic pipe from the tubular billet, and the reverse extrusion preparation process of the bimetallic pipe billet is used to prepare the bimetallic pipe from the plate billet.

所述双金属管坯正挤压制备工艺具体步骤如下：The specific steps of the bimetallic tube blank forward extrusion preparation process are as follows:

(S1)、备料、初次处理(S1), material preparation, initial processing

(S1.1)、按照双金属无缝管的材料要求选取内管和外管胚料；(S1.1), according to the material requirements of the bimetallic seamless pipe, select the blank material of the inner pipe and the outer pipe;

(S1.2)、对内管和外管胚料进行预备热处理；(S1.2), preliminarily heat-treating the inner tube and outer tube blanks;

(S2)、二次处理、压合(S2), secondary treatment, pressing

(S2.1)、对预备热处理后的内管和外管胚料实施表面皮膜处理；(S2.1), implementing surface film treatment to the inner tube and outer tube blanks after preliminary heat treatment;

(S2.2)、对内管和外管胚料套叠结合面进行皮膜去除；(S2.2), removing the skin film on the nesting joint surface of the inner tube and the outer tube blank;

(S2.3)、对皮膜去除后的内管和外管胚料实施清洗，并进行干燥；(S2.3), cleaning and drying the inner tube and outer tube blanks after the film is removed;

(S2.4)、在内管和外管胚料与正挤压模具接触面上涂敷锻造润滑剂，将在内管和外管胚料安装于正挤压模具上；(S2.4), coating the forging lubricant on the contact surface between the inner tube and the outer tube blank and the forward extrusion die, and installing the inner tube and the outer tube blank on the forward extrusion die;

(S2.5)、开启正挤压模具，得到第一工件；(S2.5), open the positive extrusion die to obtain the first workpiece;

(S3)、裁剪(S3), cutting

通过切割装置切割第一工件两端多余和不规范部分，得到标准的双金属管。The redundant and irregular parts at both ends of the first workpiece are cut by a cutting device to obtain a standard bimetallic pipe.

所述步骤(S1.2)中预备热处理即对内管和外管胚料进行退火处理，使内管和外管胚料硬度降低，可塑性提升，直至内管和外管胚料的硬度和塑形相一致。The preliminary heat treatment in the step (S1.2) is to anneal the inner tube and the outer tube blank, so that the hardness of the inner tube and the outer tube blank is reduced, and the plasticity is improved, until the hardness and plasticity of the inner tube and the outer tube blank are The shape is consistent.

所述双金属管坯正挤压制备工艺中采用贯穿挤压技术。The through-extrusion technology is adopted in the forward extrusion preparation process of the bimetallic tube billet.

所述步骤(S2.4)中正挤压模具包括正挤压凹模2和正挤压凸模5，正挤压凹模2中心处设置有第一加强模3，第一加强模3中心处开设有第一凹模孔1，正挤压凸模5包括主体部4和设置于主体部4中心处的加强芯6，正挤压凸模5底部插接于第一凹模孔1内。In the step (S2.4), the positive extrusion die includes a positive extrusion die 2 and a positive extrusion punch 5, the center of the positive extrusion die 2 is provided with a first reinforcement die 3, and the center of the first reinforcement die 3 is provided with a There is a first die hole 1 , the positive extrusion punch 5 includes a main body 4 and a reinforcing core 6 arranged at the center of the main body 4 , and the bottom of the positive extrusion punch 5 is plugged into the first die hole 1 .

在双金属管坯正挤压制备工艺的压合成型中，套合的双金属管胚设置于加强芯6下方，当正挤压凸模5下压时，套合的双金属管胚被向下挤压，直至其从第一凹模孔1底部挤出形成第一工件，即双金属管坯。In the compression molding of the bimetallic billet forward extrusion preparation process, the fitted bimetallic billet is placed under the reinforcement core 6, and when the forward extrusion punch 5 is pressed down, the fitted bimetallic billet is pushed toward Press down until it is extruded from the bottom of the first die hole 1 to form the first workpiece, that is, the bimetal tube blank.

实施例2Example 2

如图2和图4所示，一种双金属管坯的制备方法及其制备模具，包括双金属管坯正挤压制备工艺和双金属管坯反挤压制备工艺，所述双金属管坯正挤压制备工艺用于管状胚料制备双金属管，所述双金属管坯反挤压制备工艺用于板状胚料制备双金属管。As shown in Figures 2 and 4, a method for preparing a bimetallic billet and its preparation mold include a bimetallic billet forward extrusion preparation process and a bimetallic billet reverse extrusion preparation process, the bimetallic billet The forward extrusion preparation process is used to prepare the bimetallic pipe from the tubular billet, and the reverse extrusion preparation process of the bimetallic pipe billet is used to prepare the bimetallic pipe from the plate billet.

所述双金属管坯反挤压制备工艺具体步骤如下：The specific steps of the bimetallic tube billet reverse extrusion preparation process are as follows:

(一)、备料、初次处理：按双金属无缝管的要求选取两种金属的板坯，并对板胚进行预备热处理；(1) Material preparation and initial treatment: select two kinds of metal slabs according to the requirements of bimetallic seamless pipes, and perform preparatory heat treatment on the slabs;

(二)、板胚机加工：通过裁剪使两种金属板胚与反挤压模具尺寸匹配；(2) Machining of slabs: matching the size of the two metal slabs with the size of the back-extrusion die by cutting;

(三)、二次处理、压合：对两种金属板胚表面进行皮膜处理，再对两种金属板胚平叠的结合面进行皮膜去除，对皮膜去除后的两种金属板胚进行清洗后干燥，再将其叠合，得到叠合的板胚组件，在叠合的板胚组件与反挤压模具接触面进行润滑剂涂敷，并将叠合的板胚组件放入反挤压模具上的反挤压模腔内，实施反挤压加工，得到第二工件；(3), secondary treatment, pressing: the surface of the two metal slabs is treated with a film, and then the film is removed from the joint surface of the two metal slabs, and the two metal slabs are cleaned after the film is removed. After drying, they are stacked to obtain a stacked slab assembly, and lubricant is applied to the contact surface between the stacked slab assembly and the back extrusion die, and the stacked slab assembly is put into the back extrusion In the anti-extrusion die cavity on the mold, implement anti-extrusion processing to obtain the second workpiece;

(四)、裁剪(4), cutting

通过切割装置切割第二工件两端多余和不规范部分，得到标准的双金属管。The redundant and irregular parts at both ends of the second workpiece are cut by a cutting device to obtain a standard bimetallic pipe.

步骤(一)中预备热处理即对两种金属板胚进行退火处理，使两种金属板胚硬度降低，可塑性提升，直至两种金属板胚的硬度和塑形相一致。The preparatory heat treatment in step (1) is to anneal the two metal slabs, so that the hardness of the two metal slabs is reduced and the plasticity is improved until the hardness and shape of the two metal slabs are consistent.

所述步骤(三)中反挤压模具包括反挤压凹模8和反挤压凸模11，反挤压凹模8中心处设置有第二加强模9，第二加强模9中心处开设有第二凹模孔10，第二凹模孔10底部位于第二凹模孔10下方处嵌设有顶出模7，反挤压凸模11插接于第二凹模孔10上方。In the step (three), the back extrusion die comprises a back extrusion die 8 and a back extrusion punch 11, the center of the back extrusion die 8 is provided with a second reinforcement die 9, and the center of the second reinforcement die 9 is provided with a There is a second die hole 10 , the bottom of the second die hole 10 is located below the second die hole 10 and the ejector die 7 is embedded, and the reverse extrusion punch 11 is inserted above the second die hole 10 .

如图4所示，在双金属管坯反挤压制备工艺的压合过程中，叠合的板胚组件设置于第二凸膜孔10内部下方，当反挤压凸模8下压时，设置于反挤压凸模11下方叠合的板胚组件从反挤压凸模11边缘向上挤处，直至其形成套接于反挤压凸模11下方的第二工件，即双金属管坯。As shown in Figure 4, during the pressing process of the bimetallic tube billet reverse extrusion preparation process, the superimposed slab assembly is arranged below the inside of the second convex film hole 10, when the reverse extrusion punch 8 is pressed down, The stacked slab assembly placed under the reverse extrusion punch 11 is pushed upward from the edge of the reverse extrusion punch 11 until it forms a second workpiece that is sleeved under the reverse extrusion punch 11, that is, a bimetal tube blank .

本发明实施例1和实施例2中两种金属相互压合焊接的原理均是：对两种金属的接触界面施加足够的高压，使两种金属的表面距离接近和达到金属原子的空间距离时，金属界面两边的金属原子会相互越过界面(扩散)并形成新的金属键(冷焊)，最终使两块金属联接成一体，这个两种金属在高压下相互焊合的现象称为“扩散焊接”。The principle of the mutual pressure welding of the two metals in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present invention is: apply sufficient high pressure to the contact interface of the two metals, so that the surface distance of the two metals is close to and reaches the spatial distance of the metal atoms , the metal atoms on both sides of the metal interface will cross the interface (diffusion) and form a new metal bond (cold welding), and finally connect the two metals into one. This phenomenon of two metals welding each other under high pressure is called "diffusion welding".

本发明利金属冷挤压过程中产生的高压力和大变形量，使两种金属的接触界面延伸扩展，金属表面原有的氧化膜被拉长致破碎，露出新鲜的金属表面，两种未经氧化的原子态的金属表面在冷挤压高压下穿过接触界面相互扩散并形成原子键(冷焊)，而破碎的金属氧化膜在冷挤压高压和变形温度的影响下形成一块块独立的孤岛，被呈原子接触的冷焊面包围，形成可靠的双金属管。The invention utilizes the high pressure and large deformation produced in the metal cold extrusion process to extend the contact interface of the two metals, and the original oxide film on the metal surface is elongated and broken, exposing the fresh metal surface. The oxidized atomic metal surface diffuses through the contact interface under cold extrusion high pressure and forms atomic bonds (cold welding), while the broken metal oxide film forms a piece of independent under the influence of cold extrusion high pressure and deformation temperature. The isolated islands, surrounded by cold welded surfaces in atomic contact, form reliable bimetallic tubes.

以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. What are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have Variations and improvements are possible, which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of preparation method of bimetallic pipe billet and its preparing mold, including bimetallic pipe billet forward extrusion preparation process and double gold Belong to pipe backward extrusion preparation process, which is characterized in that the bimetallic pipe billet forward extrusion preparation process is prepared for tubular blank Bimetal tube, the bimetallic pipe billet backward extrusion preparation process prepare bimetal tube for plate embryo material.
2. a kind of preparation method of bimetallic pipe billet according to claim 1 and its preparing mold, it is characterised in that: described Specific step is as follows by bimetallic pipe billet forward extrusion preparation process:
(S1), stock, first processing
(S1.1), inner and outer tubes embryo material is chosen according to the material requirements of bimetallic seamless pipe；
(S1.2), conditioning treatment is carried out to inner and outer tubes embryo material；
(S2), secondary treatment, pressing
(S2.1), surface skin film process is implemented to the inner and outer tubes embryo material after conditioning treatment；
(S2.2), epithelium removal is carried out to inner and outer tubes embryo material intussusception faying face；
(S2.3), cleaning is implemented to the inner and outer tubes embryo material after epithelium removal, and is dried；
(S2.4), forging lubricant is applied on inner and outer tubes embryo material and forward extrusion mould contact surface, it will be in inner and outer tubes Embryo material is installed on forward extrusion mould；
(S2.5), forward extrusion mould is opened, the first workpiece is obtained；
(S3), it cuts
The extra and lack of standardization part in the first workpiece both ends is cut by cutter device, obtains the bimetal tube of standard.
3. a kind of preparation method of bimetallic pipe billet according to claim 1 and its preparing mold, it is characterised in that: described Specific step is as follows by bimetallic pipe billet backward extrusion preparation process:
(1), stock, first processing: being chosen the slab of two kinds of metals by the requirement of bimetallic seamless pipe, and is carried out to plate embryo pre- Standby heat treatment；
(2), plate embryo machines: matching two kinds of metal plate embryos with indirect-extrusion mould size by cutting；
(3), secondary treatment, pressing: carrying out epithelium processing to two kinds of metal plate embryo surfaces, then flat folded to two kinds of metal plate embryos Faying face carries out epithelium removal, dry after cleaning to two kinds of metal plate embryos after epithelium removal, then is overlapped, and is folded The plate embryo component of conjunction is lubricated agent coating in the plate embryo component and indirect-extrusion mould contact surface of overlapping, and by the plate embryo of overlapping It is intracavitary that component is put into the backward extruding die on indirect-extrusion mould, implements backward extrusion processing, obtains second workpiece；
(4), it cuts
The extra and lack of standardization part in second workpiece both ends is cut by cutter device, obtains the bimetal tube of standard.
4. according to a kind of preparation method of any bimetallic pipe billet of claim 2 and its preparing mold, it is characterised in that: Conditioning treatment makes annealing treatment inner and outer tubes embryo material in the step (S1.2), makes inner and outer tubes embryo material hardness It reduces, plasticity is promoted, until the hardness of inner and outer tubes embryo material and moulding are consistent.
5. a kind of preparation method of bimetallic pipe billet according to claim 3 and its preparing mold, it is characterised in that: described Conditioning treatment makes annealing treatment two kinds of metal plate embryos in step (1), reduces by two kinds of metal plate embryo hardness, plastic Property promoted, until the hardness of two kinds of metal plate embryos and moulding are consistent.
6. a kind of preparation method of bimetallic pipe billet according to claim 2 and its preparing mold, it is characterised in that: described Using through extrusion technique in bimetallic pipe billet forward extrusion preparation process.
7. a kind of preparation method of bimetallic pipe billet according to claim 2 and its preparing mold, it is characterised in that: described Forward extrusion mould includes forward extrusion cavity plate (2) and forward extruding male mould (5), forward extrusion cavity plate (2) center in step (S2.4) Place is provided with the first reinforcement mould (3), and first reinforcement offers the first die hole (1) at mould (3) center, and the forward extrusion is convex Mould (5) includes main part (4) and the strengthening core (6) that is set at the main part (4) center, forward extruding male mould (5) bottom Portion is plugged in first die hole (1).
8. a kind of preparation method of bimetallic pipe billet according to claim 3 and its preparing mold, it is characterised in that: described Indirect-extrusion mould includes extrusion female mould (8) and Back Extrusion Punches (11) in step (3), at extrusion female mould (8) center It is provided with the second reinforcement mould (9), second reinforcement offers the second die hole (10) at mould (9) center, second cavity plate Hole (10) bottom is embedded with ejection mould (7), Back Extrusion Punches (11) grafting at being located at below second die hole (10) Above second die hole (10).
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