CN110352995A - A kind of botanical agent for controlling ginger root-knot nematode - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of botanical agents, in particular to a botanical agent for preventing and treating ginger root knot nematode disease. , 8-20 parts of garlic, 15-25 parts of rotenone, 10-16 parts of banyan root, 7-11 parts of Ailanthus, 6-16 parts of hellebore, 16-24 parts of matrine, 10-16 parts of tobacco leaves, gentian 15-25 parts of grass, 10-16 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 20-24 parts of neem, 10-20 parts of betel nut and 5-7 parts of soil ash. The botanical medicament of the invention is rich in a variety of insecticidal components, and the effective components act synergistically with each other, effectively control the root-knot nematode through different action mechanisms, and significantly improve the insect control effect; it is also rich in nutrient elements required for plant growth , can promote the robust growth of plants and improve crop disease resistance.

Description

A kind of botanical agent for controlling ginger root-knot nematode

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of phytochemicals, in particular to a phytochemical for preventing and treating ginger root-knot nematode disease.

Background technique

Ginger root-knot nematode disease, commonly known as ginger leprosy and ginger scale, is a nematode disease that cannot be seen with the naked eye. The root system makes the fibrous root and fleshy root of ginger thicker and shorter, the fleshy root produces nodule disease, and the base of the mother ginger appears wrinkled and protruding nodule. . Due to the damage to the roots, the absorption function of ginger is affected, which causes the plant to show adverse symptoms such as slow growth, small leaves, and short stems. In recent years, with the continuous cropping of ginger and the expansion of the planting area, the root-knot nematode disease of ginger has a trend of aggravating damage and expanding and spreading, becoming the second largest ginger disease after ginger blast, which seriously affects the quality and high yield of ginger. have a greater impact on economic benefits.

At present, in terms of agricultural pest control, chemical control is the most important control measure, but when chemical pesticides are used to control pests, it is easy to produce high pesticide residues in crops, which will affect people's health; After chemical pesticides are used, some pesticides will drip into the soil, and then enter the ground to pollute the groundwater sources and aggravate environmental pollution.

The information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a plant agent for preventing and treating ginger root-knot nematode disease, which can effectively prevent and control ginger root-knot nematode disease, has no pollution to the environment, and is an environment-friendly green agent.

For achieving the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A botanical agent for preventing and treating ginger root-knot nematode disease, wherein the raw material of the botanical agent is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 8-16 parts of tea, 7-21 parts of ginger, 8-20 parts of garlic, and 15-15 parts of rotenone. 25 parts, 10-16 parts of banyan root, 7-11 parts of Ailanthus sinensis, 6-16 parts of hellebore, 16-24 parts of matrine, 10-16 parts of tobacco leaves, 15-25 parts of gentian, 10-16 parts of Chinese prickly ash 20-24 parts of neem, 10-20 parts of betel nut and 5-7 parts of soil ash.

Preferably, the raw material of the botanical agent is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 12 parts of tea, 14 parts of ginger, 14 parts of garlic, 20 parts of rotenone, 13 parts of ficus root, 9 parts of Ailanthus sinensis, 11 parts of hellebore, 20 parts of matrine, 13 parts of tobacco leaves, 20 parts of gentian, 13 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 22 parts of neem, 15 parts of betel nut and 6 parts of soil ash.

The present invention also provides a method for preparing a phytochemical for controlling ginger root-knot nematode disease, and the method for preparing the phytochemical comprises the following steps:

S1. take each raw material component by weight proportioning, dry each raw material component to moisture content to be 5-7wt%, pulverize 45-60 mesh sieves, obtain traditional Chinese medicine powder;

S2. adding an extractant to the traditional Chinese medicine powder, adding it into an extraction kettle after mixing evenly, and carrying out CO ₂ supercritical extraction to obtain an extract; centrifuging the extract to remove impurities, and recovering the extractant to obtain an active ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine;

S3. Add microbial inoculants to the active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine, and after mixing evenly, carry out aerobic fermentation for 10-16 days, then carry out anaerobic fermentation for 25-30 days, and filter after fermentation to obtain primary fermentation product;

S4. The primary fermented product is placed in a greenhouse to continue fermentation for 45-60 d, and after the fermentation is completed, filtration is performed to obtain a plant medicine.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine powder and the extraction agent in S2 is 1:0.04-0.08; the extraction agent is petroleum ether.

Preferably, the pressure of the CO ₂ supercritical extraction in S2 is 35-40Mpa, the extraction temperature is 45-55°C, the extraction time is 160-210min, and the flow rate of the CO ₂ fluid is 15-22kg/h.

Preferably, the mass of the effective components of the traditional Chinese medicine and the microbial inoculum in S3 is 1:0.3-0.5; the microbial inoculum is an EM inoculum.

Preferably, the temperature is maintained at 48-50°C during aerobic fermentation in S3, the dimension is maintained at 35-38°C during anaerobic fermentation; and the temperature is maintained at 26-28°C during fermentation in S4.

The present invention also provides the using method of the described ginger root-knot nematode plant medicament, comprising the following steps:

(1) ginger seed treatment: ginger seed is immersed in 250-350 times of botanical agents for disinfection 10-12min;

(2) Planting ditch treatment: spray the planting ditch with 400-600 times the liquid of the plant agent until it is moist.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The invention screens a variety of traditional Chinese medicine raw materials, effectively extracts the effective components thereof through CO ₂ supercritical extraction, and then performs secondary fermentation with microbial inoculants to prepare a new type of botanical medicine, which is rich in a variety of insecticidal components, and the difference between the effective components Mutual synergy, effectively control root-knot nematodes through different action mechanisms, significantly improve the insect control effect; also rich in nutrient elements required for plant growth, can promote the robust growth of plants, improve crop disease resistance; in addition, the botanical medicament of the present invention It is safe for non-target organisms and has low pesticide residues, which can reduce the pressure on the environment. It is an environmentally friendly green agent.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.

Example 1

A preparation method of a plant agent for preventing and treating root-knot nematode, comprising the following steps:

S1. Weigh by weight: 16g of tea, 21g of ginger, 20g of garlic, 25g of rotenone, 16g of banyan root, 11g of Ailanthus sinensis, 16g of veratrum, 24g of matrine, 16g of tobacco leaves, 25g of gentian, 16g of Chinese prickly ash, Neem 24g, betel nut 20g and soil ash 7g; and drying each raw material component to a moisture content of 5wt%, pulverized through a 45-mesh sieve to obtain traditional Chinese medicine powder;

S2. adding the extraction agent petroleum ether to the traditional Chinese medicine powder, adding it into the extraction kettle after mixing evenly, and carrying out _CO supercritical extraction to obtain an extract; centrifuging the extract to remove impurities, and recovering the extractant to obtain the active ingredient of the traditional Chinese medicine;

S3. adding the EM microbial inoculum to the active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine, and after mixing uniformly, firstly carry out aerobic fermentation for 10 days, then carry out anaerobic fermentation for 25 days, and filter after the fermentation to obtain primary fermentation product;

S4. place the primary fermented product in the greenhouse and continue to ferment for 45 d, and filter after the fermentation to obtain botanical medicament;

Wherein, the mass ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine powder and petroleum ether described in S2 is 1:0.04; the pressure of the _CO supercritical extraction is 35Mpa, the extraction temperature is 45 ℃, the extraction time is 160min, and the flow rate of the _CO fluid is 15kg/ h; The mass of the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine and EM inoculum in S3 is 1:0.3; in S3, the temperature is maintained at 48 °C during aerobic fermentation, and the dimension is maintained at 35 °C during anaerobic fermentation; in S4, the temperature is maintained at 26 °C °C.

Example 2

A preparation method of a plant agent for preventing and treating root-knot nematode, comprising the following steps:

S1. Weigh by weight: 12g of tea, 14g of ginger, 14g of garlic, 20g of rotenone, 13g of banyan root, 9g of Ailanthus sinensis, 11g of hellebore, 20g of matrine, 13g of tobacco leaves, 20g of gentian, 13g of Chinese prickly ash, Neem 22g, betel nut 15g and soil ash 6g; and drying each raw material component to a moisture content of 6wt%, pulverized through a 52-mesh sieve to obtain traditional Chinese medicine powder;

S2. adding the extraction agent petroleum ether to the traditional Chinese medicine powder, adding it into the extraction kettle after mixing evenly, and carrying out _CO supercritical extraction to obtain an extract; centrifuging the extract to remove impurities, and recovering the extractant to obtain the active ingredient of the traditional Chinese medicine;

S3. adding the EM microbial inoculum to the active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine, and after mixing evenly, firstly carry out aerobic fermentation for 13 days, then carry out anaerobic fermentation for 27 days, and filter after the fermentation to obtain the primary fermentation product;

S4. place the primary fermented product in the greenhouse and continue to ferment for 52 d, and filter after the fermentation to obtain botanical medicament;

Wherein, the mass ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine powder and petroleum ether described in S2 is 1:0.06; the pressure of the _CO2 supercritical extraction is 37Mpa, the extraction temperature is 50°C, the extraction time is 185min, and the flow rate of the _CO2 fluid is 18kg/ h; The mass of the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine and EM inoculum in S3 is 1:0.4; in S3, the temperature is maintained at 49 °C during aerobic fermentation, and the dimension is maintained at 37 °C during anaerobic fermentation; in S4, the temperature is maintained at 27 °C °C.

Example 3

A preparation method of a plant agent for preventing and treating root-knot nematode, comprising the following steps:

S1. Weigh by weight: 16g of tea, 21g of ginger, 20g of garlic, 25g of rotenone, 16g of banyan root, 11g of Ailanthus sinensis, 16g of veratrum, 24g of matrine, 16g of tobacco leaves, 25g of gentian, 16g of Chinese prickly ash, Neem 24g, betel nut 20g and soil ash 7g; and drying each raw material component to a moisture content of 7wt%, pulverized through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain traditional Chinese medicine powder;

S2. adding the extraction agent petroleum ether to the traditional Chinese medicine powder, adding it into the extraction kettle after mixing evenly, and carrying out CO ₂ supercritical extraction to obtain an extract; centrifuging the extract to remove impurities, and recovering the extractant to obtain the active ingredient of the traditional Chinese medicine;

S3. adding the EM microbial inoculum to the active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine, and after mixing evenly, firstly carry out aerobic fermentation for 16 days, then carry out anaerobic fermentation for 30 days, and filter after the fermentation to obtain the primary fermentation product;

S4. place the primary fermented product in the greenhouse and continue to ferment for 60 d, and filter after the fermentation to obtain botanical medicine;

Wherein, the mass ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine powder and petroleum ether described in S2 is 1:0.08; the pressure of the _CO2 supercritical extraction is 40Mpa, the extraction temperature is 55°C, the extraction time is 210min, and the flow rate of the _CO2 fluid is 22kg/ h; The mass of the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine and EM inoculum in S3 is 1:0.5; in S3, the temperature is maintained at 50 °C during aerobic fermentation, and the dimension is maintained at 38 °C during anaerobic fermentation; in S4, the temperature is maintained at 28 °C °C.

Comparative Example 1

The raw material components of the botanical agent are: ginger 21g, garlic 20g, rotenone 25g, banyan root 16g, Ailanthus 11g, veratrol 16g, matrine 24g, gentian grass 25g, prickly ash 16g, neem 24g, and soil ash 7g; Other operations were carried out according to Example 1.

Comparative Example 2

The raw material components of the botanical medicine are: 16g of tea, 20g of garlic, 25g of rotenone, 16g of banyan tree root, 16g of veratrum, 24g of matrine, 16g of tobacco leaves, 25g of gentian, 24g of neem, 20g of betel nut and 7g of soil ash ; Other operations were carried out according to Example 1.

Comparative Example 3

The raw material components of the botanical agent are: 16g of tea, 21g of ginger, 25g of rotenone, 16g of banyan tree root, 11g of Ailanthus sinensis, 24g of matrine, 16g of tobacco leaves, 25g of gentian, 16g of Chinese prickly ash, 20g of betel nut and 7g of soil ash; other The operation was carried out according to Example 1.

Comparative Example 4

The raw material components of the botanical medicine are: 16g of tea, 21g of ginger, 25g of rotenone, 16g of banyan tree root, 11g of Ailanthus sinensis, 16g of hellebore, 24g of matrine, 16g of tobacco leaves, 16g of prickly ash, 24g of neem and 7g of soil ash; other The operation was carried out according to Example 1.

Comparative Example 5

The raw material components of the botanical agent are: 16g of tea, 21g of ginger, 20g of garlic, 25g of rotenone, 11g of Ailanthus sinensis, 16g of veratrol, 24g of matrine, 16g of tobacco leaves, 25g of gentian, 16g of Chinese prickly ash, 24g of neem and betel nut 20g; other operations were carried out according to Example 1.

Field efficacy test

Experimental design: The experiment set up 9 experimental groups: study group 1, study group 2, study group 3, control group 1, control group 2, control group 3, control group 4, control group 5, and blank control group; among which, study group 1 The research group 3 was sprayed with the botanical agents prepared in Examples 1 to 3 respectively; the control group 1 to the control group 5 were sprayed with the botanical agents prepared in the Comparative Examples 1 to 5 respectively; the blank control group was sprayed with sterile water.

Test operation: Set up plots with the same ginger planting and management conditions, each plot is 2m ² , 1d before and 7d and 12d before application, soil samples were collected from five points around the ginger root with a soil auger, and the samples were taken. The depth was 15cm, 20g soil samples were taken from each point, and the funnel method was used to separate root-knot nematodes. The number of root-knot nematodes was counted with a magnifying glass, and the nematode reduction rate and control effect were calculated. The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

Nematode reduction rate (%) = [(number of live nematodes before application - number of live nematodes after application) ÷ number of live nematodes before application] × 100;

Control effect (%)=[(nematode reduction rate in treatment area-nematode reduction rate in blank control area)÷(100-nematode reduction rate in blank control area)]×100;

Table 1 Control effect of the phytochemicals for controlling root-knot nematode disease of the present invention

As can be seen from Table 1, the nematode reduction rate and the control effect of the embodiment of the present invention 1-3 are all significantly higher than each control group, illustrating that the plant medicament of the present invention can effectively prevent and control the ginger root knot nematode, thereby improving the output and quality of ginger .

The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many changes and modifications are possible in light of the above teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described for the purpose of explaining certain principles of the invention and their practical applications, to thereby enable one skilled in the art to make and utilize various exemplary embodiments and various different aspects of the invention. Choose and change. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of plant medical agent for preventing and treating ginger root knot nematode disease, which is characterized in that the raw material of the plant medical agent is by weight Count composed of the following components: 8-16 parts of tea seed cake, 7-21 parts of ginger, 8-20 parts of garlic, 15-25 parts of rotenone, 10-16 parts of banyan root, 7-11 parts of tree-of-heaven, 6-16 parts of black false hellebore, 16-24 parts of matrine, 10-16 parts of Tobacco Leaf, 15-25 parts of radix gentianae, 10-16 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 20-24 parts of margosa, 10-20 parts of betel nut and native 5-7 parts of ash.

2. the plant medical agent of prevention and treatment ginger root knot nematode disease according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the plant medical agent Raw material it is composed of the following components by weight: 12 parts of tea seed cake, 14 parts of ginger, 14 parts of garlic, 20 parts of rotenone, banyan root 13 Part, 9 parts of tree-of-heaven, 11 parts of black false hellebore, 20 parts of matrine, 13 parts of Tobacco Leaf, 20 parts of radix gentianae, 13 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 22 parts of margosa, betel nut 15 parts and 6 parts of soil ash.

3. the preparation method of prevention and treatment ginger root knot nematode disease plant medical agent according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that The following steps are included:

S1. meter weighs each raw material component by weight ratio, is 5-7wt% by each raw material component drying to moisture content, crushes 45-60 mesh is crossed, traditional Chinese medicine powder is obtained；

S2. extractant will be added in traditional Chinese medicine powder, be added in extraction kettle carry out CO after mixing₂Supercritical extract is extracted Object；Extract is centrifugated and removes impurity, recycling extractant obtains effective component of chinese medicine；

S3. microbial bacterial agent will be added in effective component of chinese medicine, first carry out 10-16d aerobic fermentation after mixing, then carry out The anaerobic fermentation of 25-30d filters after fermentation, obtains primary fermentation object；

S4. primary fermentation object is placed in a greenhouse and continues the 45-60d that ferments, filtered after fermentation, obtain plant medical agent.

4. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the mass ratio of traditional Chinese medicine powder described in S2 and extractant is 1:0.04-0.08；The extractant is petroleum ether.

5. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that CO described in S2₂The pressure of supercritical extract is 35- 40Mpa, extraction temperature are 45-55 DEG C, extraction time 160-210min, CO₂The flow of fluid is 15-22kg/h.

6. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that effective component of chinese medicine described in S3 and microbial bacterial agent Quality be 1:0.3-0.5；The microbial bacterial agent is EM bacteria agent.

7. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that maintain temperature at 48-50 DEG C when aerobic fermentation in S3, Maintain dimension at 35-38 DEG C when anaerobic fermentation；Maintain temperature at 26-28 DEG C when fermenting in S4.

8. according to claim 1 or 2 prevention and treatment ginger root knot nematode disease plant medical agents application method, which is characterized in that including with Lower step:

(1) ginger kind is handled: ginger kind being soaked in 250-350 times of liquid of plant medical agent and is sterilized 10-12min；

(2) kind planting ditch processing: with 400-600 times of liquid of plant medical agent sprinkling kind planting ditch to wet.