CN110541663A

CN110541663A - Building fresh air construction method

Info

Publication number: CN110541663A
Application number: CN201810527169.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄锦庆
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-05-29
Filing date: 2018-05-29
Publication date: 2019-12-06

Abstract

Building fresh air construction method. Namely, a building outer enclosure system and a fresh air system construction method. Establishing: 1, a method for constructing a peripheral protection system of a professional architecture; 2, a method for constructing a heating ventilation professional fresh air system. For item 1 above, a breakthrough to traditional ideas is crucial. Namely, the window integrating ventilation and lighting in the traditional sense is completely separated and separated in ventilation and lighting functions, and the ventilation, the return ventilation and the lighting are realized by corresponding structural modes respectively. The ventilation function is realized by an air opening, and the lighting function is realized by a grating; the rest of the entity of the building outer enclosure system follows the traditional construction mode, including the wall and the roof. For the 2 items, the key is that in various civil buildings, the construction mode of conveying fresh air by a mechanical positive pressure pipeline is thoroughly abandoned, and a system is simplified and replaced by a mechanical negative pressure (pipeline) exhaust system. The method according to item 1 above, for which sufficient and necessary air ports are provided on the periphery of the building envelope system.

Description

Building fresh air construction method

Technical Field

The building fresh air construction method, namely the construction method of the building outer enclosure system and the fresh air system, is a systematic and innovative construction design and engineering construction method.

Background

Break through the traditional concept

Human civilization evolves in the atmospheric space of the earth's surface, faces to the multiterminal nature of change, in order to maintain self safety and survival welfare, encloses a space from nature with "wall" and "roofing", is used for keeping out the wind and keeping out the rain, resists various nature infringements; meanwhile, a window is required to be arranged on a wall or a roof to ventilate and exchange air so as to meet physiological requirements. Before people enter an industrialized society, "windowing" is often a necessary technical means for meeting indoor lighting and sight requirements.

For hundreds of years, human beings use local materials and create colorful building forms. The "walls" and "roofs" are usually solid bodies with "windows" opened thereon to ventilate and exchange air, and even to meet the sight requirements, and gradually solidified into our cultural idea through long-term engineering practice. Namely, the wall and the roof are fixed and non-transparent solid bodies, and the requirements of ventilation, lighting and sight can be met only by opening windows. However, since the revolution of the human industry, new materials and construction methods have emerged. The wall body is like a glass curtain wall, and the roof is like a glass ceiling, so that the lighting can be realized, and the sight requirement can be met. The basic construction forms of such walls and roofs are: frame + glass plate. Thus, the ventilation and lighting functions of "fenestrations" in the conventional sense, and "lighting" is not required.

Crossing professional barriers

The indoor space separated by the building outer protective system is always necessary to ventilate and exchange air with the outside. Since the industrial revolution, the division of professions is increasingly delicate, and ventilation and air exchange of buildings are handled by two professions. An exterior enclosure system of a building designed by an architect usually windows on an exterior wall, and naturally ventilates by opening and closing a glass window sash; or, the openable transparent glass plate is arranged on various curtain walls to form indoor and outdoor natural ventilation. Under the condition of no natural ventilation or the condition of needing to carry out indoor full air conditioning, a heating ventilation mechanical engineer opens an air collecting opening on the building peripheral protection system and conveys fresh air indoors in a pipeline mechanical air supply mode. Therefore, the design and construction of the fresh air system seem to be perfectly solved by combining the strength of two professions.

However, as outdoor air pollution becomes more serious, the window sash is opened for natural ventilation, and pollutants come along; moreover, if the outdoor is in a steady weather state, natural ventilation cannot be realized. Then, the pipeline mechanical air supply mode of centralized air collection and purification conventionally used in engineering is possible at the initial stage of putting the building into use. Along with the lapse of time, more and more pollutants are gathered to the pipeline inner wall of carrying new trend, cause the secondary pollution of new trend system, and this kind of phenomenon is called pipeline air supply system's "cancer". In engineering technology, no solution is available at present. And the pipeline air supply system occupies most of the effective building space.

From the perspective of mechanical engineers, the way of sending fresh air to any place by pipelines is a simple and direct method; from the perspective of an architect, under the condition that natural ventilation cannot be achieved, the problem is solved by a heating ventilation mechanical engineer; therefore, the fatal problems existing in the fresh air system can be ignored.

The invention provides a systematic solution for the cross-professional problem. The method is suitable for architects and warming mechanical engineers, and aims to solve the problems of the indoor fresh air system of the building from the design source.

Disclosure of Invention

Building fresh air construction method, namely a building outer enclosure system and a fresh air system construction method.

Establishing: 1, building method of architecture professional building outer enclosure system

2, construction method of heating ventilation professional fresh air system

For any building, the method is free from the diversification of the form and the numerous and diverse internal use functions; for an exterior protection system of a building enclosing an internal space, three basic components, namely an entity unit, a lighting unit and a ventilation module, can be analyzed. The term "ventilation module" rather than "ventilation unit" refers to a relatively "physical unit" and "lighting unit" and, in most cases, has a smaller area.

Defining: w-building external enclosure system covering wall, roof, door and window openings

T-ventilation module, called tuyere for short, with the functions of rain-proof, ventilation, purification and air quantity regulation. The structure is usually three layers, namely a rain-proof ventilating shutter, an air purifying plate and an air quantity regulating measure

The U-lighting unit is called as a grating for short, and has the functions of lighting, sight line and light quantity adjustment. The structure is frameless three-layer (or double-layer) hollow glass, and the light quantity adjusting shutter or curtain is arranged in the hollow glass, the external shutter or the double-layer hollow glass is arranged in the hollow glass, and the light quantity adjusting shutter or curtain is arranged in the hollow glass

V-solid unit, corresponding to the opaque solid parts of wall and roof, with firm, durable, heat-insulating and heat-insulating performance. The structure of the building is that the traditional masonry is made of masonry, reinforced concrete is cast in place, and various composite walls and roofs are made of the reinforced concrete.

Then: w = T + U + V

Or: f (W) = F (T) + F (U) + F (V)

Various doors as an entrance can be understood as an openable structure of a solid part in the ventilation sense, and if the doors are normally closed, the airtight design is strengthened; if the door is a normally open door, the indoor and outdoor air communication is isolated by technical measures such as arrangement of an automatic door, a door hopper, addition of an air curtain machine and the like.

the method brings architectural speciality and an innovative construction method for the building outer enclosure system. Naturally results in: completely eliminates the technical method of taking the opening and closing of the transparent glass window sash as a ventilation means.

T, U and V can be combined randomly, such as:

T + U, constitutes a "window" in the conventional sense, but is fundamentally different from a "window" in the conventional sense. Because the T- - -tuyere and the U- - -grating are freely combined after being completely separated, the details are shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 9, FIG. 11, FIG. 12, FIG. 16, FIG. 17, FIG. 20 and FIG. 21; whereas the traditional "window" is: the frame and the glass are used for ventilation by opening and closing the additional window sash.

T + V, the "wind gap" can be combined with arbitrary vertical wall, and is totally separated with daylighting unit. See figure 16 for details.

U + V, forming various glass curtain walls and lighting ceilings; or on various physical walls. See fig. 25, 26, 27, 28 for details.

T, U, V fit any geometric form, and thus do not affect any form of creative of architects.

the invention is characterized in that the lighting and ventilation functions of the 'window' are thoroughly separated, the frameless glass unit is used for lighting, the independent air opening is used for ventilation, the material consumption is simplified, the joints on the traditional 'window' and 'wall' structure are greatly reduced, and the 'air tightness' of the building outer enclosure system is strengthened at the source of design. The precondition is created for energy conservation in the using process of the building.

The invention is also characterized by the series of construction measures focusing on the design of the 'tuyere' and the combination of the 'tuyere' with the lighting unit and the solid unit, as detailed in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 8, fig. 9, fig. 11, fig. 12, fig. 16, fig. 17, fig. 20, fig. 21.

The invention is also characterized by the fresh air flow organization within the building room. Because the structure of the air port has the functions of ventilation, rain resistance and purification, natural ventilation can be carried out as long as the outdoor air pressure difference exists; even in typhoon rain, sand storm or serious pollution state, the air is ventilated naturally as usual. If the outdoor is in a static weather state or the temperature difference between the indoor and the outdoor is large, the ventilation quantity needs to be controlled for indoor air conditioning, and mechanical ventilation is adopted, air is fed from air ports arranged on the periphery of a building peripheral protection system in a pipeline negative pressure air exhaust mode, unidirectional air flow is organized, and the unidirectional air flow is exhausted out of the room through a vertical pipe shaft or is directly exhausted out of the room at a proper distance from an air inlet. See fig. 7, fig. 10, fig. 15, fig. 18, fig. 19, fig. 22, fig. 23, fig. 24 in detail.

The present invention is also characterized by that it completely abandons the normal positive pressure pipeline air supply mode in existent building engineering, not only can completely eliminate secondary pollution resulted from pollutant accumulation due to long-term use of pipeline itself, but also can greatly reduce occupied effective space of building compared with air supply pipeline, so that it can correspondingly increase effective indoor use space and raise economic efficiency of building engineering.

The invention is also characterized in that the frame material of the grating is simplified, the ventilation pipeline system is simplified, and the effective utilization rate of the building space is improved. The air is fed from an air port distributed on an outer enclosure system of the building, unidirectional air flow is organized, and under most conditions, the unidirectional air flow is matched with the distribution of personnel in the indoor space of the building; people have a phototropic character and are usually always located in light along the perimeter of a building. Compared with the existing engineering practice, the construction use performance is greatly improved under the condition of reducing the construction cost to a certain extent.

The invention is based on the current mature industrial technology, in particular the wide use of transparent plate glass and electrically driven fans, and the air purification technology of passive filtration. The novelty lies in the simplification, integration and system optimization of various technical means.

The invention has practical significance in that the invention can be used for newly-built buildings and can also be used for reconstructing the existing buildings. The building can be naturally ventilated or mechanically ventilated indoors and outdoors in any changeable outdoor atmospheric state; moreover, the natural ventilation or the mechanical ventilation can be the purification ventilation; therefore, the influence of outdoor air pollution on indoor air quality is fundamentally solved, the problem of fresh air in the use process of a building is thoroughly solved, and the indoor comfort level is greatly increased. Meanwhile, the ventilation quantity of the forced mechanical ventilation is controllable, and the air tightness of the building peripheral protection system is enhanced, so that the energy consumption in the using process of the building is obviously reduced, and the super energy-saving building is created. And the energy consumption and production balance in the building use process is finally realized by combining with renewable energy sources, such as solar energy, wind energy power generation systems and the like.

The invention is suitable for all types of civil buildings which need to be internally air-conditioned and are used by personnel, such as houses, dormitories, education, medical treatment, offices, old-age care, hotels, sports, traffic, business, catering, theaters, halls and the like; it is also suitable for industrial buildings with a large number of people and needing air conditioning. Especially for places with dense personnel such as education and medical buildings, the invention fundamentally solves the problem of the influence of outdoor atmospheric pollution on the physical and mental health of students in schools such as schools and schools in a passive protection mode; the unidirectional inline airflow organization also minimizes cross-spread of viruses in hospitals. The fresh air flow organization is one-way direct-discharging outdoor, so the fresh air flow organization is not suitable for occasions of performing pipeline backflow recycling on indoor air in operating rooms, clean rooms and the like.

The invention is a fundamental systematic technical method for the buildings with sustainable trend, and is a fully optimized and extremely practical technical support. Whether a new building or the existing building is modified, the invention has the following values: simple, effective and instant.

The invention has general value for the world building engineering world, and is a building fresh air system creation method originally created by Chinese architects and originated in the world.

Drawings

FIG. 1- -sectional view of tuyere A

FIG. 2- -sectional view of tuyere

FIG. 3- -sectional view of tuyere III

FIG. 4- -sectional view of tuyere

FIG. 5- -tuyere sectional view V

FIG. 6- -sectional view of tuyere six

FIG. 7- -a plan view of a room

FIG. 8- -front elevation view

FIG. 9- -vertical face tuyere and grating combination

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view

FIG. 11-vertical face tuyere and grating combination II

FIG. 12- -vertical face tuyere and grating combination III

FIG. 13 is a detailed view of the structure of the tuyere and the grating plane

FIG. 14 is a detailed view of the sectional structure of the tuyere and the grating

FIG. 15- -a plan view of a typical dwelling unit

FIG. 16- -residential Unit elevation view

FIG. 17- -Back elevation view of a dwelling unit

FIG. 18-residential unit sectional view

FIG. 19- -a typical classroom plan view

Fig. 20-classroom front elevation

FIG. 21- -classroom back-up view

FIG. 22-classroom section view

FIG. 23- -a plan view of a typical hospital ward unit

FIG. 24- -A plan view of a typical hospital clinic unit

FIG. 25 is a sectional view of the prefabricated curtain wall unit with a strip tuyere embedded therein

FIG. 26 is a sectional view of a prefabricated curtain wall unit, in which a plate and a tuyere are combined

FIG. 27 is a sectional view of a prefabricated curtain wall unit, and a plate and a tuyere are combined

FIG. 28 is a schematic view of a unit type curtain wall, curtain wall units and tuyere assembly

And (4) index annotation:

1, Ventilation Module, abbreviated as "tuyere"

2, lighting unit, called grating for short "

Solid units, solid non-transparent walls or roofs

10, metal blade

11, wind and rain permeable structure formed by stamping and folding metal plate

11a, piercing

11b, strip punch

12, air purification plate

12a, pressure strip of purification plate

13, air quantity and wind direction adjusting blade

14, wood or plastic frame

15, metal section bar frame

16, ventilating and rain-proof metal grid

17, mosquito-proof stainless steel wire net

18 perforated metal plate and mosquito net

19, solid material perforated plate

21, three-layer hollow glass

22, anti-corrosion batten

30, embedded strip tuyere

31, metallic lateral support member

32, metal vertical supporting member

41, exhaust pipe

42, exhaust fan

43 air outlet

44, vertical exhaust duct

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

For the entity unit 3, the lighting unit 2 and the ventilation module 1 which form any building outer enclosure system, the current engineering practice is quite mature for the structure of the entity unit 3, such as a wall body and a roof; meanwhile, due to the large-scale wide application of the plate glass, the lighting unit 2 is of a double-layer glass hollow structure or a triple-layer glass hollow structure, and is also mature. The ventilation module is used as an independent construction unit of an outer enclosure system of a building, and is the most remarkable characteristic of the invention. The invention therefore focuses on the specific constructional measures of the ventilation module, i.e. the tuyere 1. Fig. 1 to 6 show several most basic construction modes of the tuyere, particularly for the wind-permeable and rain-proof construction at the outermost side of the tuyere.

In fig. 1, the tuyere structure thickness is equal to the corresponding wall thickness, the outer wind and rain permeable structure 11 is formed by folding a metal plate, and the outermost layer is perforated with holes 11a for primarily blocking rainwater; a strip-shaped notch 11b is punched on the inner side, so that raindrops are completely blocked, and meanwhile, air flow can pass through; the metal frame can be fixedly connected with a wall body and can be additionally provided so as to be opened when necessary; referred to as the "outer fan" of the tuyere. The inner side wooden frame 14 is embedded with a purification plate 12 and an air quantity and wind direction adjusting blade 13, and the whole wooden frame can be opened and is called as an inner fan of an air port; when opened, the ventilation can be natural, and when closed, the ventilation can be purified. Fig. 2 shows the outer wind and rain permeable structure as a metal sheet grid 16, and the inner side is attached with a mosquito net 17, as in fig. 1. Fig. 3, the outside weather-resistant construction is a metal perforated plate 18, with a solid material perforated plate 19 superimposed, as in fig. 1. Fig. 4, the outside is made into a solid material perforated plate 19 through ventilation and rain prevention, and the inside is attached with a mosquito net 17, and the rest is the same as fig. 1. Fig. 5 shows the structure of the outer side of the wind and rain permeable screen as a metal shutter and the inner side of the wind and rain permeable screen as an additional mosquito net, and the rest is the same as fig. 1. Fig. 6 shows an integrated ventilation, rain-proof, purification and air volume regulation structure, which has triple functions embedded in a metal section frame, wherein an inner fan can be opened and closed, and an outer fan can be opened and closed if necessary, and is usually fixed.

Fig. 7, fig. 8, fig. 9, fig. 10, fig. 11, fig. 12, fig. 13, and fig. 14 illustrate the features of the present invention in a single room structure. Fig. 8, fig. 9, fig. 11 and fig. 12 show various combinations of air ports and light barriers, and fig. 7 and fig. 11 show the arrangement of the mechanical air exhaust system of the room. Fig. 13 and 14 illustrate the structure of the tuyere, the grating and the solid unit in detail. The fresh air in the room is obtained in two modes, namely natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation, and the natural ventilation and the mechanical ventilation can be both purification ventilation. The air port is ventilated and rain-proof, so that the air port inner fan can be started to ventilate naturally indoors in any changeable outdoor atmospheric environment; when the outside atmosphere is in a steady weather state, the mechanical ventilation can be realized; when the outside air is polluted, the inner fan of the tuyere can be closed to purify and ventilate. The outer fan of the air opening is usually fixedly locked, so that the building outer protective system is usually not in an outward opening structure, and the safety of personnel in a building space is greatly enhanced. The tuyere structure and the fresh air system are particularly suitable for a cave dwelling in the soil building in the north.

The present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments thereof, particularly with reference to a large number of residences, and a large number of schools and hospitals with high concentration of people.

Fig. 15, 16, 17, 18 illustrate a typical dwelling unit enclosure system configuration, and fresh air system embodiment. The outer enclosure system is composed of an entity unit 3, a lighting unit 2 and a ventilation module 1, and the area of the ventilation module 1 is approximately equal to the area occupied by a window frame in the existing building. Because the grating 2 does not use frame materials, the use of materials is greatly reduced; meanwhile, seams are always formed between different materials, so that the seams of the lighting unit 2 are correspondingly greatly reduced.

As with the above-described one room, a residential unit consisting of a plurality of rooms, the fresh air acquisition can also be natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation; and similarly, the air can be purified and ventilated under the states of natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation. Of course, in the purification ventilation, the purification plate of the tuyere has a blocking effect on the wind pressure, and usually needs to assist the proper mechanical ventilation. In fact, in the daily use process of the residential unit, the air exhaust of the kitchen and the toilet is naturally carried out from the air inlets of other rooms if the air inlets of the kitchen and the toilet are closed. As a residence using units, a pipeline centralized exhaust system can be arranged; at the same time, each room can also be provided with its own separate exhaust system.

Fig. 19, 20, 21 and 22 show a typical single-sided corridor classroom, the lighting unit 2 meets the indoor natural lighting requirement, and the ventilation module 1 can be arranged vertically or horizontally. In a natural ventilation state, the inner fans of the ventilation modules 1 on the two sides of the classroom are opened; when the external wind pressure is too small to naturally ventilate, the mechanical ventilation is opened, and the air is exhausted out of the room through the air outlet 43 at the rear part of the classroom and the exhaust pipe 41 and driven by the fan 42 hung outside the room. When the outside air is polluted, the air port inner fan is closed, so that all the air entering the room is purified; unless the outdoor wind pressure is large enough, auxiliary machinery is usually needed to exhaust the turbid air used by indoor personnel out of the room. Therefore, the influence of outdoor atmospheric pollution on the physical and mental health of the teenagers is solved in a passive protection mode at the source of building engineering construction.

Under the condition of indoor heating or refrigeration, the building external maintenance system is in a relatively closed state, the air inlet inner fan is closed, and fresh air is introduced mainly by means of mechanical ventilation, so that the fresh air quantity is controllable, namely, the energy taken away by the ventilation system is controllable, and necessary conditions are created for energy conservation in the using process of the building; this is, of course, a prerequisite for meeting the minimum physiological needs of the user in the room.

The indoor airflow is organized, and in the mechanical ventilation state, fresh air is introduced from two sides of a classroom and exhausted from an air outlet at the rear part of the classroom. Of course, the air flow from one side of the classroom to the other side can be organized by appropriate air duct arrangements in the room, even through the floor-embedded air outlet. To multi-storey buildings, can set up vertical exhaust airway, pass through vertical exhaust airway with the classroom that vertical corresponds and exhaust. For the middle walkway, the two sides are the architectural plane layout of the classroom, and the vertical air exhaust shaft can be arranged by the inner walkway to organize the air exhaust, which are all the conventions of engineering construction and are not listed.

Fig. 23 and 24 show a typical hospital department and clinic layout. The nursing unit of the living department exhausts air mechanically through the toilet and also exhausts air intensively through the air pipe 41 of the middle walkway. Thus, no air supply duct is needed, and as for air conditioning, only the cold and heat medium pipelines are laid to each room, and the tail end fan coil is used for heat exchange, which is the same as that of the clinic.

The clinic rooms of the clinic department exhaust air intensively through the pipeline 41 of the middle passage, and in the mechanical exhaust state, the air flow always enters from the air port 1 of the peripheral protection system, passes through doctors and patients, passes through the air outlet on the inner wall, passes through the air exhaust pipe 41, and is exhausted out of the room through the vertical air exhaust duct 44. Naturally, the ventilation can only be convection from the two consulting rooms through the middle passage.

Similarly, natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation can be in a purification ventilation state, so that the building is in a full-space purification state, and the influence of atmospheric pollution on the public places with dense personnel is fundamentally solved. The only consumable is that the purification plate of the tuyere 1 of the outer enclosing system needs to be replaced irregularly.

Fig. 25, fig. 26, fig. 27, and fig. 28 are conceptual analyses of how to combine the tuyere of the present invention with a curtain wall system commonly used in public buildings. Modern curtain wall systems are all in a construction mode of 'frame + composite board fast'. According to different industrial splicing degrees, the curtain wall generally has two systems, namely an assembly type and a unit type. Fig. 25 shows that for a fabricated curtain wall, it is sufficient to insert appropriately designed strip tuyeres 30 in the metal vertical support elements 32. This is the arrangement of the strip tuyeres 30 where the architect seeks an extremely pure form and the peripheral protection system only allows for narrow panel splices. Fig. 26, 27, illustrate that in the case of building designs allowing insertion of the tuyere in a panel of curtain walls, the tuyere can be inserted vertically or horizontally in the panel. FIG. 28 is a schematic view of a unitized curtain wall with bar tuyeres 30 inserted at the unit seams; if the air ports are arranged in the upper plate and the lower plate of the curtain wall unit in consideration of building design, the method is simpler and easier.

It is particularly pointed out that, above all, the invention is based on technology integration and system optimization performed by today's mature industrial technology. The novelty lies in breaking through the traditional concept and crossing the professional barriers. Focusing on the design of the air port, and mutually combining the air port, the optical grating and the entity unit when forming a maintenance system outside the building. Based on evaluation indexes such as function, form, material, performance, beauty and the like, the tuyere can derive various forms, some basic forms of the tuyere are provided, but the inventor claims priority to the various forms of the potential tuyere in subsequent patent development.

Secondly, based on the principle of system compactness, in the structure of the tuyere, the methods of electrostatic dust removal, water curtain dust removal, activated carbon adsorption and the like which are commonly used in the industrial technology are not adopted, and the tuyere can be used in places with special requirements, the structural thickness of the tuyere is equal to that of a wall body, and is usually not less than 200mm, so that enough space is provided for constructing various special applications.

Finally, the regional characteristics of the building are particularly emphasized, and the corresponding peripheral protection system structure, particularly the specific structure mode of the air opening, is developed according to natural conditions and atmospheric changes of different geographic positions. For example, in hot and rainy areas in the south of China, typhoon and rain can be dealt with; in dry and windy areas in the north, sand storms are dealt with; in areas with cold winter and hot summer in Yangtze river basin, how to construct air ports and gratings is the key point of the next research and development.

Claims

1. Chen's fresh air construction method, namely the construction method of the building outer enclosure system and the fresh air system; the method is characterized in that: the ventilation and lighting functions of windows in the traditional building outer enclosure system are thoroughly separated, and air ports and gratings are respectively replaced on the specific structure; the 'air port' has triple functions of ventilation, rain resistance, air purification and air volume adjustment; "tuyeres" are generally equivalent in construction thickness to walls; the specific construction is shown in detail in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 25-26, fig. 27, fig. 28; the grating has the functions of lighting, sight line and light inlet quantity regulation; the structure is double-layer or three-layer frameless transparent glass, and the built-in, external and built-in dimming shutters or curtains; see fig. 13, 14 for details.

2. The method is different from the traditional centralized air port wind collection and the mode of sending fresh air by a positive pressure pipeline; building indoor fresh air is supplied by air openings around a building peripheral protection system, indoor unidirectional air flow is organized in a negative pressure pipeline air exhaust mode, and the indoor unidirectional air flow is directly discharged to the outside; meanwhile, the traditional natural ventilation mode is compatible.

The grating can be combined with the solid part to form a part of a wall in the traditional sense, such as various curtain walls; can also be combined with the 'tuyere' to become a part of the 'window' in the traditional sense; furthermore, the transparent glass used as the "grating" is frameless, fixed, and only when a large area of the glass pane is divided, structural support members are added.