CN111138112B - Natural stone imitation layer, photovoltaic building material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Natural stone imitation layer, photovoltaic building material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111138112B CN111138112B CN201811302067.5A CN201811302067A CN111138112B CN 111138112 B CN111138112 B CN 111138112B CN 201811302067 A CN201811302067 A CN 201811302067A CN 111138112 B CN111138112 B CN 111138112B
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- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc oxide Inorganic materials [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 dodecyl alcohol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000243321 Cnidaria Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052957 realgar Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-4,5,6-trimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)[C@@H](COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)O[C@@H]2COC)OC)O[C@@H]1COC LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead chromate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011044 quartzite Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005002 finish coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003340 mental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003278 mimic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/06—Acrylates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/08—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete; of glass or with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass
- E04F15/082—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete; of glass or with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass in combination with a lower layer of other material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
- H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
- H02S20/26—Building materials integrated with PV modules, e.g. façade elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/80—Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F71/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices covered by this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/54—Substitutes for natural stone, artistic materials or the like
- C04B2111/542—Artificial natural stone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/54—Substitutes for natural stone, artistic materials or the like
- C04B2111/542—Artificial natural stone
- C04B2111/545—Artificial marble
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于光伏建筑一体化技术领域，涉及一种仿天然石材层、光伏建材及其制备方法。一种仿天然石材层，仿天然石材层的原料包括仿天然石材浆料，其中，按重量比计，所述仿天然石材浆料包括丙烯酸树脂20～40份，天然细砂50～65份，填料20～40份，成膜助剂3～10份，纳米氧化铝3～5份，纳米氧化锌4～6份，水80～130份，纤维素3～8份，流平剂0.3～2份，消泡剂0.5～2份，水性增稠剂0.5～1.2份，无机颜料0.1～1份。本发明制备的仿天然石材层，具有较强的致密性和抗腐蚀性，因此，其能将被保护的材料与外界的腐蚀性物质很好的隔离开；这种仿天然石材层硬度不低于5H，达到了常规建材所需的硬度。
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic building integration, and relates to an imitation natural stone layer, a photovoltaic building material and a preparation method thereof. An imitation natural stone layer, the raw material of the imitation natural stone layer comprises an imitation natural stone slurry, wherein, in terms of weight ratio, the imitation natural stone slurry comprises 20-40 parts of acrylic resin, 50-65 parts of natural fine sand, 20-40 parts of fillers, 3-10 parts of film-forming aids, 3-5 parts of nano-alumina, 4-6 parts of nano-zinc oxide, 80-130 parts of water, 3-8 parts of cellulose, 0.3-2 parts of leveling agent parts, 0.5-2 parts of defoamer, 0.5-1.2 parts of water-based thickener, and 0.1-1 part of inorganic pigment. The imitation natural stone layer prepared by the invention has strong compactness and corrosion resistance, so it can well isolate the protected material from external corrosive substances; the hardness of the imitation natural stone layer is not low. At 5H, the hardness required for conventional building materials is reached.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building integration, in particular to a natural stone imitation layer, a photovoltaic building material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Three basic elements of the building include: building functions, building techniques and building images. The building image requires that the building must conform to general aesthetic laws to provide mental enjoyment. At present, a photovoltaic module adopted in the field of Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) generally presents dark blue, gray and black, is not attractive in color, is difficult to be highly fused with a building, and cannot meet the requirement of the building on aesthetics. On the other hand, natural stones such as marble, granite, etc. are widely used in high-grade exterior wall decoration projects due to their characteristics of good durability and excellent decoration and protection effects. However, natural stone is brittle, has poor uniformity and repeatability, and has high mining and transportation costs, and thus, the natural stone substitute, i.e., the imitated natural stone is widely used. Among them, the natural stone-like paint and coating have gained more and more acceptance by many people due to their good appearance and quality and excellent decorative effect.
If the photovoltaic module is combined with the natural-like stone coating, a photovoltaic building material which has a power generation function and good decoration performance can be obtained. There are few products that combine photovoltaic modules with coatings that mimic natural stone, and such products need to consider several of these issues during development: 1) the coating generally exhibits a certain color and is less transparent, so the number of photons penetrating the coating into the solar cell is also less. For a solar cell, the more the number of absorbed photons entering the cell, the higher the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell; the smaller the number of photons absorbed into the battery, the lower the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery. Preparing a layer of coating for architectural decoration on the surface of the solar cell can greatly reduce the conversion efficiency of the cell; 2) the coating prepared on the surface needs to consider the adhesive force between the coating and the solar cell layer besides fire resistance, water resistance, acid and alkali resistance and decoration, and if the adhesive force between the coating and the solar cell layer is weak, the coating can fall off the solar cell layer in an outdoor environment, so that the solar cell is corroded by the outside, the service life of the cell is greatly shortened, and the electricity safety of a wall body is influenced; 3) most of the paints and decorative paints used in the past are oil paints, mainly composed of organic matters, including toluene, xylene, formaldehyde and the like which are unfavorable for human health, and water-based finish coatings which are friendly to human bodies become the subject of discussion of related practitioners with the release of environmental protection policies and the attention of people on health.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a natural stone imitation layer, a photovoltaic building material and a preparation method thereof. The coating with the imitated natural stone surface is combined with the current new energy solar cell, the coating which is environment-friendly and human-friendly can be obtained by effectively controlling the formula of the coating, and the coating and the solar cell have better bonding force. The transmittance of the natural stone-like coating is not less than 40% by controlling the thickness of the coating, and higher battery conversion efficiency is obtained on the premise of obtaining better building texture.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a natural stone imitation layer, the raw material of which comprises natural stone imitation slurry,
the natural-simulated stone slurry comprises, by weight, 20-40 parts of acrylic resin, 50-65 parts of natural fine sand, 20-40 parts of a filler, 3-10 parts of a film-forming assistant, 3-5 parts of nano aluminum oxide, 4-6 parts of nano zinc oxide, 80-130 parts of water, 3-8 parts of cellulose, 0.3-2 parts of a leveling agent, 0.5-2 parts of an antifoaming agent, 0.5-1.2 parts of an aqueous thickening agent and 0.1-1 part of an inorganic pigment.
Preferably, the natural fine sand comprises one or more of quartz stone, granite, marble, calcite and white marble, the filler comprises one or more of lime, kaolin, talcum powder and titanium dioxide, the film-forming assistant comprises dodecyl alcohol ester, the leveling agent comprises diacetone alcohol and/or acrylic acid, the defoaming agent comprises one or more of emulsified silicone oil, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaerythritol ether and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene amine ether, the thickening agent comprises one or more of silica gel, methyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, the inorganic pigment comprises natural mineral pigment and/or artificial pigment, the natural mineral pigment comprises one or more of rock green, carbon black, mica, coral and realgar, and the artificial pigment comprises iron oxide red, iron oxide yellow, titanium dioxide, chrome yellow, One or more of iron blue.
Preferably, the thickness of the imitated natural stone layer is 0.01-5 mm.
Preferably, the natural stone-like layer has a weighted average transmittance of not less than 40% in a wavelength range of 300nm to 1300 nm.
Preferably, the natural stone-like layer has a weighted average transmittance of 50% to 95% in a wavelength range of 300nm to 1300 nm.
The invention provides a photovoltaic building material which comprises the natural stone imitation layer.
Preferably, the photovoltaic building material comprises a natural stone imitation layer 1, a solar cell layer 2 and a substrate layer 3 from top to bottom in sequence.
Preferably, the photovoltaic building material further comprises a water-based overcoat layer, which is positioned on the imitated natural stone layer.
Preferably, it is characterized in that the raw material of the aqueous overcoat comprises colloidal Silica (SiO)2·nH2O)。
The invention provides a preparation method of a photovoltaic building material, which comprises the following steps:
1) attaching the solar cell layer to the substrate layer, and leading out the anode and the cathode, or directly preparing the solar cell layer on the substrate layer, and leading out the anode and the cathode;
2) adding acrylic resin, cellulose, a film-forming assistant, nano aluminum oxide, nano zinc oxide, a flatting agent, a defoaming agent and an aqueous thickening agent into water in proportion, and stirring or ultrasonically oscillating; adding natural fine sand, filler and inorganic pigment, and stirring or ultrasonically oscillating to obtain the natural stone imitation slurry;
3) coating the natural stone imitation slurry obtained in the step 2) on the surface of the solar cell layer, curing to obtain a natural stone imitation layer, and coating a water-based cover coating to obtain the photovoltaic building material.
Preferably, the curing temperature in the step 3) is-20 ℃ to 50 ℃, and the curing time is 2.5h to 100 h.
Preferably, the natural-like stone paint obtained by the spray gun in the step 3) is sprayed on the surface of the solar cell layer.
Preferably, the solar cell layer and the substrate layer are well known in the art.
The natural stone imitation slurry prepared by the invention can show different stone imitation effects through different material proportions, and can meet diversified requirements of people.
The natural stone imitation layer prepared by the method has stronger compactness and corrosion resistance, so that the material to be protected can be well isolated from external corrosive substances; the hardness of the natural stone imitation layer is not lower than 5H, and the hardness required by the conventional building material is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) the solar cell and the imitated natural stone slurry are organically combined to prepare the photovoltaic building material, and the photovoltaic building material has a good power generation effect and strong decoration.
2) The natural-simulated stone layer is very thin, looks like the texture of natural stone, but has higher transmittance, and the conversion efficiency of the solar cell module is reduced little.
3) The natural stone-like layer of the invention has good stability and no color mixing phenomenon, and the color can be randomly stirred and mixed according to the requirement.
4) The prepared natural stone-like layer has no sagging phenomenon, has strong adhesive force with a solar cell layer, and has the advantages of no falling, no cracking and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic building material of the invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a natural stone imitation layer 2, a solar cell layer 3 and a basal layer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
Preparing a marble-imitated layer on the surface of the obtained solar cell, comprising the following steps of:
the preparation of the imitated marble slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of acrylic resin, 50 parts of natural fine sand, 25 parts of filler, 5 parts of film-forming additive, 3 parts of nano aluminum oxide, 4 parts of nano zinc oxide, 95 parts of water, 6 parts of cellulose, 1 part of flatting agent, 0.5 part of defoaming agent, 0.5 part of water-based thickener and 0.5 part of inorganic pigment.
The selected natural fine sand is a mixture of marble, calcite and white marble.
The selected filler is the mixture of lime and titanium dioxide.
The selected coalescing agent is a dodecanol ester.
The leveling agent is diacetone alcohol.
The selected defoamer is polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaerythritol ether.
The thickener is a mixture of silicone gel and methyl cellulose.
The selected inorganic pigment is a combination of coral and mica.
Adding acrylic resin, cellulose, a film-forming assistant, nano aluminum oxide, nano zinc oxide, a flatting agent, a defoaming agent and an aqueous thickening agent into water, and stirring to form slurry; adding natural fine sand, filler and inorganic pigment, and stirring uniformly for later use.
Spraying the prepared marble-imitated slurry on the surface of the solar cell layer by using a spray gun, curing at the temperature of minus 20 ℃ for 95 hours to prepare a marble-imitated layer, and finally coating a water-based cover coating to prepare the photovoltaic building material.
The thickness of the obtained marble-imitated layer is 2mm, the pencil hardness is 6H, the adhesive force is good, and the marble-imitated layer can automatically spread and be smooth after being coated.
The weight average transmittance of the obtained marble-like layer in the wavelength range of 300nm to 1300nm is 60 percent.
The conversion efficiency of the solar cell module without the coating is 15%, and the cell efficiency after the marble-imitated layer is prepared on the surface of the cell is 10%.
Example 2
Preparing a granite-like stratum on the surface of the obtained solar cell, comprising the following steps:
the preparation of the artificial granite slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of acrylic resin, 65 parts of natural fine sand, 40 parts of filler, 3 parts of film-forming additive, 5 parts of nano aluminum oxide, 6 parts of nano zinc oxide, 130 parts of water, 8 parts of cellulose, 0.5 part of flatting agent, 2 parts of defoaming agent, 1.0 part of water-based thickener and 0.1 part of inorganic pigment.
The selected fine sand is the mixture of quartz stone, granite and calcite.
The filler is the mixture of kaolin, talcum powder and titanium dioxide.
The selected coalescing agent is a dodecanol ester.
The leveling agent is selected to be acrylic acid.
The selected antifoaming agent is the mixture of emulsified silicone oil and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaerythritol ether.
The thickener selected was hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
The selected inorganic pigment is a combination of iron oxide red and iron oxide yellow.
Adding acrylic resin, cellulose, a film-forming assistant, nano aluminum oxide, nano zinc oxide, a flatting agent, a defoaming agent and an aqueous thickening agent into water, and stirring to form slurry; adding natural fine sand, filler and inorganic pigment, and stirring uniformly for later use.
Spraying the prepared natural stone imitation slurry on the surface of a solar cell layer by using a spray gun, curing at 50 ℃ for 2.5 hours to obtain a granite imitation layer, and finally coating a water-based cover coating to obtain the photovoltaic building material.
The coating thickness of the artificial granite is 0.4mm, the pencil hardness is 5H, the adhesive force is good, and the artificial granite is self-spread and smooth after coating.
The weighted average transmittance of the obtained granite-like rock layer in the wavelength range of 300 nm-1300 nm is 75%.
The conversion efficiency of the solar cell module without the coating is 16.5%, and the cell efficiency after the granite-like rock layer is prepared on the surface of the cell is 12.5%.
Example 3
Preparing a natural stone imitation layer on the surface of the obtained solar cell, comprising the following steps:
the preparation of the natural stone-like layer slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of acrylic resin, 50 parts of natural fine sand, 35 parts of filler, 8 parts of film-forming additive, 4 parts of nano aluminum oxide, 5 parts of nano zinc oxide, 90 parts of water, 6 parts of cellulose, 1 part of flatting agent, 0.5 part of defoaming agent, 1.0 part of water-based thickener and 0.6 part of inorganic pigment.
The selected fine sand is a mixture of white marble, granite and calcite.
The filler is the mixture of kaolin, talcum powder and titanium dioxide.
The selected coalescing agent is a dodecanol ester.
The leveling agent is selected to be acrylic acid.
The selected antifoaming agent is the mixture of emulsified silicone oil and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaerythritol ether.
The thickener selected was hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
The selected inorganic pigment is a combination of titanium white and realgar.
Adding acrylic resin, cellulose, a film-forming assistant, nano aluminum oxide, nano zinc oxide, a flatting agent, a defoaming agent and an aqueous thickening agent into water, and stirring to form slurry; adding natural fine sand, filler and inorganic pigment, and stirring uniformly for later use.
Spraying the prepared natural stone imitation slurry on the surface of the solar cell layer by using a spray gun, curing at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 28 hours to obtain a natural stone imitation layer, and finally coating a water-based cover coating to obtain the photovoltaic building material.
The thickness of the imitated natural stone layer is 0.1mm, the pencil hardness is 5H, the adhesive force is good, and the imitated natural stone layer is self-spread and smooth after being coated.
The weighted average transmittance of the obtained granite-like rock layer in the wavelength range of 300 nm-1300 nm is 70%.
The conversion efficiency of the solar cell module without the coating is 18%, and the cell efficiency after the granite-like rock layer is prepared on the surface of the cell is 12.5%.
Example 4
Preparing a granite-like stratum on the surface of the obtained solar cell, comprising the following steps:
the preparation of the artificial granite slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of acrylic resin, 65 parts of natural fine sand, 30 parts of filler, 7 parts of film-forming additive, 4 parts of nano aluminum oxide, 5 parts of nano zinc oxide, 85 parts of water, 5 parts of cellulose, 1.5 parts of flatting agent, 1 part of defoaming agent, 0.8 part of water-based thickener and 1 part of inorganic pigment.
The selected fine sand is the mixture of quartz stone, marble and calcite.
The selected filler is the mixture of kaolin, lime and titanium dioxide.
The selected coalescing agent is a dodecanol ester.
The leveling agent is selected to be acrylic acid.
The selected defoamer is polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaerythritol ether.
The thickener selected is a silicone gel.
The selected inorganic pigment is a combination of iron oxide red and iron oxide yellow.
Adding acrylic resin, cellulose, a film-forming assistant, nano aluminum oxide, nano zinc oxide, a flatting agent, a defoaming agent and an aqueous thickening agent into water, and stirring to form slurry; adding natural fine sand, filler and inorganic pigment, and stirring uniformly for later use.
Spraying the prepared natural stone imitation slurry on the surface of the solar cell layer by using a spray gun, curing at 15 ℃ for 62 hours to obtain a natural stone imitation layer, and finally coating a water-based cover coating to obtain the photovoltaic building material.
The coating thickness of the artificial granite is 0.4mm, the pencil hardness is 5H, the adhesive force is good, and the artificial granite is self-spread and smooth after coating.
The weighted average transmittance of the obtained granite-like rock layer in the wavelength range of 300 nm-1300 nm is 72%.
The conversion efficiency of the solar cell module without the coating is 17.5%, and the cell efficiency after the granite-like rock layer is prepared on the surface of the cell is 12.6%.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (4)
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| CN111560215A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-08-21 | 江苏理想空间装饰工程股份有限公司 | Coating material for improving surface strength of stone and application thereof |
| CN115636625A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2023-01-24 | 青岛海之润涂料制造有限公司 | Method for manufacturing molding material by using liquid granite coating |
| CN114315235A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-04-12 | 山东康洁利新材料有限公司 | Production method of artificial quartz stone stain-resistant plate |
| CN117303793B (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2025-10-28 | 泉州市新兴石材工艺有限公司 | An environmentally friendly spraying process for preparing artificial quartz stone |
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| CN201512900U (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2010-06-23 | 刘成金 | Solar Photovoltaic Glass Curtain Wall Panel |
| US8124866B2 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2012-02-28 | First Solar, Inc. | Photovoltaic array |
| CN103848641A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2014-06-11 | 上海古猿人石材有限公司 | Artificial stone with irregular pore and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108018723A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2018-05-11 | 上迈（上海）新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of photoelectricity building materials and preparation method thereof |
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| US8124866B2 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2012-02-28 | First Solar, Inc. | Photovoltaic array |
| CN201512900U (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2010-06-23 | 刘成金 | Solar Photovoltaic Glass Curtain Wall Panel |
| CN103848641A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2014-06-11 | 上海古猿人石材有限公司 | Artificial stone with irregular pore and preparation method thereof |
| CN104647837A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-27 | 常州亚玛顿股份有限公司 | Colored coated glass and solar cell module utilizing the same |
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