CN111237507A - An oil circuit switching valve for forward and reverse operation of excavators - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil way switching valve for positive and negative hand operation of an excavator, which relates to the field of mechanical equipment and comprises a valve body, a first spring, a second spring, a first valve core and a second valve core, wherein a first valve core cavity and a second valve core cavity are respectively communicated through a first valve body channel and a second valve body channel; the valve comprises a valve body and is characterized in that a first oil inlet, a second oil inlet, a third oil inlet and a fourth oil inlet are arranged at one side of the valve body at intervals, a first oil outlet, a second oil outlet, a third oil outlet and a fourth oil outlet are arranged at the other side of the valve body at intervals, a first spring and a first valve core are arranged in a first valve core cavity, a second spring and a second valve core are arranged in a second valve core cavity, a first annular groove, a second annular groove and a third annular groove are sequentially arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the first valve core at intervals, and a fourth annular groove, a fifth annular groove and a sixth annular groove are sequentially arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the. The switching valve has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, easy installation, simple and convenient operation and good stability.

Description

An oil circuit switching valve for forward and reverse operation of excavators

technical field

The invention relates to the field of mechanical equipment, in particular to an oil circuit switching valve used for forward and reverse hand operation of an excavator.

Background technique

The existing Hitachi Kobelco, Carter, Komatsu and Sumitomo excavators universal forward and reverse steering valves all use manual shaft type to change the oil inlet and outlet channels to realize the excavator forward and reverse operation conversion function. The structure and principle of this reversing valve are simple. However, there are the following shortcomings in the use process: 1. The existing reversing valve cannot be fully enclosed, and is prone to rust and sticking, which leads to its function failure; 2. The existing reversing valve is complicated to install and operate; 3 . The existing reversing valve is large in size, and requires a certain space to operate during installation, resulting in the inability to install smaller or compact models; 4. The existing reversing valve is a manual device, which is inconvenient to operate.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Therefore, the present invention provides an oil circuit switching valve for forward and reverse operation of an excavator, so as to solve the problems of poor stability, inconvenient operation and large volume of the existing reversing valve.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides an oil circuit switching valve for forward and reverse operation of an excavator. The oil circuit switching valve for forward and reverse operation of an excavator includes a valve body, a first spring, and a second spring. , a first valve core and a second valve core, the inside of the valve body is provided with a first valve core cavity and a second valve core cavity, the first valve core cavity and the second valve core cavity respectively pass through the first valve body The channel and the second valve body channel are connected; one side of the valve body is provided with a first oil inlet, a second oil inlet, a third oil inlet and a fourth oil inlet at intervals, and the other side of the valve body A first oil outlet, a second oil outlet, a third oil outlet and a fourth oil outlet are arranged at intervals on the side, the first spring and the first valve core are arranged in the first valve core cavity, the second oil outlet The spring and the second valve core are arranged in the second valve core cavity, and the outer peripheral surface of the first valve core is provided with a first annular groove, a second annular groove and a third annular groove in sequence. The outer peripheral surface is provided with a fourth annular groove, a fifth annular groove and a sixth annular groove in sequence; when the first spring is in a compressed state and the second spring is in an extended state, the first oil inlets pass through in sequence The first annular groove, the first valve body passage, and the fourth annular groove communicate with the first oil outlet, the second oil inlet communicates with the second oil outlet through the fifth annular groove, and the third oil inlet The sixth annular groove communicates with the third oil outlet, and the fourth oil inlet communicates with the fourth oil outlet through the second annular groove; when the first spring is in an extended state and the second spring is in a compressed state , the first oil inlet communicates with the fourth oil outlet through the second annular groove, the second oil inlet communicates with the first oil outlet through the fourth annular groove, and the third oil inlet The fifth annular groove communicates with the second oil outlet, and the fourth oil inlet communicates with the third oil outlet through the third annular groove, the second valve body passage, and the sixth annular groove in sequence.

Further, the first valve core cavity and the second valve core cavity extend longitudinally and are parallel to each other.

Further, the inside of the valve body is also provided with a first oil delivery channel and a second oil delivery channel, and the first oil delivery channel is parallel to the first valve core cavity.

Further, one end of the first valve core and one end of the second valve core are provided with blind holes, one end of the first spring is inserted into the blind hole of the first valve core, and the second spring is One end is inserted into the blind hole of the second valve core.

Further, the first annular groove, the second annular groove and the third annular groove are arranged at equal intervals, and the widths of the first annular groove, the second annular groove and the third annular groove are all equal; the fourth annular groove The grooves, the fifth annular groove and the sixth annular groove are arranged at equal intervals, and the widths of the fourth annular groove, the fifth annular groove and the sixth annular groove are all equal.

Further, the first valve body passage and the second valve body passage are arranged in parallel and spaced apart.

The invention has the following advantages: the oil circuit switching valve used for the forward and reverse operation of the excavator of the invention has fewer components, simplifies the structure of the switching valve, reduces the volume of the switching valve, and can change the direction with the two-position four-way The combination of valve and solenoid valve can realize electro-hydraulic automation, which has the advantages of easy installation, simple operation and good stability.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other implementation drawings can also be derived from the provided drawings without any creative effort.

The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in this specification are only used to cooperate with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those who are familiar with the technology, and are not used to limit the conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so there is no technical The substantive meaning above, any modification of the structure, the change of the proportional relationship or the adjustment of the size should still fall within the technical content disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effect and the purpose that the present invention can produce. within the range that can be covered.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an oil circuit switching valve for forward and reverse operation of an excavator provided by the present invention;

2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of another position of the oil circuit switching valve for forward and reverse hand operation of the excavator provided by the present invention;

3 is a schematic front view of the structure of the oil circuit switching valve for forward and reverse hand operation of an excavator provided by the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a left-view structural schematic diagram of an oil circuit switching valve for forward and reverse hand operation of an excavator provided by the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the right side view of the oil circuit switching valve for forward and reverse hand operation of the excavator provided by the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the two-position four-way reversing valve provided by the present invention.

Reference numeral description: 100, valve body; 101, first valve core cavity; 102, second valve core cavity; 103, first valve body channel; 104, second valve body channel; 105, first oil inlet; 106, the second oil inlet; 107, the third oil inlet; 108, the fourth oil inlet; 109, the first oil outlet; 110, the second oil outlet; 111, the third oil outlet; 112, Fourth oil outlet; 113, first oil channel; 114, second oil channel; 200, first spring; 300, second spring; 400, first valve core; 401, first annular groove; 402, The second annular groove; 403, the third annular groove; 500, the second valve core; 501, the fourth annular groove; 502, the fifth annular groove; 503, the sixth annular groove; 600, the solenoid valve; To the reversing valve.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention are described below by specific specific embodiments. Those who are familiar with the technology can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the present invention. , not all examples. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 1 , 2 and 3 , the oil circuit switching valve for forward and reverse operation of an excavator includes a valve body 100 , a first spring 200 , a second spring 300 , a first valve core 400 and a second valve core 500 , The inside of the valve body 100 is provided with a first valve core cavity 101 and a second valve core cavity 102. The first valve core cavity 101 and the second valve core cavity 102 extend longitudinally and are parallel to each other, and the valve core cavity provides the movement of the valve core. space, so that the valve core works in a closed space, reducing the influence of external factors, and effectively improving the stability of the switching valve. The inside of the valve body 100 is also provided with a first oil delivery channel 113 and a second oil delivery channel 114. The first oil delivery channel 113 is parallel to the first valve core cavity 101. As shown in FIG. 6, the first valve core cavity is installed during installation. The port is communicated with the port A of the 2-position 4-way reversing valve 700 , the port of the second spool cavity is communicated with the B port of the 2-position 4-way directional valve 700 , and one end of the first oil channel 113 is reversed with the 2-position 4-way reversing valve The T port of the valve 700 is connected, the other end of the first oil delivery channel 113 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank, and one end of the second oil delivery channel 114 is connected to the P port of the two-position four-way reversing valve 700. The other end is connected to the oil outlet of the hydraulic equipment, and the first oil delivery channel 113 and the second oil delivery channel 114 are used as delivery pipes for hydraulic oil, which reduces the usage of hydraulic pipelines and effectively reduces the volume of the switching valve. The first valve core cavity 101 and the second valve core cavity 102 are communicated through the first valve body passage 103 and the second valve body passage 104 respectively. The first valve body passage 103 and the second valve body passage 104 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The valve body channel 104 is located on the side of the first valve body channel 103 away from the port of the first valve core cavity. In this embodiment, both the first valve body channel 103 and the second valve body channel 104 are perpendicular to the first valve core cavity 101 . As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 , one side of the valve body 100 is provided with a first oil inlet 105 , a second oil inlet 106 , a third oil inlet 107 and a fourth oil inlet 108 , each oil inlet The oil outlet end of the valve body 100 extends to the inside of the valve body 100 so that each oil inlet port communicates with its corresponding annular groove. The arrangement of the oil inlet ports is shown in Figure 4. The oil outlet 109, the second oil outlet 110, the third oil outlet 111 and the fourth oil outlet 112, the oil inlet end of each oil outlet extends toward the inside of the valve body 100, so that each oil outlet Connecting with its corresponding annular groove, the arrangement of the oil outlet is shown in Figure 5.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 , the first spring 200 and the first valve core 400 are arranged in the first valve core cavity 101 , the first spring 200 is located at the end of the first valve core 400 away from the port of the first valve core cavity, and the first valve core One end of the core 400 is provided with a blind hole, one end of the first spring 200 is inserted into the blind hole of the first valve core 400 , and the first spring 200 is used to provide the first valve core 400 with a restoring force. The second spring 300 and the second valve core 500 are disposed in the second valve core cavity 102 , the second spring 300 is located at one end of the second valve core 500 away from the port of the second valve core cavity, and one end of the second valve core 500 is provided with a blind hole , one end of the second spring 300 is inserted into the blind hole of the second valve core 500 , and the second spring 300 is used to provide the second valve core 500 with a restoring force. A first annular groove 401 , a second annular groove 402 and a third annular groove 403 are sequentially spaced on the outer peripheral surface of the first valve core 400 , and the first annular groove 401 , the second annular groove 402 and the third annular groove 403 are equidistant from each other. The widths of the first annular groove 401 , the second annular groove 402 and the third annular groove 403 are all equal; the outer peripheral surface of the second valve core 500 is provided with the fourth annular groove 501 , the fifth annular groove 502 and the The sixth annular groove 503, the fourth annular groove 501, the fifth annular groove 502 and the sixth annular groove 503 are arranged at equal intervals, and the widths of the fourth annular groove 501, the fifth annular groove 502 and the sixth annular groove 503 are all equal.

When in use, the switching valve is used in conjunction with the two-position four-way reversing valve 700 and the solenoid valve 600. The solenoid valve 600 is arranged on the two-position four-way reversing valve 700. Since the two-position four-way reversing valve 700 and the solenoid valve 600 are both Existing electrical equipment will not be described in detail here. The oil circuit switching valve for forward and reverse operation of the excavator of the present invention simplifies the structure of the switching valve and reduces the volume of the switching valve due to fewer components. The cooperation can realize electro-hydraulic automation, which has the advantages of easy installation, simple operation and good stability.

The working principle of the switching valve:

When the solenoid valve 600 is not energized, the pressure oil is input through the P port of the two-position four-way reversing valve 700, and then output through the A port of the two-position four-way reversing valve 700, thereby entering the first spool cavity 101, and under pressure Under the action of the oil, the first spool 400 moves in a direction away from the port of the first spool cavity, and the hydraulic oil in the second spool cavity 102 is reversed from the B port of the two-position four-way reversing valve 700 through the two-position four-way The T port of the valve 700 returns to the hydraulic oil tank. At this time, the first spring 200 is in a compressed state, the second spring 300 is in an extended state, and the first oil inlet 105 passes through the first annular groove 401, the first valve body channel 103, the first oil inlet The four annular grooves 501 communicate with the first oil outlet 109 , the second oil inlet 106 communicates with the second oil outlet 110 through the fifth annular groove 502 , and the third oil inlet 107 communicates with the third oil outlet through the sixth annular groove 503 The oil port 111 is communicated with, and the fourth oil inlet port 108 is communicated with the fourth oil outlet port 112 through the second annular groove 402 .

When the solenoid valve 600 is energized, the pressure oil is input through the P port of the two-position four-way reversing valve 700, and then output through the B port of the two-position four-way reversing valve 700, thereby entering the second spool cavity 102, where the pressure oil is Under the action of , the second spool 500 moves away from the port of the second spool cavity, and the hydraulic oil in the first spool cavity 101 passes from the port A of the 2-position 4-way reversing valve 700 through the 2-position 4-way reversing valve The T port of 700 is returned to the hydraulic oil tank. At this time, the first spring 200 is in an extended state, the second spring 300 is in a compressed state, the first oil inlet 105 is communicated with the fourth oil outlet 112 through the second annular groove 402, and the second The oil inlet 106 communicates with the first oil outlet 109 through the fourth annular groove 501 , the third oil inlet 107 communicates with the second oil outlet 110 through the fifth annular groove 502 , and the fourth oil inlet 108 passes through the third oil inlet 108 in turn. The annular groove 403 , the second valve body passage 104 , and the sixth annular groove 503 communicate with the third oil outlet 111 .

Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general description and specific embodiments, some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the present invention, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of the claimed protection of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. An oil circuit switching valve for forward and reverse operation of an excavator, characterized in that the oil circuit switching valve for forward and reverse operation of an excavator comprises a valve body, a first spring, a second spring, a first A valve core and a second valve core, the inside of the valve body is provided with a first valve core cavity and a second valve core cavity, and the first valve core cavity and the second valve core cavity pass through the first valve body passage, The second valve body channel is communicated; one side of the valve body is provided with a first oil inlet, a second oil inlet, a third oil inlet and a fourth oil inlet, and the other side of the valve body is spaced A first oil outlet, a second oil outlet, a third oil outlet and a fourth oil outlet are provided, the first spring and the first valve core are arranged in the first valve core cavity, and the second spring and the The second valve core is arranged in the second valve core cavity, the outer peripheral surface of the first valve core is provided with a first annular groove, a second annular groove and a third annular groove in sequence, and the outer peripheral surface of the second valve core A fourth annular groove, a fifth annular groove and a sixth annular groove are arranged at intervals on the upper part; when the first spring is in a compressed state and the second spring is in an extended state, the first oil inlet passes through the first The annular groove, the first valve body passage, and the fourth annular groove communicate with the first oil outlet, the second oil inlet communicates with the second oil outlet through the fifth annular groove, and the third oil inlet The six annular grooves communicate with the third oil outlet, and the fourth oil inlet communicates with the fourth oil outlet through the second annular groove; when the first spring is in an extended state and the second spring is in a compressed state, The first oil inlet communicates with the fourth oil outlet through the second annular groove, the second oil inlet communicates with the first oil outlet through the fourth annular groove, and the third oil inlet communicates with the fifth oil inlet. The annular groove is communicated with the second oil outlet, and the fourth oil inlet is communicated with the third oil outlet through the third annular groove, the second valve body passage, and the sixth annular groove in sequence. 2 . The oil circuit switching valve for forward and reverse operation of an excavator according to claim 1 , wherein the first valve core cavity and the second valve core cavity extend longitudinally and are parallel to each other. 3 . 3 . The oil circuit switching valve for forward and reverse operation of an excavator according to claim 2 , wherein the inside of the valve body is further provided with a first oil channel and a second oil channel, and the The first oil delivery channel is parallel to the first valve core cavity. 4 . The oil circuit switching valve for forward and reverse hand operation of an excavator according to claim 1 , wherein one end of the first valve core and one end of the second valve core are both provided with There is a blind hole, one end of the first spring is inserted into the blind hole of the first valve core, and one end of the second spring is inserted into the blind hole of the second valve core. 5 . The oil circuit switching valve for forward and reverse operation of an excavator according to claim 4 , wherein the first annular groove, the second annular groove and the third annular groove are arranged at equal intervals, and the The widths of the first annular groove, the second annular groove and the third annular groove are all equal; the fourth annular groove, the fifth annular groove and the sixth annular groove are arranged at equal intervals, and the fourth annular groove, the fifth annular groove Both the groove and the sixth annular groove have the same width. 6 . The oil circuit switching valve for forward and reverse operation of an excavator according to claim 5 , wherein the first valve body passage and the second valve body passage are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. 7 .

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