CN111342425B - A method for realizing residual current operated circuit breaker device and topology automatic identification method - Google Patents
A method for realizing residual current operated circuit breaker device and topology automatic identification method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/26—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents
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Abstract
一种实现剩余电流动作断路器装置及拓扑自动识别方法，包括微处理器，所述微处理器与时钟电路、数据存储电路、串口转RS485通讯电路、按键电路、显示电路、脱扣执行电路、电源转化电路、电流电压采集电路、电流检测电路相连。剩余电流动作断路器的台区网络拓扑识别方法，步骤包括户变关系识别和分支识别，本发明采用上述设计和方法，剩余电流动作断路器设备采用一体化设计，大大减小了断路器设备的体积，安装十分方便，减少了电力线路配置时间，提高了电力线路配置效率，同时也降低了维护维修费用，获取方法准确性高，在根本上解决由于台区串扰、台区电表关系混乱等原因造成的电表所属台区不明确问题。
A method for realizing a residual current operated circuit breaker device and automatic topology identification includes a microprocessor, the microprocessor is connected to a clock circuit, a data storage circuit, a serial port to RS485 communication circuit, a key circuit, a display circuit, a tripping execution circuit, a power conversion circuit, a current and voltage acquisition circuit, and a current detection circuit. A method for identifying the network topology of a residual current operated circuit breaker, the steps include identifying the relationship between households and transformers and identifying branches. The present invention adopts the above design and method, the residual current operated circuit breaker device adopts an integrated design, which greatly reduces the volume of the circuit breaker device, is very convenient to install, reduces the time for configuring the power line, improves the efficiency of configuring the power line, and also reduces the maintenance and repair costs. The acquisition method has high accuracy, which fundamentally solves the problem of unclear area to which the meter belongs due to reasons such as crosstalk in the area and confusion of the relationship between the meters in the area.
Description
Technical field:
The invention relates to the field of electric power, in particular to a circuit breaker device for realizing residual current operation and a topology automatic identification method.
The background technology is as follows:
The residual current operated circuit breaker is a commonly used electrical device, which is mainly used to detect a residual current, compare the residual current value with a reference value, and open a main circuit contact when the residual current value exceeds the reference value. Currently, residual current operated circuit breakers have some problems:
(1) The existing residual current operated circuit breaker is inconvenient to install, and according to the electrical installation standard requirements of the low-voltage distribution network side, the box body node of each medium-low voltage side needs to be provided with switch equipment, and the residual current operated circuit breaker is small in space installation of the equipment in the box body, so that serious potential safety hazards are buried in the whole medium-low voltage platform area node under the condition that an installation line is not reserved and is messy, flying lines and broken lines exist under the condition that the installation line is not reserved.
(2) The conventional circuit breaker equipment has single function, only has the circuit breaker attribute function and the residual current protection function of the residual current circuit breaker, and does not have the corresponding identification, analysis and transmission functions for realizing the network topology of the transformer area.
With the continuous expansion of the system scale, especially the formation of interconnected large power grids, the medium-high voltage power transmission network lines are clear, the effect of the medium-high voltage power transmission network relationship is relatively weakened, and the low-voltage network topology structure in the power system becomes particularly important. The interconnection of the power grids is an objective rule of the development of the electric industry of each country, and is a necessary trend of the power development of each country of the world. In the medium-low voltage area network, the number of nodes is huge, the connection is super-complex, the change is changeable, the real-time requirement is ultra-high, the network topology of the medium-low voltage area is difficult to draw in real time, a large amount of manpower is required to be consumed for manual drawing, the drawn topological structure is difficult to correspond in real time, and the error is large.
If the network topology device of the low-voltage transformer area is additionally installed, the two devices are installed at the same time, and the matching degree is poor, the integration level is low, the cost is high, the maintenance is inconvenient, and the efficiency of the whole system is reduced.
(3) Even if the existing medium-low voltage station network topology device is integrated into a conventional breaker, the existing medium-low voltage station network topology device has a plurality of defects that the drawing of the network topology of the whole medium-low voltage station is very complex at present, and is a system engineering. The current implementation mode comprises a partial implementation mode of the topology device and a manual + topology device implementation mode.
If the equipment part is adopted, the problems of real-time performance and accuracy are more in part of investigation through the functions of the topology device, an accurate result cannot be achieved, the installation equipment is required to be powered off and installed, the flow is very complex, the efficiency is low, and the result is not ideal;
If the manual + equipment mode is adopted, although accuracy is improved to some extent, real-time performance is poor, time required for manual census once is long, real-time topological graph correspondence cannot be achieved, and efficiency is low.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention provides a circuit breaker device for realizing residual current action and a topology automatic identification method, which solve the problems existing in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
The circuit breaker device for realizing the residual current action comprises a microprocessor, wherein the microprocessor is connected with a clock circuit, a data storage circuit, a serial port-to-RS 485 communication circuit, a key circuit, a display circuit, a tripping execution circuit, a power conversion circuit, a current and voltage acquisition circuit and a current detection circuit;
the current detection circuit is connected with the current transformer and the driving circuit;
The power conversion circuit is connected with the broadband carrier communication circuit, and the broadband carrier communication circuit is connected with the current pulse circuit;
The clock circuit provides working clock frequency for the microprocessor;
the data storage circuit is used for storing valid data and codes;
The serial port-to-RS 485 communication circuit is used for carrying out data interaction between microprocessor data and peripheral equipment;
the key circuit is used for setting or correcting the set parameters and states through manual operation;
The display circuit is used for displaying data, parameters and alarm information;
The tripping execution circuit is used for controlling the opening and closing state of the structural member of the tripping device according to the instruction of the microprocessor or the manual control action;
The power conversion circuit is used for converting a field three-phase/single-phase power supply into equipment available voltage;
the current and voltage acquisition circuit is used for acquiring voltage and current data in an environment of a three-phase or single-phase switch outlet side;
the current detection circuit is used for converting the residual current signal into a voltage signal to obtain a sampling voltage;
The current pulse circuit is used for transmitting transient pulse current at a three-phase or single-phase acquisition voltage end;
the broadband carrier communication circuit is used for broadband carrier communication among devices in the low-voltage transformer area electric wire;
The microprocessor acquires the voltage information obtained by the current detection circuit, sends an instruction to the tripping execution circuit according to the voltage information so as to control the tripping device, and simultaneously acquires the current and voltage information obtained by the current and voltage acquisition circuit so as to form a physical circuit corresponding relation in the low-voltage transformer area.
The current transformer comprises an iron core and a current modulation circuit, wherein a primary coil or a secondary coil of the current modulation circuit is wound on the iron core, and the output end of the current modulation circuit is connected with the current detection circuit.
The display circuit comprises an LCD display circuit and a digital display circuit, and the LCD display circuit and the digital display circuit are connected with the microprocessor;
The LCD display circuit comprises a backlight control circuit, a frequency control circuit and a low-frequency filter circuit, wherein the backlight control circuit is used for controlling LCD display contrast brightness parameters, the frequency control circuit is used for controlling the flickering frequency of an LCD screen, and the low-frequency filter circuit is used for eliminating the crosstalk problem of low-frequency signals on the display screen signals;
the digital display circuit comprises one or more bit digital tube groups, and a control interface of the digital tube is connected with an A/D interface of the microprocessor.
The topology automatic identification method for realizing the residual current operated circuit breaker device comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) identifying a user-variable relationship:
A. Installing a breaker, namely installing residual current operated breakers in a power distribution cabinet, a branch box and a meter box;
B. The main node sends an instruction, namely a current pulse circuit of a residual current operated circuit breaker V arranged on a main node of a power distribution cabinet W sends a broadcast station area identification instruction of a station area where the current pulse circuit is located through a switch outlet side of the power distribution cabinet, wherein the identification instruction comprises ID number information and phase information of a power distribution terminal;
C. The slave node receives the instruction, namely, after all residual current operation circuit breakers of the slave nodes at different levels under the power distribution cabinet W receive the identification instruction information of the step B, ID number information and phase information in the identification instruction are automatically stored;
D. The slave node registers, wherein the residual current operated circuit breaker of the slave node sends registration information through the broadband carrier communication circuit of the slave node in the step C, and the registration information comprises ID number information and phase information in the step C;
E. The slave node polls, namely the residual current operated circuit breaker V inquires the received registration information in the step D, compares ID number information and phase information in the registration information, if the ID number information and the phase information are consistent with the identification information in the step B, the slave node belongs to the current area, and if the ID number information and the phase information are different from the identification information in the step B, the slave node does not belong to the current area and is deleted;
F. E, reporting the slave node, namely reporting the slave node which is subjected to the network access after the step E to a master station by a residual current operated circuit breaker V of the master node;
(2) Branch identification
G. Selecting a residual current operated circuit breaker X arranged in a meter box, generating a branch identification signal on one phase of electricity by the residual current operated circuit breaker X, wherein all residual current operated circuit breakers belonging to the branch line receive the branch identification signal, and acquiring branch information of the operated circuit breaker of the branch identification signal by the residual current operated circuit breaker V of a main node through collecting the branch information of the operated circuit breaker of the main node, so that the branch information of the residual current operated circuit breaker X can be acquired;
H. g, sequentially carrying out the step G by the residual current operated circuit breakers arranged in the meter box, obtaining the branch information of all the residual current operated circuit breakers positioned in the meter box, and reporting all the branch information to a master station by the residual current operated circuit breakers V of the master node;
(3) And (3) the master station gathers the user change relation information obtained in the step (1) and the branch information obtained in the step (2) to obtain a complete network topology structure.
The invention adopts the design and the method, and has the following advantages:
(1) The residual current operated circuit breaker equipment adopts an integrated design, and each circuit part has reasonable design, greatly reduces the volume of the circuit breaker equipment, is quite convenient to install, avoids the conditions of messy installation lines, flying lines and broken lines in the installation process, and eliminates potential safety hazards;
(2) The circuit breaker attribute function and the residual current protection function are combined with the low-voltage area network topology identification function, and when in power configuration, a low-voltage area network topology device is not required to be additionally installed, so that the integration level is high, the cost is reduced, the power line configuration time is shortened, the power line configuration efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the maintenance cost is reduced;
(3) The network topology identification function of the low-voltage transformer area combined in the residual current operated circuit breaker is ingenious in design, the network topology structure of the mortgage transformer area can be automatically obtained, when the topology in the distribution transformer area changes, the intelligent distribution transformer terminal can automatically identify the topology structure result after the topology structure changes, the real-time performance is high, meanwhile, the link of manual inspection is omitted, the labor cost is saved, the accuracy of the obtaining method is high, and the problem that the transformer area of the ammeter belongs to due to the reasons of transformer area crosstalk, transformer area ammeter relation confusion and the like is fundamentally solved.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an LCD display circuit of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a wideband carrier communication circuit of the present invention.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
1-3, The residual current operated circuit breaker device comprises a microprocessor, a current detection circuit, a current transformer and a driving circuit, wherein the microprocessor is connected with a clock circuit, a data storage circuit, a serial port-to-RS 485 communication circuit, a key circuit, a display circuit, a tripping execution circuit, a power conversion circuit, a current voltage acquisition circuit and a current detection circuit;
a clock circuit for providing a working clock frequency for the microprocessor;
a data storage circuit for storing valid data and codes;
The serial port-to-RS 485 communication circuit is used for carrying out data interaction between microprocessor data and peripheral equipment;
The key circuit is used for setting or correcting the set parameters and states through manual operation;
the display circuit is used for displaying data, parameters and alarm information;
the tripping execution circuit is used for controlling the opening and closing states of the structural members of the tripping device according to the instruction of the microprocessor or manual control action;
the power conversion circuit is used for converting the on-site three-phase/single-phase power supply into equipment available voltage;
the current and voltage acquisition circuit is used for acquiring voltage and current data in the three-phase or single-phase switch outlet side environment;
the current detection circuit is used for converting the residual current signal into a voltage signal to obtain a sampling voltage;
the current pulse circuit is used for transmitting transient pulse current at a three-phase or single-phase acquisition voltage end;
the pulse current is also called pulsating current, which means current with constant direction and constant intensity. Strictly speaking, the current output by the direct current generator is the pulsating current. Except that the degree of this current intensity change is small. The pulsed current can also be said to be a current in which the unidirectional (cathodic) current is periodically interrupted by a series of open circuits (no current flow). Unlike the commutation current, the plating is not used as an anode, but the power supply is intermittently stopped, and the cathode potential is periodically changed with time due to the intermittent interruption of the current. The waveform includes square wave, sine wave, triangular wave, saw tooth wave, etc. The invention adopts the wavelet detection method, the signal of the method can ensure that the transformer is not crossed, and the point-to-point communication without dead angle in the station area can be ensured, and carrier relay is not needed, so that all the residual current circuit breakers in the meter boxes managed by the transformer can receive the distribution transformer terminal address and the phase information broadcast by the station area identifier.
The broadband carrier communication circuit is used for broadband carrier communication among devices in the low-voltage transformer area electric wire;
The broadband carrier communication circuit mainly comprises a power line coupling unit, a zero crossing detection unit, a power line signal modulation part (comprising a primary band-pass filter circuit, a secondary band-pass filter circuit and a low-frequency filter circuit), a carrier communication chip SPI level signal circuit and a carrier communication chip basic circuit (comprising a clock circuit and a reset circuit). The power coupling unit is an output and input path of a carrier signal and plays a role in isolating 220V/50Hz power frequency. T3 is used as a signal coupling transformer, and the impedance of the power line side is generally 3-30Ω. The turns ratio or the impedance ratio of the primary and secondary of the coil is determined to be 12/21, impedance interference at the side of a power line can be reduced to a certain extent, the frequency of transmission of the signal coupling transformer T3 is relatively high (100-400 kHz) and is far greater than the frequency of a power grid, the purpose of isolating high voltage from low voltage is achieved, and a power carrier signal receiving and transmitting channel is smooth and can isolate the high voltage. RC in the band-pass filter circuit is used for discharging a capacitor when offline, preventing high voltage from occurring at two ends of a device plug, filtering out-of-band clutter and ensuring impedance matching between front and rear stages of circuits so as to ensure stable and reliable power line carrier signal communication again. The zero-crossing detection unit is used for detecting the triggering condition of a power line communication channel, and is used for receiving and transmitting signals in a power carrier wave waveform zero state due to larger interference energy of wave crests and wave troughs in power carrier wave transmission, performing full-wave rectification through two reverse diodes to form a pulsating direct current waveform, performing capacitive filtering after resistor voltage division, filtering high-frequency components to form a voltage waveform at a triode collector, conducting a triode Q2 when the collector voltage is greater than 0.7V, forming a low level at the triode collector, cutting off the triode when the triode collector voltage is lower than 0.7V, and forming a high level through a pull-up resistor R87. In this way, 100Hz pulse waveform is formed at the zero-crossing detection 15 port of the carrier communication chip through repeated on and off of the triode, and the chip detects the zero point of the power line voltage through judgment.
Broadband carrier communication transmits analog or digital signals at high speed by carrier mode.
And the microprocessor is used for collecting the voltage information obtained by the current detection circuit and sending an instruction to the tripping execution circuit according to the voltage information so as to control the tripping device, and meanwhile, collecting the current and voltage information obtained by the current and voltage acquisition circuit so as to form a physical circuit corresponding relation in the low-voltage transformer area.
The current transformer comprises an iron core and a current modulation circuit, wherein a primary coil or a secondary coil of the current modulation circuit is wound on the iron core, and the output end of the current modulation circuit is connected with the current detection circuit.
The current modulation circuit comprises a comparison amplifier and a sampling resistor, wherein the front end of the sampling resistor is respectively connected with the first end of the secondary coil, the inverting input end of the comparison amplifier and the current detection circuit, the second end of the sampling resistor is grounded, and the output end of the comparison amplifier is connected with the second end of the secondary coil.
The display circuit comprises an LCD display circuit and a digital display circuit, and the LCD display circuit and the digital display circuit are connected with the microprocessor;
The LCD display circuit comprises a backlight control circuit, a frequency control circuit and a low-frequency filter circuit, wherein the backlight control circuit is used for controlling LCD display contrast brightness parameters, the frequency control circuit is used for controlling the flickering frequency of an LCD screen, and the low-frequency filter circuit is used for eliminating the crosstalk problem of low-frequency signals on display screen signals;
The digital display circuit comprises one or more bit digital tube groups, and a control interface of the digital tube is connected with an A/D interface of the microprocessor.
The residual current action circuit breaker is arranged at each node in the power distribution cabinet, the branch cabinet and the meter box, when the residual current action circuit breaker works, the residual current action circuit breaker collects current data through the current transformer, when a fault point occurs in a line, unbalanced residual current occurs in the current transformer, after the residual current signal passes through the current modulation circuit, the current signal is converted into a voltage signal at the current detection circuit, sampling voltage is obtained, and if the sampling voltage is greater than voltage threshold value data, the tripping circuit is controlled to execute the operation action of the tripping device.
The topology automatic identification method for realizing the residual current operated circuit breaker device comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) identifying a user-variable relationship:
A. Installing a breaker, namely installing residual current operated breakers in a power distribution cabinet, a branch box and a meter box;
B. The main node sends an instruction, namely a broadcasting station identification instruction of a station where the current pulse circuit of the residual current action circuit breaker V arranged on the main node of the power distribution cabinet W is located is sent through a switch outgoing line side of the power distribution cabinet based on a broadcasting sending and response mechanism arranged between microprocessors of the residual current action circuit breaker, wherein the identification instruction comprises ID number information and phase information of a power distribution terminal;
when an identification instruction is sent, sending signals to the phase A, the phase B and the phase C respectively, wherein 60 seconds are required for sending the signals, and each phase is sent for 2 times in order to ensure that all nodes under a station area receive the identification instruction signals;
because of the non-transregional characteristic of the current pulse signal, the signal of the current pulse signal is not sent to other residual current operated circuit breakers of the non-local region;
C. the slave node receives the instruction, namely after all residual current operation circuit breakers of the slave nodes at different levels under the power distribution cabinet W receive the identification instruction information of the step B, the microprocessor automatically stores ID number information and phase information in the identification instruction, and even if the power is off, the information is not lost;
D. The slave node registers, wherein the residual current operated circuit breaker of the slave node sends out registration information through the broadband carrier communication circuit of the slave node, the registration information comprises the ID number information and the phase information in the step C, at the moment, the registration information sent out by the broadband carrier communication circuit comprises all the information automatically stored in the step C, and the sent registration information is received by the residual current operated circuit breaker V of the master node;
E. The slave node polls, namely the residual current operated circuit breaker V inquires the received registration information in the step D, compares ID number information and phase information in the registration information, if the ID number information and the phase information are consistent with the identification information in the step B, the slave node belongs to the current area, and if the ID number information and the phase information are different from the identification information in the step B, the slave node does not belong to the current area and is deleted;
Since the problem of the tandem area occurs in the transmitting mechanism of the broadband carrier communication circuit, all the registered slave nodes received by the master node in the step D are not necessarily slave nodes of the current tandem area, and thus need to be screened. Whether the slave node is the slave node of the local area can be clearly judged according to the ID number information and the phase information in the registration information.
F. E, reporting the slave node, namely reporting the slave node which is subjected to the network access after the step E to a master station by a residual current operated circuit breaker V of the master node;
(2) Branch identification
G. Selecting a residual current operated circuit breaker X arranged in a meter box, generating a branch identification signal on one phase of electricity by the residual current operated circuit breaker X, wherein all residual current operated circuit breakers belonging to the branch line receive the branch identification signal, and acquiring branch information of the operated circuit breaker of the branch identification signal by the residual current operated circuit breaker V of a main node through collecting the branch information of the operated circuit breaker of the main node, so that the branch information of the residual current operated circuit breaker X can be acquired;
Based on the KCL current total loop conservation principle, i.e. a load current is generated on a certain phase of electricity of the terminal equipment, an equivalent current is added to all branch lines supplying power to the meter box, and the current of other branch lines does not change, so that the branch circuit where the residual current operated circuit breaker X is located can be obtained through the step G, which nodes are included.
H. g, sequentially carrying out the step G by the residual current operated circuit breakers arranged in the meter box, obtaining the branch information of all the residual current operated circuit breakers positioned in the meter box, and reporting all the branch information to a master station by the residual current operated circuit breakers V of the master node;
After the branch information of all the residual current operated circuit breakers in the meter box is obtained, the main node performs reasoning calculation according to the branch crossing condition of each residual current operated circuit breaker to obtain a complete branch structure and a hierarchical structure.
(3) And (3) the master station gathers the user change relation information obtained in the step (1) and the branch information obtained in the step (2) to obtain a complete network topology structure.
The above embodiments are not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, and any alternatives or modifications to the embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art and fall within the scope of the invention.
The present invention is not described in detail in the present application, and is well known to those skilled in the art.
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| CN111983375A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-11-24 | 威胜信息技术股份有限公司 | Power distribution station topology method and identification system based on electricity utilization characteristics |
| CN112350865B (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2023-07-04 | 广东电力通信科技有限公司 | Topology identification positioning method based on Wi-Fi probe and broadband wave communication technology |
| CN112583123A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-03-30 | 国网北京市电力公司 | Intelligent molded case circuit breaker |
| CN112804292B (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-11-11 | 珠海中慧微电子有限公司 | Ammeter distribution area identification method |
| CN112737128B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2024-03-01 | 苏州门海微电子科技有限公司 | A method for identification of branch topology in station area based on AC chopper |
| CN114256973A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-29 | 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 | Platform area topology identification method based on energy controller public variable file self-maintenance |
| CN114221336B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-03-24 | 重庆物奇科技有限公司 | Method and device for identifying platform area topology and storage medium |
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| CN211701459U (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-10-16 | 山东德源电力科技股份有限公司 | Realize residual current operated circuit breaker device |
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| FR2930349B1 (en) * | 2008-04-16 | 2011-06-03 | Areva T & D Sa | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETECTING RESIDUAL SECONDARY CURRENT IN A CURRENT TRANSFORMER IN A HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL NETWORK, AND METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETECTING ARC FORMATION IN A CIRCUIT BREAKER |
| JP5208593B2 (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2013-06-12 | 株式会社東芝 | Inrush current suppressing device for transformer and control method thereof |
| CN102231510B (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2014-04-09 | 河北工业大学 | Pulsating DC (direct current) aftercurrent protector and running method thereof |
| CN109061541B (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2022-04-12 | 浙江华云信息科技有限公司 | Low-voltage transformer area electrical topology identification system and working method thereof |
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| CN211701459U (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-10-16 | 山东德源电力科技股份有限公司 | Realize residual current operated circuit breaker device |
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