CN112007737B - A crushing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses crushing equipment. The crushing apparatus includes: an air inlet pipe, a trapezoid electrode pair group and an air separation pipe. Each trapezoidal electrode pair includes two trapezoidal body electrodes. One inclined plane of one trapezoid electrode of each trapezoid electrode pair is opposite to one inclined plane of the other trapezoid electrode, and a trapezoid groove with two open ends is formed. The cross-sectional area of the upper opening of the trapezoid groove is larger than the cross-sectional area of the lower opening. The lower opening end of the air separation pipe is communicated with the upper opening part of the trapezoid groove, and the lower opening part of the trapezoid groove is communicated with one end of the air inlet pipe. When the crushing equipment is used for crushing the raw graphite ore, high-voltage short pulses are applied to the raw graphite ore through the electrode pairs, and the purpose of protecting the large-scale graphite to the maximum extent can be achieved by utilizing the principle of selective crushing of the crystal interfaces of target minerals and impurity minerals based on the difference of drag forces in an airflow field caused by the difference of the flake graphite flake structure and the gangue particle shape.

Description

A crushing device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of high-pressure short-pulse crushing, in particular to a crushing device.

Background Art

Most existing graphite ore sorting methods use multi-stage grinding and multi-stage flotation. In the process from graphite ore to graphite concentrate, ball mills or rod mills are used for several grindings. These indiscriminate grinding processes will cause a large number of large graphite flakes to be damaged, reducing the economic value.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a crushing device that can timely and effectively separate large flake graphite, avoid over-grinding of the dissociated flake graphite, and achieve the purpose of protecting the large flake graphite to the maximum extent.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

A crushing device, comprising: an air inlet pipe, a plurality of trapezoidal electrode pairs and an air separation pipe; wherein:

Each of the trapezoidal electrode pairs comprises two trapezoidal body electrodes; an inclined surface of one of the trapezoidal body electrodes of each of the trapezoidal electrode pairs is arranged opposite to an inclined surface of another of the trapezoidal body electrodes, forming a trapezoidal groove with openings at both ends; the cross-sectional area of the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove is greater than the cross-sectional area of the lower opening;

The lower opening end of the air selection tube is communicated with the upper opening portion of the trapezoidal slot, and the lower opening portion of the trapezoidal slot is communicated with one end of the air inlet pipe.

Optionally, the trapezoidal electrode is a right-angled trapezoid.

Optionally, the device further comprises a fan, an air inlet is provided on a side wall of the air inlet duct, and an air outlet of the fan is connected to the air inlet of the air inlet duct.

Optionally, the device further includes a star-shaped discharger, the feed inlet of the star-shaped discharger is connected to the other end of the air inlet pipe, and the feed inlet of the star-shaped discharger is located below the air inlet of the air inlet pipe.

Optionally, the device further comprises a silo and a transverse screw feeding mechanism, wherein a transverse screw shaft of the transverse screw feeding mechanism passes through the silo and extends into the air separation tube.

Optionally, the device further comprises a cyclone dust collector, wherein a feed inlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected to an upper opening end of the air separation tube.

Optionally, a bag dust collector is provided at the upper overflow port of the cyclone dust collector.

Optionally, the trapezoidal electrode pair includes a first trapezoidal electrode pair, a second trapezoidal electrode pair and a third trapezoidal electrode pair which are insulated from each other from top to bottom.

Optionally, the device also includes a pulse power supply, one of the trapezoidal electrode pairs is connected to one of the pulse power supplies, the pulse voltage peak of the pulse power supply connected to the first trapezoidal electrode pair is greater than the pulse voltage peak of the pulse power supply connected to the second trapezoidal electrode pair, and the pulse voltage peak of the pulse power supply connected to the second trapezoidal electrode pair is greater than the pulse voltage peak of the pulse power supply connected to the third trapezoidal electrode pair.

According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

The crushing equipment provided by the present invention includes: an air inlet pipe, a trapezoidal electrode pair group and an air separation pipe. Each trapezoidal electrode pair includes two trapezoidal body electrodes. An inclined surface of one trapezoidal body electrode of each trapezoidal electrode pair is arranged opposite to an inclined surface of another trapezoidal body electrode to form a trapezoidal groove with two ends open. The cross-sectional area of the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove is larger than the cross-sectional area of the lower opening. The lower open end of the air separation pipe is connected to the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove, and the lower opening of the trapezoidal groove is connected to one end of the air inlet pipe. When the crushing equipment provided by the present invention is used to crush and sort the graphite ore, high-voltage short pulses are applied to the graphite ore through the electrode pair, and the principle of selective crushing of the crystal interface of the target mineral and the impurity mineral is utilized. Based on the difference in drag in the air flow field caused by the difference in the flake structure of the flake graphite and the shape of the gangue particles, the dissociated large flake graphite can be effectively and timely sorted out, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the large flake graphite to the maximum extent.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a crushing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a crushing device that can timely and effectively sort out the dissociated large-scale flake graphite, so as to achieve the purpose of protecting the large-scale flake graphite to the maximum extent.

In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a crushing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1 , the device comprises: an air inlet pipe 1 , a trapezoidal electrode pair group 2 and an air selection pipe 3 .

Each of the trapezoidal electrode pairs includes two trapezoidal body electrodes; an inclined surface of one of the trapezoidal body electrodes of each of the trapezoidal electrode pairs is arranged opposite to an inclined surface of the other trapezoidal body electrode, forming a trapezoidal groove 4 with openings at both ends; the cross-sectional area of the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove 4 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the lower opening.

The lower opening end of the air selection tube 3 is communicated with the upper opening portion of the trapezoidal slot 4 , and the lower opening portion of the trapezoidal slot 4 is communicated with one end of the air inlet pipe 1 .

In this embodiment, the trapezoidal body electrode 2 is a right-angled trapezoidal body. The cross-sectional area of the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove 4 is equal to the cross-sectional area of the lower opening end of the air separation tube 3, and the minimum distance between the two trapezoidal body electrodes 2 located at the lower opening of the trapezoidal groove 4 is 5mm to 10mm.

As a preferred embodiment, the device further comprises a fan 5 , an air inlet is formed on the side wall of the air inlet pipe 1 , and an air outlet of the fan 5 is connected to the air inlet of the air inlet pipe 1 .

In order to smoothly discharge ore particles that have not been crushed to the target fineness, the equipment also includes a star discharger 6, the feed port of the star discharger 6 is connected to the other end of the air inlet pipe 1, and the feed port of the star discharger 6 is located below the air inlet of the air inlet pipe 1.

In order to realize automatic feeding, the device further comprises a silo 7 and a transverse screw feeding mechanism 8, the transverse screw shaft of the transverse screw feeding mechanism passes through the bottom of the silo 7 and extends into the air separation tube 3. In order to facilitate the control of the feeding speed, the transverse screw feeding mechanism 8 in this embodiment is a frequency conversion controlled screw feeder.

Furthermore, the device also includes a cyclone dust collector 9, a pressure relief storage box 10 and a pulse power supply 11. The feed port of the cyclone dust collector 9 is connected to the upper opening end of the air separation tube 3, and the upper overflow port of the cyclone dust collector 9 is provided with a bag dust collector. The feed port of the pressure relief storage box 10 is connected to the discharge port of the cyclone dust collector 9. The pulse power supply 11 is connected to the trapezoidal electrode pair. In practical applications, different high-voltage pulse power supplies can be set for different sizes of crushing objects, and a higher voltage pulse power supply is used for large particle size, and a lower voltage pulse power supply is used for small particle size, so as to achieve a better crushing effect.

In this embodiment, in order to achieve energy saving and controllable crushing particle size, the trapezoidal electrode pair includes a pulse power supply, a first trapezoidal electrode pair, a second trapezoidal electrode pair and a third trapezoidal electrode pair that are insulated from top to bottom. One of the trapezoidal electrode pairs is connected to one of the pulse power supplies, and the pulse voltage peak value of the pulse power supply connected to the first trapezoidal electrode pair is greater than the pulse voltage peak value of the pulse power supply connected to the second trapezoidal electrode pair, and the pulse voltage peak value of the pulse power supply connected to the second trapezoidal electrode pair is greater than the pulse voltage peak value of the pulse power supply connected to the third trapezoidal electrode pair. The pulse voltage peak values of the three pulse power supplies form three voltage gradients, and the range of the pulse voltage peak value is 80-230kV.

The working principle of the crushing equipment provided by the present invention is as follows:

A pair of high-voltage electrodes is installed in the middle of the vertical air separation tube. After the graphite ore enters the crushing area formed by the electrode pair, the high-voltage electrode will apply a high-voltage short pulse to the ore. The rock will first be electrically broken down, and a small discharge leader will be formed inside the rock. In this process, the voltage drop on the high-voltage electrode is small, and the current in the circuit is also relatively small. When the leader develops to the electrode pair, the plasma channel bridge connects the high-voltage and low-voltage electrodes, and other small channels disappear, forming a main discharge channel. The voltage on the high-voltage electrode drops rapidly, and the current in the circuit increases rapidly. The energy stored in the high-voltage electrode is released into the plasma channel and heats the channel. The plasma channel expands due to heat and does work on the surrounding rock mass. The surrounding rock and graphite have different thermal expansion coefficients and brittleness. When the stress exceeds the stress strength of the rock, the rock is broken, while the graphite flakes have a certain toughness and are not broken, so the ore and large flake graphite are dissociated. During this process, the drag force generated by the airflow blown in by the fan at the bottom of the air inlet pipe overcomes gravity and moves the dissociated large-scale graphite flakes and crushed fine ore particles to the upper part of the air separation tube. The large-particle ore that has not been fully crushed will continue to enter the lower high-pressure crushing area for further crushing due to its own greater gravity, and the particles that ultimately fail to be crushed will fall to the bottom of the air separation tube, thus completing the selective crushing of the product.

The present invention uses high-voltage short pulses to crush graphite ore, which not only solves the problems of heavy equipment and low efficiency in the current mechanical grinding technology of graphite ore, but also can selectively crush the graphite ore and remove it from the separation area in time, which can better protect large flake graphite. At the same time, the present invention combines high-voltage short pulse crushing technology with wind selection technology, shortens the process flow, and reduces the equipment footprint.

The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

The principles and implementation methods of the present invention are described in this article using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A crushing plant, characterized in that it comprises: an air inlet pipe, a plurality of trapezoidal electrode pairs and a winnowing pipe; wherein,

Each trapezoid electrode pair comprises two trapezoid electrodes; one inclined plane of one trapezoid electrode of each trapezoid electrode pair is opposite to one inclined plane of the other trapezoid electrode, so that a trapezoid groove with two open ends is formed; the sectional area of the upper opening part of the trapezoid groove is larger than that of the lower opening part; the trapezoid electrode pairs comprise a first trapezoid electrode pair, a second trapezoid electrode pair and a third trapezoid electrode pair which are mutually insulated from top to bottom;

The device further comprises a pulse power supply, wherein one of the trapezoid electrode pairs is connected with one of the pulse power supplies, the pulse voltage peak value of the pulse power supply connected with the first trapezoid electrode pair is larger than the pulse voltage peak value of the pulse power supply connected with the second trapezoid electrode pair, and the pulse voltage peak value of the pulse power supply connected with the second trapezoid electrode pair is larger than the pulse voltage peak value of the pulse power supply connected with the third trapezoid electrode pair;

the lower opening end of the air separation pipe is communicated with the upper opening part of the trapezoid groove, and the lower opening part of the trapezoid groove is communicated with one end of the air inlet pipe; a pair of high-voltage electrodes are additionally arranged in the middle of the winnowing pipe, and after graphite raw ore enters a crushing area formed by the high-voltage electrodes, the high-voltage electrodes can apply high-voltage short pulses on the ore; the dissociated large-scale graphite is separated based on the difference of drag force in an airflow field caused by the difference of the flake graphite flake structure and the gangue particle shape.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the trapezoid electrode is a right angle trapezoid.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a blower, wherein an air inlet is provided in a side wall of the air inlet duct, and wherein an air outlet of the blower is in communication with the air inlet of the air inlet duct.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 further comprising a star unloader, wherein a feed port of the star unloader is in communication with the other end of the air inlet duct and wherein the feed port of the star unloader is positioned below the air inlet of the air inlet duct.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a silo and a cross screw feed mechanism having a cross screw shaft extending through the silo and into the air separation tube.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 further comprising a cyclone, wherein a feed inlet of the cyclone communicates with an upper open end of the air separation duct.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the upper overflow port of the cyclone is provided with a bag filter.