Liquid cooling plate for active phased array radar antenna array surface
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal management and structural design of ship-borne electronic equipment, in particular to a liquid cooling plate.
Background
With the rapid development of electronic technology and the continuous improvement of the requirements of military equipment, the continuous enhancement of the performance of equipment in the antenna array surface of the active phased array radar leads to the continuous increase of the heat flux density of devices and the total heat dissipation power of the equipment, and higher requirements are put forward on the heat dissipation capacity of the equipment. Furthermore, active phased array radars require a large number of T/R components on the antenna array to operate within a substantially uniform temperature range to improve the transmit gain, receive gain, and phase control accuracy of each T/R component. Therefore, the efficient and reliable heat dissipation mode is very important for ensuring the performance improvement and stable work of the radar system, and for large phased array radars, due to the fact that power consumption is continuously increased, the heat dissipation problem is difficult to solve by traditional air cooling heat dissipation, and the technical difficulty of heat control design is increasing day by day.
Aiming at a high heat flux density T/R component, a liquid cooling heat dissipation scheme is generally adopted at present, namely: the active digital sub-array comprising the T/R assembly and the power supply thereof is arranged on the liquid cooling cold plate, and heat is taken away through heat exchange between the cooling medium flowing in the cold plate and the active digital sub-array. The cold plate directly plays roles of heat transfer and exchange between a heat source and a heat sink in the thermal control system, and the quality of the design of the cold plate directly determines indexes such as system heat dissipation efficiency, the highest temperature of a device, the temperature consistency of a front surface and the like, so that the design of the cold plate is the key for enhancing heat transfer.
The cold plate with the conventional design generally adopts a snake-shaped flow passage scheme or a traditional parallel flow passage scheme, and has the defects of large on-way resistance, low heat dissipation capacity, large difference of heat dissipation capacities at different positions and the like; in addition, the flow channel designed in this way often does not consider the problem of thermal cascade among a plurality of heat sources, and this kind of thermal cascade can lead to the reduction of radiating efficiency on the one hand, and on the other hand can also lead to the unbalance of temperature among different digital subarrays, influences antenna array face performance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a liquid cooling plate for an active phased array radar antenna array surface, which meets the specific application requirements of the active phased array radar antenna array surface thermal control.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a liquid cold plate for an active phased array radar antenna array, comprising: the cooling plate base plate, cold drawing entry and cold drawing export are equipped with a strip boss along the central line on the cold drawing base plate, and the boss both ends are equipped with cold drawing entry and cold drawing export respectively, and the coolant liquid passes through the inside passageway of cold drawing entry inflow boss, and the inside internal flow channel of reentrant base plate dispels the heat to the active digit subarray that lies in on the cold drawing base plate.
The cold drawing base plate is 1170mm and 920mm along length and width direction maximum dimension respectively, and cold drawing base plate thickness is 10mm, and the thickness of boss on the cold drawing base plate is 15mm, and the 6061 aluminum alloy of resistant coolant liquid (ethylene glycol) corruption is adopted to the material of cold drawing base plate and boss.
The cold plate inlet is the same as the cold plate outlet in diameter, the cold plate inlet and the cold plate outlet are matched with the equivalent fluid drift diameter of the external quick-assembly water joint, and the cold plate inlet and the cold plate outlet are connected with a liquid inlet (return) pipeline of an external cold source through the quick-assembly water joint and used for flowing in or flowing out cooling liquid.
The cold drawing entry and cold drawing export be equipped with two sets ofly, and every cold drawing entry and cold drawing export be central symmetry about the center of cold drawing base plate and arrange, from structural temperature uniformity who has guaranteed symmetry quadrant subarray in the use.
The liquid transport section of liquid cooling cold drawing is located the boss of liquid cooling cold drawing central line, and the one end of liquid transport section is the cold drawing entry, and one end is the inside runner of cold drawing base plate in addition, and the liquid transport section is including the left transport section of symmetry and right transport section two parts, and the liquid transport section divide into two-layer passageway from top to bottom, and upper passageway cross sectional dimension is 10mm x 12mm, and lower floor's passageway cross sectional dimension is 10mm x 5 mm.
And overflowing holes are arranged between an upper layer of channel and a lower layer of channel inside the liquid conveying section, the overflowing holes are uniformly distributed along a partition plate between the two layers of conveying sections, each overflowing hole is at least connected with an internal flow channel branch of the liquid cooling plate, and the diameter of each overflowing hole is 9 mm.
The upper channel of the liquid conveying section plays a role of a static pressure cavity, the cooling liquid meeting the thermal control design requirement flows into the lower channel connected with the flow channel in the cold plate through the overflowing hole under the action of static pressure, and is distributed to each branch of the flow channel, so that the backflow phenomenon is effectively reduced, the flowing condition of the cooling liquid in the flow channel is favorably optimized, and the temperature consistency is improved.
The internal flow channel of the liquid cooling cold plate is positioned in the cold plate substrate and arranged between the cold plate liquid conveying section and the cold plate liquid backflow section, the internal flow channel is divided into four parts in the cold plate substrate and respectively comprises a left part channel and a right part channel which are symmetrical, the left part channel comprises a left upper channel and a left lower channel which are symmetrical, and the right part channel comprises a right upper channel and a right lower channel which are symmetrical; the flow resistance of each branch is matched through the change of the sectional area of the flow passage of each branch in the cold plate, the flow velocity of liquid in the flow passage of the cold plate between different branches and the difference existing through the flow are avoided, the matching of the heat dissipation capacity of different areas of the cold plate is ensured, and the heat dissipation efficiency and the temperature consistency of the cold plate are improved.
For the area with poor local heat dissipation condition of the cold plate, a heat exchange enhancement measure is introduced: the vertical surface of a heat concentration area in the internal flow channel is provided with micro fins, so that the heat exchange area is increased, the length of each micro fin is 94mm, the height of each micro fin is 5mm, the width of each micro fin is 1.25mm or 1mm, and the width of a micro channel between every two adjacent micro fins is 1 mm;
for the flow channels on the two sides of the central line of the cold plate, the straight flow channels are changed into corrugated flow channels, and the turbulence degree is increased by changing the flow direction of the cooling liquid, so that the heat exchange coefficient is improved.
The flow channel cross-sectional dimension of the cold plate liquid backflow section is 8mm multiplied by 5mm, the cold plate liquid backflow section is installed in the cold plate substrate, one end of the backflow section is an internal flow channel of the liquid cooling plate, the other end of the backflow section is a cold plate outlet, and the cold plate liquid backflow section comprises a left backflow section and a right backflow section which are symmetrical.
The beneficial effects of the invention are embodied in the following aspects:
the liquid cooling cold plate for the active phased array radar antenna array surface provided by the invention adopts the flow channel in a series-parallel combination mode, overcomes the defects of large on-way resistance, low heat dissipation capacity, large difference of heat dissipation capacities at different positions, thermal cascade effect and the like of the traditional cold plate flow channel, and improves the temperature uniformity of the cold plate;
the liquid cooling cold plate for the active phased array radar antenna array surface provided by the invention adopts the micro-fins with enhanced heat exchange effect, so that the heat exchange area is increased, and meanwhile, the local linear flow channel is changed into a corrugated shape, so that the turbulence degree is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency of the cold plate is improved;
according to the liquid cooling plate for the active phased array radar antenna array surface, the number of the micro-fins can be correspondingly optimized or optimized in a sparse or dense mode according to different applied heat loads, meanwhile, the cold plate runner processing technology is easy to realize, and batch production can be realized;
the liquid cooling plate for the active phased array radar antenna array surface is characterized in that the liquid conveying section of the cold plate is designed into a double-layer structure, and the upper layer channel, the lower layer channel and the overflowing hole are optimally designed, so that the backflow phenomenon is reduced, the flowing condition of cooling liquid in a flow channel in the cold plate is favorably optimized, and the temperature consistency of the cold plate is improved;
the liquid cooling plate for the antenna array surface of the active phased array radar provided by the invention has the functions of fixing, supporting, positioning and the like for the active digital sub-array, the loudspeaker, the circuit dividing board and the like besides the function of radiating heat for the heating units such as the active digital sub-array and the like on the antenna array surface, and the integration of the structure and the radiating function is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cold plate configuration of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a cold plate of the present invention taken along the centerline (left half).
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal flow channels and micro-ribs of the cold plate of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the upper left channel structure of the internal flow passage of the cold plate of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an active digital subarray antenna array.
Wherein: 1-cold plate base plate, 11 a-cold plate mounting boss (left), 11 b-cold plate mounting boss (right), 12 a-cold plate inlet (left), 12 b-cold plate inlet (right), 13 a-cold plate outlet (left), 13 b-cold plate outlet (right), 14-cold plate boss, 21 a-liquid conveying section (upper left channel), 22 a-liquid conveying section (lower left channel), 23-overflowing hole, 31 a-upper left channel, 31 b-lower left channel, 32 a-upper right channel, 32 b-lower right channel, 33 a-left backflow section, 33 b-right backflow section, 34-micro fin, 4-active digital sub-array.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
In order to maintain the normal operation of the active digital sub-array with a large number of phased array radar antenna array surfaces, a good heat dissipation device is indispensable, and in recent years, the liquid cooling heat dissipation technology is increasingly widely applied. However, the existing liquid cooling cold plate has the problems of obvious series-parallel connection characteristics of the flow channel, no consideration of thermal cascade connection among multiple heat sources and the like, and restricts the application and popularization of the liquid cooling heat dissipation technology.
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a liquid cooling plate for an active phased array radar antenna array, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the liquid cooling plate including: the cold drawing base plate, cold drawing entry, liquid transport section, internal flow, liquid backward flow section, cold drawing export.
The basic principle of the liquid cooling plate provided by the invention is as follows: the liquid cold source carries the cooling liquid after the cooling to get into cold drawing inside through the cold drawing entry, then carries each branch road of section reposition of redundant personnel to cold drawing internal flow channel through cold drawing liquid. The liquid cooling cold plate is in contact with a heat source (active digital subarray) through a heat conduction material, when a cooling liquid flows through an internal flow channel of the cold plate, heat exchange is generated between the heat source and the cooling liquid through the heat conduction material, the temperature of the cooling liquid is increased after the cooling liquid absorbs heat generated by the heat source, and the temperature of the heat source is reduced due to the fact that the heat is absorbed by the cooling liquid. When the coolant continuously flows through the flow channel in the cold plate, the heat generated by the heat source is continuously taken away, so that the purpose of reducing the temperature of the heat source is achieved.
In addition, in order to solve the problem of thermal cascade among a plurality of heat sources, the cooling liquid is divided into a plurality of branches of cooling liquid in the cold plate internal flow channel and flows along respective paths, and the number, the flow paths and the flow rates of the branch cooling liquid are limited by the structure of the cold plate internal flow channel.
A liquid cold plate for an active phased array radar antenna array, comprising: the cold drawing base plate, cold drawing entry and cold drawing export are equipped with a strip boss along the central line on the cold drawing base plate, and the boss both ends are equipped with cold drawing entry and cold drawing export respectively, and the coolant liquid passes through the inside passageway of cold drawing entry inflow boss, and the inside internal flow of reentrant base plate dispels the heat to 64 active digital subarrays that are located on the cold drawing base plate.
The cold drawing base plate is 1170mm and 920mm along length and width direction maximum dimension respectively, and cold drawing base plate thickness is 10mm, and the thickness of boss on the cold drawing base plate is 15mm, and the 6061 aluminum alloy of resistant coolant liquid (ethylene glycol) corruption is adopted to the material of cold drawing base plate and boss.
The cold plate inlet is the same as the cold plate outlet in diameter, the cold plate inlet and the cold plate outlet are matched with the equivalent fluid drift diameter of the external quick-assembly water joint, and the cold plate inlet and the cold plate outlet are connected with a liquid inlet (return) pipeline of an external cold source through the quick-assembly water joint and used for flowing in or flowing out cooling liquid.
The cold drawing entry and cold drawing export be equipped with two sets ofly, and every cold drawing entry and cold drawing export be central symmetry about the center of cold drawing base plate and arrange, from structural temperature uniformity who has guaranteed symmetry quadrant subarray in the use.
The liquid transport section of liquid cooling cold drawing is located the boss of liquid cooling cold drawing central line, and the one end of liquid transport section is the cold drawing entry, and one end is the inside runner of cold drawing base plate in addition, and the liquid transport section is including the left transport section of symmetry and right transport section two parts, and the liquid transport section divide into two-layer passageway from top to bottom, and upper passageway cross sectional dimension is 10mm x 12mm, and lower floor's passageway cross sectional dimension is 10mm x 5 mm.
And overflowing holes are arranged between an upper layer of channel and a lower layer of channel inside the liquid conveying section, the overflowing holes are uniformly distributed along a partition plate between the two layers of conveying sections, each overflowing hole is at least connected with an internal flow channel branch of the liquid cooling plate, and the diameter of each overflowing hole is 9 mm.
The upper channel of the liquid conveying section plays a role of a static pressure cavity, the cooling liquid meeting the thermal control design requirement flows into the lower channel connected with the flow channel in the cold plate through the overflowing hole under the action of static pressure, and is distributed to each branch of the flow channel, so that the backflow phenomenon is effectively reduced, the flowing condition of the cooling liquid in the flow channel is favorably optimized, and the temperature consistency is improved.
The internal flow channel of the liquid cooling cold plate is positioned in the cold plate substrate and arranged between the cold plate liquid conveying section and the cold plate liquid backflow section, the internal flow channel is divided into four parts in the cold plate substrate and respectively comprises a left part channel and a right part channel which are symmetrical, the left part channel comprises a left upper channel and a left lower channel which are symmetrical, and the right part channel comprises a right upper channel and a right lower channel which are symmetrical; the flow resistance of each branch is matched through the change of the sectional area of the flow passage of each branch in the cold plate, the flow velocity of liquid in the flow passage of the cold plate between different branches and the difference existing through the flow are avoided, the matching of the heat dissipation capacity of different areas of the cold plate is ensured, and the heat dissipation efficiency and the temperature consistency of the cold plate are improved.
For the area with poor local heat dissipation condition of the cold plate, a heat exchange enhancement measure is introduced: the vertical surface of a heat concentration area in the internal flow channel is provided with micro fins, so that the heat exchange area is increased, the length of each micro fin is 94mm, the height of each micro fin is 5mm, the width of each micro fin is 1.25mm or 1mm, and the width of a micro channel between every two adjacent micro fins is 1 mm;
for the flow channels on the two sides of the central line of the cold plate, the straight flow channels are changed into corrugated flow channels, and the turbulence degree is increased by changing the flow direction of the cooling liquid, so that the heat exchange coefficient is improved.
The flow channel cross-sectional dimension of the cold plate liquid backflow section is 8mm multiplied by 5mm, the cold plate liquid backflow section is installed in the cold plate substrate, one end of the backflow section is an internal flow channel of the liquid cooling plate, the other end of the backflow section is a cold plate outlet, and the cold plate liquid backflow section comprises a left backflow section and a right backflow section which are symmetrical.
Referring to fig. 4, in one embodiment of the present invention, taking the upper left channel as an example (the remaining channels are similar), the coolant is divided into 4 sub-streams of coolant flowing in the direction indicated by the arrows in fig. 4.
In this embodiment, preferably, according to the design result of flow resistance matching, the cross-sectional dimensions of the vertical flow channel are: 5mm × 5mm (branch) ((r)), 6mm × 5mm (branch) ((r)), 7mm × 5mm (branch) ((r)), 8mm × 5mm (branch) ((r)), the width of horizontal runner is 4mm × 5mm (branch) ((r), branch) ((r)) or 6mm × 5mm (branch) ((r), branch) ((r)).
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the flow channel scheme of the present embodiment is used for heat dissipation of an antenna array including 64 active digital sub-arrays, modeling and simulation analysis are performed based on thermal analysis software ANSYS Icepak, and simulation parameters are set as follows:
1) the ambient temperature is 48 ℃;
2) cooling liquid: the flow rates of the two channels of the No. 65 antifreeze fluid at 60 ℃ are both 15L/min;
3) heat source: the total heat is 6880W, and each active digital sub-array is respectively assigned with a value;
4) materials: 6061 aluminum alloy Performance parameter, thermal conductivity 167W/(m. K) for all structures;
5) thermal resistance parameters: the thermal resistance of the contact surface between the active digital sub-array shell and the cold plate is not considered.
The calculation result shows that: each branch of the flow passage in the cold plate is provided with a fluid to pass through, and the working flow rate of the cooling fluid in the cold plate meets the design requirement. When the external environment temperature is 48 ℃, the highest temperature of the surface of the active digital sub-array shell is 71.68 ℃, and the index requirement that the surface temperature of the shell is less than or equal to 80 ℃ can still be met by considering the influence of contact thermal resistance; the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the surface of the active digital subarray shell is 5.62 ℃, and the index requirement that the temperature consistency is less than or equal to 8 ℃ is met; the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the surface for mounting the cold plate and the active digital sub-array is 4.87 ℃, and the index requirement that the temperature consistency is less than or equal to 5 ℃ is met; all four quadrants of the surface temperature of the active digital subarray shell are symmetrical, and the surface temperature difference of the active digital subarray shell at the symmetrical position meets the index requirement of being less than or equal to 3 ℃.
The simulation result of the embodiment proves that the invention can be used for solving the heat dissipation problem of the active phased array radar antenna array surface.