CN112249257B - Method for inspecting surface linear deviation of propeller shaft bracket casting - Google Patents

Method for inspecting surface linear deviation of propeller shaft bracket casting Download PDF

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CN112249257B
CN112249257B CN202011179858.0A CN202011179858A CN112249257B CN 112249257 B CN112249257 B CN 112249257B CN 202011179858 A CN202011179858 A CN 202011179858A CN 112249257 B CN112249257 B CN 112249257B
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shaft bracket
bracket casting
propeller shaft
support arm
control points
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CN112249257A (en
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徐晓凯
张婷婷
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Guangzhou Shipyard International Co Ltd
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Guangzhou Shipyard International Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B71/00—Designing vessels; Predicting their performance
    • B63B71/10—Designing vessels; Predicting their performance using computer simulation, e.g. finite element method [FEM] or computational fluid dynamics [CFD]

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for detecting surface linear deviation of a propeller shaft bracket casting, and relates to the technical field of ship manufacturing. The method mainly comprises the following steps: s1, selecting a plurality of key control points on the surface of the stern shaft bracket casting; s2, generating theoretical coordinate data of a plurality of key control points in a ship body coordinate system through the three-dimensional theoretical model of the propeller shaft bracket casting; s3, selecting a reference point of theoretical coordinates on the stern shaft bracket casting, and converting theoretical coordinate data of a plurality of key control points in a ship body coordinate system by using the reference point; s4, actually measuring a plurality of key control points on the surface of the propeller shaft bracket casting and generating actual coordinate data; and S5, comparing the actual coordinate data with the theoretical coordinate data converted in the step S3, and determining the condition of the surface linear deviation of the propeller shaft bracket casting. The method is strong in pertinence, simple, easy and effective, is convenient to use in the actual ship building process, and can improve the ship building efficiency.

Description

Method for inspecting surface linear deviation of propeller shaft bracket casting
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship manufacturing, in particular to a method for detecting surface line type deviation of a propeller shaft bracket casting.
Background
The existing ship propulsion system consists of a main engine, a ship shafting, a transmission device and a propeller. The ship shafting is positioned between the output flange of the main machine and the propeller, and has the functions of transmitting the torque generated by the main generator to the propeller and transmitting the thrust generated by the propeller to the ship body through the shafting and the thrust bearing so as to push the ship to move. The propeller propulsion device shafting that is widely used at present contains transmission shaft, supporting piece, sealing member triplex, and wherein the supporting piece includes supporting bearing, stern axle stern tube in order to set up the stern pedestal in hull planking region. The screw shaft frame is used as a key component of a propulsion device shaft system, and the component precision of the screw shaft frame plays an important role in the propulsion efficiency of the ship propulsion device.
The stern shaft bracket generally adopts a casting part form, the surface linear data of a casting part after casting molding can not be obtained by a direct measurement means, if the condition of the surface linear deviation of the casting part is required to be mastered, a plurality of data acquisition points are arranged at the characteristic point position of the surface of the casting part, the data of the surface acquisition points are acquired by adopting a three-dimensional total station device, or the integral scanning is carried out by a more advanced three-dimensional scanning instrument to acquire the surface linear data of the ship stern shaft bracket casting part, the data is guided into a CAD system by means of application software, and the generated model is compared with the acquisition points corresponding to a theoretical three-dimensional model, so that the surface linear deviation of the casting part is acquired, the process is complex and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for inspecting the linear deviation of the surface of a propeller shaft bracket casting, which can measure the linear deviation of the surface of the propeller shaft bracket casting, is simple to measure and can improve the shipbuilding efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for inspecting surface linear deviation of a propeller shaft bracket casting comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a plurality of key control points on the surface of a stern shaft bracket casting;
s2, generating theoretical coordinate data of a plurality of key control points in a ship body coordinate system through the three-dimensional theoretical model of the propeller shaft bracket casting;
s3, selecting a reference point of a theoretical coordinate on the propeller shaft bracket casting, and converting the theoretical coordinate data of the key control points in the hull coordinate system by using the reference point;
s4, actually measuring the key control points on the surface of the propeller shaft bracket casting and generating actual coordinate data;
and S5, comparing the actual coordinate data with the theoretical coordinate data converted in the step S3, and determining the condition of the surface linear deviation of the propeller shaft bracket casting.
Alternatively, in step S2, in the hull coordinate system, the extending direction of the ship centerline is taken as an X axis, the extending direction of the No. 0 rib position line in the length direction of the ship is taken as a Y axis, the height direction of the ship is taken as a Z axis, and the intersection of the ship centerline and the No. 0 rib position line on the bottom plate of the ship is taken as an origin.
Optionally, the stern shaft bracket foundry goods includes a center section of thick bamboo and connects first support arm and the second support arm of a center section of thick bamboo lateral wall, first support arm with the second support arm is the V type setting, just first support arm with the support arm central line of second support arm all with the central axis of a center section of thick bamboo is the contained angle setting, the central axis's of a center section of thick bamboo the extension line with hull coordinate system the X axle is the contained angle setting.
Optionally, the key control point comprises a central point of two end faces of the central cylinder in the axial direction;
the end, far away from a center section of thick bamboo, of first support arm is provided with first planking, the end, far away from a center section of thick bamboo, of second support arm is provided with the second planking, all be provided with a plurality ofly at the interval on the outside contour line of first planking with the second planking key control point.
Alternatively, the reference point in step S3 is a Y coordinate reference point and a Z coordinate reference point which are the Y coordinate value and the Z coordinate value of one of the two center points, respectively, and an X coordinate value of 12 rib lines in the length direction of the ship is an X coordinate reference point.
Optionally, the step S4 specifically includes: and placing one end face of the central cylinder on a horizontal plane, setting the central axis of the central cylinder at an included angle with the vertical direction, adjusting the posture of the stern shaft bracket casting to ensure that the central axis of the central cylinder is vertical to the horizontal plane, and actually measuring a plurality of key control points on the surface of the stern shaft bracket casting to generate actual coordinate data.
Optionally, in step S4, the position of the stern shaft bracket casting is adjusted by placing an adjusting member between the horizontal plane and the end surface of the center tube.
Optionally, in step S4, when the posture of the stern shaft bracket casting is adjusted, it is determined whether the central axis of the central cylinder is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, specifically, by using a plumb bob.
Optionally, the step S5 specifically includes: and (4) making a difference between the actual coordinate data and the theoretical coordinate data converted in the step (S3), wherein the difference is the linear deviation of the surface of the propeller shaft bracket casting.
Optionally, the method for inspecting surface line type deviation of the stern shaft bracket casting further comprises the following steps of S6:
and S6, comparing the difference value with a preset deviation range, and determining whether the surface linear deviation of the propeller shaft bracket casting is qualified.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a method for inspecting surface linear deviation of a propeller shaft bracket casting, which comprises the steps of firstly selecting a plurality of key control points on the surface of the propeller shaft bracket casting, and then generating theoretical coordinate data of the plurality of key control points in a ship body coordinate system through a three-dimensional theoretical model of the propeller shaft bracket casting; selecting a reference point of theoretical coordinates on a stern shaft bracket casting, and converting theoretical coordinate data of a plurality of key control points in a ship body coordinate system by using the reference point; next, actually measuring a plurality of key control points on the surface of the propeller shaft bracket casting and generating actual coordinate data; and finally, comparing the actual coordinate data with the converted theoretical coordinate data to determine the condition of the surface linear deviation of the propeller shaft bracket casting. The method is strong in pertinence, simple, easy and effective, has low requirement on hardware conditions for lifting and placing the stern shaft bracket casting, is convenient to use in the actual ship building process, and can improve the ship building efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the main steps of a method for inspecting the surface line type deviation of a propeller shaft bracket casting provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a stern shaft bracket casting provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the position of a stern shaft bracket casting on a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the propeller shaft bracket casting in the step S4 in the method for inspecting surface linetype deviations of the propeller shaft bracket casting according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-a stern shaft bracket casting; 11-a central barrel; 12-a first support arm; 13-a second support arm;
2-an adjusting part; 3-the centre line of the vessel; 4-rib bit lines.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the recitation of a first feature "on" or "under" a second feature may include the recitation of the first and second features being in direct contact, and may also include the recitation that the first and second features are not in direct contact, but are in contact via another feature between them. Also, the first feature "on," "above" and "over" the second feature may include the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. "beneath," "under" and "beneath" a first feature includes the first feature being directly beneath and obliquely beneath the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the flow chart of the main steps of the method for inspecting the surface line type deviation of the propeller shaft bracket casting comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a plurality of key control points on the surface of the stern shaft bracket casting 1;
s2, generating theoretical coordinate data of a plurality of key control points in a ship body coordinate system through the three-dimensional theoretical model of the propeller shaft bracket casting 1;
S3, selecting a reference point of theoretical coordinates on the stern shaft bracket casting 1, and converting the theoretical coordinate data of a plurality of key control points in a ship body coordinate system by using the reference point;
s4, actually measuring a plurality of key control points on the surface of the propeller shaft bracket casting 1 and generating actual coordinate data;
and S5, comparing the actual coordinate data with the theoretical coordinate data converted in the step S3, and determining the condition of the surface linear deviation of the propeller shaft bracket casting 1.
It can be understood that the method is strong in pertinence, simple, easy and effective, the requirement on hardware conditions for lifting and placing the propeller shaft bracket casting 1 is low, the method is convenient to use in the actual ship building process, and the ship building efficiency can be improved.
The following describes the steps of the inspection method for the linear deviation of the surface of the propeller shaft bracket casting in detail:
s1, selecting a plurality of key control points on the surface of the stern shaft bracket casting 1;
in this embodiment, forty-four key control points are selected, and the specific positions of the key control points are not limited herein and may be marked positions on the surface of the stern shaft bracket casting 1, positions convenient for measurement, and the like. In other embodiments, the number of critical control points may also be increased or decreased as appropriate.
S2, generating theoretical coordinate data of a plurality of key control points in a ship body coordinate system through the three-dimensional theoretical model of the propeller shaft bracket casting 1;
alternatively, as shown in fig. 3, in the hull coordinate system, the extending direction of the vessel centerline 3 is taken as the X axis, the extending direction of the No. 0 rib position line (the 0 scale position corresponding to the rib position line 4 in fig. 3) in the longitudinal direction of the vessel is taken as the Y axis, the height direction of the vessel is taken as the Z axis, and the intersection point of the extending lines of the vessel centerline 3 and the No. 0 rib position line on the bottom plate of the vessel is taken as the origin. It can be understood that the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis are determined through the method, a three-dimensional ship body coordinate system is formed, and three-dimensional coordinates of a plurality of key control points are generated according to the installation and placement positions of the stern shaft bracket casting 1 on the ship and the distances from the stern shaft bracket casting 1 to the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis, and the three-dimensional coordinates are the first theoretical coordinates.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the stern shaft bracket casting 1 includes a central cylinder 11, and a first support arm 12 and a second support arm 13 connected to the outer side wall of the central cylinder 11, the first support arm 12 and the second support arm 13 are arranged in a V shape, the support arm center lines of the first support arm 12 and the second support arm 13 are arranged at an included angle with the central axis of the central cylinder 11, and the extension line of the central axis of the central cylinder 11 is arranged at an included angle with the X axis of the hull coordinate system. It will be appreciated that when the stern shaft bracket casting 1 is placed in the hull coordinate system according to the installation position, the central axis of the central tube 11 is not parallel to the X-axis, but is offset from the X-axis by an angle which is not limited herein, and in this embodiment, is 0.43 °.
In this embodiment, the center lines of the first arm 12 and the second arm 13 are located on the same outer circumference of the central cylinder 11, and the included angle between the center lines of the two arms is 48.33 °. In other embodiments, the angle between the centerlines of the two arms can also be adjusted adaptively.
Optionally, the key control point includes the central point of both end surfaces of the central cylinder 11 in the axial direction; a first outer plate 14 is arranged at one end of the first support arm 12 far away from the central cylinder 11, a second outer plate 15 is arranged at one end of the second support arm 13 far away from the central cylinder 11, and a plurality of key control points are arranged on the outer contour lines of the first outer plate 14 and the second outer plate 15 at intervals. Specifically, the center point of the stern end surface of the central cylinder 11 in the axial direction is set as a first point, and the coordinate values thereof are (4947, 5000, 2809), and the center point of the bow end surface of the central cylinder 11 in the axial direction is set as a second point, and the coordinate values thereof are (7747, 5000, 2828). In this embodiment, twelve critical control points are spaced on the outer contour lines of the first outer plate 14 and the second outer plate 15, six critical control points are spaced on the outer contour line of the first arm 12 along the extending direction, eight critical control points are spaced on the outer contour line of the second arm 13 along the extending direction, and finally three critical control points are spaced on the outer contour lines of the rib plates of the first arm 12 and the second arm 13. As for the specific three-dimensional coordinates of the key control points, which are not listed here, the coordinates of the first point and the second point and the size of the stern shaft bracket casting 1 can be determined. In other embodiments, the point-taking positions and the number of the key control points may be adjusted appropriately, and the specific coordinate values of the first point and the second point may also be changed adaptively according to the change of the hull coordinate system.
S3, selecting a reference point of theoretical coordinates on the stern shaft bracket casting 1, and converting theoretical coordinate data of a plurality of key control points in a ship body coordinate system by using the reference point;
alternatively, the reference point in step S3 is a Y coordinate reference point and a Z coordinate reference point, which are the Y coordinate value and the Z coordinate value of one of the two center points, respectively, and an X coordinate value of 12 rib positions (12 scale positions corresponding to the rib position line 4 in fig. 3) in the longitudinal direction of the ship is used as the X coordinate reference point. It can be understood that, in the actual measurement process, the stern shaft bracket casting 1 is not located in the hull coordinate system, so that a reference point on the stern shaft bracket casting 1 needs to be established again, and the coordinates of the key control points in the hull coordinate system are converted into a second theoretical coordinate taking the reference point of the stern shaft bracket casting 1 as a reference, so that the comparison with the actual coordinate data of the subsequent actual measurement is facilitated. In this embodiment, the Y coordinate value and the Z coordinate value of the first point are respectively used as the Y coordinate reference point and the Z coordinate reference point, that is, the X coordinate value corresponding to the rib bit line No. 12 is 7200 when Y is 5000 and Z is 2809, the coordinate of the first point becomes (-2253, 0, 0) after the conversion, the coordinate of the second point becomes (247,0, 19), and the coordinates of other key control points are converted by the reference points to obtain the second theoretical coordinate.
S4, actually measuring a plurality of key control points on the surface of the propeller shaft bracket casting 1 and generating actual coordinate data;
optionally, step S4 specifically includes: one end face of the central cylinder 11 is placed on a horizontal plane, the central axis of the central cylinder 11 forms an included angle with the vertical direction, then the posture of the propeller shaft bracket casting 1 is adjusted to enable the central axis of the central cylinder 11 to be vertical to the horizontal plane, a plurality of key control points on the surface of the propeller shaft bracket casting 1 are actually measured, and actual coordinate data are generated. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the posture of the stern bracket casting 1 is adjusted by placing the adjuster 2 between the horizontal plane and the end face of the center tube 11. It will be appreciated that by placing the adjustment members 2 between the horizontal plane and the end surface of the central tube 11, the upper stern bracket casting 1 can be adjusted according to the difference in height of the two adjustment members 2, thereby enabling the central axis of the central tube 11 to be perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and then measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the above-mentioned key control points.
Alternatively, in the step S4, when the posture of the stern shaft bracket casting 1 is adjusted, it is determined whether the central axis of the central cylinder 11 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, specifically, by a plumb bob. It can be understood that the plumb bob can determine that the central axis of the central cylinder 11 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and at this time, the adjustment of the posture of the stern shaft bracket casting 1 can be stopped. In other embodiments, it may be determined whether the central axis of the central cylinder 11 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane by other means.
And S5, comparing the actual coordinate data with the theoretical coordinate data converted in the step S3, and determining the condition of the surface linear deviation of the propeller shaft bracket casting 1.
Optionally, step S5 specifically includes: and (5) subtracting the actual coordinate data from the theoretical coordinate data converted in the step S3, wherein the difference is the linear deviation of the surface of the propeller shaft bracket casting 1. It will be appreciated that since the central tube 11 of the stern shaft bracket casting 1 is horizontally positioned in the hull coordinate system, and the central tube 11 is vertically positioned in the actual measurement, the X, Y and Z coordinate axes of the actual coordinate data of the actual measurement will change, and therefore when the actual coordinate data is compared with the second theoretical coordinate, attention should be paid to the corresponding coordinate corresponding value.
Optionally, the method for inspecting surface line type deviation of the stern shaft bracket casting further comprises S6:
and S6, comparing the difference value with a preset deviation range, and determining whether the surface linear deviation of the propeller shaft bracket casting 1 is qualified.
It is understood that the preset deviation ranges are not the same according to different use requirements and different standards. In this embodiment, the preset deviation range is 10-15 mm, and if the difference value is within the range of 10-15 mm, the surface line type deviation of the propeller shaft bracket casting 1 is determined to be qualified. In other embodiments, the above-described deviation ranges may be adaptively adjusted.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. This need not be, nor should it be exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A method for inspecting surface linear deviation of a propeller shaft bracket casting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting a plurality of key control points on the surface of the stern shaft bracket casting (1);
s2, generating theoretical coordinate data of a plurality of key control points in a ship body coordinate system through the three-dimensional theoretical model of the propeller shaft bracket casting (1);
s3, selecting a datum point of a theoretical coordinate on the propeller shaft bracket casting (1), and converting the theoretical coordinate data of a plurality of key control points in the ship body coordinate system by using the datum point;
s4, actually measuring the key control points on the surface of the propeller shaft bracket casting (1) and generating actual coordinate data;
S5, comparing the actual coordinate data with the theoretical coordinate data converted in the step S3, and determining the condition of surface line type deviation of the propeller shaft bracket casting (1);
in step S2, in the hull coordinate system, the extending direction of a ship centerline (3) is taken as an X axis, the extending direction of a No. 0 rib bit line in the length direction of the ship is taken as a Y axis, the height direction of the ship is taken as a Z axis, and the intersection of the ship centerline (3) and the No. 0 rib bit line on the bottom plate of the ship is taken as an origin;
the stern shaft bracket casting (1) comprises a central cylinder (11), a first support arm (12) and a second support arm (13), the first support arm (12) and the second support arm (13) are connected to the outer side wall of the central cylinder (11), the first support arm (12) and the second support arm (13) are arranged in a V shape, support arm center lines of the first support arm (12) and the second support arm (13) are arranged in an included angle with the central axis of the central cylinder (11), and an extension line of the central axis of the central cylinder (11) is arranged in an included angle with the X axis of the hull coordinate system;
the key control points comprise the central points of two end surfaces of the central cylinder (11) in the axial direction;
a first outer plate (14) is arranged at one end, away from the central cylinder (11), of the first support arm (12), a second outer plate (15) is arranged at one end, away from the central cylinder (11), of the second support arm (13), and a plurality of key control points are arranged on the outer contour lines of the first outer plate (14) and the second outer plate (15) at intervals;
The step S4 specifically includes: placing one end face of the central cylinder (11) on a horizontal plane, setting the central axis of the central cylinder (11) to form an included angle with the vertical direction, adjusting the posture of the stern shaft bracket casting (1) to enable the central axis of the central cylinder (11) to be vertical to the horizontal plane, actually measuring a plurality of key control points on the surface of the stern shaft bracket casting (1) and generating actual coordinate data;
the reference point in step S3 is a Y coordinate reference point and a Z coordinate reference point, which are respectively a Y coordinate value and a Z coordinate value of one of the two center points, and an X coordinate value of 12 rib lines in the length direction of the ship is an X coordinate reference point.
2. The method for inspecting the surface linetype deviations of the stern shaft bracket casting according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 is performed to adjust the posture of the stern shaft bracket casting (1) by placing an adjusting member (2) between a horizontal plane and the end surface of the center tube (11).
3. The method for inspecting surface linetype deviations of a propeller shaft bracket casting according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, when adjusting the posture of the propeller shaft bracket casting (1), it is determined whether the central axis of the central cylinder (11) is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, in particular, by a plumb bob.
4. The method for inspecting the linear deviation of the surface of the propeller shaft bracket casting according to claim 1, wherein the step S5 specifically comprises the steps of: and (4) making a difference between the actual coordinate data and the theoretical coordinate data converted in the step (S3), wherein the difference is the linear deviation of the surface of the propeller shaft bracket casting (1).
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises the step of S6:
s6, comparing the difference value with a preset deviation range, and determining whether the surface linear deviation of the propeller shaft bracket casting (1) is qualified.
CN202011179858.0A 2020-10-29 2020-10-29 Method for inspecting surface linear deviation of propeller shaft bracket casting Active CN112249257B (en)

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CN113804125B (en) * 2021-09-29 2024-11-01 镇江福坤船舶配件有限公司 Method for inspecting linear deviation of surface of stern shaft frame casting
CN115959255B (en) * 2023-01-31 2025-04-01 广船国际有限公司 A ship line monitoring method

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CN100400196C (en) * 2004-09-21 2008-07-09 上海重型机器冶铸厂 Method for casting rear stern shaft rack
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