Background
The corrosion and abrasion of the material are the main causes of energy dissipation and damage failure of the mechanical workpiece, which not only leads to the reduction of production efficiency, but also leads to the occurrence of mechanical accidents. The anti-corrosion protection and antifriction wear-resistant coating becomes one of the important ways of saving energy and resources, slowing down environmental pollution and eliminating potential safety hazards. The solid-liquid composite material fully makes up the deficiency of fluid lubrication, exerts the advantages of solid lubrication, and simultaneously, the liquid corrosion inhibitor can inhibit the corrosion of the material and is selected to be applied to a lubricating anticorrosive coating. For the current solid-liquid lubricating anticorrosive coating, a lubricant or a corrosion inhibitor needs to be continuously supplemented on the surface of a material in the using process. Or self-repairing composite materials containing microcapsules are adopted, the shell wall of the microcapsules is broken through response of external stimuli, and the core materials of the microcapsules are released. But the preparation process is complicated, selective triggering of shell wall fracture is difficult, the dynamic corrosion resistance is poor, and the lubrication and corrosion prevention integration can not be realized.
In recent years, polyurethane materials have attracted extensive attention and research of researchers due to excellent comprehensive properties such as high wear resistance, oil resistance, corrosion resistance, good adhesion with other materials and the like, and are mostly used for working conditions such as high pressure, heavy load or corrosion. The silicone oil is stable in property and good in hydrophobicity, can be embedded into a polyurethane material in a liquid state to play a role of a lubricant and a corrosion inhibitor, and realizes the integral coating of the silicone oil modified polyurethane for lubrication and corrosion prevention. In the silicone oil modified polyurethane lubricating anticorrosive coating, silicone oil can be controllably released under the action of friction behavior and migrates to the surface of the coating, so that the effect of supplementing protective factors in time is achieved, the protective capability of the coating is maximized, and low friction and a larger anticorrosive reinforcing effect are realized. However, at present, there is a research on preparing a solid-liquid lubrication anticorrosion integrated coating by using silicone oil and a polyurethane material.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above research situation, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a silicon-oil-containing lubricating anticorrosive composite coating with a low friction coefficient.
According to the invention, silicone oil is used as a corrosion inhibitor and a lubricant, and the solid-liquid separation inside the coating is realized by utilizing the characteristic that low-molecular silicone oil still keeps liquid state at the curing temperature of polyurethane. The bonding strength of the polyurethane skeleton and the silicone oil can be regulated and controlled through the end group of the silicone oil, so that the problem of the dispersibility of the liquid lubricant is solved, and the controllable release of the silicone oil is realized. The good temperature resistance of the silicone oil ensures that the silicone oil has obvious buffering effect on friction heat and load, and the strong anti-adhesion property also avoids the direct contact between a friction pair and a ring block, thereby greatly improving the friction and wear performance and achieving a lower and stable friction coefficient than most of lubricating coatings on the market; in addition, the silicone oil has stable chemical properties, can fill tiny holes and gaps in the polyurethane coating, has stronger waterproof performance, and can effectively inhibit the corrosion of materials.
The preparation method of the silicon-oil-containing lubricating anticorrosive composite coating with low friction coefficient comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of polyurethane material: adding polyether polyol and isophorone diisocyanate into a toluene solution, uniformly mixing, reacting for 2-4 h at 40-70 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen and stirring, and removing the solvent through reduced pressure distillation to obtain the polyurethane material with the end capped by the NCO group. Wherein the molar ratio of hydroxyl in the polyether polyol to NCO groups in isophorone diisocyanate is 1.25: 1-2: 1; the mass ratio of the toluene solvent to the polyether polyol is 1.0: 1-2.0: 1; the stirring speed is 200-400 r/min.
(2) Preparation of the nanomaterial-reinforced polyurethane material: adding the polyurethane material into a toluene solution of the nano material, uniformly mixing, reacting for 2-3 h at 60-90 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen and stirring, and removing the solvent by reduced pressure distillation to obtain the nano material reinforced polyurethane material. Wherein the nano material comprises one or more of graphene oxide, graphene, reduced graphene oxide, attapulgite and silicon dioxide; the adding amount of the nano material is 1% -5% of the mass of the polyurethane; the mass concentration of the nano material in the toluene solvent is 5-10%; the stirring speed is 200-400 r/min.
(3) Preparing a silicone oil-containing polyurethane lubricating anticorrosive composite material: adding the NCO group end-capped polyurethane material or the nano material reinforced polyurethane material and silicone oil into a toluene solution, uniformly mixing, reacting for 2-3 h at 70-100 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen and stirring, and removing the solvent by reduced pressure distillation. Wherein the silicone oil comprises one or more of dimethyl silicone oil, vinyl silicone oil and hydroxyl silicone oil; the adding amount of the silicone oil is 1% -20% of the mass of the polyurethane material or the polyurethane material reinforced by the nano material; the stirring speed is 200-300 r/min.
(4) Preparing the silicon-containing oil lubricating anticorrosive composite coating: uniformly mixing the silicone oil-containing polyurethane lubricating anticorrosive composite material with toluene, uniformly spraying the mixed solution on the surface of a metal sample block which is subjected to polishing, dry sandblasting and ultrasonic cleaning, drying, solidifying and cooling to room temperature to obtain the metal sample block. Wherein the solid content of the silicone oil-containing polyurethane lubricating anticorrosive composite material in toluene is 20.0-25.0%; the drying temperature is 110-300 ℃, the curing temperature is 120-150 ℃, and the curing time is 60-180 min; after curing, the mass fraction of the silicone oil in the coating is 1-20%, and the mass fraction of the nano material in the coating is 1-5%.
The performance indexes of the silicon-oil-containing lubricating anticorrosive composite coating prepared by the invention are as follows:
(1) appearance of the coating: smooth, uniform color, and no crack, pinhole, pore, bubble, lump, or pit.
(2) Adhesion/grade: 0. the test method comprises the following steps: according to GB/T9286-98.
(3) Flexibility/mm: 1. the test method comprises the following steps: GB/T1731-93.
(4) Impact resistance/cm: not less than 150. The test method comprises the following steps: GB/T1732-93.
(5) Dry friction performance: a. the friction coefficient is less than or equal to 0.05; b. the wear-resistant service life is more than or equal to 1000 m. The test method comprises the following steps: a CSM bolt disk friction wear testing machine is characterized in that an upper sample is an AISI-52100 bearing steel ball with the diameter of 6 mm, a lower sample is a solid lubricating coating material with the thickness of (20 +/-5) mu m, a base material is AISI-1045 stainless steel, and the friction mode is point contact reciprocating sliding friction. Loading: 5N, amplitude: 2.5 mm, frequency: 8-9 Hz, and the contact stress is 1123 MPa.
(6) Electrochemical performance: initial impedance modulus is more than or equal to 1013After 3 days of soaking, the impedance modulus is more than or equal to 1011. The test method comprises the following steps: AMETEK electrochemical workstation, the corrosion medium is 3.5% NaCl solution, the frequency range: 10000 Hz-0.01 Hz.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the silicon oil-containing lubricating anticorrosive composite coating with the low friction coefficient is simple to prepare and convenient to use, and the acting force between the polyurethane matrix and the silicon oil molecules can be adjusted, so that the uniform dispersion and the controllable release of the silicon oil are realized. The composite coating can realize the controllable release of the silicone oil filler under the stimulation of frictional motion, and can simultaneously realize the lubricating and corrosion resisting effects through the lubricating action mechanism of solid-liquid compounding and the hydrophobicity of the silicone oil, so that the coating has excellent antifriction and wear resistance and corrosion resistance. The stimulation response type polyurethane lubricating anticorrosion composite coating containing the silicone oil realizes the lubricating anticorrosion behavior of extremely low friction coefficient and controllable active substance release on the wear-resisting anticorrosion performance of polyurethane, and has important significance for mechanical equipment and systems which are free of maintenance, highly reliable and long in service life.
Detailed Description
The preparation and performance of the silicon-oil-containing lubricating anticorrosive composite coating with low friction coefficient according to the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
(1) Preparation of polyurethane material:
adding 10g of polyether polyol and 15g of toluene solution into a three-neck flask, uniformly mixing, then adding 7.5g of isophorone diisocyanate with water removed in vacuum, then quickly introducing nitrogen into the system, stirring, reacting for 4 hours at 300r/min and 70 ℃, and removing the solvent by reduced pressure distillation at 50 ℃ to obtain the polyether polyol.
(2) The preparation of the polyurethane lubricating anticorrosive composite material containing hydroxyl silicone oil comprises the following steps:
weighing 5g of polyurethane material and 15g of toluene, uniformly mixing, adding 0.5g of hydroxyl silicone oil, then quickly introducing nitrogen into a mixed system, stirring, reacting at the stirring speed of 250r/min and the temperature of 80 ℃ for 2h, and distilling under reduced pressure at the temperature of 50 ℃ to remove the solvent to obtain the polyurethane material.
(3) The preparation of the polyurethane lubricating anticorrosive composite coating containing the hydroxyl silicone oil comprises the following steps:
firstly, surface finish treatment of a metal sample block: and polishing and dry-blasting the metal sample block to enable the surface smoothness of the sample block to reach Ra = 1-3 μm, and then soaking the sample block in acetone for ultrasonic cleaning.
Uniformly mixing the polyurethane lubricating anticorrosive composite material containing the hydroxyl silicone oil with toluene to obtain a mixed solution with the solid content of 25%, uniformly spraying the mixed solution on the surface of a metal sample block by using a spray gun under the action of high-pressure air, drying by using a heat gun at the temperature of 110-300 ℃, maintaining the thickness of the coating at 20-30 mu m, finally heating to 150 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 180min, solidifying, and cooling to room temperature to test the tribological property and the anticorrosive property.
And testing the dry friction performance of the obtained hydroxyl silicone oil/polyurethane coating on a CSM bolt disc friction wear testing machine, wherein the friction mode is point contact reciprocating sliding friction. The specific experimental conditions are as follows:
and (3) loading a sample: an AISI-52100 bearing steel ball with the diameter of 6 mm;
loading: 5N;
amplitude: 2.5 mm;
frequency: 9 Hz;
the stable friction coefficient of the coating obtained by the test is 0.05; the wear life is 1200 m.
The obtained hydroxyl silicone oil/polyurethane coating is placed on an AMETEK electrochemical workstation to be tested for electrochemical performance, and the specific experimental conditions are as follows:
corrosion medium: 3.5% NaCl solution;
frequency range: 10000 Hz-0.01 Hz;
the initial impedance modulus of the coating obtained by the test is 2.87 multiplied by 1013After three days of soaking, the water content becomes 8.13 multiplied by 1011。
Example 2
(1) Preparation of polyurethane material:
adding 5g of polyether polyol and 8g of toluene solution into a three-neck flask, uniformly mixing, then adding 4.41g of isophorone diisocyanate with water removed in vacuum, then quickly introducing nitrogen into the system, stirring, reacting for 4h at 300r/min and 60 ℃, and removing the solvent toluene by reduced pressure distillation at 50 ℃ to obtain the polyurethane material.
(2) Preparation of graphene oxide reinforced polyurethane material:
weighing 5g of polyurethane material, quickly adding the polyurethane material into 5g of toluene solution of graphene oxide with the concentration of 5wt%, quickly introducing nitrogen into the system, stirring, reacting at 200r/min and 80 ℃ for 2h, and distilling under reduced pressure at 50 ℃ to remove the solvent to obtain the graphene oxide reinforced polyurethane material.
(3) Preparing a polyurethane lubricating anticorrosive composite material containing methyl silicone oil:
weighing 5g of graphene oxide reinforced polyurethane material, uniformly mixing with 15g of toluene, and then dropwise adding 0.25g of methyl silicone oil. Introducing nitrogen into the mixed system quickly, stirring, reacting at 250r/min and 80 ℃ for 30min, and removing the solvent again to obtain the catalyst.
(4) The preparation of the polyurethane lubricating anticorrosive composite coating containing the methyl silicone oil comprises the following steps:
firstly, surface finish treatment of a metal sample block: and polishing and dry-blasting the metal sample block to enable the surface smoothness of the sample block to reach Ra = 1-3 μm, and then soaking the sample block in acetone for ultrasonic cleaning.
Uniformly mixing the polyurethane lubricating anticorrosive composite material containing the methyl silicone oil with toluene to obtain a mixed solution with the solid content of 25%, uniformly spraying the mixed solution on the surface of a metal sample block by using a spray gun under the action of high-pressure air, drying by using a heat gun at the temperature of 110-300 ℃, finally heating to 150 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat at the temperature of 180 ℃ for solidification, and then cooling to the room temperature to test the tribological property and the anticorrosive property.
And testing the dry friction performance of the obtained graphene oxide/methyl silicone oil/polyurethane coating on a CSM bolt-disc friction wear testing machine, wherein the friction mode is point contact reciprocating sliding friction. The specific experimental conditions are as follows:
and (3) loading a sample: an AISI-52100 bearing steel ball with the diameter of 6 mm;
loading: 5N;
amplitude: 2.5 mm;
frequency: 8 Hz;
the stable friction coefficient of the coating obtained by the test is 0.007; the wear life is 2700 m.
And testing the electrochemical performance of the obtained graphene/methyl silicone oil/polyurethane coating on an AMETEK electrochemical workstation, wherein the specific experimental conditions are as follows:
corrosion medium: 3.5% NaCl solution;
frequency range: 10000 Hz-0.01 Hz;
the initial impedance modulus of the coating obtained by the test is 4.31 multiplied by 1015After three days of soaking, the water content becomes 1.69 multiplied by 1013。
Example 3
(1) Preparation of polyurethane material:
adding 8.46g of polyether polyol and 12g of toluene solution into a three-neck flask, uniformly mixing, then adding 7.5g of isophorone diisocyanate with water removed in vacuum, then quickly introducing nitrogen into the system, stirring, reacting for 4 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃ at 300r/min, and removing the solvent by reduced pressure distillation at the temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain the isophorone diisocyanate.
(2) Preparation of attapulgite-reinforced polyurethane material:
weighing 7.5g of polyurethane material, quickly adding 3g of toluene solution of attapulgite with the concentration of 10wt%, quickly introducing nitrogen into the system, stirring, reacting at 90 ℃ for 2h at 250r/min, and distilling under reduced pressure at 50 ℃ to remove the solvent to obtain the polyurethane material.
(3) Preparing a polyurethane lubricating anticorrosive composite material containing methyl silicone oil:
weighing 5g of attapulgite-reinforced polyurethane material, uniformly mixing with 20g of toluene, adding 0.75g of methyl silicone oil, then quickly introducing nitrogen into the mixed system, stirring, reacting at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 2h at 250r/min, and distilling under reduced pressure to remove the solvent to obtain the attapulgite-reinforced polyurethane material.
(3) The preparation of the polyurethane-based lubricating anticorrosive composite coating containing the methyl silicone oil comprises the following steps:
firstly, surface finish treatment of a metal sample block: and polishing and dry-blasting the metal sample block to enable the surface smoothness of the sample block to reach Ra = 1-3 μm, and then soaking the sample block in acetone for ultrasonic cleaning.
Uniformly mixing the polyurethane lubricating anticorrosive composite material containing the methyl silicone oil with toluene to obtain a mixed solution with the solid content of 20%, uniformly spraying the mixed solution on the surface of a metal sample block by using a spray gun under the action of high-pressure air, drying by using a heat gun at the temperature of 110-300 ℃, keeping the thickness of the coating at 20-30 mu m, finally heating to 150 ℃ at the speed of 7 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 180min, solidifying, and cooling to room temperature to test the tribological property and the anticorrosive property.
And (3) testing the dry friction performance of the obtained attapulgite/methyl silicone oil/polyurethane coating on a CSM bolt disc friction wear testing machine, wherein the friction mode is point contact reciprocating sliding friction. The specific experimental conditions are as follows:
and (3) loading a sample: an AISI-52100 bearing steel ball with the diameter of 6 mm;
loading: 5N;
amplitude: 2.5 mm;
frequency: 8 Hz;
the stable friction coefficient of the coating obtained by the test is 0.02; the wear-resistant life is 2270 m.
And (3) testing the electrochemical performance of the obtained attapulgite/methylsilicone oil/polyurethane coating on an AMETEK electrochemical workstation, wherein the specific experimental conditions are as follows:
corrosion medium: 3.5% NaCl solution;
frequency range: 10000 Hz-0.01 Hz;
the initial impedance modulus of the coating obtained by the test is 8.97 multiplied by 1014After three days of soaking, the water content of the mixture is 2.59 multiplied by 1012。