Background
The fresh leaves of the raw dark green tea are relatively coarse and old compared with fresh green tea leaves, and comprise green tea stems, flower tea stems and even partial red tea stems. Therefore, the raw dark tea prepared by the traditional iron pan light-removing is black and bright, has tea fragrance overflowing, but has low production efficiency and high labor intensity. With the development of tea processing machineries, a drum-type fixation machine appears later, and the drum-type fixation machine has the biggest characteristics of high production efficiency and low labor intensity, thereby being widely popularized. However, when the drum-type green removing machine removes fresh dark green tea leaves with tea stalks, the fresh black green tea leaves are supported into a shed frame shape by the tea stalks, and the tea leaves at the center of the shed frame can not contact with the wall of a pot when the drum-type green removing machine rolls, so that the phenomenon of half-grown tea leaves occurs, the dark green tea leaves generate 10-15% of red-yellow slices, and the produced dark green tea has grey green color and luster, is mixed with the red-yellow slices, is bitter in taste, heavy in green smell and taste, and has quality far inferior to that of the traditional iron pot green removing tea. In order to eliminate the defects of the dark green tea produced by a drum-type green removing machine when people prepare dark green tea products, a color selection process is adopted to remove red and yellow pieces, and processes such as steaming hot fermentation, rolling again, pile-fermentation cold fermentation, drying again and the like are adopted to improve the color and taste of the dark green tea, so that the production cost is greatly increased, and the ideal tea quality is difficult to achieve. In order to completely kill fresh leaves with stems, a method of increasing the water-removing temperature, reducing the leaf feeding amount and prolonging the water-removing time is adopted, so that the problems of increased energy consumption, scorched leaves and reduced production efficiency are caused.
For example, the technique disclosed in "category of tea fixation machine and its performance (right in love, institute of tea research of academy of agricultural sciences, chinese tea, special review, 2006.4, P13"): for example, the machine-hour yield of the 6CS70 type roller fixation machine can reach about 300kg (fresh leaves), and the roller fixation machine has the defect that if the operation is improper, the phenomenon of leaf scorching is often generated.
Also, as disclosed in "characteristics of tea water-removing machine and tea-making quality (xiao dong shang zhou and guang xi gui lin tea research institute, guang xi agro-academy, P22, 2006): the roller type water-removing machine has a common defect that the water-removing machine is difficult to master and is easy to generate astringent taste, the water-removing time of the water-removed leaves in the roller is different, the water-removing time is half a minute for a short time and 6 minutes for a long time, the water-removing time is short, the water-removing speed is high, the water-removing time is less than 3 minutes according to tests, and the astringent taste of the finished tea is aggravated accordingly.
Therefore, the existing roller type water-removing machine has two opposite phenomena of water-removing impermeability and leaf burning, because fresh black raw tea leaves with tea stalks cannot be used for absorbing heat from the inner wall and the outer wall of a tea ball, the water-removing is not uniform, a large amount of red and yellow leaves are generated, in order to reduce the red and yellow leaves, the temperature of the cylinder wall can be only increased, the fresh leaf input is reduced, the water-removing time is prolonged, the water-removing energy consumption is increased, the water-removing efficiency is reduced, the scorched leaves phenomenon is more serious, the water-removing is not uniform, the red and yellow leaves are more, and the problem of heavy green and astringent taste still exists. The water-removing quality is far lower than that of the traditional manual frying pan, and the problem that the existing roller type water-removing machine cannot solve is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and discloses a drum-type de-enzyming machine for steam-assisted de-enzyming, which can thoroughly de-enzyme fresh dark green tea leaves and keep the tea leaves to have thick fried fragrance, wherein the prepared dark green tea leaves have no red and yellow slices, are black and bright, have consistent color and luster, do not need color selection in the subsequent process, and obviously improve the de-enzyming efficiency.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: the drum-type machine that completes of supplementary completing of steam, including the organism, be equipped with the heating chamber on the upper portion of organism, be equipped with the cylinder that completes in the heating chamber, be equipped with the combustion chamber in the lower part of organism, be equipped with the furnace mouth in the combustion chamber lower part, be equipped with the tobacco pipe at the organism top, be equipped with the electric drive device of drive cylinder pivoted that completes in the left end lower part of organism, its special character lies in: a steam spray pipe is arranged in the de-enzyming roller.
Furthermore, the steam spray pipe can enter the fixation roller from the feeding end or the discharging end of the fixation roller, the length of the steam spray pipe entering the fixation roller can penetrate through the whole fixation roller, and the length of the steam spray pipe capable of spraying steam is at most the length of the fixation roller capable of fixation.
Furthermore, the steam spray pipe optimally enters the fixation roller from the discharge end of the fixation roller, the length of the steam spray pipe entering the fixation roller is 1/2 at most of the length of the fixation roller, and the steam spray pipe can spray steam with the length of 1/2 at most of the length of the fixation roller.
Furthermore, the length of the steam spray pipe entering the de-enzyming roller is 1/3 the length of the de-enzyming roller, and the length of the steam spray pipe capable of spraying steam is 1/3 the length of the de-enzyming roller capable of de-enzyming.
Further, the steam spray pipe is arranged between the center point of the fixation roller and 1/2 of the radius of the fixation roller.
Further, the steam spray holes on the steam spray pipe are in a fan shape to spray steam to the rolled tea leaves.
By adopting the technical scheme, the defects of the prior art are overcome, the problems of leaf scorching and impermeable enzyme deactivation which cannot be solved by the existing drum type enzyme deactivation machine are thoroughly solved, the fresh leaves of the raw dark green tea can be thoroughly killed, the problem of leaf scorching can be avoided, the tea leaves can be kept to have thick fried aroma, the prepared raw dark green tea does not have red and yellow sheets, is black and bright, has consistent color and luster, the subsequent process does not need color selection, and the enzyme deactivation efficiency is improved by more than 20%.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more clearly understood, a further description of the invention is provided below in relation to a particular embodiment thereof in relation to figures 1-5.
The implementation mode is as follows: as shown in fig. 1-5, the drum-type water-removing machine with steam-assisted water-removing comprises a machine body 1, a heating chamber 20 is arranged at the upper part of the machine body 1, a water-removing roller 11 is arranged in the heating chamber 20, a combustion chamber 7 is arranged at the lower part of the machine body 1, a hearth opening 5 is arranged at the lower part of the combustion chamber 7, a smoke tube 17 is arranged at the top of the machine body 1, and an electric driving device 3 for driving the water-removing roller 11 to rotate is arranged at the lower part of the left end of the machine body 1, and the drum: a steam spray pipe 18 is provided in the de-enzyming drum 11.
The steam spray pipe 18 can enter the fixation roller 11 from the feeding end or the discharging end of the fixation roller 11, the length of the steam entering the fixation roller 11 can penetrate through the whole fixation roller 11, and the steam spray length of the steam spray pipe 18 is at most the fixation length of the fixation roller 11.
The steam spray pipe 18 of the invention enters the de-enzyming roller 11 from the discharging end of the de-enzyming roller 11 optimally, the length of the steam spray pipe 18 entering the de-enzyming roller 11 is 1/2 at most of the length of the de-enzyming roller 11, and the steam spray length of the steam spray pipe 18 is 1/2 at most of the de-enzyming length of the de-enzyming roller 11.
The length of the steam spray pipe 18 entering the de-enzyming roller 11 is 1/3 of the length of the de-enzyming roller 11, and the length of the steam spray pipe 18 sprayed by the steam spray pipe is 1/3 of the de-enzyming length of the de-enzyming roller 11.
The steam spray pipe 18 of the invention is arranged between the central point of the de-enzyming roller 11 and 1/2 of the radius of the de-enzyming roller 11.
The steam spray pipe 18 is provided with steam spray holes 19, the diameter of the steam spray holes 19 is 1-5mm, generally 3-4 mm, in some embodiments, the diameter of the steam spray holes 19 is 1 mm, 2 mm, 3mm, 4 mm, 5mm, and the steam spray holes can be arranged in rows along the length direction of the steam spray pipe 18, and the distance between the holes and the rows can be 5-10 mm, and in some embodiments, the distance is 5mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm.
The steam injection holes 19 of the steam injection pipe according to the invention are arranged on the pipe wall of the pipe, viewed in cross section of the steam injection pipe 18, in a fan-shaped configuration. The size of the fan is dependent on the location of the steam nozzle 18. If the steam spraying pipe 18 is arranged at the central position of the de-enzyming roller 11, the fan-shaped size is 180 degrees when the de-enzyming roller 11 rotates counterclockwise0I.e. the sector starts at the horizontal line and is positive 450 To minus 1350. If the steam nozzle 18 is disposed at the center point of the de-enzyming drum 11 up to 1/2 of the radius of the de-enzyming drum 11, the size of the fan is 160%0I.e. starting from the horizontal line, plus 300 To minus 1300And so on for others.
The steam nozzle 18 of the present invention is designed to spray steam in a fan-like pattern toward the tumbling tea leaves.
According to the invention, the steam spray pipe is arranged in the de-enzyming roller, so that steam can be sprayed into the de-enzyming roller, tea leaves are fried and steamed while being fried in the de-enzyming roller, the steam can permeate into a shed frame formed by tea stalks, the de-enzyming of the tea leaves which cannot be de-enzymed by the de-enzyming roller is realized, the prepared black raw tea does not have a red-yellow sheet, the subsequent process does not need color selection, and the de-enzyming efficiency is improved by more than 30%.
According to the invention, the steam spray pipe enters the de-enzyming roller from the discharge end of the de-enzyming roller, the length of the steam spray pipe entering the de-enzyming roller is 1/2 which is the length of the de-enzyming roller at most, and the length of the steam spray pipe which can spray steam is 1/2 which is the length of the de-enzyming roller at most. The method can thoroughly kill the fresh crude dark green tea leaves, can keep the tea leaves having thick fried fragrance, and the prepared dark green tea has no red and yellow tablets, has consistent color, does not need color selection in the subsequent process, and improves the water-removing efficiency by over 25 percent.
According to the invention, the length of the steam spray pipe entering the de-enzyming roller is 1/3 the length of the de-enzyming roller, and the length of the steam spray pipe capable of spraying steam is 1/3 the length of the de-enzyming roller capable of de-enzyming. The steam is sprayed at the last moment before the enzyme-deactivating leaves exit the enzyme-deactivating roller, so that a high-temperature water film formed on the tea by the steam can be prevented from being evaporated by the wall of the high-temperature pot, and a layer of colloid film can be formed on the surface of the enzyme-deactivating leaves after the enzyme-deactivating leaves exit the enzyme-deactivating roller, thereby being beneficial to the fermentation reaction and the substance conversion of the tea. The fresh dark raw tea leaves can be thoroughly killed, the tea leaves can be kept to have thick fried fragrance, the prepared dark raw tea leaves have no red and yellow pieces, are black and bright, have consistent color and luster, the subsequent process does not need color selection, and the fixation efficiency is improved by more than 20%.
According to the invention, the steam spray pipe is arranged between the central point of the de-enzyming roller and 1/2 of the radius of the de-enzyming roller, and the steam spray holes on the steam spray pipe are in a fan shape to spray steam to the rolling tea leaves. The method can ensure that most of steam is directly sprayed to tea leaves without directly contacting with the inner wall of the fixation roller, thereby not only improving the fixation effect of the steam, but also avoiding the reduction of the pot temperature caused by the steam spraying of the fixation roller. The method can thoroughly kill the fresh leaves of the crude and old raw dark tea, can keep the tea leaves to have thick fried fragrance, and the prepared raw dark tea has no red and yellow tablets, is black and bright, has consistent color and luster, does not need color selection in the subsequent process, and improves the enzyme deactivating efficiency by more than 25 percent.
The calculation for improving the fixation efficiency is carried out by modifying the existing 60-type drum fixation machine, and the fixation efficiency is improved by x 100 percent according to the fixation amount per hour by adopting steam-assisted fixation and the fixation amount per hour by closing steam according to the original fixation method. If a 60-type drum-type water-removing machine is adopted to refit the steam-assisted water-removing device, the steam-assisted water-removing amount per hour is 260kg, and the steam-water-removing amount is closed, namely the water-removing amount before refitting is 200 kg/hour, the water-removing efficiency is improved by = (260-200)/200 x 100% = 30%.
Example 1: the drum-type water-removing machine with steam-assisted water-removing function comprises a machine body 1, wherein a heating chamber 21 is arranged at the upper part of the machine body 1, a water-removing drum 11 is arranged in the heating chamber 21, a combustion chamber 7 is arranged at the lower part of the machine body 1, a hearth opening 5 is arranged at the lower part of the combustion chamber 7, a smoke pipe 17 is arranged at the top of the machine body 1, an electric driving device 3 for driving the water-removing drum 11 to rotate is arranged at the lower part of the left end of the machine body 1, and a steam spray pipe 18 is arranged in the water. This embodiment can be to spraying steam in the cylinder that completes, makes the tea wrap realize in the cylinder that completes simultaneously frying and steaming, and in the rack that steam can permeate the tea stalk formation, the tea that can't complete with the cylinder that completes realizes completing, and black raw tea that makes does not have the reddish yellow piece, and follow-up technology need not the color selection, and the efficiency that completes improves 30% on average.
Example 2: the drum-type water-removing machine with steam-assisted water-removing function comprises a machine body 1, wherein a heating chamber 21 is arranged at the upper part of the machine body 1, a water-removing drum 11 is arranged in the heating chamber 21, a combustion chamber 7 is arranged at the lower part of the machine body 1, a hearth opening 5 is arranged at the lower part of the combustion chamber 7, a smoke pipe 17 is arranged at the top of the machine body 1, an electric driving device 3 for driving the water-removing drum 11 to rotate is arranged at the lower part of the left end of the machine body 1, a steam spray pipe 18 is arranged in the water-removing drum 11, and a steam spray hole 19 is. The steam spray pipe 18 can enter the fixation roller 11 from the feeding end or the discharging end of the fixation roller 11, the length of the steam entering the fixation roller 11 can penetrate through the whole fixation roller 11, and the steam spraying length of the steam spray pipe 18 is at most the fixation length of the fixation roller 11. This embodiment can be to spraying steam in the cylinder that completes, makes the tea wrap realize in the cylinder that completes simultaneously frying and steaming, and in the rack that steam can permeate the tea stalk formation, the tea that can't complete with the cylinder that completes realizes completing, and black raw tea that makes does not have the reddish yellow piece, and follow-up technology need not the look selection, and the efficiency of completing improves 35%.
Example 3: the drum-type water-removing machine with steam-assisted water-removing function comprises a machine body 1, wherein a heating chamber 21 is arranged at the upper part of the machine body 1, a water-removing drum 11 is arranged in the heating chamber 21, a combustion chamber 7 is arranged at the lower part of the machine body 1, a hearth opening 5 is arranged at the lower part of the combustion chamber 7, a smoke pipe 17 is arranged at the top of the machine body 1, an electric driving device 3 for driving the water-removing drum 11 to rotate is arranged at the lower part of the left end of the machine body 1, a steam spray pipe 18 is arranged in the water-removing drum 11, and a steam spray hole 19 is. The steam spray pipe 18 enters the fixation roller 11 from the discharge end of the fixation roller 11, the length of the steam spray pipe 18 entering the fixation roller 11 is 1/2 at most of the length of the fixation roller 11, and the steam spray length of the steam spray pipe 18 is 1/2 at most of the fixation length of the fixation roller 11. The steam jets 18 are fan shaped to direct steam towards the tumbling leaves. The method can thoroughly kill the fresh crude dark green tea leaves, can keep the tea leaves having thick fried fragrance, and the prepared dark green tea has no red and yellow tablets, has consistent color, does not need color selection in the subsequent process, and improves the water-removing efficiency by 25.6 percent.
Example 4: the drum-type green removing machine with steam-assisted green removing comprises a machine body 1The upper part of the machine body 1 is provided with a heating chamber 21, the heating chamber 21 is internally provided with a water-removing roller 11, the lower part of the machine body 1 is provided with a combustion chamber 7, the lower part of the combustion chamber 7 is provided with a hearth opening 5, the top of the machine body 1 is provided with a smoke tube 17, the lower part of the left end of the machine body 1 is provided with an electric driving device 3 for driving the water-removing roller 11 to rotate, and the water-removing roller 11 is internally provided with a steam spray tube 18. The wall of the steam nozzle 18 is provided with a steam nozzle hole 19. The outer end of the steam spray pipe 18 is communicated with the steam conveying pipe 14, and the steam conveying pipe 14 is fixed on the machine body shell 12 through a fixing frame 15. The length of the steam spray pipe 18 entering the de-enzyming roller 11 is 1/3 of the length of the de-enzyming roller 11, and the length of the steam spray pipe 18 sprayed by the steam spray pipe is 1/3 of the de-enzyming length of the de-enzyming roller 11. The steam injection holes 19 are arranged in a fan-shaped configuration, as seen in the cross-section of the steam injection pipe 18. The steam spray pipe 18 is arranged at the center of the de-enzyming roller 11, and the size of the fan shape is 180 degrees when the de-enzyming roller 11 rotates counterclockwise0I.e. the sector starts at the horizontal line and is positive 450 To minus 1350. The steam jets 18 thus fan steam towards the tumbling tea leaves. The steam is sprayed at the last moment before the enzyme-deactivating leaves exit the enzyme-deactivating roller, so that a high-temperature water film formed on the tea by the steam can be prevented from being evaporated by the wall of the high-temperature pot, and a layer of colloid film can be formed on the surface of the enzyme-deactivating leaves after the enzyme-deactivating leaves exit the enzyme-deactivating roller, thereby being beneficial to the fermentation reaction and the substance conversion of the tea. The method can thoroughly kill the fresh leaves of the crude and old raw dark tea, can keep the tea leaves to have thick fried fragrance, and the prepared raw dark tea has no red and yellow tablets, is black and bright, has consistent color and luster, does not need color selection in the subsequent process, and improves the enzyme deactivating efficiency by 20.5 percent.
Example 5: the drum-type enzyme deactivating machine with the steam-assisted enzyme deactivating function comprises a machine body 1, a heating chamber 21 is arranged on the upper portion of the machine body 1, an enzyme deactivating drum 11 is arranged in the heating chamber 21, two ends of the enzyme deactivating drum 11 protrude out of two ends of the machine body 1, the front end of the enzyme deactivating drum 11 is supported by a front supporting wheel 16, the rear end of the enzyme deactivating drum is supported by a rear supporting wheel 9, a drum gear ring 13 is arranged on the outer wall of the front end, a feeding trough 2 is arranged at a front end feeding hole, a discharging trough 8 is arranged below a rear end discharging hole, and guide vanes 10 are arranged in a drum wall 20 of the enzyme deactivating. The lower part of the machine body 1 is provided with a combustion chamber 7, the lower part of the combustion chamber 7 is provided with a hearth opening 5, and the lower part of the hearth opening 5 is provided with an air inlet and an ash outlet 6. On the top of the machine body 1 is provided withThe smoke tube 17 is provided with an electric driving device 3 for driving the de-enzyming roller 11 to rotate at the lower part of the left end of the machine body 1, and the electric driving device 3 consists of a motor 22, a driving wheel 23, a driving wheel 24 and a roller gear ring 13. A steam spray pipe 18 is provided in the de-enzyming drum 11. The steam spray pipe 18 is provided with a steam spray hole 19, the outer end of the steam spray pipe 18 is communicated with the steam transmission pipe 14, and the steam transmission pipe 14 is fixed on the machine body shell 12 through a fixing frame 15. The length of the steam spray pipe 18 entering the de-enzyming roller 11 is 1/3 of the length of the de-enzyming roller 11, and the length of the steam spray pipe 18 sprayed by the steam spray pipe is 1/3 of the de-enzyming length of the de-enzyming roller 11. The steam spray pipe 18 is arranged at the center point of the de-enzyming roller 11 and upwards reaches 1/2 of the radius of the de-enzyming roller 11. The steam nozzle 18 is provided with steam injection holes 19, the diameter of the steam injection holes 19 being 3 mm. When the de-enzyming drum 11 rotates counterclockwise, the steam jet holes 19 are arranged in a fan-shaped layout viewed from the cross section of the steam jet pipe 18, and the sprayed steam is sprayed to the tumbling tea leaves from a fan shape with an angle of 160 degrees, namely, the fan shape takes the horizontal line as a starting point and is positive 30 degrees0 To minus 1300. The method can ensure that most of steam is directly sprayed to tea leaves without directly contacting with the inner wall of the fixation roller, thereby not only improving the fixation effect of the steam, but also avoiding the reduction of the pot temperature caused by the steam spraying of the fixation roller. The method can thoroughly kill the fresh leaves of the crude and old raw dark tea, can keep the tea leaves to have thick fried fragrance, and the prepared raw dark tea has no red and yellow tablets, is black and bright, has consistent color and luster, does not need color selection in the subsequent process, and improves the enzyme deactivating efficiency by 26 percent.
While the invention has been described with respect to specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and other changes, omissions and deviations in the form and detail thereof may be made without departing from the scope of this invention. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; meanwhile, any equivalent changes, modifications and alterations of the above embodiments according to the spirit and techniques of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.