CN112644104A - Simulated leather, simulated leather base cloth and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Simulated leather, simulated leather base cloth and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112644104A CN112644104A CN202011414276.6A CN202011414276A CN112644104A CN 112644104 A CN112644104 A CN 112644104A CN 202011414276 A CN202011414276 A CN 202011414276A CN 112644104 A CN112644104 A CN 112644104A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002649 leather substitute Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/024—Woven fabric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/08—Animal fibres, e.g. hair, wool, silk
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a simulated leather, a simulated leather base cloth and a manufacturing method thereof, belonging to the field of synthetic leather, wherein firstly, a weaving cloth taking sea island superfine fibers as main materials is compounded with a non-weaving cloth by needling, the sea part is removed by fiber splitting, then the base cloth is compounded with genuine leather fibers by spunlace to form a soft base cloth with high tensile property, and then a surface layer is processed on the base cloth in a veneering or coating mode. In addition, the leather fiber is organically combined, and processes such as PU impregnation and the like are not needed, so that the leather fiber is renewable and more environment-friendly compared with the existing process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of artificial leather, in particular to simulated leather, simulated leather base cloth and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
At present, microfiber fibers are widely used as raw materials of artificial synthetic leather for processing synthetic leather with high simulation degree, but the skin-friendly property of the synthetic leather is poor. Meanwhile, in the production and processing process of the real leather, a large amount of leftover materials of the animal leather can be generated, and the current mainstream method is to crush the leftover materials of the animal leather, add chemical raw materials, mix and process the leftover materials into the simulation leather, wherein the simulation leather has rough workmanship, poor tensile property and poor air permeability.
Chinese patent application No. CN201710222285.7 discloses a method for producing a dermal fiber composite microfiber synthetic leather, which comprises the steps of obtaining dermal fibers by crushing dermal scraps, directly winding the dermal fibers with microfiber by spunlacing, and carrying out processing procedures such as resin impregnation and reduction to produce synthetic leather, thereby providing a use mode for treating the dermal scraps.
The inventors of the present application have long worked on the manufacturing industry of artificial leather, and found that the concept of producing synthetic leather proposed in the above patent has related tests and samples in 2003 and 2004, and found that the following problems mainly exist: 1. the production method is characterized in that the leather fiber is violently mixed into the superfine fiber and processed and produced according to the synthetic leather processing method of the superfine fiber, and the finished product has loose structure, tensile resistance and resilience after deformation which are not as good as those of the leather, but are poorer than those of simulated leather processed by only adopting the superfine fiber, and can not meet the actual requirement. 2. The production method involves multiple procedures such as impregnation, solidification, drying, weight reduction and the like, and the procedures are complex, have long production period and are not suitable for mass production; in addition, the structure of the dermis fiber is destroyed and does not function in the above process. Therefore, the above patents are difficult to satisfy the actual use requirements and cannot be mass-produced, so that the mass production is not performed in late time.
Based on this, the present application is proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for manufacturing regenerated island microfiber artificial leather, which recycles and fully utilizes genuine leather fibers in leftover materials of animal leather processing, so that the genuine leather fibers and the superfine fibers are compounded and processed to form artificial leather base cloth with the strength, the tensile property, the air permeability and other properties and the hand feeling close to those of natural leather, and the method can improve the performance and the skin affinity of the artificial leather and also can improve the effective utilization rate of the genuine leather fibers.
In order to achieve the purpose, the manufacturing method of the artificial leather comprises the following steps: the sea-island superfine fiber is used as a raw material to be respectively processed into the superfine fiber woven fabric and the superfine fiber non-woven fabric according to a weaving mode and a non-weaving mode. And carrying out composite processing on the microfiber woven fabric and the microfiber non-woven fabric in a needling mode to obtain the needled composite fabric. Removing sea in the sea-island superfine fiber by the needle-punched composite fabric through a decrement method, and only keeping islands; the method is characterized in that the genuine leather fiber recovered from the leftover material of the animal skin is processed into the fiber cloth by adopting a papermaking method. And compounding the reduced needling composite cloth and the genuine leather fiber in a spunlace mode to form the base cloth. And processing a surface layer on the base cloth by using a veneer or a coating to obtain the synthetic leather.
In the above-mentioned manufacturing method, the needle-punched composite fabric formed by combining the woven fabric and the nonwoven fabric is processed by the subtractive method, and the remaining framework of the woven fabric and the framework of the nonwoven fabric are combined to form a high tensile strength winding structure, which is soft in material and does not prick the surface, and thus has basic skin-friendly properties. The fiber cloth has certain toughness and higher density and gram weight, and the fiber cloth and the needle punched composite cloth after reduction can be mutually filled and complemented by carrying out spunlace composite on the fiber cloth and the needle punched composite cloth, so that a primary product with the softness, skin-friendly property, toughness, density and resilience close to those of animal dermis is formed, and only corresponding finishing processing needs to be carried out on the surface layer in combination, so that the hand feeling and the texture on the surface are close to those of the dermis.
Furthermore, because the double-track processing of the decrement step and the processing of the dermal fiber are not affected, the dermal fiber (animal fiber recovered from leftover materials of animal skins, commonly called as dermal fiber) in the process of processing can not be damaged, so that the shape and the structure of the dermal fiber can be kept to the maximum extent in the mass production process: on one hand, the utilization effect and the use amount of the real leather fibers are effectively improved, on the other hand, the manufacturing method is also suitable for mass production, the real leather fibers are not damaged destructively in the mass production process, the organic structure of the real leather fibers and the needle-punched composite cloth is ensured, further, the leather or the leather base cloth which has the closest or completely consistent performance with that of the leather or the leather base cloth obtained by the method in sample processing can be manufactured in mass production, and the stability of the yield and the quality is ensured.
In addition, the processed surface layer is realized by a veneering or coating mode, compared with the prior art, the process is simple, convenient to process and environment-friendly, the performance of the main body material of the artificial leather is determined by the performance of the base cloth of the artificial leather, and the surface layer is mainly used for facilitating the subsequent processing to ensure that the simulated grains, the luster and the leather hand feeling are close to the real leather, so that the simulation degree is improved.
The invention further provides the following: the surface layer of the synthetic leather is subjected to post-treatment such as polishing, dyeing and the like, so that the synthetic leather has texture similar to the surface of animal leather, and is closer to animal leather in terms of vision and texture so as to meet the actual use requirement.
The invention further provides the following: the pressure of the water jet is not less than 1.0 x 107Pa, because the fiber cloth and the needle-punched composite cloth both have certain thickness and the density of the fiber cloth is higher in the two, if the spunlace pressure is insufficient, the fiber cloth is difficult to be fully 'fused' into the needle-punched composite cloth, the fiber cloth and the needle-punched composite cloth cannot penetrate and be mixed into a whole and are difficult to separate, the phenomenon of layering is easily caused, and performance indexes such as strength, toughness, softness and air permeability of the processed base cloth are far away from the standard of leather due to insufficient fusion degree of the fiber cloth and the needle-punched composite cloth, so that a large number of failed products exist.
Secondly, because the hydro-entangled processing mode is a flexible processing mode, the pricking pin is smaller than the needling pin, so that excessive damage to the dermal fiber can not be caused during processing, the natural shape and length of the dermal fiber can be kept as much as possible, and the leather fiber still has good tensile resistance and rebound resilience after being processed into synthetic leather.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a leather-simulated base fabric, which comprises the following steps: the sea-island superfine fiber is used as a raw material to be respectively processed into the superfine fiber woven fabric and the superfine fiber non-woven fabric according to a weaving mode and a non-weaving mode. And carrying out composite processing on the microfiber woven fabric and the microfiber non-woven fabric in a needling mode to obtain the needled composite fabric. Removing sea in the sea-island superfine fiber by the needle-punched composite fabric through a decrement method, and only keeping islands; the method is characterized in that the genuine leather fiber recovered from the leftover material of the animal skin is processed into the fiber cloth by adopting a papermaking method. And compounding the reduced needling composite cloth and the genuine leather fiber in a spunlace mode to form the base cloth.
The invention also aims to protect the simulated leather obtained by the method for manufacturing the simulated leather and the base cloth obtained by the method for manufacturing the base cloth of the simulated leather, wherein the simulated leather has stable structure, good air permeability, hand feeling very similar to that of real leather and better tensile resistance than that of the real leather.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the manufacturing method of the artificial leather and the manufacturing method of the artificial leather base cloth provided by the invention have the advantages of fewer steps, simple process and less variables, so that the quality of a product manufactured by mass production is similar to that of an experimental product, the product quality is stable, and the method is suitable for mass production.
2) The manufacturing method of the artificial leather and the manufacturing method of the artificial leather base cloth provided by the invention do not need to adopt the processes or processing steps of PU impregnation, integral cloth reduction and the like, and the surface layer is processed in a veneering and coating mode for hand feeling and texture treatment, so that the process is simplified, the production difficulty is reduced, and the artificial leather base cloth is more environment-friendly compared with the prior art.
3) The artificial leather product obtained by the manufacturing method has the advantages of consistent appearance texture, good crease resistance and tensile resistance, difficult deformation, good air permeability, nearly consistent hand feeling with real leather, fine crease lines and slow rebound resilience similar to real leather, and mechanical properties such as stripping load and tearing load higher than real leather.
4) The invention can correspondingly adjust the physical parameters of the product, such as strength, tensile resistance, softness, handfeel and the like, by adjusting the proportion of the leather fiber and the sea-island superfine fiber, fully adapts to the use requirements of different occasions and environments, has high adjustability and is more convenient to adjust the proportion in actual production.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, but the following embodiments are only for understanding the present invention and do not limit the present invention, the features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, and the present invention can be implemented in various different ways as defined and covered by the claims.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a method for manufacturing environment-friendly recycled microfiber artificial leather includes the following steps:
A. the sea-island superfine fiber is used as a raw material to be respectively processed into the superfine fiber woven fabric and the superfine fiber non-woven fabric according to a weaving mode and a non-weaving mode.
B. Carrying out composite processing on the microfiber woven fabric and the microfiber non-woven fabric in a needling mode to obtain needled composite fabric;
C. removing sea in the sea-island superfine fiber by the needle-punched composite fabric through a decrement method, and only keeping islands;
D. processing the genuine leather fiber recovered from the leftover material of the animal skin into fiber cloth by adopting a papermaking method;
E. compounding the reduced needle punched composite cloth and the genuine leather fiber in a spunlace mode to form base cloth;
F. the surface layer is processed on the base cloth by veneering or coating, such as spraying water-based PU, and the synthetic leather is obtained.
In the step A, the sea-island superfine fibers are used as raw materials to process the superfine fiber woven cloth and the superfine fiber non-woven cloth with completely different structures, the superfine fiber woven cloth is woven by a weaving method, and has the characteristics of flat, fine and uniform structure, and the sea-island superfine fibers in the non-woven cloth are mutually wound, have high structural strength and strong air permeability, so the sea-island superfine fibers in the non-woven cloth are finely and stably wound on the woven cloth by processing the superfine fiber woven cloth and the non-woven cloth through needling combination in the step B on the basis of the plane structure of the superfine fiber woven cloth, thereby forming a three-dimensional net structure with a solid framework, and the obtained needling combination cloth has high strength, toughness, high density and solid hand feeling. The common gram weight of the needle-punched composite cloth is 100g/m3Above, thicknessIt is thicker, generally 0.6mm or more. The thickness ratio or the gram weight ratio between the microfiber woven fabric and the microfiber non-woven fabric is generally 1: 0.5-1: 1.5, and the concrete use is up-regulated or down-regulated according to the tensile property and strength requirements required by different use occasions, such as hard leather bags, cases, automobile cushions and the like. If the requirements on the tensile resistance and the strength are higher, the proportion of the microfiber nonwoven fabric needs to be smaller, and if the proportion of the microfiber nonwoven fabric to the microfiber nonwoven fabric is less than 0.3, the strength and the final texture of the finished product are greatly influenced.
In the step B, the needling processing is adopted, and one of the advantages is that the microfiber woven fabric and the microfiber non-woven fabric can be fully intertwined; the two benefits of needling process can endow the composite cloth with higher strength and toughness: if the spunlace is adopted for compounding, the strength and the tensile strength of the needled composite cloth obtained by compounding are insufficient, and the needled composite cloth is easy to tear when being subjected to high-strength pulling force.
In the step C, the needled composite cloth in the step B is required to be modified, only a winding structure with high tensile strength formed by combining the framework of the woven cloth and the framework of the non-woven cloth is left, a large amount of fibers at sea positions in the winding structure are removed, so that the texture of the winding structure becomes sparse, the density and the thickness are reduced, the winding structure is soft in hand feeling, but the reserved island parts have extremely high toughness and tensile resistance and are not easy to break, and the foundation is laid for the tensile resistance and the toughness of the simulated leather. And E, carrying out spunlace compounding on the fiber cloth and the fiber cloth with higher density and gram weight, so that the fiber cloth and the reduced needled composite cloth can be filled and complemented with each other, and a high-density moderate-thickness net-shaped winding structure is formed and has softness, toughness, higher density and rebound resilience. The present invention is processed by the above steps because the animal dermis is very soft while having very high stretch resistance, toughness, wear resistance and air permeability. Therefore, the core and difficulty of the simulation of the artificial leather also lie in that the artificial leather needs to be soft and have the characteristics.
As mentioned above, in step E, fromUnder the action of a medicament, the thickness of the sea-island fibers in the needle-punched composite cloth is close to that of the animal skin fibers after the needle-punched composite cloth is reduced, so that the subsequent composite processing is facilitated, the thickness of the whole material fibers of the base cloth obtained by the simultaneous processing is consistent, and the uniformity of the simulation leather can be ensured only under the condition that the fibers are close, so that the winding uniformity and the overall uniformity of the base cloth are ensured, the overall uniformity can further improve the stretch-resistant performance of the simulation leather, and the product quality can also be improved. Further, in step E, the pressure of the water-jet is not less than 1.0X 107Pa, otherwise, the fiber cloth and the needle-punched composite cloth are difficult to penetrate together and are difficult to be compounded into a tightly connected whole.
In the step D, the leather fibers are processed into the compact fiber cloth by adopting the papermaking method, and besides the compactness and the flexibility of the fiber cloth, the formed surface, hand feeling and air permeability of the leather fibers are very close to those of animal skins after the leather fibers are processed by the papermaking method, so that the simulation degree of a finished product is further improved from the aspects of air permeability, hand feeling and the like.
After the processing of the steps, the obtained base fabric has tensile resistance except the leather texture and the animal texture of the surface layer, so that the overall performances of softness, tensile resistance, compactness, resilience and the like of the base fabric are close to those of the leather texture and material characteristics.
Finally, the surface layer can be subjected to post-treatment such as polishing, dyeing and the like according to the specific requirements of the application occasion, so that the surface layer has the texture similar to the surface of the animal dermis.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the density/grammage of the woven fabric to the density/grammage of the nonwoven fabric is 1:0.5 to 1: 1.5.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the density or the grammage of the needle-punched composite fabric to the density or the grammage of the fiber fabric is 1:1 to 1: 1.5.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the thickness of the fiber cloth to the thickness of the needle-punched composite cloth is 1:1 to 1: 3.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure of the water jet is 3.0X 107Pa。
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the microfiber nonwoven fabric in the step A is processed in a needling winding manner, and the gram weight of the obtained microfiber nonwoven fabric is 80-100 g/m3The composite material has better mechanical properties such as tensile resistance, strength and the like, and when the composite material is compounded with microfiber weaving cloth, the composite material is easier to penetrate and wind after being processed again due to the fact that the composite material is processed in a needling winding mode in advance.
In another embodiment of the invention, the microfiber nonwoven fabric in the step a is processed by a spunlace entanglement method, and the obtained microfiber nonwoven fabric has a low gram weight of about 60-80 g/m3The corresponding thickness is also thinner, and because the winding of the spunlace process is tighter, when the composite fabric is compounded with the microfiber woven fabric, the obtained needled composite fabric has denser texture and better softness than that of a needled composite fabric.
In addition, as a preferable mode of the above embodiment of the present invention, the processing mode of the microfiber woven fabric is warp and weft interweaving, and a general plain weave method is adopted, and the number of warps and wefts is preferably equal, and more preferably 20 to 40. If special requirements exist in special occasions, the number of the warps and the wefts can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the advantageous effects of the present invention.
Example 1
A1, respectively processing the sea-island superfine fibers as raw materials according to a warp-weft weaving mode and a needle-punched non-weaving mode to obtain the product with the gram weight of 100g/m3 ＋2g/m3A microfiber woven fabric with a thickness of 0.4mm and a gram weight of 100g/m3 ＋2g/m3And a microfiber nonwoven fabric having a thickness of 0.8 mm.
B1, carrying out composite processing on the microfiber woven fabric and the microfiber non-woven fabric in a needling mode to obtain the microfiber non-woven fabric with the gram weight of 200g/m3 ＋2g/m3And the thickness of the needle-punched composite cloth is 1.1 mm.
C1, immersing the needle punched composite fabric into a sodium hydroxide solution, removing the sea in the sea-island superfine fiber in a weight reducing machine at the maximum working temperature of 98 ℃, the bath ratio of (1:7) - (1:15) and the cloth speed of 20-150 m/mi, and only keeping the island; the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 15-20 g/L, and the alkali decrement by the dipping method is a mature technology, and the specific principle is not described in the embodiment and other embodiments.
D1 processing the dermal fiber recovered from the leftover of animal skin into 60g/m gram weight by paper making method3 ＋2g/m3The thickness is 0.2mm fiber cloth, and this specific treatment technique also is a mature technique, and is not the technical essential of this application, no longer in this embodiment and other embodiments repeated.
E1, carrying out spunlace on the reduced needle-punched composite cloth and the fiber cloth (adopting 16-36 holes/cm double-hole injection and the pressure of 3.0 multiplied by 10)7Pa, the water spraying aperture is 0.08-0.12 mm, and the rotating speed is 24-40 m/min) to form the base fabric.
F1, processing a surface layer with the thickness of about 0.3-0.6 mm on the base cloth by spraying water-based PU, thereby obtaining the synthetic leather.
Example 2
A2, respectively processing the sea-island superfine fibers as raw materials according to a warp-weft weaving mode and a needle-punched non-weaving mode to obtain the product with the gram weight of 80g/m3 ＋2g/m3A microfiber woven fabric with a thickness of 0.2mm and a gram weight of 100g/m3 ＋2g/m3And a microfiber nonwoven fabric having a thickness of 0.6 mm.
B2, carrying out composite processing on the microfiber woven fabric and the microfiber non-woven fabric in a needling mode to obtain the microfiber non-woven fabric with the gram weight of 180g/m3 ＋2g/m3And the thickness of the needle-punched composite cloth is 0.8 mm.
C2, immersing the needle punched composite fabric into a sodium hydroxide solution, removing the sea in the sea-island superfine fiber in a weight reducing machine at the maximum working temperature of 98C, the bath ratio of (1:7) - (1:15) and the cloth speed of 20-150 m/mi, and only keeping the island; the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 15-20 g/L, and the alkali decrement by the dipping method is a mature technology, and the specific principle is not described in the embodiment and other embodiments.
D2 processing the dermal fiber recovered from the leftover of animal skin into 60g/m gram weight by paper making method3 ＋2g/m30.2mm thick fiber clothThe specific processing technology is also a mature technology, is not a technical point of the present application, and is not described in detail in this embodiment and other embodiments.
E2, carrying out spunlace on the reduced needle-punched composite cloth and the fiber cloth (adopting 16-36 holes/cm double-hole injection and the pressure of 3.0 multiplied by 10)7Pa, the water spraying aperture is 0.08-0.12 mm, and the rotating speed is 24-40 m/min) to form the base fabric.
F2, processing a surface layer with the thickness of about 0.3-0.6 mm on the base cloth by spraying water-based PU, thereby obtaining the synthetic leather.
Example 3
A1, respectively processing the sea-island superfine fibers as raw materials according to a warp-weft weaving mode and a needle-punched non-weaving mode to obtain the product with the gram weight of 100g/m3 ＋2g/m3A microfiber woven fabric with a thickness of 0.4mm and a gram weight of 150g/m3 ＋2g/m3And a microfiber nonwoven fabric having a thickness of 1.2 mm.
B1, carrying out composite processing on the microfiber woven fabric and the microfiber non-woven fabric in a needling mode to obtain the microfiber non-woven fabric with the gram weight of 250g/m3 ＋2g/m3And the thickness of the needle-punched composite cloth is 1.4 mm.
C1, immersing the needle punched composite fabric into a sodium hydroxide solution, removing the sea in the sea-island superfine fiber in a weight reducing machine at the maximum working temperature of 98C, the bath ratio of (1:7) - (1:15) and the cloth speed of 20-150 m/mi, and only keeping the island; the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 15-20 g/L, and the alkali decrement by the dipping method is a mature technology, and the specific principle is not described in the embodiment and other embodiments.
D1 processing the dermal fiber recovered from the leftover of animal skin into 60g/m gram weight by paper making method3 ＋2g/m3The thickness is 0.2mm fiber cloth, and this specific treatment technique also is a mature technique, and is not the technical essential of this application, no longer in this embodiment and other embodiments repeated.
E1, carrying out spunlace on the reduced needle-punched composite cloth and the fiber cloth (adopting 16-36 holes/cm double-hole injection and the pressure of 3.0 multiplied by 10)7Pa, a water spray aperture of 0.08 to 0.12mm, and a rotation speed of 24 to 40 m/min) to form a composite matrixAnd (3) cloth.
F1, spraying water-based PU on the base fabric to process a surface layer with the thickness of about 0.3-0.6 mm, thereby obtaining the average gram weight of 400 g/m3And the thickness of the synthetic leather is 1.3 mm.
Comparative example
Selecting indefinite island superfine fibers of which the island component is polyamide and the sea component is polyethylene and the total fineness is 6dtex, opening the coarse part of the fibers by a coarse opener, further finely opening the fibers by a fine opener, further mixing and balancing the fibers in a mixing large bin, fully carding the fibers by a carding machine, forming a net and outputting, folding the net into 24 layers of fiber nets by a lapping machine, outputting, and repeatedly needling and entangling the fibers up and down by 6 needling machines to prepare the superfine fiber non-woven fabric with the gram weight of 600g/m2 and the thickness of 2.4 mm.
The superfine fiber non-woven fabric is subjected to relaxation setting in an oven, the temperature is set to be 90-150 ℃, and single-layer setting cloth is prepared; then the superfine fiber synthetic leather base material with the gram weight of 640g/m2 and the thickness of 1.6mm is prepared by soaking polyurethane and extracting toluene. And (3) oiling and drying the base material, then splitting the base material into three layers, wherein the average gram weight of each layer is 200g/m2, the thickness of each layer is 0.5mm, and the superfine fiber synthetic leather is obtained and can be subjected to further post-finishing process.
From the test results, the simulated leather manufactured by the invention is not lower than animal dermis in the aspect of mechanical index, and the hand feeling is very close, while the parameters of the common artificial leather purchased in the market shown in the comparative example are far lower than those of the invention and the animal dermis.
Claims (9)
1. The manufacturing method of the simulated leather is characterized by comprising the following steps:
respectively processing the super-fiber woven fabric and the super-fiber non-woven fabric by taking the sea-island super-fine fiber as a raw material according to a weaving mode and a non-weaving mode;
carrying out composite processing on the microfiber woven fabric and the microfiber non-woven fabric in a needling mode to obtain needled composite fabric;
removing sea in the sea-island superfine fiber by the needle-punched composite fabric through a decrement method, and only keeping islands;
processing the genuine leather fiber recovered from the leftover material of the animal skin into fiber cloth by adopting a papermaking method;
compounding the reduced needle punched composite cloth and the genuine leather fiber in a spunlace mode to form base cloth;
and processing a surface layer on the base cloth by using a veneer or a coating to obtain the synthetic leather.
2. The method for manufacturing artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein: and carrying out post-treatment such as polishing, dyeing and the like on the surface layer of the synthetic leather.
3. The method for manufacturing artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the density/gram weight of the woven fabric to the density/gram weight of the non-woven fabric is 1: 0.5-1: 1.5.
4. The method for manufacturing artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the density or the gram weight/gram weight of the needle-punched composite cloth to the density or the gram weight of the fiber cloth is 1: 1-1: 1.5.
5. The method for manufacturing artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the thickness of the fiber cloth to the thickness of the needle-punched composite cloth is 1: 1-1: 3.
6. The method for manufacturing artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein: the pressure of the water jet is not less than 1.0 x 107Pa。
7. An artificial leather is characterized in that: processed by the manufacturing method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. A manufacturing method of simulated leather base cloth is characterized by comprising the following steps:
respectively processing the super-fiber woven fabric and the super-fiber non-woven fabric by taking the sea-island super-fine fiber as a raw material according to a weaving mode and a non-weaving mode;
carrying out composite processing on the microfiber woven fabric and the microfiber non-woven fabric in a needling mode to obtain needled composite fabric;
removing sea in the sea-island superfine fiber by the needle-punched composite fabric through a decrement method, and only keeping islands;
processing the genuine leather fiber recovered from the leftover material of the animal skin into fiber cloth by adopting a papermaking method;
and compounding the reduced needling composite cloth and the genuine leather fiber in a spunlace mode to form the base cloth.
9. The simulated leather base cloth is characterized in that: processed by the manufacturing method of claim 8.
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| CN1651644A (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2005-08-10 | 山东同大纺织机械有限公司 | High strength ultrafine fiber simulation composite lether and its manufacturing method |
| CN104695133A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-06-10 | 吴琦 | Processing technology of high-strength spunlace leather fiber composite cloth |
| CN108691095A (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2018-10-23 | 安安(中国)有限公司 | A kind of production method of the compound microfiber synthetic leather of corium fabric |
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| CN1651644A (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2005-08-10 | 山东同大纺织机械有限公司 | High strength ultrafine fiber simulation composite lether and its manufacturing method |
| CN104695133A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-06-10 | 吴琦 | Processing technology of high-strength spunlace leather fiber composite cloth |
| CN108691095A (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2018-10-23 | 安安(中国)有限公司 | A kind of production method of the compound microfiber synthetic leather of corium fabric |
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