CN112710565A - Channel on-site shearing force experimental device and method for lossless concrete - Google Patents

Channel on-site shearing force experimental device and method for lossless concrete Download PDF

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CN112710565A
CN112710565A CN202011488638.6A CN202011488638A CN112710565A CN 112710565 A CN112710565 A CN 112710565A CN 202011488638 A CN202011488638 A CN 202011488638A CN 112710565 A CN112710565 A CN 112710565A
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force
bolt
channel
shear
rectangular
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CN112710565B (en
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万桥
姜新华
陈亚平
屈凯文
黄烯望
韦雨齐
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Wuhan Material Protection Research Institute Co Ltd Of China National Machinery Engineering Corp
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Wuhan Research Institute of Materials Protection
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/24Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0025Shearing
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30Nuclear fission reactors

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Abstract

The invention discloses a non-destructive concrete channel on-site shearing force experimental device and a testing method, which are mainly used for on-site shearing tests of channels without stressed supporting points, which are installed on concrete in a tunnel. The two displacement sensor fixed blocks are respectively contacted with one ends of the two shearing stress loading blocks. Utilize the channel body as shear test atress strong point, through driving force bolt, atress connecting bolt, shearing atress loading piece and the effective connection of rectangle power connection switching groove, become the inside shearing force of system through the rotatory fastening of power driving force bolt to the shearing force that originally needs outside atress to support just can the loading, rethread force sensor and displacement sensor and then record the shearing force of embedded channel or outward appearance channel.

Description

Channel on-site shearing force experimental device and method for lossless concrete
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of on-site detection of embedded channels and externally-hung channels, relates to a channel on-site shearing force experimental device and method for nondestructive concrete, and is particularly used for on-site shearing test of nondestructive concrete of embedded channels and externally-hung channels which are embedded and installed in tunnels.
Background
At present, the channel technology is mainly divided into a pre-buried channel technology and an externally-hung channel technology. The embedded chute technology is characterized in that C-shaped channel steel is embedded in concrete in the process of prefabricating the concrete in a tunnel, the external hanging channel technology is characterized in that a channel is externally hung and fixed on an embedded sleeve or an anchor bolt, and cables, pipelines, equipment and the like are fixed on a shield pipe piece through T-shaped bolts during later electromechanical installation.
In actual use, the channel is not only subjected to axial stretching acting force, but also longitudinal and transverse shearing acting forces, and due to the difference between the installation and anchoring conditions under laboratory conditions and on-site construction conditions, the channel is not only subjected to axial stretching acting force, but also subjected to longitudinal and transverse shearing acting forces. Therefore, in the later period, the embedded channel which is already installed in the concrete in the tunnel or the externally hung channel which is already installed in the tunnel needs to be detected on site.
At present, two situations generally exist in the prefabrication of an embedded channel in concrete, one is to directly embed in a pipe piece field, and the embedded channel is installed in a tunnel together with pipe pieces in the later period; the other method is that the concrete is directly cast in situ and installed in the concrete in the tunnel when the concrete is cast in situ in the tunnel. And the external hanging groove is directly externally hung on concrete in the tunnel.
There is provided a pre-buried channel device for shear test in utility model patent (CN208171764U), but the device buries the spout sample in advance in the concrete in the laboratory, only simulates pre-buried channel in-service operating mode, and the shearing force that its device surveyed can not represent the actual shearing force that receives of the pre-buried spout of on-the-spot shield segment more. But also is not suitable for on-site shearing of the externally hung channel.
Utility model (CN207779832U) provides a multi-functional buried channel shearing force test frock, and the device is only simulation T type bolt and the spout shearing force between the spout among the spout at T type bolt-up, and is not carried out the spout and is pre-buried among the concrete.
The invention provides a shearing test device of a pre-buried channel on a shield segment and a detection method thereof in the patent of invention (CN 110132759A), wherein the method and the shearing device are mainly applied to the channel pre-buried in the shield segment, the method mainly utilizes a grabbing and lifting head with threads on the segment as a supporting point of a reverse force, the supporting point is the key that the device can be fixedly arranged on the segment and provides a reverse acting force, and the core factor of the method is that an additional reverse force fixing point is required on the segment. Due to stray current and the requirements of corrosion prevention and attractiveness, the grabbing and lifting head can be closed after the duct piece enters the tunnel, so that the method is not suitable for detecting the pipe piece entering the pre-buried channel arranged in the tunnel. In addition, the rectangular tunnel made by cast-in-place concrete is not provided with a grabbing head, and no additional stressed supporting point exists in the tunnel, so that the method is not suitable for the shear test of the embedded channel in the cast-in-place tunnel. The hanging groove is not fixed, so the method is not suitable for the position without the fixed point of the reverse force.
In the prior art, the steel plate is arranged on one side of the width of the duct piece, the duct piece bolt holes and the duct piece are used for fixing the steel plate to be used as counter force, but the duct piece entering the tunnel is assembled, so that the method for fixing the steel plate to be used as the counter force by the duct piece bolt holes and the duct piece bolts becomes impossible.
At present, in the tunnel, the external stress supporting points can be obtained only by means of mechanical anchor bolts, and the method causes additional mechanical damage and damage to the tunnel concrete, so that the service life of the tunnel concrete is shortened. Under the condition of not damaging concrete, the existing method and device can only complete the field detection of the axial tensile bearing capacity of the embedded channel or the externally hung channel, and the method and device capable of completing the longitudinal and transverse shear bearing capacity of the embedded channel or the external channel are lacked. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method and apparatus for field testing of longitudinal and transverse shearing of pre-buried channels or appearance channels in tunnels without damaging concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the existing technical problems and provides a nondestructive concrete field test shear test method and device for an embedded channel and an externally-hung channel in a tunnel. The method is low in cost and high in cost performance, the problem of shearing test of the embedded channel and the externally hung channel without the stress supporting point on the concrete in the tunnel can be effectively solved, an anchor bolt drawing instrument can be omitted in the test process, and the method is simple in test and convenient to carry.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a harmless concrete's on-spot shearing force experimental apparatus of channel which characterized in that: the device comprises two shearing stress loading blocks, a driving force bolt, a stress connection conversion mechanism, a stress connecting bolt and a displacement sensor for measuring the position change of the two shearing stress loading blocks, wherein the two shearing stress loading blocks are fixed on a channel to be detected through a T-shaped bolt, the driving force bolt, the stress connection conversion mechanism and the stress connecting bolt are sequentially arranged between the two shearing stress loading blocks, one end of the driving force bolt is connected with the shearing stress loading block at the corresponding end through thread fit, the other end of the driving force bolt is connected with the stress connection conversion mechanism through a revolute pair, the stress connection conversion mechanism is connected with the shearing stress loading block at the corresponding end through the stress connecting bolt, the relative positions of the stress connection conversion mechanism and the shearing stress loading block at the two ends of the driving force bolt can be changed in the process of screwing the driving force bolt by external force, and the conversion, and a force sensor for detecting the shearing force is arranged between the stressed connection conversion mechanism and the stressed connecting bolt.
Further, the two shear stress loading blocks have the same structure and respectively comprise an internal threaded hole and a through hole for being installed on the channel, and the axes of the internal threaded hole and the through hole are perpendicular to each other.
Further, drive power bolt one end be equipped with cut the external screw thread that internal thread hole matches on the atress loading piece, the other end be with the connecting portion that the shifter links to each other is connected in the atress, drive power bolt middle part is equipped with the atress portion of being convenient for exert external force.
Further, the force receiving portion is a polygonal column coaxial with the driving force bolt.
Furthermore, the force-bearing connection conversion mechanism is a rectangular force-bearing connection conversion groove, connecting holes are formed in two ends of the rectangular force-bearing connection conversion groove, one connecting hole is connected with the driving force bolt, the connecting portion on the driving force bolt is a cylindrical head portion with the size larger than that of the connecting hole, and the other connecting hole is used for being connected with the force-bearing connecting bolt.
Further, atress connecting bolt one end is equipped with the rectangle head, and the other end is equipped with the external screw thread, rectangle head one end is installed at rectangle power and is connected the converting groove, and external screw thread one end links to each other with the internal thread hole on shearing atress loading piece, force transducer is gasket type pressure sensor, gasket type pressure sensor cover is located on the atress connecting bolt, and is located between the inboard tip of rectangle head and rectangle power connection converting groove.
Furthermore, the side face of the rectangular head is provided with a positioning screw hole, and the rectangular force connection conversion groove is provided with a corresponding fixing hole.
Furthermore, the rectangular force connection conversion groove is formed by detachably connecting four steel plates through bolts.
Further, lubricating oil for reducing friction is coated between the cylindrical head of the driving force bolt and the inner end of the rectangular force connection conversion groove.
The pressure sensor and the displacement sensor are respectively connected with the data acquisition unit, and the force and displacement data are recorded through the data acquisition unit.
A shear experiment method utilizing the channel field shear force experiment device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, connecting an external thread end of a driving force bolt with an internal thread hole of a shearing stress loading block after penetrating through a connecting hole in a rectangular force connection conversion groove;
step 2, sleeving a stressed connecting bolt on a gasket type pressure sensor, penetrating through another connecting hole in the rectangular force connection conversion groove, and connecting the stressed connecting bolt in an internal thread hole of another shearing stressed loading block;
step 3, fixing the two shearing stress loading blocks on one channel or two adjacent channels to be detected through a T-shaped bolt;
step 4, adjusting the stressed connecting bolt and the driving force bolt to enable the gasket type pressure sensor to be just zero, and respectively arranging a displacement sensor at the outer sides of the two shearing stressed loading blocks;
and 5, screwing the driving force bolt through external force, collecting displacement data of the displacement sensor and pressure data detected by the gasket type pressure sensor, and finishing a shearing experiment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention utilizes the channel body as a stress supporting point of a shear test, skillfully changes shear force which can be loaded only by external stress support into internal shear force of a system through the rotation and fastening of the force driving force bolt through the effective connection of the driving force bolt, the stress connecting bolt, the shear stress loading block, the rectangular force connection conversion groove, the pressure sensor and the displacement sensor, and then measures the shear force and displacement data of the embedded channel or the externally hung channel through the pressure sensor and the displacement sensor which are arranged in the system. The method perfectly solves the problem that the pre-buried channel and the appearance channel in the tunnel cannot be subjected to a shear force test without bearing points on concrete. In particular, the on-site shear force test of the cast-in-place type embedded channel under the condition of not damaging concrete becomes possible.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an installation schematic diagram of a field shearing force experimental device for longitudinal shearing of a pre-buried channel.
Fig. 2 is an installation schematic diagram of a field shearing force experimental device for transverse shearing of a pre-buried channel.
FIG. 3 is an installation schematic diagram of a field shearing force experimental device for longitudinal shearing of an externally hung channel.
FIG. 4 is an installation schematic diagram of a field shearing force experimental device for transverse shearing of an externally hung channel.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a driving force bolt.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a force coupling bolt.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a rectangular force coupling transition slot.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a force sensor.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a shear force loading block.
1-a first shear stress loading block, 101-a through hole, 102-an internal threaded hole, 103-a loading block body, 2-a driving force bolt, 201-a stress part, 202-an external threaded head part, 203-a cylindrical head part, 3-a rectangular force connection conversion groove, 301-a fixed hole, 302-a lower connecting hole, 303-an upper connecting hole, 304-a rectangular steel plate, 4-a force sensor, 401-a through hole, 5-a stress connecting bolt, 501-an external threaded head part, 502-a rectangular head part, 503-a positioning screw hole, 6-a displacement sensor, 7-a displacement sensor fixing block, 8-a data collector and 9-a second shear stress loading block.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, specific embodiments of the present invention are shown for further explanation of the method of the present invention.
Example 1
The installation schematic diagram of the method is shown in figure 1 (longitudinal shear test of the embedded channel), and the on-site shearing force experimental device for the channel of the lossless concrete comprises a first shearing stress loading block 1, a driving force bolt 2, a rectangular force connection conversion groove 3, a force sensor 4, a stress connection bolt 5, a second shearing stress loading block 9, a displacement sensor 6, a displacement sensor fixing block 7 and a data acquisition unit 8.
Two shearing stress loading blocks are fixed on a channel to be detected through a T-shaped bolt, as shown in figure 1, wherein a first shearing stress loading block 1 is fixed on the upper part of the channel to be detected through the T-shaped bolt, a second shearing stress loading block 9 is fixed on the lower part of the channel to be detected through the T-shaped bolt, a driving force bolt 2, a rectangular force connection conversion groove 3 and a stress connecting bolt 5 are sequentially arranged between the two shearing stress loading blocks, wherein the upper end of the driving force bolt 2 is connected with the first shearing stress loading block 1 through thread fit, the lower end of the driving force bolt is connected with the upper end of the rectangular force connection conversion groove 3 through a revolute pair, the lower end of the rectangular force connection conversion groove 3 is connected with the second shearing stress loading block 9 through the stress connecting bolt 5, and in the process of screwing the driving force bolt 2 by using external force, the relative position of the rectangular force connection conversion groove 3 and, the rectangular force connection conversion groove 3 is used for conversion, the tension change between the first shearing stress loading block 1 and the second shearing stress loading block 9 is changed, so that a shearing force test is carried out, and a force sensor 4 for detecting the shearing force is arranged between the rectangular force connection conversion groove 3 and the stressed connecting bolt 5.
The first shear force loading block 1 and the second shear force loading block 9 have the same structure, and the first shear force loading block 1 is taken as an example for illustration, as shown in fig. 9, the first shear force loading block comprises a rectangular loading block body 103, a through hole 101 for mounting a T-shaped bolt is arranged on the front side surface of the loading block body 103, and an internal thread hole 102 is arranged on the side surface perpendicular to the side surface.
As shown in fig. 5, one end of the driving force bolt 2 is provided with a cylindrical head 203, the other end is provided with an external thread head 202 matching with the internal thread hole 102 of the shear stress loading block, the middle part of the driving force bolt 2 is provided with a stress part 201 matching with the driving wrench, the stress part 201 can be a polygonal column coaxial with the driving force bolt 2, in this embodiment, a hexagonal column, and it should be noted that the size of the stress part 201 needs to be smaller than the upper connection hole 303 on the rectangular force connection conversion slot 3 so as to pass through the hole.
As shown in fig. 7, the rectangular force connection and conversion groove 3 is formed by splicing four rectangular steel plates 304 by bolts, and the upper and lower short steel plates of the rectangular force connection and conversion groove 3 are respectively provided with an upper connection hole 303 and a lower connection hole 302. Two fixing holes 301 are formed in the long steel plate on one side of the rectangular force connection conversion groove 3 and are used for being connected with positioning screw holes 503 of the stressed connecting bolts 5.
As shown in fig. 8, the force sensor 4 is a gasket type pressure sensor, and a through hole 401 for passing the force-receiving connecting bolt 5 is formed in the middle of the force sensor.
As shown in fig. 6, one end of the stressed connecting bolt 5 is provided with an external thread head 501 matched with the shearing stressed loading block, the other end of the stressed connecting bolt is provided with a rectangular head 502 matched with the inner size of the rectangular force connection conversion groove 3, and the side part of the rectangular head 502 is provided with a positioning screw hole 503 corresponding to the fixing hole 301. The displacement sensors 6 are fixed on the outer sides of the two shearing stress loading blocks through the displacement sensor fixing blocks 7, in the embodiment, the number of the displacement sensors 6 is two, the two displacement sensors are respectively located at the top of the first shearing stress loading block 1 and the bottom of the second shearing stress loading block 9, and the two displacement sensors are used for detecting the displacement of the two shearing stress loading blocks.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for testing the nondestructive concrete field test shear of a pre-buried channel in a tunnel, wherein the pre-buried channel is a channel C installed in the concrete in the tunnel, comprises the following steps:
firstly, the stressed connecting bolt 5 penetrates through a through hole 401 of the force sensor 4, then the stressed connecting bolt 5 with the force sensor 4 penetrates through a lower connecting hole 302 on the rectangular force connection conversion groove 3, and finally a fastening bolt penetrates through a fixing hole 301 on a side plate of the rectangular force connection conversion groove 3 and is fixedly connected with a positioning screw hole 503 on the stressed connecting bolt 5.
And (3) connecting and fixing the second shearing stress loading block 9 with the stress connecting bolt 5 (the external thread head part 501 of the stress connecting bolt 5 is connected with the internal thread hole of the second shearing stress loading block 9).
The male screw head 202 of the driving force bolt 2 is inserted through the upper coupling hole 303 of the rectangular force coupling conversion groove 3.
The first shear force loading block 1 is fixedly connected with the driving force bolt 2 (the external thread head 202 of the driving force bolt 2 is connected with the internal thread hole 102 of the first shear force loading block 1).
As shown in fig. 1, a first shear stress loading block 1 and a second shear stress loading block 9 are respectively fixed on an embedded channel C by using T-shaped bolts.
During the experiment, utilize drive spanner clockwise rotation drive power 201 positions on the bolt, along with drive power bolt tightening, drive power bolt to the 1 direction motion of first shearing atress loading piece and then transmit the pulling force for atress connecting bolt 5 and gasket formula pressure sensor through rectangle power connection converting groove 3 to by gasket formula pressure sensor collection atress data.
During the test, the first shearing stress loading block 1 and the second shearing stress loading block 9 are respectively subjected to downward tension and upward tension, and displacement data are collected by the displacement sensor 6. And finally, the displacement sensor 6 and the gasket type pressure sensor transmit the acquired data to the data acquisition unit 8.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 2, the steps of installing and implementing the transverse shear test of the embedded channel, the longitudinal shear test of the external hanging channel, and the transverse shear test are the same as those in embodiment 1, except that the first shear-stressed loading block 1 and the second shear-stressed loading block 9 are respectively installed on the two channels, and are not described again.
It should be noted that the length of the external thread of the driving force bolt 2 and the length of the internal thread of the shear force loading block are sufficient, and the length of the thread which is not screwed into the external thread of the driving force bolt and the internal part of the shear force loading block during the test is sufficient to meet the test requirements.
It should be noted that the cylindrical head 203 of the driving bolt 2 and one side of the rectangular force connection converting groove 3 should be coated with lubricating oil to reduce friction.
It should be noted that the rectangular force connection converting groove 3 must be designed to be rectangular, and the rectangular force connection converting groove 3 does not rotate when the cylindrical head 203 of the driving force bolt 2 rotates.
It should be noted that the head rectangle of the stressed connecting bolt 5 must have the same height and width inside the rectangular force connection conversion slot 3, and when the cylindrical head 203 of the driving bolt 2 rotates, the head rectangle of the stressed connecting bolt 5 perfectly fits with the rectangle inside the rectangular force connection conversion slot 3, and cannot rotate along with the head rectangle.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications or equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种无损混凝土的槽道现场剪切力实验装置,其特征在于:包括两个剪切受力加载块、驱动力螺栓、受力连接转换机构、受力连接螺栓和用于测量两个剪切受力加载块位置变化的位移传感器,两个剪切受力加载块通过T型螺栓固定在待检测槽道上,所述驱动力螺栓、受力连接转换机构和受力连接螺栓依次安装于两个剪切受力加载块之间,其中所述驱动力螺栓一端通过螺纹配合与相应端的剪切受力加载块相连,另一端通过转动副与受力连接转换机构相连,受力连接转换机构通过受力连接螺栓与相应端的剪切受力加载块相连,利用外力拧动驱动力螺栓过程中,能改变其两端的受力连接转换机构和剪切受力加载块的相对位置,通过受力连接转换机构转换,改变两个剪切受力加载块之间拉力变化,从而进行剪切力试验,所述受力连接转换机构和受力连接螺栓之间设有用于检测剪切力大小的力传感器。1. a channel on-site shear force experiment device of non-destructive concrete, is characterized in that: comprise two shear stress loading blocks, driving force bolts, stress connection conversion mechanism, stress connection bolts and for measuring two The displacement sensor for the position change of the shear force loading block, the two shear force loading blocks are fixed on the channel to be detected by T-bolts, and the driving force bolt, the force connection conversion mechanism and the force connection bolt are installed in sequence on the Between two shearing force loading blocks, one end of the driving force bolt is connected with the shearing force loading block at the corresponding end through threaded fitting, and the other end is connected with the force-bearing connection conversion mechanism through a rotating pair, and the force-bearing connection conversion mechanism The force connecting bolt is connected to the shear force loading block at the corresponding end. During the process of screwing the driving force bolt with external force, the relative position of the force connection conversion mechanism at both ends and the shear force loading block can be changed. The connection conversion mechanism is converted to change the tension change between the two shear stress loading blocks, so as to carry out the shear force test. sensor. 2.如权利要求1所述的槽道现场剪切力实验装置,其特征在于:两个剪切受力加载块结构一样,均包括内螺纹孔和用于安装在槽道上的通孔,所述内螺纹孔和通孔的轴线相互垂直。2. The channel on-site shear force experiment device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the two shear stress loading blocks have the same structure, and both include internal threaded holes and through holes for being installed on the channel, so The axes of the inner threaded hole and the through hole are perpendicular to each other. 3.如权利要求2所述的槽道现场剪切力实验装置,其特征在于:所述驱动力螺栓一端设有与剪切受力加载块上内螺纹孔匹配的外螺纹,另一端为与所述受力连接转换机构相连的连接部,所述驱动力螺栓中部设有便于施加外力的受力部。3. The channel on-site shear force experiment device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: one end of the driving force bolt is provided with an external thread matching the internal threaded hole on the shear stress loading block, and the other end is The force-receiving part is connected to the connecting part of the conversion mechanism, and the middle part of the driving force bolt is provided with a force-receiving part which is convenient for applying external force. 4.如权利要求3所述的槽道现场剪切力实验装置,其特征在于:所述受力部为与驱动力螺栓同轴的多边形柱。4 . The on-site shear force experiment device of the channel according to claim 3 , wherein the force-receiving part is a polygonal column coaxial with the driving force bolt. 5 . 5.如权利要求3所述的槽道现场剪切力实验装置,其特征在于:所述受力连接转换机构为矩形力连接转换槽,所述矩形力连接转换槽两端均设有连接孔,其中一个连接孔与驱动力螺栓相连,所述驱动力螺栓上的连接部为尺寸大于该连接孔的圆柱形头部,另一个连接孔用于与受力连接螺栓相连。5. The channel on-site shear force experiment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the force connection conversion mechanism is a rectangular force connection conversion groove, and both ends of the rectangular force connection conversion groove are provided with connecting holes , one of the connecting holes is connected with the driving force bolt, the connecting part on the driving force bolt is a cylindrical head with a size larger than the connecting hole, and the other connecting hole is used for connecting with the force-bearing connecting bolt. 6.如权利要求5所述的槽道现场剪切力实验装置,其特征在于:所述受力连接螺栓一端设有矩形头部,另一端设有外螺纹,所述矩形头部一端安装在矩形力连接转换槽,外螺纹一端与剪切受力加载块上的内螺纹孔相连,所述力传感器为垫片式压力传感器,所述垫片式压力传感器套设于受力连接螺栓上,且位于矩形头部和矩形力连接转换槽的内侧端部之间。6. The channel on-site shear force experiment device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: one end of the stressed connecting bolt is provided with a rectangular head, the other end is provided with an external thread, and one end of the rectangular head is installed on the The rectangular force connection conversion groove, one end of the external thread is connected with the internal thread hole on the shear force loading block, the force sensor is a gasket type pressure sensor, and the gasket type pressure sensor is sleeved on the force connecting bolt, And it is located between the rectangular head and the inner end of the rectangular force connection conversion slot. 7.如权利要求6所述的槽道现场剪切力实验装置,其特征在于:所述矩形头部侧面设有定位螺孔,所述矩形力连接转换槽上设有相应的固定孔。7 . The on-site shear force experiment device of the channel according to claim 6 , wherein the side surface of the rectangular head is provided with positioning screw holes, and the rectangular force connection conversion groove is provided with corresponding fixing holes. 8 . 8.如权利要求5所述的槽道现场剪切力实验装置,其特征在于:所述矩形力连接转换槽由四块钢板通过螺栓可拆卸相连组成。8 . The on-site shear force experiment device of the channel according to claim 5 , wherein the rectangular force connection conversion groove is composed of four steel plates that are detachably connected by bolts. 9 . 9.如权利要求5所述的槽道现场剪切力实验装置,其特征在于:所述驱动力螺栓的圆柱形头部与矩形力连接转换槽内侧端部之间涂覆有用于减少摩擦力的润滑油。9. The channel on-site shear force experiment device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the cylindrical head of the driving force bolt and the inner end of the rectangular force connection conversion groove are coated with a coating for reducing frictional force of lubricating oil. 10.一种利用权利要求6所述的槽道现场剪切力实验装置的剪切实验方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:10. a shear experiment method utilizing the channel on-site shear force experiment device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: 步骤1、将驱动力螺栓的外螺纹端穿过矩形力连接转换槽上的连接孔后与剪切受力加载块的内螺纹孔相连;Step 1. Connect the external thread end of the driving force bolt through the connecting hole on the rectangular force connection conversion groove and connect it with the internal thread hole of the shear force loading block; 步骤2、将受力连接螺栓套上垫片式压力传感器,之后穿过矩形力连接转换槽上另一个连接孔,然后连接在另一个剪切受力加载块的内螺纹孔内;Step 2. Put the force connecting bolt on the gasket pressure sensor, then pass through another connecting hole on the rectangular force connecting conversion groove, and then connect it to the inner thread hole of the other shear force loading block; 步骤3、将两个剪切受力加载块通过T型螺栓固定在待测检测的一个槽道上或者两个相邻槽道;Step 3. Fix the two shear force loading blocks on one channel or two adjacent channels to be tested through T-bolts; 步骤4、调整受力连接螺栓和驱动力螺栓,使得垫片式压力传感器刚好为零,在两个剪切受力加载块外侧的分别布置一个位移传感器;Step 4. Adjust the force connecting bolt and the driving force bolt so that the gasket pressure sensor is just zero, and arrange a displacement sensor on the outside of the two shear force loading blocks; 步骤5、通过外力拧动驱动力螺栓,采集位移传感器的位移数据及垫片式压力传感器所检测到的压力数据,完成剪切实验。Step 5: Twist the driving force bolt by external force, collect the displacement data of the displacement sensor and the pressure data detected by the gasket-type pressure sensor, and complete the shearing experiment.
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