CN112760137B - An integrated energy-saving and environmentally friendly device and method for multi-stage fluidized bed coal gasification and suspended melting reduction smelting - Google Patents
An integrated energy-saving and environmentally friendly device and method for multi-stage fluidized bed coal gasification and suspended melting reduction smeltingInfo
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- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
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- C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
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- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/12—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
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- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/466—Entrained flow processes
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/721—Multistage gasification, e.g. plural parallel or serial gasification stages
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0033—In fluidised bed furnaces or apparatus containing a dispersion of the material
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0283—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a CO-shift step, i.e. a water gas shift step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
- C10J2300/0936—Coal fines for producing producer gas
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
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- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/164—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with conversion of synthesis gas
- C10J2300/1656—Conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-section entrained-flow bed coal gasification and suspension state smelting reduction smelting integrated energy-saving and environment-friendly device and method. The integrated multi-section entrained-flow bed coal gasification technology and the suspension smelting reduction smelting technology are integrated, and are integrated and innovated for coal gasification and suspension smelting reduction smelting. The integrated device and the method for integrating energy-saving, environment-friendly and efficient coal gasification and suspension smelting reduction smelting are formed, the integration and the fusion of the device and the method overcome the respective defects, exert the respective advantages, realize the new technological breakthrough and have remarkable novelty, creativity and practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multi-section entrained-flow bed coal gasification and suspension state smelting reduction smelting integrated energy-saving and environment-friendly device and method, and belongs to the technical field of coal gasification energy conservation and environment protection.
Background
Coal gasification is a key technology for efficient clean utilization of coal. Various furnace types used in the current production, such as a space furnace, a sublimating furnace and the like, all have (1) a high-temperature chilling process, wherein the temperature of raw gas at 1200-1800 ℃ is reduced to 200-250 ℃, the sensible heat loss of the gas is large, (2) the gasification rate of coal is 85-95%, about 5-15% of coal coke enters ash slag to cause the loss of carbon, and (3) a special ash slag treatment system is needed, so that the investment is increased. How to change the conditions, reduce the gasification heat loss, improve the utilization rate of the carbon and treat the gasified ash with low cost is a problem which is always considered by scientific research technicians.
Blast furnace ironmaking has the problems of high energy consumption, coking requirement and environmental pollution. In order to reduce energy consumption and protect environment, various non-blast furnace direct smelting reduction iron-making technologies are being researched in competition. In recent years, flash iron-making concepts are proposed by referring to the flash copper-making technology. However, flash copper smelting is an exothermic reaction, the strong thermodynamic conditions brought by the self reaction enable the flash smelting of copper, while iron smelting is an endothermic reaction, and the reaction can be quickly driven only by strong thermodynamic force and reducing gas with as much hydrogen as possible. Therefore, searching for low-cost and powerful thermodynamic and hydrogen-rich reducing gases is a possible key to the trend of flash iron-making technology.
Based on the invention patent of a multi-section entrained-flow bed coal gasification method and equipment coupled with high-temperature transformation (patent No. 2015155258. X), the invention integrates a mature process of fused flash copper smelting and molten pool reduction iron making by using a multi-section entrained-flow bed coal gasification technology, and provides powerful thermodynamic force and reducing gas with hydrogen as much as possible for flash iron making. The integrated integration of the three components not only overcomes three problems existing in entrained flow coal gasification, but also provides strong heat energy support and reducing atmosphere support with hydrogen as much as possible for flash reduction smelting, so that the flash reduction smelting is possible.
But it brings a new problem in terms of how to use the excess heat energy and the reducing gas. If not used, the energy consumption of iron making is greatly increased, so that the energy consumption of flash iron making exceeds the energy consumption of blast furnace iron making, which is also the key of the current people's problem of flash iron making technology. Therefore, the invention provides a technology for integrating mature heat energy power generation and coal gasification production, and realizes the integrated technology of pulverized coal gasification-flash ironmaking-heat energy power generation-coal gasification production, so that the invention has economic rationality on the basis of obvious technical novelty, creativity and practicability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multistage entrained flow coal gasification suspension smelting reduction smelting integrated energy-saving environment-friendly device and method, which are the fusion integration of a coal gasification technology and a suspension smelting reduction smelting technology, and provide a novel energy-saving environment-friendly device and method for coal gasification, suspension smelting reduction iron making and solid waste treatment.
The invention provides a multistage entrained flow coal gasification suspension state melting reduction smelting integrated energy-saving environment-friendly device and method, which particularly concern that three problems existing in entrained flow coal gasification are overcome, and meanwhile, strong heat energy and reducing atmosphere support with hydrogen as much as possible are provided for flash reduction smelting, so that the flash reduction smelting is possible. Aiming at the new problems, the invention further provides an integrated technology of pulverized coal gasification-flash ironmaking-thermal power generation-coal gasification production, so that the invention has economic rationality on the basis of remarkable novelty, creativity and practicability.
The invention provides a multistage entrained-flow bed coal gasification suspension state smelting reduction smelting integrated energy-saving environment-friendly device, which comprises an entrained-flow bed coal gasification device, a coal gas conversion hydrogen production device, a suspension state smelting reduction smelting device and a molten pool device which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the other side of the molten pool is provided with a rising flue and a high-temperature coal gas outlet, and the outer end of the outlet is sequentially connected with a heat energy power generation device and a coal gasification production device;
the entrained-flow bed coal gasification device is positioned at the upper part of the integrated device, and the top of the furnace body is provided with a coal powder inlet, an oxygen inlet and a first water vapor inlet, wherein the height of the gasification device is less than 1.5 m;
The coal gasification device of the entrained flow bed is connected with a coal gas conversion hydrogen production device, and the two side surfaces of the upper part of the coal gas conversion hydrogen production device are provided with a material inlet and a second steam inlet;
a suspension state smelting reduction smelting device is connected below the coal gas conversion hydrogen production device;
the entrained flow coal gasification device, the coal gas conversion hydrogen production device and the suspension smelting reduction smelting device are integrated devices with water cooling walls and lining refractory materials;
The integrated device may be circular, square or polygonal;
The lower part of the integrated device is provided with a molten pool which is rectangular or oblong, the molten pool is provided with a slag outlet, a molten iron outlet and high-temperature coal gas, oxygen and calcium oxide injection inlets which are distributed on two sides of the molten pool in a staggered way, the bottom of the molten pool is inclined towards the molten iron outlet, and the other end of the molten pool is provided with a rising flue and a high-temperature coal gas outlet.
The integrated device is an integrated vertical gasification suspension reduction smelting furnace which is formed by an entrained flow coal gasification device, a coal gas conversion hydrogen production device and a suspension smelting reduction smelting device, and the diameter of the furnace body is in a horn shape which is sequentially increased from top to bottom.
The diameter of the rising flue of the molten pool is larger than that of the suspension smelting reduction smelting device.
The invention provides an integrated energy-saving and environment-friendly method for coal gasification suspension smelting reduction smelting, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The pulverized coal gasification process comprises the following steps:
Spraying 30% of the total amount of pulverized coal, oxygen and steam into a gasification furnace from an inlet at the top of an entrained flow coal gasification device, enabling the materials to enter the gasification furnace for pulverized coal gasification, enabling the gas temperature to reach 1500-1800 ℃, enabling the working pressure in the gasification furnace to be normal pressure, and enabling the pulverized coal to be a mixture of pulverized coal with granularity lower than 2 milli-meter, wherein the proportion of the pulverized coal with granularity lower than 75 μm is not higher than 85%;
(2) The hydrogen production by gas conversion and material injection processes:
The high-temperature mixed gas flow of the raw gas gasified at the upper part and ash slag enters a gas conversion hydrogen production device positioned at the middle part, 70% of the total amount of water vapor is sprayed into a second water vapor inlet, and the mixture is subjected to CO conversion to prepare H 2, so that the hydrogen content in the gas component is improved;
(3) Suspension state smelting reduction smelting:
After the materials enter the furnace, carrying out a smelting reduction reaction in a high-temperature reducing atmosphere and in a suspension floating state to finish the reduction smelting of more than 80 percent of the materials;
(4) High-temperature gas, oxygen and calcium oxide powder are intermittently sprayed to the iron slag mixture in the molten pool through a high-temperature gas, oxygen and calcium oxide spraying opening on the molten pool, so that heat is supplemented to the molten pool and the iron and slag mixture is stirred to promote the slagging, iron slag separation and carburizing process:
(5) Carbon particles which are not completely gasified in the coal gasification process continuously fall into a molten pool to supplement carbon of the molten pool, float on the upper layer of molten iron of the molten pool to form a carbon layer, and complete the continuous reduction reaction of suspended molten reduction falling ferrous oxide which is not completely reduced, so that the full and complete utilization of carbon in the coal gasification process is realized;
(6) Slag processing in the coal gasification process is solved by utilizing the slag making, slag separating and slag discharging functions of the suspension-state smelting reduction molten pool;
(7) The high-temperature air flow from the outlet of the rising flue after the suspension smelting reduction smelting process is completed is used for thermal energy power generation and coal gas hydrogen production or other chemical production, and the integration of the technology of coal gasification-suspension smelting-thermal energy power generation-coal gasification production is realized.
The specific process flow in the method is described as follows:
The materials in the step (2) comprise metallurgical dust, mud and slag solid waste, iron ore powder and refractory chromium and nickel metal ore, wherein the granularity of the iron ore powder and refractory chromium and nickel metal ore powder is less than 200 meshes;
The materials in the step (2) are preheated, the preheating temperature is 100-500 ℃, and the weight ratio of the water vapor to the pulverized coal is 0.1-0.2:1.
The multistage entrained flow coal gasification suspension smelting and reducing integrated method is characterized in that the quantity of heat and reducing agent generated by pulverized coal added in the upper coal gasification process is 1.2-2 times of the quantity of heat and reducing agent required by lower material suspension smelting and reducing smelting;
the integrated method for gasifying, suspending, smelting and reducing the coal by using the multistage entrained flow bed is characterized in that according to the contents of specific silicon, magnesium, aluminum and calcium in slag, corresponding amount of calcium oxide powder is sprayed into a slag layer of a molten pool to form low-melting-point calcium salt so as to promote slag formation and slag-iron separation;
The multistage entrained-flow bed coal gasification suspension smelting and reduction smelting integrated method is characterized in that the temperature of high-temperature coal gas flow at the outlet of a molten pool is 1200-1500 ℃, and the content of CO+H 2 is more than 50%.
The multistage entrained-flow bed coal gasification suspension state smelting and reduction integrated method is characterized in that steam generated by a water cooling wall of a gasification furnace is connected with a thermal energy power generation device and used for thermal energy power generation, and the heat utilization rate of the whole integrated device is improved.
The invention has the technical characteristics and beneficial effects that a, three problems existing in entrained flow coal gasification are overcome, namely, gasification heat loss is reduced, the utilization rate of carbon is improved, gasified ash slag is treated with low cost, b, strong heat energy support and reducing atmosphere support with hydrogen as much as possible are provided for flash reduction smelting, so that the flash reduction smelting is possible, c, the integrated complete device is gasified, the system is operated under micro negative pressure, the environmental pollution is small, d, the mature heat energy power generation and coal gasification technology is further integrated, excessive high-temperature gas heat energy and coal gas are utilized, and the invention is novel, creative, practical and economic and reasonable through the integration of 'pulverized coal gasification-flash ironmaking-heat energy power generation-coal gasification production'.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of an integrated energy-saving and environment-friendly device for coal gasification suspension smelting reduction of a multi-section entrained flow.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an integrated energy-saving and environment-friendly complete device for coal gasification suspension smelting reduction of a multi-section entrained-flow bed.
In the figure, 1, a pulverized coal inlet, 2, an oxygen inlet, 3, a first water vapor inlet, 4, an entrained flow coal gasification device, 5, a material preheating device, 6, a material inlet, 7, a second water vapor inlet, 8, a gas shift hydrogen production device, 9, a suspension smelting reduction smelting device, 10, a molten pool, 11, a high-temperature gas, an oxygen and calcium oxide powder injection inlet, 12, a slag outlet, 13, a molten iron outlet, 14, a rising flue and a high-temperature gas outlet, 15, a water-cooled wall steam ladle, 16, a thermal energy power generation device, 17 and a coal gasification production device.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by, but not limited to, the following examples.
The integrated energy-saving and environment-friendly device comprises an entrained-flow coal gasification device 4, a coal gas conversion hydrogen production device 8, a suspended smelting reduction smelting device 9 and a molten pool 10 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein an ascending flue and a high-temperature coal gas outlet 14 are arranged on the other side of the molten pool 10, and the outer end of the outlet is sequentially connected with a thermal energy power generation device 16 and a coal gasification production device 17;
the entrained-flow bed coal gasification device 4 is positioned at the upper part of the integrated device, the top of the furnace body is provided with a coal powder inlet 1, an oxygen inlet 2 and a first water vapor inlet 3, and the height of the gasification device 4 is less than 1.5 m;
The coal gasification device 4 of the entrained flow bed is connected with a coal gas conversion hydrogen production device 8, and two side surfaces of the upper part of the coal gas conversion hydrogen production device 8 are provided with a material inlet 6 and a second steam inlet 7, wherein the material inlet 6 is connected with a material preheating device 5;
A suspension state smelting reduction smelting device 9 is connected below the gas shift hydrogen production device 8;
the entrained flow coal gasification device 4, the coal gas conversion hydrogen production device 8 and the suspension smelting reduction smelting device 9 are integrated devices with water cooling walls and lining refractory materials;
The integrated device may be circular, square or polygonal;
The lower part of the integrated device is provided with a molten pool 10, the molten pool 10 is rectangular or oblong, the molten pool 10 is provided with a slag outlet 12, a molten iron outlet 13 and high-temperature gas, oxygen and calcium oxide injection inlets 11 which are distributed on two sides of the molten pool in a staggered manner, the bottom of the molten pool 10 is inclined towards the molten iron outlet 3, and the other end of the molten pool 10 is provided with a rising flue and a high-temperature gas outlet 14.
The integrated device is an integrated vertical gasification suspension reduction smelting furnace which is formed by an entrained flow coal gasification device 4, a coal gas conversion hydrogen production device 8 and a suspension smelting reduction smelting device 9, and the diameter of the furnace body is in a horn shape which is sequentially increased from top to bottom.
The diameter of the rising flue of the molten pool 10 is larger than that of the suspended smelting reduction smelting device 9.
The invention adopts the device and provides an integrated energy-saving and environment-friendly method for multi-section entrained-flow coal gasification suspension smelting reduction smelting, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The pulverized coal gasification process comprises the following steps:
Spraying 30% of the total amount of pulverized coal, oxygen and steam into a gasification furnace from an inlet at the top of an entrained flow coal gasification device, enabling the materials to enter the gasification furnace for pulverized coal gasification, enabling the gas temperature to reach 1500-1800 ℃, enabling the working pressure in the gasification furnace to be normal pressure, enabling the granularity of the pulverized coal to be a mixture of below 2mm and 75 mu m of pulverized coal, wherein the proportion of the pulverized coal with granularity less than 75 mu m is not higher than 85%;
(2) The hydrogen production by gas conversion and material injection processes:
the high-temperature mixed gas flow of the raw gas gasified at the upper part and ash slag enters a gas conversion hydrogen production device positioned at the middle part, and water vapor is sprayed to carry out CO conversion to prepare H 2, so that the hydrogen content in gas components is improved;
(3) Suspension state smelting reduction smelting:
After the materials enter the furnace, carrying out a smelting reduction reaction in a high-temperature reducing atmosphere and in a suspension floating state to finish the reduction smelting of more than 80 percent of the materials;
(4) High-temperature gas, oxygen and calcium oxide powder are intermittently blown into the iron slag mixture in the molten pool through a high-temperature gas, oxygen and calcium oxide blowing inlet on the molten pool, so that heat is supplemented for the molten pool and the iron and slag mixture is stirred to promote the slagging, iron slag separation and carburizing process:
(5) Carbon particles which are not completely gasified in the coal gasification process continuously fall into a molten pool to supplement carbon of the molten pool, float on the upper layer of molten iron of the molten pool to form a carbon layer, and complete the continuous reduction reaction of suspended molten reduction falling ferrous oxide which is not completely reduced, so that the full and complete utilization of carbon in the coal gasification process is realized;
(6) Slag processing in the coal gasification process is solved by utilizing the slag making, slag separating and slag discharging functions of the suspension-state smelting reduction molten pool;
(7) The high-temperature air flow from the outlet of the rising flue after the suspension smelting reduction smelting process is completed is used for thermal energy power generation and coal gas hydrogen production or other chemical production, and the integration of the technology of coal gasification-suspension smelting-thermal energy power generation-coal gasification production is realized.
The integrated device and method for gasifying, suspending, smelting and reducing the coal by using the multistage entrained flow bed are characterized in that the materials comprise metallurgical dust, mud and slag solid waste, iron ore powder and difficult-smelting chromium and nickel metal ore, wherein the granularity of the iron ore powder and the difficult-smelting chromium and nickel metal ore powder is less than 75 mu m;
The multistage entrained-flow bed coal gasification suspension smelting and reduction integrated method is characterized in that materials are preheated, the preheating temperature is 100-500 ℃, and the weight ratio of water vapor to pulverized coal is 0.1-0.2:1.
The multistage entrained flow coal gasification suspension smelting and reducing integrated method is characterized in that the quantity of heat and reducing agent generated by pulverized coal added in the upper coal gasification process is 1.2-2 times of the quantity of heat and reducing agent required by lower material suspension smelting and reducing smelting;
the integrated method for gasifying, suspending, smelting and reducing the coal by using the multistage entrained flow bed is characterized in that according to the contents of specific silicon, magnesium, aluminum and calcium in slag, corresponding amount of calcium oxide powder is sprayed into a slag layer of a molten pool to form low-melting-point calcium salt so as to promote slag formation and slag-iron separation;
The multistage entrained-flow bed coal gasification suspension smelting and reduction smelting integrated method is characterized in that the temperature of high-temperature coal gas flow at the outlet of a molten pool is 1200-1500 ℃, and the content of CO+H 2 is more than 50%.
The multistage entrained-flow bed coal gasification suspension state smelting and reduction integrated method is characterized in that steam generated by a water cooling wall of a gasification furnace is connected with a thermal energy power generation device and used for thermal energy power generation, and the heat utilization rate of the whole integrated device is improved.
The method for carrying out coal gasification suspension smelting reduction smelting, thermal energy power generation and hydrogen production or other chemical production by the complete device is detailed through specific implementation processes.
Embodiment one:
The pulverized coal which is crushed to 200 meshes and 30% of the total amount of oxygen and water vapor of combustion improver are fed into an entrained flow coal gasification device 4 from inlets of devices 1,2 and 3, the furnace temperature is controlled to 1600 ℃, raw gas and gasified slag enter a coal gas conversion hydrogen production device 8 in the middle, metallurgical solid waste (dust, mud and slag) preheated to 100 ℃ by a material preheating device 5 is sprayed into the furnace from an inlet 6, 70% of the total amount of water vapor is sprayed into the raw gas from a second water vapor inlet 7 to convert CO in the raw gas into H 2, the high-temperature coal gas and material mixture enters a lower suspension smelting reduction device 9 to be subjected to reduction smelting, the metallurgical solid waste is smelted into molten iron and slag mixture which is fed into a molten pool 10 together with carbon particles which are not gasified, the high-temperature coal gas and calcium oxide powder are intermittently sprayed into the molten pool from a high-temperature coal gas, oxygen and calcium oxide powder spraying inlet 11 to perform mild stirring, the separation of iron and slag into molten iron and slag is promoted, unreduced materials in stirring are continuously and completely complete reduction reaction, slag is discharged from a slag outlet 12 periodically, the molten iron and slag is discharged from a water outlet 13, and the gas mixture is discharged from a high-temperature coal gas outlet 14 and a byproduct steam generator 16 to a gas generating device or a byproduct gas and a byproduct steam generating device 17 at the temperature of which is discharged from a water cooling device 17 to a gas-cooled device at the temperature below. The inflow amount of the pulverized coal is 1.3 times of the smelting requirement amount of metallurgical solid wastes (dust, mud and slag).
Embodiment two:
The method comprises the steps of feeding pulverized coal which is crushed to 200 meshes and 30% of the total amount of oxygen and water vapor of combustion improver into an entrained flow coal gasification device 4 from inlets of devices 1,2 and 3, controlling the furnace temperature to be 1500 ℃, finishing the pulverized coal gasification process, feeding raw coal gas and gasified slag into a coal gas conversion hydrogen production device 8 in the middle, preheating a material preheating device 5 to 200 ℃, spraying metallurgical solid waste (dust, mud and slag) which is preheated to 200 ℃ into the furnace from an inlet 6, spraying 70% of the total amount of water vapor into the raw coal gas from an inlet 7 to convert CO into H 2, feeding the above high-temperature coal gas and material mixture into a lower suspension smelting reduction device 9 for reduction smelting, feeding the metallurgical solid waste into molten iron gas and slag mixture into a molten pool 10 together with carbon particles which are not gasified, intermittently spraying the high-temperature coal gas and calcium oxide powder from a high-temperature coal gas and oxygen and calcium oxide powder spraying inlet 11, carrying out supplementary heating and stirring, promoting the separation of the iron and slag into molten iron and slag, continuously finishing the reduction reaction and carburizing the unreduced materials in stirring, discharging the slag from a slag outlet 12 periodically, discharging the molten iron and slag from the outlet 13 into a chemical industry gas and a byproduct gas from a gas-generating device 16 to a gas-generating device 17 or a byproduct gas-cooling device 17 after the gas and the other byproduct gas is discharged from the high-temperature device is cooled by water and discharged from a gas-cooling device 15. The inflow amount of the pulverized coal is 1.2 times of the smelting requirement amount of metallurgical solid wastes (dust, mud and slag).
Embodiment III:
The pulverized coal with 200 meshes and 30% of the total amount of oxygen and water vapor of combustion improver are fed into an entrained flow gasifier 4 from inlets of devices 1,2 and 3, the gasification process of organic solid waste is completed, raw gas and gasified slag enter a gas conversion hydrogen production device 8 in the middle, metallurgical solid waste (dust, mud and slag) preheated to 200 ℃ by a material preheating device 5 is sprayed into a material inlet 6, 70% of the total amount of water vapor is sprayed into the raw gas from a second water vapor inlet 7 to convert CO in the raw gas into H 2, the high-temperature gas and material mixture above enters a lower suspension smelting reduction device 9 to be subjected to reduction smelting, the metallurgical solid waste is smelted into molten iron and slag mixture with carbon particles which are not gasified, the molten iron and slag mixture enters a molten pool 10, oxygen and limestone powder are intermittently sprayed into from a high-temperature gas, oxygen and calcium oxide powder spraying inlet 11 to perform supplementary mild stirring, the iron and slag are enabled to be separated into molten iron and slag, unreduced thoroughly materials continue to complete reduction reaction in stirring, slag is periodically discharged from a slag outlet 12, the molten iron is discharged from a slag outlet 13, the gas and the gas is discharged from a high-temperature gas-containing outlet 14 and the gas is discharged from a gas-phase generating device or a byproduct steam-cooled device 15 to produce gas and other byproduct gas and the gas is cooled by a byproduct gas and is discharged from a gas-cooled device 15 at a temperature of 200 ℃ after the gas-cooled device is discharged from a gas-cooled device. The inflow amount of the pulverized coal is 1.2 times of the smelting requirement amount of metallurgical solid wastes (dust, mud and slag).
Embodiment four:
The pulverized coal with 200 meshes and the total amount of oxygen and water vapor of a combustion improver are fed into an entrained-flow bed coal gasification device 4 from inlets of devices 1, 2 and 3, the furnace temperature is controlled to 1800 ℃, the pulverized coal gasification process is completed, raw coal gas and gasified slag enter a coal gas conversion hydrogen production device 8 in the middle, iron ore powder preheated to 500 ℃ by a material preheating device 5 is sprayed into a material inlet 6, 70% of the total amount of water vapor is sprayed into a second water vapor inlet 7 to convert CO in the raw coal gas into H 2, the above high-temperature coal gas and material mixture enter a lower suspension smelting reduction device 9 to carry out reduction smelting, the iron ore powder is smelted and reduced into molten iron and slag mixture which is carried out with carbon particles without gasification, the coal gas, the oxygen and the calcium oxide powder are intermittently sprayed into a molten pool 10 from a high-temperature, oxygen and calcium oxide powder spraying inlet 11, the temperature is compensated and stirred, the iron and the slag are promoted to be separated into molten iron and slag, the unreduced thoroughly materials continue to complete reduction reaction in the stirring, the slag is discharged from a slag outlet 12, the molten iron and the molten iron is periodically discharged from an outlet 13, the high-temperature flue gas containing gas is discharged from an outlet 14, the high-temperature flue gas and the coal gas and the slag mixture enters a chemical industry device 16 or a byproduct gas generating device with the temperature of 200 ℃ and then enters a byproduct steam generating device 17 to produce other products. The entering amount of the pulverized coal is 2 times of the smelting requirement of the iron ore powder.
Fifth embodiment:
The pulverized coal with 200 meshes and the total amount of oxygen and water vapor of a combustion improver are fed into an entrained-flow bed coal gasification device 4 from inlets of devices 1,2 and 3, the furnace temperature is controlled to 1700 ℃, the pulverized coal gasification process is completed, raw coal gas and gasified slag enter a coal gas conversion hydrogen production device 8 in the middle, iron ore powder preheated to 500 ℃ by a material preheating device 5 is sprayed into a material inlet 6, 70% of the total amount of water vapor is sprayed into a second water vapor inlet 7 to convert CO in the raw coal gas into H 2, the above high-temperature coal gas and material mixture enter a lower suspension smelting reduction device 9 to carry out reduction smelting, the iron ore powder is smelted and reduced into molten iron and slag mixture which is carried out with carbon particles without gasification, the gas, the oxygen and the calcium oxide powder are intermittently sprayed into a molten pool 10 from a high-temperature, oxygen and calcium oxide powder spraying inlet 11, the temperature is compensated and stirred, the iron and the slag are promoted to be separated into molten iron and slag, the unreduced thoroughly materials continue to complete reduction reaction in the stirring, the slag is discharged from a slag outlet 12, the molten iron and the molten iron is periodically discharged from an outlet 13, the high-temperature flue gas containing gas is discharged from an outlet 14, the high-temperature flue gas and the coal gas mixture enters a chemical industry device 16 or a byproduct steam generating device 17 to produce other products with 200 ℃ after the coal and the byproduct gas is cooled by a cooling device 17. The entering amount of the pulverized coal is 2 times of the smelting requirement of the iron ore powder.
Example six:
The pulverized coal, combustion improver oxygen and 30% of the total amount of steam are crushed into 200 meshes, the pulverized coal, combustion improver oxygen and steam are fed into an entrained flow coal gasification device 4 from inlets of devices 1,2 and 3, the furnace temperature is controlled to 1700 ℃, raw coal gas and gasified slag enter a coal gas conversion hydrogen production device 8 in the middle, a material preheating device 5 is preheated to 400 ℃, refractory metal mineral powder (such as laterite nickel ore and the like) is sprayed into the device from an inlet 6, steam accounting for 70% of the total amount of steam is sprayed from a second steam inlet 7, H 2 is produced by CO conversion in the raw coal gas, the high-temperature coal gas and the material mixture enter a suspension smelting reduction device 9 for reduction smelting, nickel and the like in the refractory metal mineral powder are smelted into nickel water and slag mixture which are not gasified and enter a molten pool 10 together with carbon particles, oxygen and calcium oxide powder are intermittently sprayed into the molten pool 11 from the high-temperature coal gas, oxygen and calcium oxide powder, the molten pool is subjected to mild agitation, the nickel and slag are separated into nickel water and slag in the agitation, the material which is not reduced thoroughly is continuously subjected to reduction reaction in the agitation, the slag is discharged from a slag outlet 12, the nickel and the nickel water and the coal gas is discharged from a slag outlet 13 to a water-cooling device from a gas outlet 13 and a byproduct gas-containing gas and a byproduct gas is discharged from a water-cooled device from a gas-phase coal gas-jet device 15 or a gas-cooled device at a temperature of the gas-cooled device of the gas and a byproduct of the gas-phase generator 15, and the gas is discharged from a byproduct gas-cooled device of the gas and the gas is discharged from the gas outlet 17 to be discharged from the gas and the coal gas is cooled to be cooled by the gas and the gas at a temperature of the gas-phase of the coal gas is discharged from the gas and the gasification device at 15. The entering amount of the pulverized coal is 2 times of the smelting requirement of refractory metal mineral powder.
Claims (6)
1. The integrated energy-saving and environment-friendly device for multi-section entrained-flow bed coal gasification suspension smelting reduction smelting is characterized by comprising an entrained-flow bed coal gasification device, a coal gas conversion hydrogen production device, a suspension smelting reduction smelting device and a molten pool which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein an ascending flue and a high-temperature coal gas outlet are arranged on the other side of the molten pool, and the outer end of the outlet is sequentially connected with a thermal energy power generation device and a coal gasification production device;
The entrained-flow bed coal gasification device is positioned at the upper part of the integrated device, and the top of the furnace body is provided with a pulverized coal inlet, an oxygen inlet and a first water vapor inlet, wherein the pulverized coal gasification process is carried out in the device, 30% of the total amount of pulverized coal, oxygen and water vapor is sprayed into the gasification furnace from the inlet at the top of the entrained-flow bed coal gasification device;
The gas shift hydrogen production device is characterized in that a gas shift hydrogen production device is connected below the entrained-flow bed coal gasification device, a material inlet and a second water vapor inlet are arranged on two side surfaces of the upper part of the gas shift hydrogen production device, the material inlet is connected with a material preheating device, the gas shift hydrogen production and material spraying processes are carried out in the gas shift hydrogen production device, namely, the gasified raw gas and ash slag high-temperature mixed gas flow enters the gas shift hydrogen production device positioned in the middle part, 70% of the total amount of water vapor is sprayed into the second water vapor inlet, CO is converted to prepare H 2, the hydrogen content in gas components is improved, and the material is preheated by the material preheating device and then enters the gas shift hydrogen production device;
In the suspension smelting device, materials enter a furnace and undergo smelting reduction reaction in a high-temperature reducing atmosphere and in a suspension floating state to finish the reduction smelting of more than 80 percent of the materials;
The entrained flow coal gasification device, the coal gas conversion hydrogen production device and the suspension smelting reduction smelting device are integrated devices with water cooling walls and lining refractory materials;
The integrated device is round, square or polygonal;
The lower part of the integrated device is provided with a molten pool, the molten pool is rectangular or oblong, the molten pool is provided with a slag outlet, a molten iron outlet and high-temperature coal gas, oxygen and calcium oxide injection inlets which are distributed on two sides of the molten pool in a staggered way, the bottom of the molten pool is inclined towards the molten iron outlet, the other end of the molten pool is provided with a rising flue and a high-temperature coal gas outlet, and the diameter of the rising flue of the molten pool is larger than that of the suspension smelting reduction smelting device.
2. The integrated energy-saving and environment-friendly device for multi-section entrained-flow coal gasification suspension smelting reduction smelting, which is characterized in that the entrained-flow coal gasification device, the coal gas conversion hydrogen production device and the suspension smelting reduction smelting device form an integrated vertical gasification reduction smelting furnace, and the diameter of the furnace body is in a horn shape which is sequentially increased from top to bottom.
3. The integrated method for multi-section entrained-flow bed coal gasification suspension state smelting reduction smelting adopts the integrated device for multi-section entrained-flow bed coal gasification suspension state smelting reduction according to any one of claims 1-2, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) The pulverized coal gasification process comprises the following steps:
spraying 30% of the total amount of pulverized coal, oxygen and steam into a gasification furnace from an inlet at the top of an entrained flow coal gasification device, and allowing the materials to enter the gasification furnace for pulverized coal gasification, wherein the gas temperature reaches 1500-1800 ℃, and the working pressure in the gasification furnace is normal pressure;
The pulverized coal is a mixture of pulverized coal with granularity less than 2 milli-meter powder coal, wherein the pulverized coal with granularity less than 75 μm accounts for not more than 85%;
(2) The hydrogen production by gas conversion and material injection processes:
The high-temperature mixed gas flow of the raw gas gasified at the upper part and ash slag enters a gas conversion hydrogen production device positioned at the middle part, 70% of the total amount of water vapor is sprayed into a second water vapor inlet, and the mixture is subjected to CO conversion to prepare H 2, so that the hydrogen content in the gas component is improved;
Preheating the reaction materials at the preheating temperature of 100-500 ℃, wherein the weight ratio of water vapor to pulverized coal is 0.1-0.2:1;
(3) Suspension state smelting reduction smelting:
After the materials enter the furnace, carrying out a smelting reduction reaction in a high-temperature reducing atmosphere and in a suspension floating state to finish the reduction smelting of more than 80 percent of the materials;
The quantity of heat and reducing agent generated by the pulverized coal added in the upper coal gasification process is 1.2-2 times of the quantity of heat and reducing agent required by suspension smelting reduction smelting of the lower material;
(4) Intermittently spraying high-temperature gas, oxygen and calcium oxide powder to the iron slag mixture in the molten pool through a high-temperature gas, oxygen and calcium oxide spraying inlet on the molten pool to supplement heat for the molten pool and stir the iron and slag mixture to promote the slagging, iron slag separation and carburizing process;
(5) Carbon particles which are not completely gasified in the coal gasification process continuously fall into a molten pool to supplement carbon of the molten pool, float on the upper layer of the molten pool to form a carbon layer, and complete the continuous reduction reaction of suspended molten reduction falling ferrous oxide which is not completely reduced, so that the full and complete utilization of carbon in the coal gasification process is realized;
(6) Slag processing in the coal gasification process is solved by utilizing the slag making, slag separating and slag discharging functions of the suspension-state smelting reduction molten pool;
(7) The high-temperature gas flow from the outlet of the rising flue after the suspension smelting reduction smelting process is completed is used for thermal power generation and gas hydrogen production or other chemical production, so that the integration of the technology of coal gasification, suspension smelting, thermal power generation and coal gasification is realized, the temperature of the high-temperature gas flow at the outlet of the molten pool is 1200-1500 ℃, and the content of CO+H 2 is more than 50%.
4. The integrated method for gasifying, suspending, smelting and smelting coal by using a multi-section entrained-flow bed as claimed in claim 3, wherein the materials in the step (2) comprise various metallurgical dust, mud and slag solid wastes, iron ore powder and refractory chromium and nickel metal ores, and the granularity of the iron ore powder and refractory chromium and nickel metal ores is less than 75 μm.
5. The integrated method for gasifying, suspending, smelting and reducing coal by using a multistage entrained flow bed according to claim 3, wherein the method is characterized in that according to the contents of specific silicon, magnesium, aluminum and calcium in the slag, a corresponding amount of calcium oxide powder is sprayed into the slag layer of a molten pool to form low-melting-point calcium salt, so that slag formation and slag-iron separation are promoted.
6. The integrated method for gasifying, suspending, smelting and reducing coal by using a multi-section entrained-flow bed according to claim 3, wherein the water vapor generated by the water-cooled wall of the gasification furnace is connected with a thermal energy generating device for generating electricity by using thermal energy, so that the heat utilization rate of the whole integrated device is improved.
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| CN203130172U (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2013-08-14 | 南京凯盛开能环保能源有限公司 | Power generation system comprehensively utilizing redundant blast-furnace gas and redundant saturated vapor of steel mill |
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