CN113346830B - Photovoltaic tile radiator compounded with liquid metal and foam metal - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a photovoltaic tile heat sink of composite liquid metal and foam metal, comprising a substrate, a plurality of grooves are provided on the upper surface of the substrate, the grooves are filled with liquid metal, the substrate is connected to the bottom of the photovoltaic tile, and the liquid metal is in direct contact with the bottom surface of the photovoltaic tile, and also comprises a heat pipe, the heat pipe is connected to the groove, and is used to dissipate the liquid metal, so as to achieve the purpose of dissipating the photovoltaic tile. The present invention can quickly transfer the heat generated by the photovoltaic tile when it is working to the external environment, reduce the working temperature of the photovoltaic tile, and greatly improve the working efficiency of the photovoltaic tile.

Description

A photovoltaic tile radiator composed of composite liquid metal and foam metal

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation tiles, in particular to a photovoltaic tile radiator of composite liquid metal and foam metal.

Background technique

As a sustainable energy technology, solar photovoltaic power generation has developed rapidly in recent years. Among them, photovoltaic tiles have been widely popularized in the field of building photovoltaic integration due to their economic, beautiful and durable characteristics, and are gradually replacing traditional building tiles.

Photovoltaic tiles absorb solar radiation and directly convert light energy into electrical energy. They have extremely high power generation (>160W/ ^m2 ), and the effective utilization rate of photovoltaic power generation area is almost 100%. The more photovoltaic tiles there are on the roof of a building, the more electrical energy the roof can generate under sunlight radiation. However, high power generation and power generation are accompanied by high heat generation. In addition, the number of photovoltaic tiles installed is large, and they are usually connected in an adjacent form. A large amount of heat accumulates in the photovoltaic tiles, causing the temperature of the photovoltaic tiles to rise significantly, thereby reducing the working efficiency of the photovoltaic tiles. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the heat sink used in photovoltaic tiles. At present, the heat sink used in photovoltaic tiles mainly uses thermal conductive silicone grease and fin combination for heat dissipation, which has the following problems: high contact thermal resistance between photovoltaic tiles and heat sinks; low heat dissipation efficiency; large volume and heavy mass; the heat sink base is made of copper material, which is difficult to process and has low fit when used in wavy photovoltaic tiles.

Summary of the invention

In view of the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a photovoltaic tile radiator of composite liquid metal and foam metal, which solves the technical problem of low heat dissipation efficiency of the prior photovoltaic tiles.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

A photovoltaic tile radiator of composite liquid metal and foam metal comprises a substrate, the upper surface of the substrate is provided with a plurality of grooves, the grooves are filled with liquid metal, the substrate is connected to the bottom of the photovoltaic tile, and the liquid metal is in direct contact with the bottom surface of the photovoltaic tile, and also comprises a heat pipe, the heat pipe is connected to the grooves, and is used to dissipate heat from the liquid metal, thereby achieving the purpose of dissipating heat from the photovoltaic tile.

Its further technical solution is:

The structure of the base includes an outer convex portion, a first inner concave portion and a second inner concave portion symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outer convex portion; a plurality of first grooves are evenly arranged along the upper surface of the outer convex portion, and the two ends of each of the first grooves are respectively connected to the two ends of a heat pipe located below the outer convex portion to form a circulation passage, and the first grooves and the heat pipes are filled with the liquid metal.

The outer surface of the heat pipe is wrapped with a layer of foam metal.

At least one second groove is evenly arranged along the upper surfaces of the first inner concave portion and the second inner concave portion, respectively, and the second groove is filled with the liquid metal.

The second groove is bent and extended into an S-shaped groove, and the first groove is straightly extended into a linear groove.

The heat pipe is a copper pipe.

A layer of thermal conductive silicone grease is filled on the contact surface between the upper surface of the substrate and the bottom surface of the photovoltaic tile.

The matrix is made of carbon fiber composite material.

The liquid metal is a gallium-based binary alloy, a gallium-based multi-element alloy, an indium-based alloy or a bismuth-based alloy.

The substrate and the photovoltaic tile are fixedly connected via fasteners.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

The present invention uses liquid metal, foam metal and heat pipe in photovoltaic tiles, which can quickly transfer the heat generated by the photovoltaic tiles to the external environment, reduce the working temperature of the photovoltaic tiles, and greatly improve the working efficiency of the photovoltaic tiles. The present invention has the following specific advantages:

1) The present invention utilizes liquid metal for heat conduction. The liquid metal is in direct contact with the photovoltaic tile. The liquid metal has high thermal conductivity and good fluidity, which effectively reduces the contact thermal resistance between the photovoltaic tile and the radiator, thereby improving the heat exchange capacity of the radiator.

2) The present invention utilizes a combination of foam metal and heat pipes to dissipate heat. The foam metal greatly increases the heat dissipation area, and the heat pipe increases the heat transfer rate, further improving the heat exchange efficiency of the radiator.

3) The present invention uses high thermal conductivity carbon fiber material to make the matrix. Carbon fiber has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, low density and high strength. Its shape also has anisotropy, softness and processability. Carbon fiber composite materials have excellent thermal and mechanical properties. Low density can greatly reduce the weight of the radiator. High plasticity makes the radiator easier to process and improves the fit between the radiator and the photovoltaic tile.

4) The present invention utilizes a small-diameter U-shaped heat pipe (diameter is 2-6 mm) with a heat pipe height of 30-90 mm, thereby reducing the volume of the radiator.

5) The present invention combines the thermal conductive silicone grease layer and the bolts to improve the contact degree between the radiator and the photovoltaic tile, effectively avoids the overflow of liquid metal, and improves the operating safety and service life of the radiator and the photovoltaic tile.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an installation effect diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a top view of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. substrate; 2. heat pipe; 3. foam metal; 4. liquid metal; 5. thermal grease; 6. bolts; 7. photovoltaic tile; 8. first groove; 9. second groove; 11. outer protrusion; 12. first inner recess; 13. second inner recess.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The photovoltaic tile radiator of composite liquid metal and foam metal of this embodiment includes a base 1, the upper surface of the base 1 is provided with a plurality of grooves, the grooves are filled with liquid metal 4, the base 1 is connected to the bottom of the photovoltaic tile 7, and the liquid metal 4 is in direct contact with the bottom surface of the photovoltaic tile 7; it also includes a heat pipe 2, the heat pipe 2 is connected to the groove, and is used to dissipate heat for the liquid metal 4, thereby achieving the purpose of dissipating heat for the photovoltaic tile 7.

In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the structure of the base 1 includes an outer convex portion 11, a first inner concave portion 12 and a second inner concave portion 13 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outer convex portion 11; a plurality of first grooves 8 are evenly arranged along the upper surface of the outer convex portion 11, and the two ends of each first groove 8 are respectively connected to the two ends of a heat pipe 2 located below the outer convex portion 11 to form a circulation path, and the first groove 8 and the heat pipe 2 are filled with liquid metal 4. At least one second groove 9 is evenly arranged along the upper surfaces of the first inner concave portion 12 and the second inner concave portion 13, and the second groove 9 is filled with liquid metal 4.

The basic structure 1 is designed according to the contour of the photovoltaic tile 7 to be closely fitted with the photovoltaic tile 7. The outer protrusion 11, the first inner concave portion 12 and the second inner concave portion 13 are matched with the corresponding structures on the photovoltaic tile 7 respectively.

As a preferred method, the matrix 1 is made of carbon fiber composite material, and the thickness of the matrix 1 is 4 to 8 mm. Carbon fiber has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, low density and high strength, and its shape also has anisotropy, softness and processability. Carbon fiber composite materials have excellent thermal and mechanical properties, low density can greatly reduce the weight of the radiator, and high plasticity makes the radiator easier to process, thereby improving the fit between the radiator and the photovoltaic tile 7.

As a preferred embodiment, the outer surface of the heat pipe 2 is wrapped with a layer of foam metal 3 .

As a preferred embodiment, the heat pipe 2 is a U-shaped tube, as shown in FIG. 2 , and the foam metal 3 is fixed to the outer surface of the bottom end of the heat pipe 2 by welding. Metal solder is added during the welding process to make the two fit closely and reduce the contact thermal resistance.

As a preferred embodiment, the foam metal 3 is selected from foam copper or foam aluminum, and the parameters of the metal 3 are: porosity of 85% to 90%, average pore diameter of 0.1 to 1.0 mm, and thickness of 1 to 3 mm.

In order to prevent the heat pipe 2 from corrosion, the heat pipe 2 is made of copper tube with a tube diameter of 2 to 6 mm.

In order to reduce the volume of the radiator, the height of the heat pipe 2 is 30 to 90 mm.

As shown in Fig. 3, the second groove 9 is bent and extended into an S-shaped groove, and the first groove 8 is extended along a straight line into a linear groove to increase the heat exchange area. Specifically, a plurality of first grooves 8 are parallel to each other.

The cross-sections of the first groove 8 and the second groove 9 are in a square, semicircular or other shape, and the diameter of the semicircle is 2 to 6 mm.

As shown in FIG4 , the substrate 1 and the photovoltaic tile 7 are fixedly connected by fasteners, and a layer of thermal conductive silicone grease 5 is filled on the contact surface between the upper surface of the substrate 1 and the bottom surface of the photovoltaic tile 7, and the thickness of the thermal conductive silicone grease 5 is 1 to 2 mm. The thermal conductive silicone grease 5 leaves the first groove 8 and the second groove 9, and is only filled at the edge of the groove, so that the liquid metal 4 is in direct contact with the bottom surface of the photovoltaic tile 7. The thermal conductive silicone grease 5 improves the contact degree between the radiator and the photovoltaic tile 7, effectively avoids the overflow of the liquid metal 4, and improves the operating safety and service life of the radiator and the photovoltaic tile 7.

Specifically, the base 1 and the photovoltaic tile 7 can be connected by bolts 6 to further improve the contact degree between the heat sink and the photovoltaic tile 7.

Preferably, the liquid metal 4 is a gallium-based binary alloy, a gallium-based multi-element alloy, an indium-based alloy or a bismuth-based alloy. Liquid metal has excellent thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity of liquid metal alloy is more than 4 times that of commercial thermal conductive silicone grease (8W/(m·K)) on the market. Typical types include gallium-based binary alloy, gallium-based multi-element alloy, indium-based alloy, bismuth-based alloy, etc. Liquid metal has a low melting point and is liquid at room temperature. It has good fluidity and can fully fill the gaps generated by the contact between solids and solids, thereby reducing the contact thermal resistance. Foam metal has a porous structure, low specific gravity, large specific surface area, good thermal stability and high thermal conductivity. The internal thermal resistance of the heat pipe is small and the thermal conductivity is excellent. Compared with metals such as copper and aluminum, the heat pipe per unit weight can transfer several orders of magnitude more heat.

The specific working principle of the photovoltaic tile radiator of composite liquid metal and foam metal in this embodiment is as follows:

During operation, the liquid metal 4 is in direct contact with the bottom surface of the photovoltaic tile 7, and the liquid metal 4 absorbs the heat of the photovoltaic tile 7. In the linear first groove 8 with a tiny channel, the temperature of the liquid metal 4 rises, the density decreases, and a density difference is formed with the liquid metal 4 in the heat pipe 2. There is a slope when installing the photovoltaic tile 7, and the slope is 10 to 60 degrees. The slope and the density difference drive the liquid metal 4 to flow and exchange heat in the linear groove 8 and the heat pipe 2. When the high-temperature liquid metal 4 flows through the heat pipe 2 wrapped with the foam metal 3, the heat exchange speed is accelerated, the liquid metal is quickly cooled, the heat is transferred to the external environment, and the heat exchange is recirculated. The S-shaped second groove 9 on the first inner recess 12 and the second inner recess 13 of the radiator base 1 is filled with liquid metal 4. The liquid metal 4 is in direct contact with the bottom surface of the photovoltaic tile 7. Through the heat conduction of the liquid metal 4, the heat is transferred to the carbon fiber base 1 for heat dissipation. The upper surface of the radiator substrate is coated with a thin layer of thermal conductive silicone grease 5, and bolts 6 are provided to further improve the contact between the radiator and the photovoltaic tile 7, and seal the liquid metal 4, effectively preventing the overflow of the liquid metal 4, and improving the operating safety and service life of the radiator and the photovoltaic tile 7. The substrate 1 is made of high thermal conductivity carbon fiber material, which has excellent thermal and mechanical properties. The low density can greatly reduce the weight of the radiator, and the high plasticity makes the radiator easier to process, which improves the fit between the radiator and the photovoltaic tile 7.

This embodiment utilizes the good fluidity and high thermal conductivity characteristics of liquid metal to effectively reduce the contact thermal resistance between the radiator and the photovoltaic tiles; combines porous structure foam metal and heat pipes to quickly transfer the heat generated by the heat source to the external environment to reduce the operating temperature of the photovoltaic tiles and maintain the efficient and safe operation of the photovoltaic tiles for a long time; combines the thermal conductive silicone grease layer and bolts to further improve the contact between the radiator and the photovoltaic tiles, and effectively avoid the overflow of liquid metal, thereby improving the operating safety and service life of the radiator and photovoltaic tiles.

Claims (6)

1. The photovoltaic tile radiator is characterized by comprising a base body (1), wherein a plurality of grooves are formed in the upper surface of the base body (1), liquid metal (4) is filled in the grooves, the base body (1) is connected below a photovoltaic tile (7), and the liquid metal (4) is in direct contact with the bottom surface of the photovoltaic tile (7); the heat pipe (2) is connected with the groove and used for radiating the liquid metal (4) so as to achieve the purpose of radiating the photovoltaic tile (7); the outer surface of the heat pipe (2) is wrapped with a layer of foam metal (3);

the structure of the matrix (1) comprises an outer convex part (11), a first concave part (12) and a second concave part (13) which are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the outer convex part (11); a plurality of first grooves (8) are uniformly formed along the upper surface of the outer convex part (11), two ends of each first groove (8) are respectively connected with two ends of one heat pipe (2) positioned below the outer convex part (11) to form a circulation passage, and the liquid metal (4) is filled in the first grooves (8) and the heat pipes (2);

at least one second groove (9) is uniformly formed along the upper surfaces of the first concave part (12) and the second concave part (13), and the second groove (9) is filled with the liquid metal (4);

the second groove (9) extends into an S-shaped groove in a bending mode, and the first groove (8) extends into a linear groove in a straight line mode.

2. The composite liquid metal and foam metal photovoltaic tile heat sink according to claim 1, wherein the heat pipe (2) is a copper pipe.

3. The photovoltaic tile radiator of composite liquid and foam metal according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact surface between the upper surface of the substrate (1) and the bottom surface of the photovoltaic tile (7) is filled with a layer of heat conducting silicone grease (5).

4. The photovoltaic tile radiator of composite liquid and foam metal according to claim 1, characterized in that the matrix (1) is made of carbon-braze composite.

5. The photovoltaic tile radiator of composite liquid and foam metal according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid metal (4) is a gallium-based binary alloy, a gallium-based multi-element alloy, an indium-based alloy or a bismuth-based alloy.

6. The photovoltaic tile radiator of composite liquid and foam metal according to claim 1, characterized in that the base body (1) and the photovoltaic tile (7) are fixedly connected by means of a fastener.