CN113662011B - 一种表面长效抗菌杀毒剂及其制备法和应用 - Google Patents
一种表面长效抗菌杀毒剂及其制备法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113662011B CN113662011B CN202111053688.6A CN202111053688A CN113662011B CN 113662011 B CN113662011 B CN 113662011B CN 202111053688 A CN202111053688 A CN 202111053688A CN 113662011 B CN113662011 B CN 113662011B
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- acting antibacterial
- surface long
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- disinfectant
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种表面长效抗菌杀毒剂及其制备法和应用，其组成成分包括组分A、组分B和辅料，所述组分A、所述组分B、所述辅料均为无机组份，所述组分A为自分散的石墨烯和铁掺杂的纳米二氧化钛粉体，所述组分A的组成成分包括钛盐、醇类、石墨烯和三氯化铁，所述组分B为酸性氧化电位小分子水。本发明采用上述结构的一种表面长效抗菌杀毒剂及其制备法和应用，即杀性能好，一次喷涂，长期有效，安全友好，容易运输和保存。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及杀毒剂技术领域，特别是涉及一种表面长效抗菌杀毒剂及其制备法和应用。
背景技术
现有的抗菌杀毒剂，大多采用过氧乙酸、过氧化氢、二氧化氯、(有机)含氯消毒剂、碘类消毒剂以及醇类消毒剂等。以上所列举消毒剂中，除醇类消毒剂在消杀效果突出的同时对人体、生态环境等影响较小之外，其余消毒剂均有可能对环境产生影响，而醇类消毒剂价格比较昂贵，且易燃易爆，不易储藏和运输。氯消毒由于成本较低而被广泛使用，但在人口密集场所使用含氯消毒剂易造成人体健康威胁，大量使用含氯消毒剂并排放易造成环境污染。且喷洒完成后作用力即消失，每天需要多次重复喷洒。
现有的抗菌杀毒剂，只有单一的抗菌杀毒功能，而且很多抗菌杀菌剂不具备广谱的效能，往往只具有针对性的单一作用。且不具有净化空气和除臭的性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种表面长效抗菌杀毒剂及其制备法和应用，即杀性能好，一次喷涂，长期有效，安全友好，容易运输和保存。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种表面长效抗菌杀毒剂及其制备法和应用，其组成成分包括组分A、组分B和辅料，所述组分A、所述组分B、所述辅料均为无机组份，所述组分A为自分散的石墨烯和铁掺杂的纳米二氧化钛粉体，所述组分A的组成成分包括钛盐、醇类、石墨烯和三氯化铁，所述组分B为酸性氧化电位小分子水。
优选的，所述钛盐为四氯化钛、硫酸氧钛、偏钛酸、钛酸酯及其衍生物等中的一种或多种。
优选的，所述醇类为甲醇、乙醇、乙二醇、丙醇(异丙醇)、丙三醇等中的一种或多种。
优选的，所述石墨烯为3～10层石墨烯(包含化学法和物理法)、氧化石墨烯等中的一种或多种。
优选的，所述三氯化铁为无水三氯化铁。
优选的，所述辅料为钛溶胶、硅溶胶、铝溶胶中的一种或几种。
一种表面长效抗菌杀毒剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)制备组分A
a)将所述醇类物质通过计量泵打入配料釜中，并开启搅拌，开启夹套冷却水进行降温；
b)将所述钛盐通过计量泵打入配料釜中，边搅拌边降温，直到钛盐跟醇类充分混合反应；
c)加入定量的石墨烯和定量的三氯化铁；
d)继续搅拌反应0.5～2小时，得到配置液C；
e)将配置液C转移到特制反应釜中，通过反应釜夹套对反应釜进行升温，温度控制在100℃～400℃，反应时间控制在8～24小时；
f)反应完成后，通过反应釜反应产生的压力由反应釜的底阀释放到旋流分离器中，实现气固的分离，固体粉末由分离器底部容器接收得到自分散的石墨烯和铁掺杂的纳米二氧化钛粉体，即组分A，所述粉体呈5纳米级的单分散，而气体进入尾气处理装置，处理合格后排放；Fe3+掺杂二氧化钛后晶体形成了一个掺杂能级(中间态)，拓宽了二氧化钛光响应波长范围，增加了光利用率；
j)反应釜中的残余粉末用氮气吹扫进入旋流分离器，直到反应釜吹扫干净，所述组分A进一步在真空干燥器中进行干燥，去除所述组分A中的易挥发的有机物，尾气进入尾气处理装置，处理合格后排放；
(2)制备组分B
h)自来水经过RO反渗透膜处理单元，除去水中离子，得到纯水，纯水中加入添加剂后进入电解水装置，得到酸性氧化电位小分子水，即组分B；强酸性(氧化)电位水由于具有高氧化电位、活性氧和活性氯，与细菌接触，一般可在数秒钟内杀死细菌，与通常的消毒剂相比，不必担心药剂的渗透和残留，它能使微生物细胞膜电位发生改变，导致细胞膜通透性增强，细胞代谢酶受到破坏，从而杀灭微生物，消毒后还原为普通水；
(3)制备表面长效抗菌杀毒剂
i)将组分A、组分B和辅料在配料釜中按照一定的比列进行配置，得到最终产品表面长效抗菌杀毒剂，其中质量百分比为组分A：组分B：辅料＝0.5～5％：94～99％：0.5％。
优选的，所述步骤c)中所述石墨烯的加入量为体系质量分数0.01％～0.5％，所述三氯化铁的加入量为体系质量分数0.01％～0.5％。
优选的，所述步骤h)中的添加剂为食品级的氯化钠、氯化钾、氯化镁、盐酸中的一种或几种。
一种表面长效抗菌杀毒剂的应用，其特征在于，所述表面长效抗菌杀毒剂应用到室内环境长效抗菌杀毒、车内环境长效抗菌杀毒、个人防护卫生、建筑物的抗菌防霉等。
本发明的有益效果：
1、即杀性能好，一般情况下发生公共卫生事件时现场已经有大量的细菌和病毒繁殖(空气和物体表面)，现场喷涂药剂时需要有效杀灭环境中存有的细菌和病毒；
2、一次喷涂，长期有效，这样才能最大程度减少消毒剂的用量，但又不能降低消毒的能力和水平，最好的办法是在被喷涂物的表面形成一个长效稳定的抗菌杀毒保护膜，膜层要求具有高效的抗菌杀毒能力，且不易脱落；
3、安全友好，产品的所有组成成分本身对人体安全，且对环境友好不造成环境污染；
4、容易运输和保存，产品属于水性特性，基本没有腐蚀性，不燃不爆，无毒害物质释放，可以保存2年左右时间而不发生变质。
下面通过实施例，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例，对本发明进一步描述，实施例中所用各种化学品和试剂如无特别说明均为市售购买。
实施例
将所述醇类物质通过计量泵打入配料釜中，并开启搅拌，开启夹套冷却水进行降温，将所述钛盐通过计量泵打入配料釜中，边搅拌边降温，直到钛盐跟醇类充分混合反应。加入定量的石墨烯和定量的三氯化铁，石墨烯的加入量为体系质量分数0.01％～0.5％，三氯化铁的加入量为体系质量分数0.01％～0.5％，继续搅拌反应0.5～2小时，得到配置液C。
将配置液C转移到特制反应釜中，通过反应釜夹套对反应釜进行升温，温度控制在100℃～400℃，反应时间控制在8～24小时。反应完成后，通过反应釜反应产生的压力由反应釜的底阀释放到旋流分离器中，实现气固的分离，固体粉末由分离器底部容器接收得到自分散的石墨烯和铁掺杂的纳米二氧化钛粉体，即组分A，所述粉体呈5纳米级的单分散。
而气体进入尾气处理装置，处理合格后排放。反应釜中的残余粉末用氮气吹扫进入旋流分离器，直到反应釜吹扫干净，所述组分A进一步在真空干燥器中进行干燥，去除所述组分A中的易挥发的有机物，尾气进入尾气处理装置，处理合格后排放。
自来水经过RO反渗透膜处理单元，除去水中离子，得到纯水，纯水中加入添加剂后进入电解水装置，得到酸性氧化电位小分子水，即组分B。添加剂为食品级的氯化钠、氯化钾、氯化镁、盐酸中的一种或几种，即酸性氧化电位小分子水中含有次氯酸，次氯酸含量在30～300ppm，氧化电位大于1400mv。
将组分A、组分B和辅料在配料釜中按照一定的比列进行配置，得到最终产品表面长效抗菌杀毒剂，辅料为钛溶胶、硅溶胶、铝溶胶中的一种。其中质量百分比为组分A：组分B：辅料＝0.5～5％：94～99％：0.5％。
本实施例所制得的表面长效抗菌杀毒剂的应用：
室内环境长效抗菌杀毒：如医院病房、办公室、手术室等；如高铁站、地铁站、车厢内部、公交车、飞机场等公共交通场所；如酒店、饭店、影剧院、茶楼等；如企事业单位办公室、学校、幼儿园等；如居民楼、养老院等。
车内环境长效抗菌杀毒：各类小汽车、船舱、飞机机舱、机车车厢等。
个人防护卫生：表面长效抑菌杀毒剂，可用作个人防护用品，提供长达30天的杀毒保护，用于手机电脑屏幕、键盘、内衣、口罩、毛巾、防护服、鞋袜、桌面等的长效抑菌杀毒。
建筑物的抗菌防霉：表面长效抗菌杀毒剂喷涂在墙壁、天花板、家具、地板、门窗、门把手、窗帘、厕所等物体的表面，具有即时的强效杀菌杀毒效果，同时表面抗菌杀毒剂的活性组份附着在物体的表面，提供长达3个月以上的长效抗菌杀毒保护。
表面长效抗菌杀毒剂具有广谱的抗菌杀毒效果，针对所有细菌、病毒(含冠状病毒、流感病毒、非洲猪瘟、禽流感等)。
表面长效抗菌杀毒剂，不仅仅具有抗菌杀毒的效果，同时可以净化室内空气，分解甲醛、苯系化合物、TVOC、氨气等有害气体。
表面长效抗菌杀毒剂，还具有除臭的功能，可以去除厕所的臭味、宠物身上的臭味、鱼饵的腥味、海鲜的腥味、烟味、鞋臭等。
对本发明实施例所制得的表面长效抗菌杀毒剂进行抗菌杀毒测试。
使用本实施例所制得的表面长效抗菌杀毒剂进行空白对照实验，测试抗菌性能，测试结果如表1所示：
表1
使用本实施例所制得的表面长效抗菌杀毒剂喷涂于口罩表面，用流感病毒进行细胞毒性实验和抗病毒测试。
测试方法如下：
试验场所：上海市疾病预防控制中心2号楼419室。
病毒悬液：流感病毒甲三型(A3/SH/1/98)，鸡胚传代培养。
使用涂覆有表面长效抗菌杀毒剂和普通口罩分别制备等梯度浓度的震荡样液，使用震荡样液对MDCK细胞做细胞毒性实验，测试结果如表2所示：
表2
| 原液 | 1:2 | 1:4 | 1:8 | 1:16 | 1:32 | 1:64 | 1:128 | Cell对照 | |
| 抑菌高过滤口罩样片 | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
| 对照普通口罩样片 | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
备注：“+”表示有细胞毒性作用，“-”表示无细胞毒性作用
抗病毒测试结果如表3所示。
表3
由表1-3可看出，本发明实施例所制得的表面长效抗菌杀毒剂具有良好的抗菌杀毒性能，并且对细胞无毒性作用，具有很强的长效表面抗病毒能力。
因此，通过本发明得到的表面长效抗菌杀毒剂，其组成成分为全无机组份，其中活性组份次氯酸含量在30～300ppm，氧化电位大于1400mv，活性组份石墨烯、铁掺杂自分散纳米二氧化钛是弱光型光催化剂，而通过氧化电位小分子水的进一步激发，让自分散纳米二氧化钛光催化剂催化能力更强，附着力好，呈5纳米级的单分散，能够轻易进入物体表面的内部，嵌入在表面缝隙中，即使用力擦拭也不会掉。
该产品具有强劲的即使杀菌杀毒能力，同时形成一层纳米光催化膜层，具有长效的广谱抗菌杀毒能力。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其进行限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而这些修改或者等同替换亦不能使修改后的技术方案脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种表面长效抗菌杀毒剂，其特征在于，其组成成分包括组分A、组分B和辅料，所述组分A、所述组分B、所述辅料均为无机组分，所述组分A为自分散的石墨烯和铁掺杂的纳米二氧化钛粉体，所述粉体呈5纳米级的单分散，所述组分B为酸性氧化电位小分子水；
上述一种表面长效抗菌杀毒剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）制备组分A
a）将醇类物质通过计量泵打入配料釜中，并开启搅拌，开启夹套冷却水进行降温；
b）将钛盐通过计量泵打入配料釜中，边搅拌边降温，直到钛盐跟醇类充分混合反应；
c）加入定量的石墨烯和定量的三氯化铁；
d）继续搅拌反应0.5~2小时，得到配置液C；
e）将配置液C转移到特制反应釜中，通过反应釜夹套对反应釜进行升温，温度控制在100℃~400℃，反应时间控制在8~24小时；
f）反应完成后，通过反应釜反应产生的压力由反应釜的底阀释放到旋流分离器中，实现气固的分离，固体粉末由分离器底部容器接收得到自分散的石墨烯和铁掺杂的纳米二氧化钛粉体，即组分A，所述粉体呈5纳米级的单分散，而气体进入尾气处理装置，处理合格后排放；
j）反应釜中的残余粉末用氮气吹扫进入旋流分离器，直到反应釜吹扫干净，所述组分A进一步在真空干燥器中进行干燥，去除所述组分A中的易挥发的有机物，尾气进入尾气处理装置，处理合格后排放；
（2）制备组分B
h）自来水经过RO反渗透膜处理单元，除去水中离子，得到纯水，纯水中加入添加剂后进入电解水装置，得到酸性氧化电位小分子水，即组分B；
（3）制备表面长效抗菌杀毒剂
i）将组分A、组分B和辅料在配料釜中按照一定的比例 进行配置，得到最终产品表面长效抗菌杀毒剂，其中质量百分比为组分A：组分B：辅料=0.5~5%：94~99%：0.5%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种表面长效抗菌杀毒剂，其特征在于：所述钛盐为四氯化钛、硫酸氧钛、偏钛酸、钛酸酯及其衍生物中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种表面长效抗菌杀毒剂，其特征在于：所述醇类为甲醇、乙醇、乙二醇、异丙醇、丙三醇中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种表面长效抗菌杀毒剂，其特征在于：所述石墨烯为3~10层石墨烯、氧化石墨烯中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种表面长效抗菌杀毒剂，其特征在于：所述三氯化铁为无水三氯化铁。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种表面长效抗菌杀毒剂，其特征在于：所述辅料为钛溶胶、硅溶胶、铝溶胶中的一种或几种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种表面长效抗菌杀毒剂，其特征在于，步骤c）中石墨烯的加入量为体系质量分数0.01%~0.5%，所述三氯化铁的加入量为体系质量分数0.01%~0.5%。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种表面长效抗菌杀毒剂，其特征在于，步骤h）中的添加剂为食品级的氯化钠、氯化钾、氯化镁、盐酸中的一种或几种。
9.如权利要求1-8任一项所述的一种表面长效抗菌杀毒剂的应用，其特征在于，所述表面长效抗菌杀毒剂应用到室内环境长效抗菌杀毒、车内环境长效抗菌杀毒、个人防护卫生、建筑物的抗菌防霉。
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