Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides the deep hole reverse boring tool suitable for the aluminum alloy thin-walled tube, so that the fine, stable, high-quality and efficient machining of the inner hole of the aluminum alloy thin-walled tube in the industries of aviation, aerospace, military industry and the like can be realized, and the fine adjustment can reach 0.01 mm.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: thin wall pipe deep hole boring cutter, including tool bit and handle of a knife, tool bit and handle of a knife are connected, the tool bit has been seted up cutter installation breach on being close to the excircle of the one end of handle of a knife, blade mounting groove and U type groove have been seted up to the bottom of cutter installation breach, U type groove is located one side of blade mounting groove, and the U type opening and the blade mounting groove intercommunication in U type groove, the step screw has been seted up to the bottom in U type groove, install the blade in the blade mounting groove, install adjusting screw in the step screw, on the projection on tool bit feed direction, the protruding tool bit's of knife tip projection of blade, the blade is close to adjusting screw one side and has the interior inclined plane of leanin, adjusting screw's head is seted up the conical surface b that matches with interior inclined plane, conical surface b and the laminating of interior inclined plane line face.
Optionally, a center hole is formed in the cutter head, a flushing hole is formed in the side wall, close to the center hole, of the installation notch, the flushing hole is communicated with the center hole, and a water outlet of the flushing hole faces towards the cutter point of the blade.
Optionally, a plurality of chip punching grooves are axially formed in the outer circle of the cutter head, and a convex tooth is formed between two adjacent chip punching grooves.
Optionally, a mounting groove is formed in the convex tooth, guide strips are mounted in the mounting groove, the outer circles of the guide strips are arc-shaped, arcs of the guide strips are located on the same circumference, and projection of a tool tip of the blade is located on the circumference of arc projection of the guide strips in the tool bit feeding direction.
Optionally, the number of the chip punching grooves is four, and the number of the convex teeth is four.
Optionally, the outer side wall of the blade is an inner inclined surface, and a matching inclined surface a matched with the inner inclined surface is arranged on one side, close to the flushing hole, of the blade mounting groove.
Optionally, a matching inclined surface b matched with the inner inclined surface is arranged on one side, close to the U-shaped groove, of the blade mounting groove.
Optionally, one end of the tool bit close to the tool shank is provided with a conical surface a.
Optionally, the middle of the tool holder is provided with four threads, the outer circle at the head of the tool holder is a positioning outer circle for radial centering, and the end face at the tail of the tool holder is an axial positioning end face.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the reverse boring tool greatly solves the problem that the cutting force generates vibration, and when the cutting is fed, the guide strip for back guide plays a similar polishing and hardening treatment role on the processed surface, and the roughness of the processed surface is optimized, so that the roughness Ra of the inner hole of the deep hole of the thin-walled tube is less than or equal to 0.8, and the uniformity of the wall thickness of two ends is less than or equal to 0.1
2. The cutter can be finely adjusted, the fine adjustment precision is stable, the actual processing and cutter adjustment precision has high composite degree, and the aperture tolerance of the processed thin-wall pipe reaches IT9 and the roundness is 0.03.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In addition, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention conventionally lay out when in use, or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, which are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the thin-walled tube deep hole reverse boring tool comprises a tool bit 1 and a tool holder 2, the tool bit 1 is connected with the tool holder 2, and further, the tool holder 2 is used for being connected with a tool bar, preferably, the middle part of the tool holder is provided with four-head threads, the outer circle at the head part of the tool holder is a positioning outer circle for radial centering, and the tail end face of the tool holder is an axial positioning end face, so that the tool bar is connected with the tool holder 2 by adopting spigot and end face positioning, the four-head threads are connected, the cutting force direction borne by the tool bit 1 is consistent with the screwing direction of the threads, the reliability is improved, the tool bar is in a hollow drill rod form and needs to simultaneously have high hardness of the surface and toughness of the tool bar, in the embodiment, the tool bar is made of alloy structural steel, the surface is hardened and has 0.005 of roundness to ensure high hardness and toughness, while the tool bit 1 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy, and then is subjected to sand blasting, and the cutter head 1 is provided with a cutter mounting notch 3 on the outer circle of one end close to the handle 2, preferably, the bottom surface of the cutter mounting notch 3 is a plane, the bottom of the cutter mounting notch 3 is provided with a blade mounting groove 31 and a U-shaped groove 32, the U-shaped groove 32 is positioned at one side of the blade mounting groove 31, the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped groove 32 is communicated with the blade mounting groove 31, the bottom of the U-shaped groove 32 is provided with a step screw hole 35, a blade 4 is mounted in the blade mounting groove 31, preferably, the bottom of the blade mounting groove 31 is provided with a screw hole, the blade 4 is provided with a mounting hole, the blade 4 is mounted on the blade mounting groove 31 through a screw, further, the top of the mounting hole of the blade 4 is an inverted cone-shaped hole, the screw is provided with a cone-shaped platform matched with the inverted cone-shaped hole, the screw is an inner hexagon screw, thereby facilitating the mounting of the blade 4, the adjusting screw 5 is mounted in the step screw hole 35, preferably, the adjusting screw 5 is a hexagon socket head adjusting screw 5, which facilitates the installation of the adjusting screw 5, in the projection in the feeding direction of the tool bit 1, the projection of the tool tip of the blade 4 protrudes out of the projection of the tool bit 1, so that the tool can cut a workpiece in the rotating process, as shown in fig. 3, one side of the blade 4 close to the adjusting screw 5 is provided with an inward inclined inner surface 41, the head of the adjusting screw 5 is provided with a tapered surface b42 matched with the inner inclined surface 41, the tapered surface b42 is in line-surface fit with the inner inclined surface 41, between the blades 4, the adjusting screw 5 is firstly installed in the step screw hole 35, at this time, the head of the adjusting screw 5 is located in the large hole of the step screw hole 35, the tapered surface b42 of the head of the adjusting screw 5 is located in the U-shaped groove, then the blade 4 is locked by the screw, then the blade 4 is finely adjusted, that is firstly loosened, the blade 4 is provided with a fine adjustment space, the adjusting screw 5 is screwed, the conical surface b42 of the adjusting screw 5 extrudes the blade 4, the position of the blade 4 slightly moves, the screw is locked, and the position of the blade 4 is fixed, so that the cutting position of the blade 4 slightly moves, the machining precision of the deep hole of the thin-wall pipe is improved, the fine adjustment precision of the blade 4 is stable, and the combination degree of actual machining and the cutter adjustment precision is high and can reach within 0.01 mm.
In this embodiment, the tool bit 1 is provided with the center hole 7, the water inlet of the center hole 7 is provided with the chamfer, the chamfer is used as a process reference for machining, the side wall of the installation notch, which is close to the center hole 7, is provided with the flushing hole 6, the flushing hole 6 is communicated with the center hole 7, and in the cutting process, most of chips after the chips are cut off by the blade 4 are flushed away by the flushed coolant in the flushing hole 6, preferably, the water outlet of the flushing hole 6 faces the tool tip of the blade 4, so that the chips generated by the tool tip can be flushed away in time, and the machining quality is ensured.
In this embodiment, a plurality of chip-punching grooves 8 are axially formed on the outer circle of the tool bit 1, a convex tooth 13 is formed between two adjacent chip-punching grooves 8, the chip-punching grooves 8 form a channel for another cooling liquid, the cooling liquid enters the chip-punching grooves to wash the pipe wall, thereby taking away the chips on the pipe wall, and further ensuring the processing quality, further, a mounting groove 10 is formed on the convex tooth 13, a guide strip 9 is mounted in the mounting groove 10, the outer circle of the guide strip 9 is arc-shaped, and the arcs of the guide strips 9 are located on the same circumference, in the projection in the feeding direction of the tool bit 1, the projection of the tool tip of the blade 4 is located on the circumference of the arc projection of the guide strip 9, the guide strip 9 can be processed in a grinding manner, the processing precision is high, and the finish-processing mounting groove 10 can also be processed in a milling manner, so that after the guide strip 9 is mounted in the mounting groove 10, the arc formed by the guide strip 9 can be matched with the precision size of the thin-walled tube to be processed, so that in the embodiment, the outer edge of the guide strip 9 can grind the processed inner hole of the thin-walled tube, burrs generated after the blade 4 is cut are cleaned, meanwhile, the guide strip 9 has a supporting function on the thin-walled tube, a rear guiding function can be achieved in the moving process of the tool bit 1, the vibration problem caused by cutting force is greatly improved, and the guide strip 9 can perform similar polishing on the processed surface. And (3) hardening treatment, optimizing the roughness of the machined surface to meet the requirement of machining precision, wherein in the embodiment, the axial length and the position of the guide strip 9 are determined according to the diameter of the hole and the position of the cutter point, finite element analysis can be adopted for simulation according to the cutting state, design optimization is further carried out, and the surface gloss of the guide strip 9 and the radial dimension of the cutter point are controlled to be 0.003-0.005 mm.
In this embodiment, the chip flushing grooves 8 are four, the protruding teeth 13 are also four, so the guide strips 9 are also four, and in the machining process, the cooling liquid in the chip flushing grooves 8 can flush the inner wall of the pipe, so as to take away the chips on the inner wall of the pipe, thereby avoiding the influence of the chips on the machining quality, meanwhile, the chip flushing grooves 8 can also reduce the weight of the tool bit 1, and further ensure the coaxiality of the tool bit 1 in the rotation process, further, as shown in fig. 4, for further reducing the weight of the tool bit 1, a lightening hole 11 is formed in one side, deviating from the tool mounting notch 3, of the tool bit 1.
In this embodiment, the outer side walls of the blade 4 are all inner inclined surfaces 41, preferably, the top of the blade 4 is a large diamond structure, and the bottom of the blade 4 is a small diamond structure, so that the four outer side walls of the blade 4 are all the inner inclined surfaces 41, and the blade 4 is in an axisymmetric structure, so that two opposite corners at the top of the blade 4 can be tool tips, thereby increasing the utilization rate of the blade 4 and reducing the use cost of the blade 4.
In the embodiment, the blade mounting groove 31 has a matching inclined surface a33 matching with the inner inclined surface 41 on the side close to the flushing hole 6, and the blade mounting groove 31 has a matching inclined surface b34 matching with the inner inclined surface 41 on the side close to the U-shaped groove 32, so that when the blade 4 is mounted, the blade 4 can be positioned through the matching inclined surface a33 and the matching inclined surface b34, and the mounting accuracy of the blade 4 is ensured.
In this embodiment, the tapered surface a12 is provided at one end of the tool bit 1 close to the holder 2, and similarly, the tapered surface a12 can reduce the weight of the tool bit 1 and the consumables of the tool bit 1.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.