CN114622304A - Preparation method of functional keratin composite fiber based on ionic liquid - Google Patents
Preparation method of functional keratin composite fiber based on ionic liquid Download PDFInfo
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/02—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from cellulose, cellulose derivatives, or proteins
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
- D01D1/02—Preparation of spinning solutions
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/18—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from other substances
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于离子液体的功能性角蛋白复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，将食用菌与动物毛发采用离子液体进行充分溶解，制备得到角蛋白与食用菌多糖蛋白混合的离子液体溶液，最后通过干喷湿纺工艺制备出具有亲肤、抗菌、抗衰老等保健功能的角蛋白复合纤维。该方法具有操作简单以及经济环保的特点，通过离子液体的高效溶解性，将食用菌菇中的菌多糖以及蛋白进行提取并与角蛋白均匀混合，最终为顺利纺丝奠定了基础，使自然界庞大的菌菇资源变废为宝。The invention discloses a preparation method of functional keratin composite fiber based on ionic liquid, which is characterized in that, edible fungi and animal hair are fully dissolved by ionic liquid to prepare ionic liquid mixed with keratin and edible fungi polysaccharide protein Finally, a keratin composite fiber with skin-friendly, antibacterial, anti-aging and other health care functions is prepared through a dry-spraying wet spinning process. The method has the characteristics of simple operation, economical and environmental protection. Through the high-efficiency solubility of ionic liquid, the polysaccharide and protein in edible mushrooms are extracted and mixed with keratin evenly, which finally lays the foundation for smooth spinning and makes the natural world huge. The mushroom resources turn waste into treasure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of functional keratin composite fibers based on ionic liquid, and belongs to the technical field of fiber dissolution and regeneration.
Background
Among the existing fibers, natural keratin fibers are approved by consumers because the amino acid composition of the natural keratin fibers is consistent with that of human skin and has strong skin-friendly property. However, only a very small amount of fine cashmere can be used as next-to-skin fabric in nature, and wool or other hair fibers have very strong scratchiness due to the scale structure, so that the wool or other hair fibers cannot be worn as next-to-skin clothes, which greatly reduces the skin-friendly function of the wool or other hair fibers. In addition, with the enhancement of health and health consciousness of people, the requirements on additional functions of textile such as skin friendliness, antibiosis, radiation resistance, aging resistance and the like are higher and higher. These single-component natural fibers represented by wool have not been able to satisfy the demand of people. Therefore, development of multifunctional composite fibers is urgently required.
However, most of the multifunctional composite fibers in the market are chemical fiber raw materials, so that the skin affinity is greatly reduced, and the acceptance of consumers is low. The regenerated keratin fiber has only a few research reports because of the complex extraction process of keratin, and the large-scale production is not realized. Functional keratin fibers are rare, so the development of novel keratin composite fibers with health care functions has important significance for developing new products.
In the field of health products, edible fungi represented by ganoderma lucidum and hericium erinaceus have been widely accepted by consumers. These fungi contain a large number of functional polysaccharide, protein and glycoprotein substances, which have strong biological activity and have strong effects in the aspects of antibiosis, antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anticoagulation, radiation resistance, fatigue resistance and the like. For example: the hericium erinaceus contains active polysaccharide with an effect of inhibiting oral bacterial pathogens, and can remarkably improve oral hygiene; the black fungus has an inhibiting effect on escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus and has a strong capacity of removing free radicals; the active ingredients such as ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide contained in the ganoderma lucidum have the function of resisting fatigue, and the beta-glucan contained in the mushroom can prolong the life cycle of a patient with late gastric cancer; the effective components contained in Pleurotus eryngii can induce immunocyte proliferation and enhance the immunoregulatory ability of body.
Therefore, if the edible fungi are dissolved and added into the keratin spinning solution to prepare the composite regenerated keratin fiber with various health care functions, the preparation method has very important significance for expanding the health care function of the fiber and expanding the application of the edible fungi. However, fungi are difficult to dissolve because the edible fungi contain complex components, including not only polysaccharides, but also chitosan, lignin and a large amount of glycoproteins, and are very complex mixed systems. In the case of glycoproteins, this is an intermediate between polysaccharides and proteins, which have both sugar and protein properties and are neither sugars nor proteins, and thus are difficult to dissolve. Therefore, although fungi have a strong health-care function, it is not easy to dissolve and add the fungi to the spinning solution, and it is more difficult to prepare a composite fiber of the two.
Disclosure of Invention
[ problem ] to provide a method for producing a semiconductor device
At present, the composite keratin fiber taking the fungal polysaccharide protein as a functional component is not reported in the market, which is mainly because the dissolution and the spinning of the fungi and the keratin are difficult, and the finding of a proper cosolvent system and a spinning method are very critical. In addition, the spinning method and the spinning process parameters have important influence on the performance of the fiber.
[ technical solution ] A
In order to solve the problems, the invention successfully prepares the functional keratin composite fiber by using the ionic liquid as a cosolvent and using a dry-jet wet spinning process.
The first object of the present invention is to provide a spinning solution comprising an edible fungal polysaccharide protein ionic liquid solution and a keratin ionic liquid solution;
the preparation method of the edible fungus polysaccharide protein ionic liquid solution comprises the following steps: dissolving the edible fungi by adopting ionic liquid;
the preparation method of the keratin ionic liquid solution comprises the following steps: dissolving animal hair by using ionic liquid;
the concentration of the fungal polysaccharide protein in the edible fungal polysaccharide protein ionic liquid solution is 5-30 wt%; the concentration of keratin in the keratin ionic liquid solution is 5 wt% -30 wt%;
the mass ratio of the edible fungus polysaccharide protein ionic liquid solution to the keratin ionic liquid solution is 2: 8-4: 6.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the edible fungi include one or more of flammulina velutipes, agaricus bisporus, ganoderma lucidum, shiitake mushrooms, straw mushrooms, coprinus comatus, agrocybe cylindracea, mushrooms, pholiota nameko, poria cocos, agaric, tremella, hericium erinaceus, dictyophora phalloidea, matsutake, tricholoma matsutake, russula vinosa, cordyceps sinensis, truffle, pleurotus nebrodensis, boletus, morchella esculenta, saddley and truffle.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the hair fiber comprises one or more of human hair, wool, rabbit hair, yak hair, mohair, camel hair, pig hair, chicken hair, duck hair, and goose hair.
In one embodiment of the invention, the ionic liquid comprises one or more of 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride salt, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride salt, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride salt, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate salt and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethyl phosphate salt.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the conditions for dissolving the edible fungi by using the ionic liquid are as follows: the edible fungi accounts for 0.05-80% of the ionic liquid by mass; the temperature is 80-140 ℃.
In one embodiment of the invention, the water content of the edible fungi is less than 10%, and the mass ratio of the edible fungi in the ionic liquid is 0.05-80%. Preferably, the water content of the edible fungi is between 0.5 and 5 percent, and the edible fungi accounts for 10 to 40 percent of the mass ratio of the ionic liquid.
In one embodiment of the invention, the conditions for dissolving animal hair with ionic liquid are as follows: the hair accounts for 10-40% of the mass ratio of the ionic liquid; the temperature is 80-140 ℃.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the moisture content of the hair is less than 10%, and the mass ratio of the hair to the ionic liquid is 0.05-80%, preferably, the moisture content of the hair fiber is between 0.5-5%, and the mass ratio of the hair to the ionic liquid is 10-40%.
In one embodiment of the invention, the mixing ratio of the edible fungus polysaccharide protein and the keratin in the spinning solution is between 5:95 and 95:5, the mass fraction of the two mixtures in the total mass of the ionic liquid is between 4 and 50 percent, and the temperature of the spinning solution is between 80 and 140 ℃. Preferably, the mixing ratio of the edible fungus polysaccharide protein and the keratin in the spinning solution is 20: 80-40: 60, the mass fraction of the two mixtures in the total mass of the ionic liquid is 8-30%, and the temperature of the spinning solution is 90-120 ℃.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing multifunctional keratin composite fibers, which is dry-jet wet spinning using the above spinning solution as a coagulation bath.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method comprises: adopting a dry-jet wet-spinning process, enabling the ionic liquid spinning solution to pass through a metering pump, pass through a spinneret plate, controlling the length of an air gap, and finally entering a coagulating bath for coagulating and forming; and then stretching, washing and drying the fibers to form fibers, thus obtaining the functional keratin composite fiber long fibers or short fibers containing the edible fungus polysaccharide protein.
In one embodiment of the invention, the air gap distance is between 0.1 and 12 cm. Preferably, the air gap distance is between 0.5 and 5 cm.
In one embodiment of the invention, the coagulation bath is a water/ionic liquid solution, the ionic liquid accounts for less than 20% of the mass fraction of the coagulation bath solution, and the temperature of the coagulation bath is between-5 ℃ and 20 ℃. Preferably, the mass fraction of the ionic liquid in the coagulating bath solution is 1-10%, and the coagulating bath temperature is 0-10 ℃.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the draw ratio during drawing is 1 to 15, and the drawing bath is an aqueous solution at 40 to 80 ℃. Preferably, the drawing ratio during drawing is between 2 and 8, and the drawing bath is an aqueous solution at 60 to 80 ℃.
A third object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional keratin composite fiber prepared according to the above method. The composite fiber has the functions of antibiosis, free radical elimination and radiation protection.
The fourth purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the multifunctional keratin composite fiber in the aspects of textile garment materials, packaging materials, food preservation, medical textiles and the like.
The invention has the following advantages and effects:
(1) the edible fungi has good solubility in the ionic liquid, and the spinning solution is easy to prepare: the ionic liquid adopted by the invention can dissolve the edible fungi and the keratin simultaneously, and the preparation process of the spinning solution is simple. The ionic liquid is a novel green solvent with strong polarity, not only can dissolve polysaccharide substances but also can dissolve protein, and the edible fungi can be quickly dissolved in the ionic liquid, and the highest dissolving mass fraction is about 40 wt%.
(2) The prepared keratin composite fiber has good functionality: the edible fungi are rich in a large amount of active substances, researches show that the active substances can be effectively reserved in the ionic liquid dissolving process, and the prepared keratin composite fiber has the functions of resisting bacteria, removing free radicals, resisting oxidation, preventing radiation and the like.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of better illustrating the invention and is not intended to limit the invention thereto.
The test method comprises the following steps:
(1) DPPH radical scavenging ability (antioxidant ability)
Absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, 0.1mmol/L DPPH solution is prepared, the solution is placed in a 250mL brown volumetric flask, and the flask is placed in a refrigerator for later use at 4 ℃. During testing, 2mL of sample solution is taken in a test tube, 2mL of the solution of the PPH is added, the test tube is shaken up and kept in the dark for 30min, then the test tube is zeroed by distilled water, and the absorbance A is measured at the wavelength of 517 nm. The DPPH radical clearance was calculated according to the following formula.
P＝[A0-(A1-A2)]/A0×100％
Wherein: p is DPPH radical clearance,%; absorbance of a0 blank sample, 80% ethanol replacement sample; a1: absorbance of the sample; a2: absorbance of background values of the samples, 80% ethanol instead of DPPH.
(2) Ultraviolet radiation resistance test
And testing the ultraviolet radiation resistance of the fabric by using a UV-2000F ultraviolet transmittance tester according to GB/T18830-.
(3) Test of antibacterial Property
The antibacterial performance of the fiber is measured according to GB/T20944.3-2008, evaluation of antibacterial performance of textiles, part 3, namely a vibration method, detection strains are selected from escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus, the quantitative antibacterial activity of a sample is expressed by the antibacterial rate, and the calculation formula is as follows: the bacteriostasis rate is (W-Q)/Wx100%
Wherein W is the average colony number on a control sample culture dish; q is the average number of colonies on the fiber culture dish.
(4) Fiber breaking Strength and elongation test
The test is carried out according to GBT14344-1993 test methods for breaking strength and breaking elongation of synthetic filaments and textured filaments.
A preparation method of functional keratin composite fibers based on ionic liquid comprises the following specific implementation method:
the wt% mentioned in the following examples is a solute mass fraction, where solute mass fraction is (mass added to solid-mass of insoluble matter)/mass of ionic liquid.
Example 1:
(1) adding dried Ganoderma (water content less than 5%) into 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid at a mass ratio of 10%, heating to 90 deg.C, stirring for dissolving, completing dissolving when there is no soluble substance in visual field, filtering to remove insoluble substance to obtain ionic liquid solution containing about 8 wt% ganoderan protein;
(2) adding the dried wool (the water content is less than 5%) into 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid according to the mass ratio of 10%, heating to 120 ℃, stirring and dissolving the wool, completing dissolving when no soluble substances exist in a visual field, and filtering to remove insoluble substances to obtain an ionic liquid solution containing about 8 wt% of keratin;
(3) mixing the two solutions according to the mass ratio of the ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide protein ionic liquid solution to the keratin ionic liquid solution of 20:80, defoaming and filtering to obtain an ionic liquid spinning solution, and keeping the temperature of the spinning solution at 90 ℃;
(4) spinning by adopting a dry-jet wet spinning process, wherein the ionic liquid spinning solution passes through a metering pump, passes through a spinneret plate, controls the length of an air gap to be 3cm, and finally enters a coagulation bath containing 2 wt% of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid at the temperature of 0 ℃ for coagulation forming;
(5) and (3) stretching the solidified and formed fiber in an aqueous solution at the temperature of 80 ℃ at a draft ratio of 1.5, washing with three times of water, drying at the temperature of 100 ℃ and forming fiber to obtain the functional keratin composite fiber long fiber or short fiber containing the ganoderan protein.
The fiber is subjected to performance test, and the result shows that the breaking strength of the fiber is 2.2cN/dT, the breaking elongation is 5.1 percent, the fiber has inhibition effect on escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus, the inhibition rate on escherichia coli is about 85 percent, and the inhibition rate on staphylococcus aureus is about 90 percent; DPPH test shows that the fiber has a radical clearance rate of about 85 percent and an ultraviolet protection index UPF of more than 50.
Example 2:
(1) adding dried Hericium erinaceus (with water content of about 8%) into 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid at a mass ratio of 15%, heating to 100 deg.C, stirring for dissolving, filtering to remove insoluble substances to obtain ionic liquid solution containing 12 wt% Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide protein;
(2) adding dried rabbit hair (with water content of about 10%) into 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid according to a mass ratio of 15%, heating to 120 ℃, stirring and dissolving the rabbit hair, completing dissolving when no soluble substances exist in a visual field, and filtering to remove insoluble substances to obtain an ionic liquid solution containing rabbit hair keratin of about 12 wt%;
(3) mixing the two solutions according to the mass ratio of 30: 70, defoaming and filtering to prepare an ionic liquid spinning solution, and keeping the temperature of the spinning solution at 90 ℃;
(4) spinning by adopting a dry-jet wet spinning process, passing the ionic liquid spinning solution through a metering pump, passing through a spinneret plate, controlling the length of an air gap to be 4cm, and finally, allowing the ionic liquid spinning solution to enter a coagulation bath containing 2 wt% of 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid at the temperature of 0 ℃ for coagulation forming;
(5) and (3) stretching the solidified and formed fiber in an aqueous solution at the temperature of 80 ℃ with the draw ratio of 1.5, washing with three times of water, drying at the temperature of 100 ℃ and forming fiber to obtain the functional keratin composite fiber long fiber or short fiber containing the hericium erinaceus polysaccharide protein.
The fiber is subjected to performance test, the result shows that the breaking strength of the fiber is 2.5cN/dT, the breaking elongation is 4.5%, the fiber has inhibition effect on escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus, the inhibition rate on escherichia coli is about 90%, and the inhibition rate on staphylococcus aureus is about 90%; DPPH shows that the fiber has a radical scavenging rate of about 85% and a UV protection index UPF of about 40.
Example 3:
(1) adding dried needle mushroom (with water content of about 4%) into 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid at a mass ratio of 25%, heating to 100 ℃, stirring for dissolving, completing dissolving when no soluble substances exist in a visual field, and filtering to remove insoluble substances to obtain an ionic liquid solution containing about 20 wt% needle mushroom polysaccharide protein;
(2) adding the dried wool (the water content is about 5%) into 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid according to the mass ratio of 25%, heating to 120 ℃, stirring and dissolving the wool until no soluble substances exist in the visual field, completing dissolving, and filtering to remove insoluble substances to obtain an ionic liquid solution containing 20 wt% of wool keratin;
(3) mixing the two solutions according to the mass ratio of 20:80, defoaming and filtering to prepare an ionic liquid spinning solution, and keeping the temperature of the spinning solution at 90 ℃;
(4) spinning by adopting a dry-jet wet spinning process, passing the ionic liquid spinning solution through a metering pump, passing through a spinneret plate, controlling the length of an air gap to be 3cm, and finally, carrying out coagulation forming in a coagulation bath containing 2 wt% of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid at the temperature of 0 ℃;
(5) and (3) stretching the solidified and formed fiber in an aqueous solution at the temperature of 80 ℃ at a draft ratio of 3, washing with three times of water, drying at 100 ℃ and forming fiber to obtain the functional keratin composite fiber long fiber or short fiber containing the flammulina velutipes polysaccharide protein.
The functional performance test of the fiber shows that the breaking strength of the fiber is 2.7cN/dT, the breaking elongation is 5.5 percent, the fiber has the inhibition effect on both escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus, the bacteriostasis rate on the escherichia coli is about 99 percent, and the bacteriostasis rate on the staphylococcus aureus is about 98 percent; DPPH test shows that the fiber has a radical clearance rate of about 80 percent and an ultraviolet protection index UPF of more than 50.
Example 4:
(1) adding dried needle mushroom (with water content of about 10%) into 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ionic liquid in a mass ratio of 30%, heating to 120 ℃, stirring for dissolving, completing dissolving when no soluble substances exist in a visual field, and filtering to remove insoluble substances to obtain an ionic liquid solution containing about 25 wt% of needle mushroom polysaccharide protein;
(2) adding the dried wool (the water content is about 5%) into 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ionic liquid according to the mass ratio of 30%, heating to 120 ℃, stirring and dissolving the wool, completing dissolving after no soluble substances exist in a visual field, and filtering to remove insoluble substances to obtain an ionic liquid solution containing about 25 wt% of wool keratin;
(3) mixing the two solutions according to the mass ratio of 40:60, defoaming and filtering to prepare an ionic liquid spinning solution, and keeping the temperature of the spinning solution at 90 ℃;
(4) spinning by adopting a dry-jet wet spinning process, passing the ionic liquid spinning solution through a metering pump, passing through a spinneret plate, controlling the length of an air gap to be 5cm, and finally, carrying out coagulation forming in a coagulation bath containing 10 wt% of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ionic liquid at the temperature of 5 ℃;
(5) and (3) stretching the solidified and formed fiber in an aqueous solution at the temperature of 80 ℃ at a draft ratio of 3, washing with three times of water, drying at 100 ℃ and forming fiber to obtain the functional keratin composite fiber long fiber or short fiber containing the flammulina velutipes polysaccharide protein.
The fiber is subjected to performance test, the result shows that the breaking strength of the fiber is 2.8cN/dT, the breaking elongation is 6.2 percent, the fiber has inhibition effect on escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus, the bacteriostasis rate on escherichia coli is about 99 percent, and the bacteriostasis rate on staphylococcus aureus is about 99 percent; DPPH test shows that the fiber has a radical clearance rate of about 85 percent and an ultraviolet protection index UPF of more than 50.
Example 5:
(1) adding dried Auricularia (water content of about 2%) into 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ionic liquid at a mass ratio of 20%, heating to 120 deg.C, stirring for dissolving, filtering to remove insoluble substances to obtain ionic liquid solution containing Auricularia polysaccharide protein 15 wt%;
(2) adding the dried chicken feather (the water content is about 2%) into 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ionic liquid according to the mass ratio of 20%, heating to 120 ℃, stirring and dissolving the chicken feather until no soluble substances exist in the visual field, completing dissolving, and filtering to remove insoluble substances to obtain an ionic liquid solution containing 15 wt% of chicken feather keratin;
(3) mixing the two solutions according to the mass ratio of 40:60, defoaming and filtering to prepare an ionic liquid spinning solution, and keeping the temperature of the spinning solution at 80 ℃;
(4) spinning by adopting a dry-jet wet spinning process, passing the ionic liquid spinning solution through a metering pump, passing through a spinneret plate, controlling the length of an air gap to be 1.5cm, and finally, carrying out coagulation forming in a coagulation bath containing 1 wt% of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ionic liquid at the temperature of-5 ℃;
(5) and (3) stretching the solidified and formed fiber in an aqueous solution at the temperature of 40 ℃ at a draft ratio of 1.2, washing with three times of water, drying at the temperature of 100 ℃ and forming fiber to obtain the functional keratin composite fiber long fiber or short fiber containing the auricularia auricula polysaccharide protein.
The fiber is subjected to performance test, the result shows that the breaking strength of the fiber is 2.1cN/dT, the breaking elongation is 5.7 percent, the fiber has inhibition effect on escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus, the bacteriostasis rate on escherichia coli is about 70 percent, and the bacteriostasis rate on staphylococcus aureus is about 60 percent; DPPH test shows that the fiber has a radical clearance of about 55% and a UV protection index UPF of about 30.
Comparative example 1:
referring to the method in the step (1) in example 1, the prepared ionic liquid solution of ganoderan protein is independently spun, and the result shows that the ionic liquid solution of ganoderan protein can not be continuously spun basically, the prepared fiber has poor uniformity and mechanical properties, the breaking strength of the fiber is 0.2cN/dT, the elongation at break is 0, the fiber has inhibitory effect on escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus, the bacteriostatic rate on escherichia coli is about 85%, and the bacteriostatic rate on staphylococcus aureus is about 90%; DPPH testing showed that the fiber had a radical scavenging rate of about 75% and a uv protection index UPF of about 20.
Comparative example 2:
referring to the method of step (2) of example 1, the prepared keratin ionic liquid solution was separately spun, and the results showed that the keratin ionic liquid solution alone was also substantially non-spinnable, the prepared fiber was poor in uniformity and mechanical properties, the prepared fiber had a breaking strength of 0.5cN/dT and an elongation at break of 0.5%, the fiber had no inhibitory effect on escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus, and the DPPH test showed that the fiber had a radical scavenging rate of about 20% and an ultraviolet protection index UPF of about 40.
The comparison results of the example 1 and the comparative examples 1 and 2 show that the edible fungus polysaccharide protein alone and the keratin alone are difficult to spin, the mechanical property and the functionality of the prepared fiber are not as good as those of the composite fiber of the edible fungus polysaccharide protein and the keratin alone, and the composite fiber of the edible fungus polysaccharide protein and the keratin can obviously improve various properties of the fiber.
TABLE 1
Comparative example 3:
referring to the method of example 1, the mass ratio of the ganoderan protein ionic liquid solution to the keratin ionic liquid solution was adjusted to 5:95, 10:90, 60:40, 80:20, and the results shown in table 2 were obtained, as can be seen from table 2: too little and too much addition of the ionic liquid solution containing ganoderan protein can cause rapid reduction of the mechanical properties of the fibers after spinning. Therefore, the mass ratio of the fungal polysaccharide protein ionic liquid solution to the keratin ionic liquid solution is preferably 20: 80-40: 60.
TABLE 2 Effect of polysaccharide protein/keratin mixture ratio on various Properties of composite fibers
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A spinning solution, characterized in that the spinning solution comprises an edible fungal polysaccharide protein ionic liquid solution and a keratin ionic liquid solution;
the preparation method of the edible fungus polysaccharide protein ionic liquid solution comprises the following steps: dissolving the edible fungi by adopting ionic liquid;
the preparation method of the keratin ionic liquid solution comprises the following steps: dissolving animal hair by using ionic liquid;
the concentration of the fungal polysaccharide protein in the edible fungal polysaccharide protein ionic liquid solution is 5-30 wt%; the concentration of keratin in the keratin ionic liquid solution is 5 wt% -30 wt%;
the mass ratio of the edible fungus polysaccharide protein ionic liquid solution to the keratin ionic liquid solution is 2: 8-4: 6.
2. The spinning solution of claim 1 wherein the edible fungi comprise any one or more of flammulina velutipes, agaricus bisporus, ganoderma lucidum, lentinus edodes, straw mushrooms, coprinus comatus, agrocybe cylindracea, mushrooms, pholiota nameko, poria cocos, agaric, tremella, hericium erinaceus, dictyophora phalloidea, matsutake, tricholoma matsutake, russula vinosa, cordyceps, truffle, pleurotus nebrodensis, boletus, morchella esculenta, or truffle.
3. The spinning solution of claim 1 or 2, wherein said hair fibers comprise any one or more of human hair, wool, rabbit hair, yak hair, mohair, camel hair, pig hair, chicken hair, duck hair, or goose hair.
4. The spinning solution of any of claims 1 to 3 wherein the ionic liquid is an imidazolium ionic liquid comprising 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethyl phosphate.
5. The spinning solution according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the conditions for the solubilization of edible fungi with ionic liquids are: the edible fungi accounts for 0.05-80% of the ionic liquid by mass; the temperature is 80-140 ℃.
6. The spinning solution according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the conditions for dissolving animal hair with ionic liquids are: the hair accounts for 10-40% of the mass ratio of the ionic liquid; the temperature is 80-140 ℃.
7. A method for preparing a multifunctional keratin composite fiber, characterized in that the method is dry-jet wet-spinning using the spinning solution of any one of claims 1 to 6 as a coagulation bath to obtain the multifunctional keratin composite fiber.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method comprises: the spinning solution of any one of claims 1 to 6 is passed through a metering pump, a spinneret plate and a controlled air gap length by adopting a dry-jet wet spinning process, and finally enters a coagulating bath for coagulation and forming; and then stretching, washing and drying to form fiber to obtain the multifunctional keratin composite fiber.
9. The multifunctional keratin composite fiber produced by the method according to claim 7 or 8.
10. The multifunctional keratin composite fiber of claim 9 for use in textile garment materials, packaging materials, food preservation, and medical textiles.
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