CN114784792B - Grid planning method for photovoltaic power station grid connection - Google Patents

Grid planning method for photovoltaic power station grid connection Download PDF

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CN114784792B
CN114784792B CN202210331395.8A CN202210331395A CN114784792B CN 114784792 B CN114784792 B CN 114784792B CN 202210331395 A CN202210331395 A CN 202210331395A CN 114784792 B CN114784792 B CN 114784792B
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photovoltaic power
power supply
power station
power
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CN114784792A (en
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马靖宇
王笑凯
宋桂贤
沈世林
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Cangzhou Power Supply Co of State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2101/00—Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
    • H02J2101/20—Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources
    • H02J2101/22—Solar energy
    • H02J2101/24—Photovoltaics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2103/00—Details of circuit arrangements for mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2103/30—Simulating, planning, modelling, reliability check or computer assisted design [CAD] of electric power networks

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Abstract

The invention provides a power grid planning method for grid connection of a photovoltaic power station, which belongs to the technical field of power grid operation and maintenance and comprises the steps of history estimation, preliminary planning, actual measurement and calculation, re-planning and the like. According to the invention, the short-term actual measurement and calculation are carried out on the target photovoltaic power station, the relation curve of the illumination intensity and the actual power supply quantity can be directly measured from the grid-connected result, the future all-day power supply quantity distribution of the target photovoltaic power station is estimated according to weather forecast data by means of the relation curve, and the power supply quantity of the photovoltaic power station, which is complemented with the power grid, is planned and regulated in advance according to the requirement of the power grid, so that more response, regulation, correction and remediation time can be provided, and the complex electric equipment is prevented from being installed on each photovoltaic power station to regulate, thereby being beneficial to reducing the equipment cost of photovoltaic power generation and power grid operation and maintenance, being more convenient for management of operation and maintenance personnel, and being beneficial to improving the safety and stability of the power grid operation.

Description

Grid planning method for grid connection of photovoltaic power station
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of grid operation and maintenance, and particularly relates to a grid planning method for grid connection of a photovoltaic power station.
Background
The photovoltaic power generation grid connection is that direct current generated by a solar component is converted into alternating current meeting the requirements of a commercial power grid through a grid-connected inverter and then is directly connected into the public power grid. In recent years, with the development of photovoltaic technology and the encouragement of related policies, the construction of photovoltaic power stations is gradually increasing, and the photovoltaic power stations can occupy a larger proportion in the electric energy supply of some areas.
Because the power supply quantity of the photovoltaic power station is greatly influenced by weather (especially illumination intensity), the characteristics of low power supply stability throughout the day and difficult estimation of the power supply quantity exist, and in order to avoid influencing the running stability of the power grid, the power supply quantity needs to be regulated through some electrical equipment.
However, the mode of adopting electrical equipment to adjust is more suitable for large-scale photovoltaic power stations, but because the large-scale photovoltaic power stations have large investment, long construction period and large occupied area, the speed and the number of the construction grid connection are far less than those of the distributed small-scale photovoltaic power stations, in particular to photovoltaic power stations integrated with photovoltaic buildings. The small-sized power stations have the characteristics of miniaturization, large quantity, high dispersion degree and small power supply amount of a single photovoltaic power station, and if all the small-sized photovoltaic power stations are provided with the electric devices for adjustment, the cost is greatly increased, and the management is very inconvenient. Meanwhile, more and more photovoltaic power stations are newly connected in recent years, and the stability of the operation of the power grid is affected if a large number of photovoltaic power stations are connected in a short period.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a power grid planning method for grid connection of a photovoltaic power station, which aims to solve the technical problem that the stability of the operation of a power grid is easily affected due to the fact that the power supply stability of the photovoltaic power station is not strong throughout the day and the power supply quantity is difficult to estimate in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that a power grid planning method for grid connection of a photovoltaic power station is provided, and the method comprises the following steps:
S300, actually measuring and calculating, namely after a target photovoltaic power station is connected to a power grid, monitoring the illumination intensity of an area where the target photovoltaic power station is located and the actual power supply quantity of the target photovoltaic power station in a preset time period, and generating a second relation curve aiming at the illumination intensity and the actual power supply quantity of the target photovoltaic power station;
S400, planning again, wherein weather forecast data of the region and the second relation curve are combined, future all-day power supply quantity distribution of the target photovoltaic power station is estimated, and power supply of the target photovoltaic power station is planned according to the future all-day power supply quantity distribution and all-day power supply requirements of the regional power grid, wherein the weather forecast data of the region comprises all-day illumination intensity distribution.
In one possible implementation, before step S300, the method further includes:
S100, historical estimation, namely combining historical data of operation of a photovoltaic power station in the region with historical illumination intensity data of the region to generate a first relation curve of illumination intensity and unit area power supply quantity;
And S200, primarily planning, namely combining the scale data of the target photovoltaic power station to be planned, the weather forecast data of the region and the first relation curve, estimating the future all-day power supply quantity distribution of the target photovoltaic power station, and primarily planning the power supply of the target photovoltaic power station according to the future all-day power supply quantity distribution and the all-day power supply requirement of the regional power grid, wherein the scale data of the target photovoltaic power station comprises the installed capacity of the target photovoltaic power station, and the weather forecast data of the region comprises the all-day illumination intensity distribution.
In one possible implementation, step S100 includes:
S110, acquiring historical data and historical illumination intensity data of operation of a photovoltaic power station in the area, wherein the historical data of operation of the photovoltaic power station comprise average power supply quantity and average power conversion rate of unit area in different time periods in the whole day, the historical illumination intensity data comprise average illumination intensity in different time periods in the whole day, the average power supply quantity of the unit area in the different time periods in the whole day is an average value of the power supply quantity in each time period after the whole day is divided into a plurality of time periods, and the average illumination intensity in the different time periods in the whole day is an average value of the illumination intensity in each time period after the whole day is divided into a plurality of time periods;
S120, respectively taking the power supply quantity and the illumination intensity as an X axis and a Y axis to establish a plane rectangular coordinate system, and taking the average power supply quantity and the average illumination intensity corresponding to the same period as a point to input the average power supply quantity and the average illumination intensity into the plane rectangular coordinate system to form a scatter diagram;
S130, fitting the first relation curve on the scatter diagram according to the degree of the density.
In one possible implementation, the area of the region is divided by a grid management area or by climate conditions, if the region has historical data of operation of the photovoltaic power plant, the historical data of operation of the photovoltaic power plant of the region is used, and if the region does not have historical data of operation of the photovoltaic power plant, the historical data of operation of the photovoltaic power plant of a region adjacent to the region is used.
In one possible implementation, step S200 includes:
S210, acquiring scale data of a target photovoltaic power station to be planned, wherein the scale data comprise installed capacity and theoretical electric energy conversion rate of the target photovoltaic power station to be planned;
S220, correcting the first relation curve by utilizing the ratio of the theoretical electric energy conversion rate of the target photovoltaic power station to be planned to the average electric energy conversion rate in the historical data of the operation of the photovoltaic power station in the area, so as to form a corrected first relation curve;
S230, acquiring illumination intensity distribution of all days in the future through weather forecast data, and after the illumination intensity distribution of all days in the future is led into the corrected first relation curve, generating power supply quantity distribution of all days in the future of the target photovoltaic power station, wherein the power supply quantity distribution of all days in the future is the maximum power supply quantity distribution which can be provided by the target photovoltaic power station in different time periods of all days in the future;
S240, predicting the future all-day power supply demand of the regional power grid, carrying out preliminary planning on the grid-connected electric quantity of the target photovoltaic power station in the future all-day according to the future all-day power supply demand of the regional power grid, carrying out full-load power supply on the target photovoltaic power station when the power supply demand of the power grid in a certain period in the future is more than or equal to the power supply quantity of the target photovoltaic power station in the period, and carrying out power supply on the target photovoltaic power station according to a power utilization gap part when the power supply demand of the power grid in the certain period in the future is less than the power supply quantity of the target photovoltaic power station in the period;
s250, judging the power supply demand of the regional power grid in real time when the regional power grid operates, if the deviation between the power supply demand of the regional power grid and the estimated power supply demand of the period is within an allowable range, carrying out grid-connected power supply according to an original preliminary plan, and if the deviation between the power supply demand of the regional power grid and the estimated power supply demand of the period is beyond the allowable range, correcting the original preliminary plan, namely increasing or reducing the grid-connected power of the target photovoltaic power station, wherein the allowable range of the deviation is determined according to the allowable load of the power grid.
In one possible implementation, in step S220, the step of correcting includes multiplying the average power supply amount of the first relation by the ratio.
In one possible implementation, step S300 includes:
s310, after a target photovoltaic power station is connected to a power grid, obtaining average actual power supply quantity of unit area in different time periods of the whole day and average actual illumination intensity in different time periods of the whole day of an area where the target photovoltaic power station is located through monitoring, wherein the average actual power supply quantity of unit area in the different time periods of the whole day refers to average value of the actual power supply quantity in each time period after the whole day is divided into a plurality of time periods, and the average actual illumination intensity in the different time periods of the whole day refers to average value of the actual illumination intensity in each time period after the whole day is divided into a plurality of time periods;
s320, respectively taking the actual power supply quantity and the actual illumination intensity as an X axis and a Y axis to establish a plane rectangular coordinate system, taking the average actual power supply quantity and the average actual illumination intensity corresponding to the same period as the coordinates of a point, and inputting all coordinates of points generated by the multi-day data in the step S310 into the plane rectangular coordinate system to form a scatter diagram;
S330, fitting the second relation curve on the scatter diagram according to the degree of the density.
In one possible implementation, step S400 includes:
S410, acquiring illumination intensity distribution of all days in the future through weather forecast data, and after the illumination intensity distribution of all days in the future is imported into a second relation curve, generating power supply quantity distribution of all days in the future of the target photovoltaic power station, wherein the power supply quantity distribution of all days in the future is the maximum power supply quantity distribution which can be provided by the target photovoltaic power station in different time periods in the future;
S420, predicting the future all-day power supply demand of the regional power grid, carrying out preliminary planning on the grid-connected electric quantity of the target photovoltaic power station in the future all-day according to the future all-day power supply demand of the regional power grid, carrying out full-load power supply on the target photovoltaic power station when the power supply demand of the power grid in a certain period in the future is more than or equal to the power supply quantity of the target photovoltaic power station in the period, and carrying out power supply on the target photovoltaic power station according to a power utilization gap part when the power supply demand of the power grid in the certain period in the future is less than the power supply quantity of the target photovoltaic power station in the period;
s430, when the regional power grid operates, judging the power supply demand of the regional power grid in real time, if the deviation between the power supply demand of the regional power grid and the estimated power supply demand of the period is within an allowable range, carrying out grid-connected power supply according to an original preliminary plan, and if the deviation between the power supply demand of the regional power grid and the estimated power supply demand of the period is beyond the allowable range, correcting the original preliminary plan, namely increasing or reducing the grid-connected power of the target photovoltaic power station, wherein the allowable range of the deviation is determined according to the allowable load of the power grid.
In one possible implementation manner, the grid planning method for grid connection of the photovoltaic power station further comprises the following steps:
s500, intermittently correcting, namely repeating the step S300 and the step S400 after the target photovoltaic power station operates for a period of time, and correcting;
Intermittent corrections are made at least once every season.
In one possible implementation manner, the grid planning method for grid connection of the photovoltaic power station further comprises the following steps:
And S600, fault feedback, wherein in the operation process of the target photovoltaic power station, if the deviation between the grid-connected electric quantity of the target photovoltaic power station and the estimated numerical value exceeds a preset range in a short period, an operation and maintenance person of the target photovoltaic power station is notified to check the target photovoltaic power station.
Compared with the prior art, the grid planning method for the grid connection of the photovoltaic power station has the advantages that the short-term actual measurement and calculation of the target photovoltaic power station can be carried out, the unreliability of the parameters of the target photovoltaic power station can be ignored, the relation curve of the illumination intensity and the actual power supply quantity can be directly measured from the result after the grid connection, the illumination intensity distribution of the whole future day is calculated according to weather forecast data according to the relation curve, the future power supply quantity distribution of the target photovoltaic power station in the whole future is estimated according to the illumination intensity distribution of the whole future day, the power supply quantity of the photovoltaic power station which is supplemented to the power grid according to the requirements of the power grid can be planned and regulated in advance, the future power supply condition is predicted, and compared with the installation of electrical equipment, the method has more response, regulation, correction and remedy time, so that the complex electrical equipment is prevented from being installed on each photovoltaic power station to be regulated, the equipment cost of the photovoltaic power generation and the power grid operation is reduced, the management of operation and maintenance personnel is facilitated, and the safety and stability of the operation of the power grid are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power grid planning method for grid connection of a photovoltaic power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implying a number of technical features being indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" means two or more, and the meaning of "a number" means one or more, unless specifically defined otherwise.
The power grid planning method for grid connection of the photovoltaic power station provided by the invention is now described.
The power grid planning method for grid connection of the photovoltaic power station provided by the first embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
And S100, historical estimation, namely combining historical data of operation of the photovoltaic power station in the region with historical illumination intensity data of the region to generate a first relation curve of illumination intensity and unit area power supply quantity.
And S200, primarily planning, namely combining the scale data of the target photovoltaic power station to be planned, the weather forecast data of the region and the first relation curve, estimating the future all-day power supply quantity distribution of the target photovoltaic power station, and primarily planning the power supply of the target photovoltaic power station according to the future all-day power supply quantity distribution and the all-day power supply requirement of the regional power grid, wherein the scale data of the target photovoltaic power station comprises the installed capacity of the target photovoltaic power station, and the weather forecast data of the region comprises the all-day illumination intensity distribution.
S300, actually measuring and calculating, namely after the target photovoltaic power station is connected to the power grid, monitoring the illumination intensity of the area where the target photovoltaic power station is located and the actual power supply quantity of the target photovoltaic power station in a preset time period, and generating a second relation curve aiming at the illumination intensity and the actual power supply quantity of the target photovoltaic power station.
In the actual measurement stage, under the condition of permission, the target photovoltaic power station is fully supplied with power as much as possible so as to monitor more real data, if the condition is not permitted, the target photovoltaic power station must be regulated and controlled so that the target photovoltaic power station cannot be fully supplied with power, when the data is processed, the regulated and controlled period can be ignored or corrected, and if the data quantity is insufficient, the monitoring time can be increased.
S400, planning again, wherein weather forecast data of the region and the second relation curve are combined, future all-day power supply quantity distribution of the target photovoltaic power station is estimated, and power supply of the target photovoltaic power station is planned according to the future all-day power supply quantity distribution and all-day power supply requirements of the regional power grid, wherein the weather forecast data of the region comprises all-day illumination intensity distribution.
S500, intermittently correcting, namely repeating the step S300 and the step S400 for correction after the target photovoltaic power station operates for a period of time, wherein the intermittent correction is carried out at least once in each season.
And S600, fault feedback, wherein in the operation process of the target photovoltaic power station, if the deviation between the grid-connected electric quantity of the target photovoltaic power station and the estimated numerical value exceeds a preset range in a short period, an operation and maintenance person of the target photovoltaic power station is notified to check the target photovoltaic power station.
Since the illumination of the same area is approximately consistent, in actual operation, the target photovoltaic power station may be a single photovoltaic power station or a collection of a plurality of same photovoltaic power stations.
According to the power grid planning method for grid connection of the photovoltaic power station, firstly, the first relation curve of the general illumination intensity and the unit area power supply quantity of the photovoltaic power station is generated through historical data, then the first relation curve generated through the historical data is combined with weather forecast data to estimate the future all-day power supply quantity distribution of the photovoltaic power station, the target photovoltaic power station which is newly connected with the grid is planned in advance to guide the operation of the target photovoltaic power station, although the historical data cannot completely meet the target photovoltaic power station which is newly connected with the grid due to the influence of factors such as the change of the photoelectric conversion rate caused by the technical upgrading, the general estimation can be carried out on trend, peak clipping and valley filling can be carried out in a targeted manner, the safety and stability of the power grid can be guaranteed to the greatest extent, and the pressure of the safe operation of the power grid caused by the grid connection of the large photovoltaic power station and the large photovoltaic power station is greatly reduced; then, through carrying out short-term actual measurement and calculation on the target photovoltaic power station after grid connection, the unreliability of the parameters of the target photovoltaic power station can be ignored, a second relation curve of illumination intensity and actual power supply quantity can be directly calculated from the result after grid connection, the illumination intensity distribution of the whole future day is calculated according to weather forecast data by means of the relation curve, the power supply quantity distribution of the whole future day of the target photovoltaic power station is estimated according to the illumination intensity distribution of the whole future day, the power supply quantity of the photovoltaic power station, which is supplemented to the power grid, can be planned and regulated in advance according to the requirement of the power grid, which is equivalent to the predicted power supply condition in the future, and has more response, regulation, correction and remedy time compared with the installation of electric equipment, thereby avoiding the regulation of complex electric equipment installed on each photovoltaic power station, the method is beneficial to reducing the equipment cost of photovoltaic power generation and power grid operation and maintenance, is also more convenient for operation and maintenance personnel to manage, is beneficial to improving the safety and stability of power grid operation, and is used for compensating the influence of the reduction of power supply quantity of a photovoltaic panel caused by dust accumulation, equipment aging and other reasons through intermittent correction, ensuring the accuracy of regulation and control, informing the operation and maintenance personnel of a target photovoltaic power station in a fault feedback mode if the daily operation data of the target photovoltaic power station generate short-term change, checking the target photovoltaic power station, avoiding the expansion of the loss of the target photovoltaic power station, and timely adjusting the planning strategy according to the feedback condition of the target photovoltaic power station, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power grid.
The power grid planning method for grid connection of the photovoltaic power station provided by the second embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
S110, historical data and historical illumination intensity data of operation of a photovoltaic power station in the area are obtained, wherein the historical data of operation of the photovoltaic power station comprise average power supply quantity and average power conversion rate of unit area in different time periods in the whole day, the historical illumination intensity data comprise average illumination intensity in different time periods in the whole day, the average power supply quantity of unit area in different time periods in the whole day refers to average power supply quantity of unit time in each time period after the whole day is divided into a plurality of time periods, and the average illumination intensity in different time periods in the whole day refers to average illumination intensity of unit time in each time period after the whole day is divided into a plurality of time periods.
The area of the region is divided according to the power grid management area or the climate condition, if the region has the historical data of operating the photovoltaic power station, the historical data of operating the photovoltaic power station of the region is adopted, and if the region does not have the historical data of operating the photovoltaic power station, the historical data of operating the photovoltaic power station of the region adjacent to the region is adopted.
S120, respectively taking the power supply quantity and the illumination intensity as an X axis and a Y axis to establish a plane rectangular coordinate system, and taking the average power supply quantity and the average illumination intensity corresponding to the same period as a point to input the average power supply quantity and the average illumination intensity into the plane rectangular coordinate system to form a scatter diagram.
S130, fitting the first relation curve on the scatter diagram according to the degree of density, so that measurement errors caused by some special reasons can be ignored, and the relation curve is more accurate.
S210, acquiring scale data of a target photovoltaic power station to be planned, wherein the scale data comprise installed capacity and theoretical electric energy conversion rate of the target photovoltaic power station to be planned;
S220, correcting the first relation curve by utilizing the ratio of the theoretical electric energy conversion rate of the target photovoltaic power station to be planned to the average electric energy conversion rate in the historical data of the operation of the photovoltaic power station in the area to form a corrected first relation curve, wherein the step of correcting comprises the step of multiplying the average power supply quantity of the first relation curve by the ratio.
S230, acquiring illumination intensity distribution of all days in the future through weather forecast data, and after the illumination intensity distribution of all days in the future is led into the corrected first relation curve, generating power supply quantity distribution of all days in the future of the target photovoltaic power station, wherein the power supply quantity distribution of all days in the future is the maximum power supply quantity distribution which can be provided by the target photovoltaic power station in different time periods of all days in the future;
S240, predicting the future all-day power supply demand of the regional power grid, carrying out preliminary planning on the grid-connected electric quantity of the target photovoltaic power station in the future all-day according to the future all-day power supply demand of the regional power grid, carrying out full-load power supply on the target photovoltaic power station when the power supply demand of the power grid in a certain period in the future is more than or equal to the power supply quantity of the target photovoltaic power station in the period, and carrying out power supply on the target photovoltaic power station according to a power utilization gap part when the power supply demand of the power grid in the certain period in the future is less than the power supply quantity of the target photovoltaic power station in the period;
s250, judging the power supply demand of the regional power grid in real time when the regional power grid operates, if the deviation between the power supply demand of the regional power grid and the estimated power supply demand of the period is within an allowable range, carrying out grid-connected power supply according to an original preliminary plan, and if the deviation between the power supply demand of the regional power grid and the estimated power supply demand of the period is beyond the allowable range, correcting the original preliminary plan, namely increasing or reducing the grid-connected power of the target photovoltaic power station, wherein the allowable range of the deviation is determined according to the allowable load of the power grid.
S310, after a target photovoltaic power station is connected to a power grid, obtaining average actual power supply quantity of unit area in different time periods of the whole day and average actual illumination intensity in different time periods of the whole day of an area where the target photovoltaic power station is located through monitoring, wherein the average actual power supply quantity of unit area in the different time periods of the whole day refers to average value of the actual power supply quantity in each time period after the whole day is divided into a plurality of time periods, and the average actual illumination intensity in the different time periods of the whole day refers to average value of the actual illumination intensity in each time period after the whole day is divided into a plurality of time periods;
s320, respectively taking the actual power supply quantity and the actual illumination intensity as an X axis and a Y axis to establish a plane rectangular coordinate system, taking the average actual power supply quantity and the average actual illumination intensity corresponding to the same period as the coordinates of a point, and inputting all coordinates of points generated by the multi-day data in the step S310 into the plane rectangular coordinate system to form a scatter diagram;
S330, fitting the second relation curve on the scatter diagram according to the degree of the density.
S410, acquiring illumination intensity distribution of all days in the future through weather forecast data, and after the illumination intensity distribution of all days in the future is imported into a second relation curve, generating power supply quantity distribution of all days in the future of the target photovoltaic power station, wherein the power supply quantity distribution of all days in the future is the maximum power supply quantity distribution which can be provided by the target photovoltaic power station in different time periods in the future;
S420, predicting the future all-day power supply demand of the regional power grid, carrying out preliminary planning on the grid-connected electric quantity of the target photovoltaic power station in the future all-day according to the future all-day power supply demand of the regional power grid, carrying out full-load power supply on the target photovoltaic power station when the power supply demand of the power grid in a certain period in the future is more than or equal to the power supply quantity of the target photovoltaic power station in the period, and carrying out power supply on the target photovoltaic power station according to a power utilization gap part when the power supply demand of the power grid in the certain period in the future is less than the power supply quantity of the target photovoltaic power station in the period;
s430, when the regional power grid operates, judging the power supply demand of the regional power grid in real time, if the deviation between the power supply demand of the regional power grid and the estimated power supply demand of the period is within an allowable range, carrying out grid-connected power supply according to an original preliminary plan, and if the deviation between the power supply demand of the regional power grid and the estimated power supply demand of the period is beyond the allowable range, correcting the original preliminary plan, namely increasing or reducing the grid-connected power of the target photovoltaic power station, wherein the allowable range of the deviation is determined according to the allowable load of the power grid.
S500, intermittently correcting, namely repeating the step S300 and the step S400 for correction after the target photovoltaic power station operates for a period of time, wherein the intermittent correction is carried out at least once in each season.
And S600, fault feedback, wherein in the operation process of the target photovoltaic power station, if the deviation between the grid-connected electric quantity of the target photovoltaic power station and the estimated numerical value exceeds a preset range in a short period, an operation and maintenance person of the target photovoltaic power station is notified to check the target photovoltaic power station.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims (9)

1.一种用于光伏电站并网的电网规划方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：1. A grid planning method for photovoltaic power station grid connection, characterized in that it includes the following steps: S100、历史估算，将目标光伏电站所在的地区的光伏电站运行的历史数据与该地区的历史光照强度数据结合，生成光照强度与单位面积供电量的第一关系曲线；S100, historical estimation, combining historical data of photovoltaic power station operation in the area where the target photovoltaic power station is located with historical light intensity data of the area to generate a first relationship curve between light intensity and power supply per unit area; S200、初步规划，将待规划的目标光伏电站的规模数据、该地区的天气预报数据和所述第一关系曲线结合，估算出所述目标光伏电站的未来全天供电量分布，并按所述未来全天供电量分布结合该地区电网的全天供电需求，对所述目标光伏电站的供电进行初步规划，其中，所述目标光伏电站的规模数据包括目标光伏电站的装机容量，该地区的天气预报数据包括全天的光照强度分布；S200, preliminary planning, combining the scale data of the target photovoltaic power station to be planned, the weather forecast data of the region and the first relationship curve, estimating the future all-day power supply distribution of the target photovoltaic power station, and making preliminary planning for the power supply of the target photovoltaic power station according to the future all-day power supply distribution and the all-day power supply demand of the power grid in the region, wherein the scale data of the target photovoltaic power station includes the installed capacity of the target photovoltaic power station, and the weather forecast data of the region includes the all-day light intensity distribution; S300、实际测算，将目标光伏电站接入电网后，在预定时间段内，监测所述目标光伏电站所在地区的光照强度与目标光伏电站的实际供电量，生成针对所述目标光伏电站的光照强度与实际供电量的第二关系曲线；S300, actual measurement, after the target photovoltaic power station is connected to the power grid, monitoring the light intensity in the area where the target photovoltaic power station is located and the actual power supply of the target photovoltaic power station within a predetermined time period, and generating a second relationship curve between the light intensity and the actual power supply of the target photovoltaic power station; S400、再次规划，将该地区的天气预报数据和所述第二关系曲线结合，估算出所述目标光伏电站的未来全天供电量分布，并按所述未来全天供电量分布结合该地区电网的全天供电需求，对所述目标光伏电站的供电进行规划，其中，该地区的天气预报数据包括全天的光照强度分布。S400. Planning again, combining the weather forecast data of the area with the second relationship curve, estimating the future all-day power supply distribution of the target photovoltaic power station, and planning the power supply of the target photovoltaic power station according to the future all-day power supply distribution and the all-day power supply demand of the power grid in the area, wherein the weather forecast data of the area includes the all-day light intensity distribution. 2.如权利要求1所述的用于光伏电站并网的电网规划方法，其特征在于，步骤S100包括：2. The grid planning method for photovoltaic power station grid connection according to claim 1, wherein step S100 comprises: S110、获取该地区的光伏电站运行的历史数据和历史光照强度数据，其中，光伏电站运行的历史数据包括全天不同时间段内单位面积的平均供电量和平均电能转化率，历史光照强度数据包括全天不同时间段内的平均光照强度，其中，全天不同时间段内单位面积的平均供电量是指将全天分为多个时间段后每个时间段内单位时间供电量的平均值，全天不同时间段内的平均光照强度是指将全天分为多个时间段后每个时间段内单位时间光照强度的平均值；S110. Obtain historical operation data and historical light intensity data of the photovoltaic power station in the region, wherein the historical operation data of the photovoltaic power station includes the average power supply per unit area and the average electric energy conversion rate in different time periods throughout the day, and the historical light intensity data includes the average light intensity in different time periods throughout the day, wherein the average power supply per unit area in different time periods throughout the day refers to the average value of the power supply per unit time in each time period after the whole day is divided into multiple time periods, and the average light intensity in different time periods throughout the day refers to the average value of the light intensity per unit time in each time period after the whole day is divided into multiple time periods; S120、分别以供电量和光照强度为X轴和Y轴建立平面直角坐标系，将同一时段对应的平均供电量和平均光照强度作为一个点输入所述平面直角坐标系中，形成散点图；S120, establishing a plane rectangular coordinate system with power supply and light intensity as the X-axis and Y-axis respectively, and inputting the average power supply and average light intensity corresponding to the same time period into the plane rectangular coordinate system as a point to form a scatter plot; S130、在所述散点图上按疏密程度拟合出所述第一关系曲线。S130: Fitting the first relationship curve on the scatter plot according to the density. 3.如权利要求2所述的用于光伏电站并网的电网规划方法，其特征在于：该地区的区域按照电网管理区域划分或按照气候条件划分，如果该地区有运行光伏电站运行的历史数据、则采用该地区光伏电站运行的历史数据，如果该地区无运行光伏电站运行的历史数据、则采用与该地区邻近的地区的光伏电站运行的历史数据。3. The grid planning method for grid-connected photovoltaic power stations as described in claim 2 is characterized in that: the area of the region is divided according to the grid management area or according to the climatic conditions. If the region has historical data on the operation of the photovoltaic power station, the historical data on the operation of the photovoltaic power station in the region is used. If the region does not have historical data on the operation of the photovoltaic power station, the historical data on the operation of the photovoltaic power station in the area adjacent to the region is used. 4.如权利要求2所述的用于光伏电站并网的电网规划方法，其特征在于，步骤S200包括：4. The grid planning method for photovoltaic power station grid connection according to claim 2, wherein step S200 comprises: S210、获取待规划的目标光伏电站的规模数据，包括待规划的目标光伏电站的装机容量和理论电能转化率；S210, obtaining scale data of the target photovoltaic power station to be planned, including the installed capacity and theoretical electric energy conversion rate of the target photovoltaic power station to be planned; S220、利用待规划的目标光伏电站的理论电能转化率与该地区光伏电站运行的历史数据中的平均电能转化率的比值对所述第一关系曲线进行修正，形成修正后的第一关系曲线；S220, correcting the first relationship curve by using the ratio of the theoretical power conversion rate of the target photovoltaic power station to be planned to the average power conversion rate in the historical data of the photovoltaic power stations in the region, to form a corrected first relationship curve; S230、通过天气预报数据获得未来全天的光照强度分布，并将未来全天的光照强度分布导入修正后的第一关系曲线后，生成目标光伏电站的未来全天供电量分布，未来全天供电量分布即目标光伏电站的未来全天不同时段能够提供的最大供电量分布；S230, obtaining the future all-day light intensity distribution through weather forecast data, and importing the future all-day light intensity distribution into the corrected first relationship curve to generate the future all-day power supply distribution of the target photovoltaic power station, the future all-day power supply distribution is the maximum power supply distribution that can be provided by the target photovoltaic power station at different time periods in the future. S240、预估该地区电网的未来全天供电需求，根据该地区电网的未来全天供电需求，对目标光伏电站未来全天的并网电量进行初步计划，当未来某时段电网的供电需求大于等于目标光伏电站在该时段的供电量时、目标光伏电站满负荷供电，当未来某时段电网的供电需求小于目标光伏电站在该时段的供电量时、目标光伏电站按用电缺口部分供电；S240, estimating the future all-day power demand of the power grid in the region, and making a preliminary plan for the future all-day grid-connected power of the target photovoltaic power station based on the future all-day power demand of the power grid in the region. When the power demand of the power grid in a certain period in the future is greater than or equal to the power supply of the target photovoltaic power station in that period, the target photovoltaic power station supplies power at full load; when the power demand of the power grid in a certain period in the future is less than the power supply of the target photovoltaic power station in that period, the target photovoltaic power station supplies power according to the power gap; S250、该地区电网运行时，实时判断该地区电网的供电需求，如果该地区电网的供电需求与该时段预估供电需求之间的偏差在允许的范围内，则按原初步计划进行并网供电；如果该地区电网的供电需求与该时段预估供电需求之间的偏差超出允许的范围，则对原初步计划进行修正，即增加或减少目标光伏电站的并网电量；其中，偏差允许的范围根据电网的允许负荷确定。S250: When the power grid in the region is in operation, the power supply demand of the power grid in the region is determined in real time. If the deviation between the power supply demand of the power grid in the region and the estimated power supply demand in the period is within the allowable range, the grid-connected power supply is carried out according to the original preliminary plan. If the deviation between the power supply demand of the power grid in the region and the estimated power supply demand in the period exceeds the allowable range, the original preliminary plan is revised, that is, the grid-connected power of the target photovoltaic power station is increased or decreased. The allowable range of the deviation is determined according to the allowable load of the power grid. 5.如权利要求4所述的用于光伏电站并网的电网规划方法，其特征在于，步骤S220中，进行修正的步骤包括：对第一关系曲线的平均供电量上乘以所述比值。5. The grid planning method for photovoltaic power station grid connection according to claim 4, characterized in that in step S220, the step of correcting comprises: multiplying the average power supply of the first relationship curve by the ratio. 6.如权利要求1所述的用于光伏电站并网的电网规划方法，其特征在于，步骤S300包括：6. The grid planning method for photovoltaic power station grid connection according to claim 1, wherein step S300 comprises: S310、目标光伏电站接入电网后，通过监测获得多日的全天不同时间段内单位面积的平均实际供电量和所述目标光伏电站所在区域全天不同时间段内的平均实际光照强度，其中，全天不同时间段内单位面积的平均实际供电量是指将全天分为多个时间段后每个时间段内单位时间实际供电量的平均值，全天不同时间段内的平均实际光照强度是指将全天分为多个时间段后每个时间段内单位时间实际光照强度的平均值；S310. After the target photovoltaic power station is connected to the power grid, the average actual power supply per unit area in different time periods throughout the day and the average actual light intensity in different time periods throughout the day in the area where the target photovoltaic power station is located are obtained through monitoring for multiple days, wherein the average actual power supply per unit area in different time periods throughout the day refers to the average value of the actual power supply per unit time in each time period after the whole day is divided into multiple time periods, and the average actual light intensity in different time periods throughout the day refers to the average value of the actual light intensity per unit time in each time period after the whole day is divided into multiple time periods; S320、分别以实际供电量和实际光照强度为X轴和Y轴建立平面直角坐标系，以同一时段对应的平均实际供电量和平均实际光照强度作为一个点的坐标，将步骤S310中的多日数据全部生成点的坐标，并输入所述平面直角坐标系中，形成散点图；S320, establish a plane rectangular coordinate system with the actual power supply and the actual light intensity as the X-axis and the Y-axis respectively, take the average actual power supply and the average actual light intensity corresponding to the same time period as the coordinates of a point, generate the coordinates of all points of the multi-day data in step S310, and input them into the plane rectangular coordinate system to form a scatter plot; S330、在所述散点图上按疏密程度拟合出所述第二关系曲线。S330: Fitting the second relationship curve on the scatter plot according to the density. 7.如权利要求6所述的用于光伏电站并网的电网规划方法，其特征在于，步骤S400包括：7. The grid planning method for photovoltaic power station grid connection according to claim 6, wherein step S400 comprises: S410、通过天气预报数据获得未来全天的光照强度分布，并将未来全天的光照强度分布导入第二关系曲线后，生成目标光伏电站的未来全天供电量分布，未来全天供电量分布即目标光伏电站的未来全天不同时段能够提供的最大供电量分布；S410, obtaining the future all-day light intensity distribution through weather forecast data, and importing the future all-day light intensity distribution into the second relationship curve to generate the future all-day power supply distribution of the target photovoltaic power station, the future all-day power supply distribution is the maximum power supply distribution that can be provided by the target photovoltaic power station at different time periods in the future. S420、预估该地区电网的未来全天供电需求，根据该地区电网的未来全天供电需求，对目标光伏电站未来全天的并网电量进行初步计划，当未来某时段电网的供电需求大于等于目标光伏电站在该时段的供电量时、目标光伏电站满负荷供电，当未来某时段电网的供电需求小于目标光伏电站在该时段的供电量时、目标光伏电站按用电缺口部分供电；S420, estimating the future all-day power demand of the power grid in the region, and making a preliminary plan for the future all-day grid-connected power of the target photovoltaic power station based on the future all-day power demand of the power grid in the region. When the power demand of the power grid in a certain period in the future is greater than or equal to the power supply of the target photovoltaic power station in that period, the target photovoltaic power station supplies power at full load; when the power demand of the power grid in a certain period in the future is less than the power supply of the target photovoltaic power station in that period, the target photovoltaic power station supplies power according to the power gap; S430、该地区电网运行时，实时判断该地区电网的供电需求，如果该地区电网的供电需求与该时段预估供电需求之间的偏差在允许的范围内，则按原初步计划进行并网供电；如果该地区电网的供电需求与该时段预估供电需求之间的偏差超出允许的范围，则对原初步计划进行修正，即增加或减少目标光伏电站的并网电量；其中，偏差允许的范围根据电网的允许负荷确定。S430: When the power grid in the region is in operation, the power supply demand of the power grid in the region is determined in real time. If the deviation between the power supply demand of the power grid in the region and the estimated power supply demand in the period is within the allowable range, the grid-connected power supply is carried out according to the original preliminary plan. If the deviation between the power supply demand of the power grid in the region and the estimated power supply demand in the period exceeds the allowable range, the original preliminary plan is revised, that is, the grid-connected power of the target photovoltaic power station is increased or decreased. The allowable range of the deviation is determined according to the allowable load of the power grid. 8.如权利要求1所述的用于光伏电站并网的电网规划方法，其特征在于，所述用于光伏电站并网的电网规划方法还包括以下步骤：8. The grid planning method for photovoltaic power station grid connection according to claim 1, characterized in that the grid planning method for photovoltaic power station grid connection further comprises the following steps: S500、间歇性修正，在目标光伏电站运行一段时间后，重复步骤S300和步骤S400，进行修正；S500, intermittent correction, after the target photovoltaic power station has been running for a period of time, repeat steps S300 and S400 to perform correction; 间歇性修正至少在每个季节进行一次。Intermittent corrections are made at least once each season. 9.如权利要求1所述的用于光伏电站并网的电网规划方法，其特征在于，所述用于光伏电站并网的电网规划方法还包括以下步骤：9. The grid planning method for photovoltaic power station grid connection according to claim 1, characterized in that the grid planning method for photovoltaic power station grid connection further comprises the following steps: S600、故障反馈，在目标光伏电站运行过程中，若出现短期内目标光伏电站的并网电量与估算出的数值之间的偏差超过预设范围，则通知目标光伏电站的运维人员，对目标光伏电站进行检查。S600, fault feedback: during the operation of the target photovoltaic power station, if the deviation between the grid-connected power of the target photovoltaic power station and the estimated value exceeds a preset range in a short period of time, the operation and maintenance personnel of the target photovoltaic power station are notified to inspect the target photovoltaic power station.
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