CN115124231B - Air-clad anti-bending multi-core optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Air-clad anti-bending multi-core optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115124231B CN115124231B CN202210740476.3A CN202210740476A CN115124231B CN 115124231 B CN115124231 B CN 115124231B CN 202210740476 A CN202210740476 A CN 202210740476A CN 115124231 B CN115124231 B CN 115124231B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/01205—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments
- C03B37/01211—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments by inserting one or more rods or tubes into a tube
- C03B37/0122—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments by inserting one or more rods or tubes into a tube for making preforms of photonic crystal, microstructured or holey optical fibres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/01205—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments
- C03B37/01211—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments by inserting one or more rods or tubes into a tube
- C03B37/01222—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments by inserting one or more rods or tubes into a tube for making preforms of multiple core optical fibres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
- C03B37/027—Fibres composed of different sorts of glass, e.g. glass optical fibres
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Abstract
The invention discloses an air cladding anti-bending multi-core optical fiber which comprises a central fiber core, a plurality of layers of peripheral fiber cores which are arranged in a polygonal shape around the central fiber core and a common outer cladding for wrapping the fiber cores, wherein the fiber cores comprise a core layer, an inner cladding layer, a dip cladding layer and an air cladding layer positioned on the outermost layer, and the prepared air cladding multi-core optical fiber has excellent low inter-core crosstalk performance and bending resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of multi-core fiber manufacturing, in particular to an air cladding anti-bending multi-core fiber and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
Cloud computing, high-definition video, internet of things, 5G communication systems and other services are developed, global network traffic is increased rapidly, and capacity expansion of an optical communication network system faces a bottleneck. Limited by shannon's limit, traditional single mode fiber systems have communication capacities approaching the limit and medium capacities that are difficult to break through again in a short period of time. The technical scheme for improving the single-fiber capacity is acknowledged to focus on the space division multiplexing technology, and the multi-core optical fiber designed based on the concept of the space division multiplexing technology is applied in advance at present, so that great progress is made. Compared with single-core optical fibers, the multi-core optical fiber has the advantages of saving space and the like due to the high-density multi-channel structure, and the multiple-level transmission capacity increase is brought, so that a simple and effective capacity expansion method is provided for relieving the current optical communication network system, and the method is widely focused.
At present, the existing multi-core optical fiber is more in design and preparation methods. In the manufacturing method, it is often mentioned that the basic component is manufactured by using a grinding device, and finally, the basic component is manufactured by assembling and drawing, for example, patent CN112239325a designs a multi-core optical fiber manufacturing method, wherein the core is that different structural layers are firstly manufactured by using the grinding method, the steps are more complicated, and the requirement on the grinding device is high. The patent CN101625438A designs a large-effective-area bending insensitive single-mode fiber with a hole structure, and the core is that the bending loss of the single-mode fiber is further optimized by utilizing the hole structure, the hole structure is realized by adopting a machining method, the efficiency is low, and the defective rate is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide an air cladding anti-bending multi-core optical fiber and a manufacturing method thereof, which are suitable for manufacturing multi-core optical fibers with a large number of cores, and the manufactured air cladding multi-core optical fiber has excellent low inter-core crosstalk performance and bending resistance; the method for manufacturing the multi-core optical fiber is simple, practical and low in cost, and solves the problem that large-scale production is difficult to realize due to the fact that a large number of cores are needed.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the air-clad bending-resistant multi-core optical fiber comprises a central fiber core, a plurality of layers of peripheral fiber cores which are arranged in a polygonal shape around the central fiber core and a common outer cladding for wrapping the fiber cores, wherein the fiber cores comprise a core layer, an inner cladding layer, a dip cladding layer and an air cladding layer positioned on the outermost layer.
Further, the core layer, the inner cladding layer and the depressed cladding layer of the fiber core are all graded refractive index distribution, and form step refractive index distribution with the air cladding layer, and the inner cladding layer, the common outer cladding layer and the air cladding layer are made of the same material.
Further, the common outer cladding is made of pure quartz material.
Further, a method for manufacturing the air-clad bending-resistant multi-core optical fiber comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing a core rod with graded refractive index distribution, wherein the core rod comprises a core layer, an inner cladding layer and a depressed cladding layer;
secondly, preparing an air cladding;
thirdly, assembling the fiber core prefabricated member;
fourthly, preparing an outsourced quartz prefabricated member;
and fifthly, manufacturing a prefabricated rod assembly part and wire drawing.
Further, the relative refractive index difference n1-n2/n1 of the core rod is controlled within 1%, n1 is the refractive index of the core layer, n2 is the refractive index n2 of the depressed cladding layer, the bow degree per meter is smaller than 15 wires, the outer diameter d1 of the core rod is about 8-15mm according to the different number of designed fiber cores.
Further, the air cladding is drawn by adopting a quartz liner tube, the bow degree of the drawn capillary quartz tube is less than 15 wires per meter, the outer diameter d2 of the capillary quartz tube is 1-3mm, the inner diameter is 0.8-1.5mm according to design requirements, and the inner diameter wall thickness is 0.2-1.5mm.
Further, when the fiber core prefabricated member is assembled, the thin-wall quartz tubes are axially and equidistantly arranged around the core rod, and two ends of the thin-wall quartz tubes are heated and fixed around the core rod.
Further, the outer-cladding quartz prefabricated member is manufactured by adopting a punching method, one end of a cylindrical pure quartz rod is tapered, the other end is punched, the punched hole diameter corresponds to the fiber core size, the punched hole diameter d3 corresponds to the fiber core number one by one, the punched hole diameter d3 meets d3=d1+N×d2+ fault tolerance rate, d1 refers to the outer diameter of the core rod, N refers to the number of layers of the required air cladding, d2 refers to the outer diameter of the capillary quartz tube, the fault tolerance rate is that the fiber core prefabricated member needs to be inserted into the outer Bao Danying prefabricated member to be punched, the punched hole diameter of the outer-cladding quartz prefabricated member is necessarily larger than the d1+N×d2 value, and the cylindrical pure quartz rod size is 140-180mm.
Further, the fiber core prefabricated member is inserted into the outer wrapping quartz prefabricated member to form a complete prefabricated rod assembly, tetrafluoroethylene workpieces are used for assistance when the fiber core prefabricated member is inserted, a thin-wall quartz tube is inserted into a gap between the assembled core rod prefabricated member and the outer wrapping quartz prefabricated member again during assembly to form a multi-layer air cladding, and finally the complete prefabricated rod assembly is drawn to obtain the air cladding bending-resistant multi-core optical fiber.
Further, the core preform is surface-treated with 45% hydrofluoric acid after being assembled.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention is suitable for manufacturing multi-core optical fibers with more cores, and the prepared air cladding multi-core optical fiber has excellent low inter-core crosstalk performance and bending resistance. The method for manufacturing the multi-core optical fiber is simple, practical and low in cost, and solves the problem that large-scale production is difficult to realize due to the fact that more cores are needed.
2. The invention inserts the thin wall quartz tube again in the clearance between the assembled core rod prefabrication and the outsourcing quartz prefabrication to form a multi-layer air cladding, and finally, the complete prefabrication rod assembly is drawn to obtain the air cladding bending-resistant multi-core optical fiber. Based on the air cladding structure, the bending loss of the multi-core optical fiber during transmission is reduced. This is equivalent to adding a layer of protection, and light is more easily trapped in the core layer as it propagates.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an 8-core dual-air-clad fiber;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an assembled core preform;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an overcladded quartz preform.
In the figure: a core 1, core layers 101, an air cladding 102, and a common outer cladding 2.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an air-clad bending-resistant multi-core optical fiber includes a central core 1, a plurality of outer cores 1 arranged in a polygonal shape around the central core 1, and a common outer cladding 2 for wrapping the cores 1, the cores 1 including a core layer 101, an inner cladding, a depressed cladding, and an air cladding 102 at the outermost layer. The fiber core 1 can be arranged from inside to outside in a multi-layer manner when meeting the parameter requirements of attenuation, inter-core crosstalk and the like, and comprises a core layer, an inner cladding layer, a depressed cladding layer and an air cladding layer. The prepared air cladding multi-core optical fiber has excellent low inter-core crosstalk performance and bending resistance.
The core layer 101, the inner cladding layer and the depressed cladding layer of the fiber core 1 are all graded refractive index distribution, and form step refractive index distribution with the air cladding layer 102, the inner cladding layer, the common outer cladding layer and the air cladding layer 102 are made of the same materials, the refractive indexes of the inner cladding layer, the common outer cladding layer and the air cladding layer are kept consistent, light propagation in the optical fiber is ensured, if the optical fiber loss is increased due to the inconsistency, the inner cladding layer is positioned in the core rod, and the air cladding layer is formed after the thin-wall quartz tube is drawn.
The common outer cladding 2 is made of pure quartz material.
A method for making said air-clad bend-resistant multicore fiber, comprising the steps of:
firstly, preparing a core rod with graded refractive index distribution, wherein the core rod comprises a core layer 101, an inner cladding layer and a depressed cladding layer;
secondly, preparing an air cladding 102; the air cladding 102 is a thin-wall quartz tube with a single die core rod outer ring, if only one circle is enclosed, a subsequent first air cladding is formed after wire drawing, if two circles are enclosed, a first air cladding and a second air cladding are formed after wire drawing, and the like.
Thirdly, assembling the fiber core prefabricated member;
fourthly, preparing an outsourcing quartz prefabricated member, and punching holes on the common outer cladding 2 at positions corresponding to the fiber cores 1 one by one;
and fifthly, manufacturing a preform assembly and wire drawing, wherein the preform assembly comprises the fiber core preform and the outer wrapping quartz preform, and further comprises a thin-wall quartz tube inserted into a gap between the fiber core preform and the outer wrapping quartz preform if a plurality of air cladding layers are needed.
The graded-index distributed core rod of the multi-core optical fiber can be manufactured by adopting a conventional method, namely a VAD axial chemical vapor deposition method is adopted, and the method is the prior art and is not repeated herein. The core rod forms a core layer, an inner cladding layer and a sunken cladding layer after wiredrawing, the core rod is a part of a fiber core, the relative refractive index difference n1-n2/n1 of the core rod is controlled within 1%, n1 is the refractive index of the core layer 101, n2 is the refractive index n2 of the sunken cladding layer, the bow degree per meter is less than 15 wires, the outer diameter d1 of the core rod is about 8-15mm according to the different quantity of the fiber cores. Because the inner periphery and the outer periphery of the core rod are doped with different elements, a core layer with refractive index difference higher than that of pure quartz and a sinking cladding layer lower than that of the pure quartz are formed inside the core rod. The relative refractive index is a concept for expressing the difference of the high refractive index and the low refractive index inside the core rod, and the formula is n1-n2/n1. The bow per meter is a concept used to express the straightness of the core rod, and because the core rod is inserted into the perforated outer-coated quartz prefabricated member, the core rod cannot be inserted if the core rod is not straight enough, and the outer ring is not easy to operate when the thin-wall quartz tube is fixed on the outer ring.
The air cladding 102 is formed by drawing a thin-wall capillary quartz tube by a quartz liner tube, drawing the thin-wall capillary quartz tube by a quartz liner tube with the outer diameter of 60mm at high temperature precisely, drawing the thin-wall capillary quartz tube to form the air cladding, drawing the thin-wall capillary quartz tube into the prior art, and drawing the thin-wall capillary quartz tube without redundant description herein, wherein the bow degree of each meter of the drawn capillary quartz tube is less than 15 wires, the outer diameter d2 of the capillary quartz tube is about 1-3mm according to the different fiber core number and performance requirements of the designed multi-core optical fiber, the inner diameter is about 0.8-1.5mm according to the design requirements, and the inner diameter wall thickness is about 0.2-1.5mm. According to the number of cores of the designed multi-core optical fiber and the optical parameter requirements, thin-wall quartz tubes with different outer diameter sizes are selected, the thickness of the air cladding can be controlled, and the thickness of the air cladding and the air bubble quantity are determined according to the optical performance and the mechanical performance of the subsequent optical fiber.
When the fiber core prefabricated member is assembled, the thin-wall quartz tubes are axially and equidistantly arranged around the core rod, and two ends of the thin-wall quartz tubes are heated and fixed around the core rod to form the assembled fiber core prefabricated member. 26 thin-wall quartz tubes are selected and uniformly arranged around the single-die core rod along the axial direction, and two ends of the thin-wall quartz tubes are heated and fixed around the core rod to form an assembled fiber core prefabricated member. The center-to-center spacing between adjacent thin-wall quartz tubes is 1.3mm.
The method comprises the steps of adopting a punching method to prepare a cylindrical pure quartz rod, drawing one end of the cylindrical pure quartz rod, heating the cylindrical pure quartz rod, drawing the end part of the cylindrical pure quartz rod into a cone shape from the plane, punching from the other end of the cylindrical pure quartz rod, wherein the punching hole size corresponds to the fiber core size according to the unequal number of designed fiber cores, the punching hole size corresponds to the fiber core size one by one, the punching hole size d3 meets d3=d1+N x d2+ fault tolerance rate, d1 refers to the outer diameter of the core rod, N refers to the number of layers of a required air cladding, d2 refers to the outer diameter of a capillary quartz tube, the fault tolerance rate is that the fiber core prefabricated member needs to be inserted into an outer Bao Danying prefabricated member hole, the punching hole size of the cylindrical pure quartz prefabricated member is inevitably larger than the d1+N x d2 value, otherwise, the punching hole size of the cylindrical pure quartz rod is not inserted into the cylindrical pure quartz rod is determined according to the multi-core fiber performance after assembly and wire drawing, and the certain fault tolerance rate is determined according to the degree of the core rod and capillary bow per meter.
The fiber core prefabricated member is inserted into the outer wrapping quartz prefabricated member to form a complete prefabricated rod assembly, a tetrafluoroethylene machined part is used for assisting in inserting the fiber core prefabricated member, the machined part is sleeved on the outer wrapping quartz prefabricated member, stable entering of the fiber core prefabricated member is guaranteed, excessive friction with the punching inner wall of the outer wrapping quartz prefabricated member is avoided, a thin-wall quartz tube is inserted into a gap between an assembly core rod prefabricated member and the outer wrapping quartz prefabricated member again according to design requirements during assembly, a second-layer thin-wall capillary tube is formed after drawing, a second air cladding layer in FIG. 1 is formed, a multi-layer air cladding layer 102 is formed, meanwhile the thickness of the air cladding layer can be controlled, and finally the complete prefabricated rod assembly is drawn to obtain the air cladding anti-bending multi-core optical fiber. Based on the air cladding structure, the bending loss of the multi-core optical fiber during transmission is reduced. This is equivalent to adding a layer of protection, and light is more easily trapped in the core layer as it propagates. 26 thin-wall quartz tubes manufactured in the second step are equidistantly arranged on the outer side of the assembled mandrel prefabricated member, the center-to-center distance between adjacent thin-wall quartz tubes is 1.7mm, and finally the complete prefabricated member is formed. And finally, carrying out normal wire drawing coating on the complete prefabricated rod assembly to obtain the double-air cladding anti-bending 8-core optical fiber.
After the fiber core prefabricated member is assembled, surface treatment is carried out by using hydrofluoric acid with the mass concentration of 45%, and the fiber core prefabricated member is soaked in the hydrofluoric acid.
In describing the present invention, it should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "left", "right", "upper", "lower", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; the two components can be connected mechanically or electrically, can be connected directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated inside the two components. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Claims (7)
1. An air-clad bending-resistant multi-core optical fiber is characterized by comprising a central fiber core (1), a plurality of layers of peripheral fiber cores (1) which are arranged in a polygonal shape around the central fiber core (1) and a common outer cladding (2) for wrapping the fiber cores (1), wherein the fiber cores (1) comprise a core layer (101), an inner cladding layer, a depressed cladding layer and an air cladding layer (102) positioned at the outermost layer;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, preparing a core rod with graded refractive index distribution, wherein the core rod comprises a core layer (101), an inner cladding layer and a depressed cladding layer;
secondly, preparing an air cladding (102);
thirdly, assembling the fiber core prefabricated member;
fourthly, preparing an outsourced quartz prefabricated member;
fifthly, manufacturing a prefabricated rod assembly and drawing wires;
when the fiber core prefabricated member is assembled, the thin-wall quartz tubes are axially equidistantly arranged around the core rod, and two ends of the thin-wall quartz tubes are heated and fixed around the core rod;
the fiber core prefabricated member is inserted into the outer wrapping quartz prefabricated member to form a complete prefabricated rod assembly, the tetrafluoroethylene machined member is used for assistance when the fiber core prefabricated member is inserted, a thin-wall quartz tube is inserted into a gap between the assembled fiber core prefabricated member and the outer wrapping quartz prefabricated member again to form a multi-layer air cladding (102), and finally the complete prefabricated rod assembly is drawn to obtain the air cladding bending-resistant multi-core optical fiber.
2. An air-clad bending-resistant multi-core optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the core (101), inner cladding and depressed cladding of the core (1) are graded-index profiles, and form a step-index profile with the air cladding (102), and the inner cladding, common outer cladding and air cladding (102) are of the same material.
3. An air-clad bending-resistant multi-core optical fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the common outer cladding (2) is of pure quartz material.
4. An air-clad bending-resistant multi-core optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the relative refractive index difference (n 1-n 2)/n 1 of the core rod is controlled within 1%, n1 is the refractive index of the core layer (101), n2 is the refractive index (n 2) of the depressed cladding layer, the bow per meter is less than 15 filaments, and the outer diameter d1 of the core rod is 8-15mm according to the number of the designed cores.
5. An air-clad anti-bending multi-core optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the air cladding (102) is drawn by a thin-wall quartz tube, the bow degree of the drawn quartz tube is less than 15 wires per meter, the outer diameter d2 of the quartz tube is 1-3mm, the inner diameter is 0.8-1.5mm according to design requirements, and the inner diameter wall thickness is 0.2-1.5mm.
6. The air-clad bending-resistant multi-core optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the outer-cladding quartz preform is manufactured by a punching method, one end of a cylindrical pure quartz rod is tapered, the other end is punched, the size of the punched hole corresponds to the size of the fiber core, the number of punched holes corresponds to the number of fiber cores one by one, the size of the punched hole d3 meets d3=d1+n×d2+ fault tolerance, d1 refers to the outer diameter of the core rod, N refers to the number of layers of the required air cladding, d2 refers to the outer diameter of a capillary quartz tube, and the fault tolerance is that the size of the punched hole of the outer-cladding quartz preform is necessarily larger than the d1+n×d2 value because the fiber core preform needs to be inserted into the punched hole of the outer Bao Danying preform, and the size of the cylindrical pure quartz rod is 140-180mm.
7. An air-clad bend-resistant multicore optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the core preform is surface treated with 45% hydrofluoric acid by mass concentration after completion of the assembly.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210740476.3A CN115124231B (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Air-clad anti-bending multi-core optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN202210740476.3A CN115124231B (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Air-clad anti-bending multi-core optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN115124231B true CN115124231B (en) | 2023-11-24 |
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| CN116594100B (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2023-10-20 | 江苏永鼎股份有限公司 | Bending insensitive optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
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