CN115292000A - A method, device and electronic device for dynamic migration of virtual machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A method, device, and electronic device for virtual machine dynamic migration, the method includes: determining the type of a virtual machine to be migrated on a source host, and in response to the type being consistent with a preset type, converting data corresponding to a qualified interrupt controller The structure is stored, the data structure is added to the migration and transmission data of the virtual machine to be migrated, and the virtual machine to be migrated is migrated from the source host to the target host based on the migration and transmission data. Through the above method, the migration and transmission data is migrated from the source host to the target host, thereby realizing the migration of the virtual machine based on hardware transparent transmission. After the migration and transmission data is transmitted to the target host, the virtual machine can be resumed on the target host.

Description

Method, device and electronic equipment for dynamic migration of virtual machine

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of cloud computing virtualization, and in particular to a method, device and electronic equipment for dynamic migration of a virtual machine.

Background technique

With the development of cloud computing virtualization technology, the dynamic migration of virtual machines is the process of moving a virtual machine system from one physical host to another while ensuring the normal operation of virtual machine services. Cause obvious impact, so that the administrator can perform offline maintenance or upgrade on the physical host without affecting the normal use of users.

In order to ensure that the virtual machine service is available during the migration process, the migration process only occupies a very short downtime. Live migration actually encapsulates the configuration of the virtual machine in a file, and then transfers the virtual machine configuration and memory running status from The source host is quickly transferred to the destination host, so that the source host transfers the control right to the destination host, and the virtual machine system continues to run on the destination host, thereby realizing the dynamic migration of the virtual machine.

At present, the dynamic migration of virtual machines is implemented based on software, and there is a lack of migration technology for hardware transparent transmission of virtual machines.

Contents of the invention

The present application provides a method, device and electronic equipment for dynamic migration of a virtual machine, which realize dynamic migration of a virtual machine based on hardware.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for live migration of a virtual machine, the method comprising:

Determine the type of the virtual machine to be migrated on the source host;

In response to the type being consistent with the preset type, storing the data structure corresponding to the qualified interrupt controller;

adding the data structure to the migration transmission data of the virtual machine to be migrated;

The virtual machine to be migrated is migrated from a source host to a target host based on the migration transmission data.

Through the above method, after classifying the type of the virtual machine on the source host, by storing the migration transmission data including the data structure, the virtual machine can be migrated from the source host to the target host, and the target host can also be restored. Host registers.

In a possible design, in response to the type being consistent with a preset type, it includes:

matching the type of the virtual machine to be migrated with each preset type in the preset type set;

When a preset type consistent with the type is matched, it is responded that the type is consistent with the preset type.

Through the above method, the type of the virtual machine to be migrated is matched with each preset type of the virtual machine, and when the virtual machine to be migrated is matched with a virtual machine of the preset type, it is determined that the virtual machine to be migrated conforms to the preset type Virtual machine, so as to realize the filtering of virtual machines based on the type of the virtual machine.

In a possible design, the data structure corresponding to the qualified interrupt controller is stored, including:

Extracting the interrupt controller of the type, and extracting the register type of the register in the interrupt controller and the data corresponding to the register;

Associating the register type with the data, generating a data structure, and storing the data structure.

Through the above method, determine the type of interrupt controller, and extract the type and data of the register in the interrupt controller, and associate the type and data to generate a data structure, and store the data structure to ensure In order to be able to restore the virtual machine.

In a possible design, after migrating the virtual machine to be migrated from the source host to the target host based on the migration transmission data, the steps include:

controlling the CPU on the target host to start and recover the virtual machine of the interrupt controller of the type;

Extracting a preset register in the type of interrupt controller, and reading the preset register;

Inputting the register data into the preset register realizes the injection of the register data.

Through the above method, the server controls the target host to start and restore the virtual machine corresponding to the interrupt controller, and inputs the register data into the register in the interrupt controller to realize the injection of the terminal program.

In a second aspect, the present application provides an apparatus for live migration of a virtual machine, the apparatus comprising:

A determining module, configured to determine the type of the virtual machine to be migrated on the source host;

a storage module, configured to store the data structure corresponding to the qualified interrupt controller in response to the type being consistent with the preset type;

A matching module, configured to add the data structure to the migration transmission data of the virtual machine to be migrated;

A migration module, configured to migrate the virtual machine to be migrated from the source host to the target host based on the migration transfer data.

In a possible design, the storage module is specifically configured to match the type of the virtual machine to be migrated with each preset type in the preset type set, and when a preset type consistent with the type is matched , responding that the type is consistent with the preset type.

In a possible design, the storage module is further configured to extract the type of interrupt controller, and extract the register type of the register in the interrupt controller and the data corresponding to the register, and store the The register type is associated with the data, a data structure is generated, and the data structure is stored.

In a possible design, the migration module is specifically configured to control the CPU on the target host to start and resume the virtual machine of the type of interrupt controller, and extract the preset Setting a register, reading the preset register, inputting the register data into the preset register, and realizing the injection of the register data.

In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, including:

memory for storing computer programs;

The processor is configured to implement the above-mentioned method steps for live migration of a virtual machine when executing the computer program stored in the memory.

In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned method steps for dynamic migration of a virtual machine are implemented.

For the various aspects and possible technical effects of the above-mentioned first to fourth aspects, please refer to the above description of the technical effects that can be achieved by the first aspect or various possible solutions in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the flowchart of the method step of a kind of virtual machine dynamic migration provided by the present application;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the physical lapic dynamic migration source host provided by this application;

Fig. 3 is the flowchart of the physical lapic dynamic migration target host provided by the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a virtual machine dynamic migration device provided by the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by the present application.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The specific operation methods in the method embodiments can also be applied to the device embodiments or system embodiments. It should be noted that in the description of the present application, "plurality" is understood as "at least two". "And/or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there may be three types of relationships, for example, A and/or B may indicate: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists independently. The connection between A and B can mean: A and B are directly connected and A and B are connected through C. In addition, in the description of the present application, words such as "first" and "second" are only used for the purpose of distinguishing descriptions, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying order.

At present, in order to realize the dynamic migration of the virtual machine, the method is based on software and apic simulation. On the high-performance virtual machine with "lapic" transparent transmission, the virtual machine directly uses the physical lapic, because the state of the physical lapic is in the physical register , while the software-based and lapic simulations are implemented on the basis of software, therefore, there is a lack of a method for dynamic migration of virtual machines with hardware transparent transmission.

In order to solve the problems described above, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for live migration of a virtual machine, which is used for live migration of a virtual machine based on hardware transparent transmission. Wherein, the method and the device described in the embodiment of the present application are based on the same technical concept. Since the principles of the problems solved by the method and the device are similar, the embodiments of the device and the method can be referred to each other, and the repetition will not be repeated.

The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1, the present application provides a method for dynamic migration of a virtual machine, which can realize dynamic migration of a virtual machine based on hardware transparent transmission. The implementation process of the method is as follows:

Step S1: Determine the type of the virtual machine to be migrated on the source host.

Since the embodiment of the present application is to realize the dynamic migration of the virtual machine based on hardware transparent transmission, in order to realize the dynamic migration of the above-mentioned virtual machine, first, it is necessary to determine the type of the source host of the virtual machine to be migrated on the source host, and the host to be migrated In the embodiment of this application, the type of virtual machine that can add "lapic" transparent transmission can be added. In the embodiment of this application, the virtual machine to be migrated is a virtual machine that can perform transparent transmission. What needs to be added is that the lapic in this application document for the interrupt controller.

Step S2: In response to the type being consistent with the preset type, store the data structure corresponding to the qualified interrupt controller.

The type of the virtual machine to be migrated has been determined above. In order to ensure that the virtual machine to be migrated is a specified type of virtual machine, it is necessary to match the type of the virtual machine to be migrated with each preset type in the preset type set. If the type matches If a consistent preset type is found, it means that the type is in the preset type; if the type does not match a consistent preset type, it means that the type is not in the preset type.

When the type is consistent with the preset type, the interrupt controller corresponding to the type will be determined. Each interrupt controller has a register, which is used for reading and/or writing, and then extracted from the interrupt controller. The register type of the register and the data corresponding to the register. The type of the register can be: TPR, APR, PPR, RRD, LDR, DFR, ICR, IRR, ISR, TMR, LVTT, etc. The register type can also be other types. I won't elaborate too much here.

After obtaining the register type and the data corresponding to the register, associate the type and data, generate a data structure, and store the data structure. It should be noted that the data structure can be added when calling kvm_vcpu_ioctl and KVM_GET_LAPIC In the aforementioned calling program, and in the kvm_apic_get_state function, the implementation of saving the physical lapic data structure is added, mainly to save all readable physical lapic registers.

Step S3: adding the data structure to the migration transmission data of the virtual machine to be migrated;

The above describes the storage of the data structure. During the migration process of the virtual machine, KVM and QEMU are combined to realize the migration of the virtual machine. QEMU is an open source simulator and a virtual machine supervisor. QEMU can be used as a user mode simulator, using Dynamic code translation mechanism to execute code different from the host architecture, QEMU can also be used as a virtual machine supervisor, simulate the whole system, use other VMMs (Xen, KVM, etc) to use the virtualization support provided by the hardware, and create performance close to the host Each virtual machine corresponds to a QEMU process in the host (host), and the vcpu of the virtual machine corresponds to a thread of the QEMU process, and the vcpu is the cpu of the virtual machine.

After the data structure is stored, the data structure is added to the migration transmission data of the virtual machine to be migrated, and the saved physical lapic data structure is added when the destination end calls kvm_vcpu_ioctl or KVM_SET_LAPIC.

Based on the above description, the data structure is stored in the migration transmission data. Since the migration transmission data is stored in the KVM, the preservation and restoration of the physical lapic state can be realized.

Step S4: Migrate the virtual machine to be migrated from the source host to the target host based on the migration transfer data.

The above description adds the data structure to the migration transmission data of the virtual machine to be migrated. When the source host performs dynamic migration of the virtual machine to the target host, the server controls the source host to migrate the migration transmission data to the target host, thereby realizing hardware-based transparent transmission. Live migration of virtual machines.

After the target host receives the migration and transmission data, the target host will start and restore the virtual machine corresponding to the above-mentioned type of interrupt controller, or start a new transparent lapic virtual machine according to the qemu xml configuration, and restore the physical lapic.

In order to realize the injection of register data in the register, the target host will close the corresponding CPU interrupt under the host, and restore the physical lapic common register, then read the irr/isr register, re-inject the corresponding interrupt into the register according to the interrupt number, and finally, the server will Control the target host to resume virtual machine operation.

Specifically, the flowchart of physical lapic dynamic migration source host is shown in Figure 2. In Figure 2, there are QEMU and KVM in the source host, QEMU is a hardware virtualization program, calling the function kvm_get_apic to call kvm_vcpu_ioctl or KVM_GET_LAPIC, because the source host is When migrating a dynamic virtual machine, the guest exists on the virtual machine, and the host exists on the host. In the process of migrating the virtual machine, it is necessary to ensure that the host is interrupted and closed, and the specified cpu exits to the host, and then the lapic state is obtained through the program kvm_vcpu_ioctl_get_lapic, including All readable registers of the physical lapic, get the physical lapic state through bm_apic_get_state, save only non-Reserved registers, and then save the obtained lapic state through the program kvm_apic_get_state, including the physical lapic state, and then migrate the saved lapic state to the target host, so that Enables the migration of virtual machines from the source host.

After the source host sends the virtual machine to the target host, the flow chart of physical lapic dynamic migration to the target host is shown in Figure 3. In Figure 3, after the QEMU of the target host receives the lapic state data sent by the source host, the program kvm_put_apic_state will read Saved lapic state information, including physical lapic, and then based on the program kvm_apic_put and program kvm_vcpu_ioctl or KVM_SET_LAPIC when the host interrupt is turned off, read the lapic state, including the physical lapic register to kvm, and set the physical lapic state through the program bm_apic_set_state, for some The readable and writable registers are directly written into kvm. Since the interrupt request register and the interrupt processing register are read-only registers, it is necessary to re-inject the corresponding interrupt in the interrupt request register and the interrupt processing register. The injection of the corresponding interrupt in the register has been described above. , after the program injection interrupt in the register, return to QEMU, and complete the subsequent migration and recovery process. After the migration and recovery process on the target host stays overnight, start the specified cpu, and finally re-enter the guest in KVM through the program kvm_vcpu_ioctl and KVM_RUN, physical lapic Resume running, so as to realize the purpose of migrating the virtual machine from the source host to the target host and resuming the running of the migrated virtual machine on the target host.

Based on the above method, the data structure is stored based on the type of the virtual machine to be migrated, and the data structure is added to the migration transmission data, and the hardware-based transparent transmission is realized by sending the migration transmission data from the source host to the target host Live migration of virtual machines.

Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application also provides a device for dynamic migration of a virtual machine, the device for dynamic migration of a virtual machine is used to realize the function of a method for dynamic migration of a virtual machine, referring to Figure 4, the Devices include:

A determining module 401, configured to determine the type of the virtual machine to be migrated on the source host;

The storage module 402 is configured to store the data structure corresponding to the qualified interrupt controller in response to the type being consistent with the preset type;

A matching module 403, configured to add the data structure to the migration transmission data of the virtual machine to be migrated;

The migration module 404 is configured to migrate the virtual machine to be migrated from the source host to the target host based on the migration transfer data.

In a possible design, the storage module 402 is specifically configured to match the type of the virtual machine to be migrated with each preset type in the preset type set, and when the preset When the type is selected, the response is that the type is consistent with the preset type.

In a possible design, the storage module 402 is further configured to extract the type of interrupt controller, and extract the register type of the register in the interrupt controller and the data corresponding to the register, and store the The register type is associated with the data, a data structure is generated, and the data structure is stored.

In a possible design, the migration module 404 is specifically configured to control the CPU on the target host to start and restore the virtual machine of the type of interrupt controller, and extract the The preset register is read, and the register data is input into the preset register to realize the injection of the register data.

Based on the same inventive concept, an electronic device is also provided in the embodiment of the present application, and the electronic device can realize the function of the aforementioned virtual machine dynamic migration device. Referring to FIG. 5, the electronic device includes:

At least one processor 501, and a memory 502 connected to at least one processor 501. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific connection medium between the processor 501 and the memory 502. In FIG. 5, the connection between the processor 501 and the memory 502 Take the connection through the bus 500 as an example. The bus 500 is represented by a thick line in FIG. 5 , and the connection manners between other components are only for schematic illustration and are not limited thereto. The bus 500 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, only one thick line is used in FIG. 5 , but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus. Alternatively, the processor 501 may also be called a controller, and the name is not limited.

In this embodiment of the present application, the memory 502 stores instructions that can be executed by at least one processor 501, and at least one processor 501 executes the instructions stored in the memory 502 to execute a method for live migration of a virtual machine discussed above. The processor 501 may implement functions of various modules in the apparatus shown in FIG. 4 .

Wherein, the processor 501 is the control center of the device, and various interfaces and lines can be used to connect various parts of the entire control device, and by running or executing instructions stored in the memory 502 and calling data stored in the memory 502, the Various functions and processing data of the device, so as to monitor the device as a whole.

In a possible design, the processor 501 may include one or more processing units, and the processor 501 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly processes the operating system, user interface and application programs etc., the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication. It can be understood that the foregoing modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 501 . In some embodiments, the processor 501 and the memory 502 can be implemented on the same chip, and in some embodiments, they can also be implemented on independent chips.

The processor 501 may be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component. Realize or execute the various methods, steps and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor or the like. The steps of a method for live migration of a virtual machine disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly executed by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

The memory 502, as a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer-executable programs and modules. The memory 502 may include at least one type of storage medium, such as flash memory, hard disk, multimedia card, card-type memory, random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), static random access memory (Static Random Access Memory, SRAM), Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Magnetic Memory, Disk, discs and more. Memory 502 is, but is not limited to, any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer. The memory 502 in the embodiment of the present application may also be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing a storage function, and is used for storing program instructions and/or data.

By designing and programming the processor 501, the code corresponding to a virtual machine dynamic migration method introduced in the foregoing embodiments can be solidified into the chip, so that the chip can execute the implementation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 during operation. A step of live migration of a virtual machine. How to design and program the processor 501 is well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here.

Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides a storage medium, the storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are run on the computer, the computer executes the virtual machine live migration method discussed above.

In some possible implementations, various aspects of the method for dynamic migration of a virtual machine provided by the present application may also be implemented in the form of a program product, which includes program code. When the program product runs on the device, the program code uses The control device executes the steps in a method for live migration of a virtual machine according to various exemplary embodiments of the present application described above in this specification.

Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to the present application. It should be understood that each procedure and/or block in the flowchart and/or block diagram, and a combination of procedures and/or blocks in the flowchart and/or block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or processor of other programmable data processing equipment to produce a machine such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing equipment produce a An apparatus for realizing the functions specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions The device realizes the function specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.

These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, causing a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby The instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flow chart or blocks of the flowchart and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. In this way, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (10)

1. A method for dynamically migrating a virtual machine, comprising:

determining the type of a virtual machine to be migrated on a source host;

responding to the consistency of the type and the preset type, and storing the data structure corresponding to the interrupt controller meeting the conditions;

adding the data structure to migration transmission data of the virtual machine to be migrated;

and migrating the virtual machine to be migrated from the source host to the target host based on the migration transmission data.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein in response to the type being consistent with a preset type, comprising:

matching the type of the virtual machine to be migrated with each preset type in a preset type set;

and when a preset type consistent with the type is matched, responding to the fact that the type is consistent with the preset type.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein storing a data structure corresponding to a qualified interrupt controller comprises:

extracting the interrupt controller of the type, and extracting the register type of a register in the interrupt controller and data corresponding to the register;

and associating the register type with the data to generate a data structure, and storing the data structure.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein after migrating the virtual machine to be migrated from a source host to a target host based on the migration transfer data, comprising:

controlling a CPU on the target host to start and recover the virtual machine of the interrupt controller of the type;

extracting a preset register in the interrupt controller of the type, and reading the preset register;

and inputting the register data into a preset register to realize the injection of the register data.

5. An apparatus for dynamic migration of virtual machines, the apparatus comprising:

the determining module is used for determining the type of the virtual machine to be migrated on the source host;

the storage module is used for responding to the consistency of the type and the preset type and storing the data structure corresponding to the interrupt controller which meets the conditions;

the matching module is used for adding the data structure into the migration transmission data of the virtual machine to be migrated;

and the migration module is used for migrating the virtual machine to be migrated from the source host to the target host based on the migration transmission data.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the storage module is specifically configured to match the type of the virtual machine to be migrated with each preset type in a preset type set, and when a preset type that is consistent with the type is matched, respond that the type is consistent with the preset type.

7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the storage module is further configured to extract the type of the interrupt controller, extract a register type of a register in the interrupt controller and data corresponding to the register, associate the register type with the data, generate a data structure, and store the data structure.

8. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the migration module is specifically configured to control a CPU on the target host to start and resume the virtual machine of the type of interrupt controller, extract a preset register in the type of interrupt controller, read the preset register, and input the register data into the preset register, thereby implementing the injection of the register data.

9. An electronic device, comprising:

a memory for storing a computer program;

a processor for implementing the method steps of any one of claims 1-4 when executing the computer program stored on the memory.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method steps of any one of claims 1-4.

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