CN115772427A - Coal supercritical water gasification system for realizing hydrogen-heat cogeneration - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal supercritical water gasification system realizing hydrogen-heat cogeneration. The product inlet of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor is connected to the storage tank through the supercritical water gasification reactor; the oxidant of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor The inlet is connected to the oxidant storage tank; the coil outlet of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor is connected to the residue inlet of the residue waste heat device through the auxiliary heating system and the supercritical water gasification reactor; the product outlet of the oxidation exothermic reactor passes through the heat absorber, The residual heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the heat preservation water tank and the gas-liquid separator are connected to the inlet of the water tank, and the outlet of the water tank is connected to the oxidation exothermic reactor through the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger in turn coil inlet. The invention enables the utilization of the supercritical fluid and the residue after the gasification reaction, and realizes the coupling of coal supercritical water gasification hydrogen production and heat supply projects.

Description

A Coal Supercritical Water Gasification System Realizing Cogeneration of Hydrogen and Heat

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of coal supercritical water gasification, and in particular relates to a coal supercritical water gasification system for realizing hydrogen-heat cogeneration.

Background technique

At present, the main way of coal utilization is direct combustion for thermal power generation. The annual coal consumption of thermal power generation has exceeded 800 million tons. Coal combustion releases heat energy and produces SO _x , NO _x and other air pollutants and soot. SO _x and NO _x discharged into the atmosphere combine with water vapor to form acid rain, causing losses in agriculture, forestry, and aquaculture and corrosion of buildings; dust after coal combustion is discharged into the atmosphere through chimneys, forming fine particles, which is urban fog The main reason for the frequent occurrence of haze is that haze not only affects urban air quality and visibility, but also endangers the health of the population. Therefore, how to rationally utilize coal resources and develop advanced clean and efficient coal conversion technologies is of great significance to the development of the energy field.

Supercritical water refers to water in a special state whose temperature and pressure are higher than its critical point (T=374.15°C, P=22.12MPa). It has the properties of both liquid and gaseous water. In this state, only a small amount of hydrogen bonds exist. The dielectric constant is similar to that of non-polar organic solvents. It has a high diffusion coefficient and low viscosity. Supercritical water gasification technology is a new type of gasification technology developed in recent years. Using this technology to treat coal has the advantages of high gasification rate, high hydrogen content in gas products, and fast reaction rate, and the N, S, The ash is mainly discharged from the gasifier in the form of sediment, and there are no _NOx , _SOx and soot in the gas products, which greatly reduces the pollution and damage to the environment. Oxygen, hydrogen and other gases can be mixed with supercritical water in any proportion to form a single phase. In supercritical water, the hydrogen oxidation reaction is mild and controllable. The high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical fluid after supercritical water gasification can be used to heat and produce hot water required by users after hydrogen oxidation reaction.

In addition, in the existing coal supercritical water gasification technology, the residue after supercritical water gasification usually still has a high calorific value, but it cannot be reasonably utilized.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a coal supercritical water gasification system that realizes cogeneration of hydrogen and heat in order to solve the pollution of coal to the environment and the inability to effectively utilize the calorific value of residue To solve the technical problems, realize the clean utilization of coal and the output of hydrogen energy and heat energy, reduce environmental pollution, and enhance the utilization of residues after coal supercritical water gasification, thereby improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of the system.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A coal supercritical water gasification system for hydrogen heat cogeneration, including a hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor, the product inlet of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor is connected to the storage tank through the supercritical water gasification reactor; the hydrogen oxidation exothermic The oxidant inlet of the reactor is connected to the oxidant storage tank; the coil outlet of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor is connected to the residue inlet of the residue waste heat device through the auxiliary heating system and the supercritical water gasification reactor; the product outlet of the oxidation exothermic reactor is sequentially passed through The heat absorber, residue heat exchanger, first heat exchanger, second heat exchanger, heat preservation water tank and gas-liquid separator are connected to the inlet of the water tank, and the outlet of the water tank is connected to the oxidation tank through the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger in turn. Coil inlet to exothermic reactor.

Specifically, a serpentine coil structure is arranged in the exothermic hydrogen oxidation reactor.

Specifically, the product inlet, the oxidant inlet and the coil outlet are on the same side of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor, and the product outlet and the coil inlet are arranged on the other side of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor.

Further, outside the coil is a hydrogen oxidation exothermic reaction zone.

Specifically, the residue waste heat device includes an inner layer and an outer layer. The supercritical fluid discharged from the heat absorber enters the inner layer, and the high-temperature residue discharged from the supercritical water gasification reactor enters the outer layer. The supercritical fluid is discharged after being heated by the high-temperature residue. The residue is discharged after absorbing heat.

Specifically, a mud pump is arranged between the supercritical water gasification reactor and the storage tank.

Specifically, a second high-pressure plunger pump is provided between the oxidant storage tank and the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor.

Specifically, the water supply inlet of the heat absorber communicates with the water supply outlet of the thermal insulation tank.

Specifically, a first high-pressure plunger pump is provided between the water tank and the second regenerator.

Specifically, the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor and the supercritical water gasification reactor are respectively provided with an overpressure protection device and a temperature measuring thermocouple.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

A coal supercritical water gasification system that realizes combined hydrogen and heat production. The water in the water tank is pressurized and heated and sent to the coil in the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor. In the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor, it enters the The supercritical water in the coil is further raised to 650-720°C; the heated and high-temperature supercritical water enters the supercritical water reactor from the bottom, and undergoes supercritical water gasification reaction with coal particles; the gas products generated by supercritical water gasification and The supercritical water goes out from the top of the reactor and enters the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor, and the hydrogen in the gas product undergoes partial oxidation reaction with the oxidant to release heat, which makes the supercritical water in the coil heat up; after the reaction in the supercritical water gasification reactor The high-temperature residue is discharged into the residue waste heat device for heat recovery; the high-temperature supercritical fluid from the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor enters the heat recovery device to produce hot water required by users, and the fluid output from the heat recovery device is reheated by the residue waste heat device After the heat is recovered by the heat exchanger and the heat preservation water tank, the gas-liquid separation is carried out after cooling, and the hydrogen-rich gas product can be obtained. This method makes use of the supercritical fluid and residue after the gasification reaction, realizes the coupling of coal supercritical water gasification hydrogen production and heat supply projects, and is an economical, effective and reasonable coal conversion method.

Further, a serpentine coil structure is arranged inside the exothermic hydrogen oxidation reactor, which can enhance the heat exchange effect between the supercritical water inside the tube and the supercritical fluid outside the tube.

Further, the product inlet, the oxidant inlet and the coil outlet are on the same side of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor, and the product outlet and the coil inlet are arranged on the other side of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor, so that the supercritical water in the coil and the tube The outer supercritical fluid is used for countercurrent heat exchange, which enhances the heat exchange effect.

Further, the residue waste heat device includes an inner layer and an outer layer. The supercritical fluid discharged from the heat absorber enters the inner layer, and the high-temperature residue discharged from the supercritical water gasification reactor enters the outer layer, and the supercritical fluid with higher pressure selectively flows through The inner layer of the residual heat recovery device is beneficial to reduce the use of materials for the residual heat recovery device, and at the same time reduce the heat loss of the supercritical fluid.

Further, a mud pump is provided between the critical water gasification reactor and the storage tank for transporting the coal slurry in the storage tank.

Further, a second high-pressure plunger pump is provided between the oxidant storage tank and the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor for delivery of oxidant.

Further, the water supply inlet of the heat absorber communicates with the water supply outlet of the thermal insulation water tank, and the thermal insulation water tank provides warm water for the heat absorber to further heat and produce hot water required by users.

Further, the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor and the supercritical water gasification reactor are respectively equipped with an overpressure protection device and a temperature measuring thermocouple, which effectively improves the overall safety of the system and enhances the control of the operating temperature of the system by the operators.

In summary, the present invention combines the coal supercritical water gasification system with the partial hydrogen oxidation exothermic reaction system, utilizes the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reaction to provide the required heat for coal supercritical gasification, and the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reaction The final high-temperature supercritical fluid is used for heating. In addition, the high-temperature residue after supercritical water gasification is also effectively utilized, realizing the coupling of coal supercritical water gasification hydrogen production and heating system.

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the coal supercritical water gasification system for realizing hydrogen heat cogeneration in the present invention.

Among them: 1. Water tank; 2. The first high-pressure plunger pump; 3. The second regenerator; 4. The first regenerator; 5. Auxiliary heating system; 6. Hydrogen exothermic reactor; 7. Supercritical Water gasification reactor; 8. Residue waste heat device; 9. Heat absorber; 10. Insulated water tank; 11. Gas-liquid separator; 12. Storage tank; 13. Mud pump; 14. Oxidant storage tank; 15. Second Two high-pressure plunger pumps.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "side", "end", "side" etc. is based on the Orientation or positional relationship is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.

It should be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "comprises" indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and/or components, but do not exclude one or Presence or addition of multiple other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and/or collections thereof.

It should also be understood that the terminology used in the description of the present invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

It should also be further understood that the term "and/or" used in the description of the present invention and the appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations .

Various structural schematic diagrams according to the disclosed embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The figures are not drawn to scale, with certain details exaggerated and possibly omitted for clarity of presentation. The shapes of various regions and layers shown in the figure and their relative sizes and positional relationships are only exemplary, and may deviate due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations in practice, and those skilled in the art may Regions/layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions can be additionally designed as needed.

The invention provides a coal supercritical water gasification system for realizing hydrogen-heat cogeneration, which utilizes the hydrogen-rich gas product after the supercritical gasification reaction of coal to react the supercritical water gasification of coal with the exothermic reaction of partial hydrogen oxidation Coupled, the exothermic reaction of hydrogen oxidation is used to provide heat for the operation of the entire system; the high-temperature supercritical fluid output after the exothermic reaction of partial hydrogen oxidation is used for heat supply, and the required hydrogen can be obtained by separating the final gas product. The present invention is coal The transformation provides an efficient and clean utilization route.

Please refer to Fig. 1, a kind of coal supercritical water gasification system of the present invention realizes hydrogen heat cogeneration, comprises water tank 1, first high-pressure plunger pump 2, second regenerator 3, first regenerator 4, auxiliary Heating system 5, hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor 6, supercritical water gasification reactor 7, residue waste heat device 8, heat absorber 9, heat preservation water tank 10, gas-liquid separator 11, storage tank 12, mud pump 13, Oxidant storage tank 14 and second high-pressure plunger pump 15.

The outlet of the storage tank 12 is communicated with the coal slurry inlet of the supercritical water gasification reactor 7 through the mud pump 13, and the product outlet of the supercritical water gasification reactor 7 is communicated with the product inlet of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor 6; The coil outlet of the oxidation exothermic reactor 6 communicates with the supercritical water inlet of the supercritical water gasification reactor 7 through the auxiliary heating system 5, the supercritical water inlet is located at the bottom of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor 6, and the product outlet is located at the hydrogen At the top of the oxidation exothermic reactor 6, the coal slurry inlet is located on the upper side of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor 6.

The outlet of the oxidant storage tank 14 is connected to the oxidant inlet of the exothermic hydrogen oxidation reactor 6 via a second high-pressure plunger pump 15 .

The product outlet of the oxidation exothermic reactor 6 communicates with the inlet of the heat absorber 9, the outlet of the heat absorber 9 communicates with the inner layer fluid inlet of the residue waste heat device 8, and the residue inlet of the residue waste heat device 8 reacts with supercritical water gasification The residue outlet of the device 7 is connected, and the warm residue enters the outer layer of the residue waste heat device 8 to provide heat for the fluid in the inner layer, and the residue outlet is located at the bottom side wall of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor 6 .

The fluid outlet of the residue heat exchanger 8 communicates with the hot end inlet of the first heat exchanger 4, the hot end outlet of the first heat exchanger 4 communicates with the hot end inlet of the second heat exchanger 3, and the hot end inlet of the second heat exchanger 3 The outlet of the hot end communicates with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 11 through the heat preservation water tank 10, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 11 is connected to the water tank 1, and the fluid output from the residue waste heat device 8 passes through the first regenerator 4 and the second regenerator 3 After recovering heat with the thermal insulation water tank 10, the gas-liquid separation is realized in the gas-liquid separator 11, and the hydrogen-rich gas product is collected as a chemical raw material or fuel for deep processing products, and the liquid water returns to the water tank 1 again.

The coil inlet of the exothermic oxidation reactor 6 communicates with the outlet of the water tank 1 through the first regenerator 4 , the second regenerator 3 and the first high-pressure plunger pump 2 in sequence.

Wherein, a serpentine coil structure is arranged in the exothermic hydrogen oxidation reactor 6 for enhancing the heat exchange between the supercritical water inside the coil and the supercritical fluid outside the coil.

The product inlet of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor 6, the oxidant inlet and the coil pipe outlet are on the same side of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor 6, and the product outlet and the coil pipe inlet of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor 6 are at the same side of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor 6. On the other side of 6, part of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reaction is carried out in the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reaction zone outside the coil.

The residue waste heat device 8 has a double-layer structure. The fluid enters the inner layer from the fluid inlet, and the high-temperature residue enters the outer layer from the residue inlet. The fluid in the inner layer is heated by the high-temperature residue in the outer layer and then output from the fluid outlet. The residue absorbs heat and discharges the residue waste heat directly. device 8.

Both the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor 6 and the supercritical water gasification reactor 7 are equipped with overpressure protection devices.

The hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor 6, the supercritical water gasification reactor 7 and the connecting pipes are equipped with thermocouples for measuring temperature.

The working principle of a coal supercritical water gasification system realizing hydrogen heat cogeneration of the present invention is as follows:

a. The water in the water tank is pressurized by the high-pressure plunger pump and heated by the regenerator, and then sent to the coil in the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor. In the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor, a partial hydrogen oxidation reaction occurs outside the coil Heat release, which makes the temperature of the supercritical water in the coil rise;

b. Supercritical water heated to 650-720°C flows out from the outlet of the coil, enters the supercritical water gasification reactor from the bottom, and undergoes supercritical water gasification reaction with coal to obtain gas products and residues, among which gas products and The supercritical water enters the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor, and the hydrogen in the gas product undergoes a partial hydrogen oxidation exothermic reaction with the oxidant, and the residue after the coal supercritical water gasification is discharged into the outer layer of the residual heat recovery device for energy recovery;

c. The high-temperature supercritical fluid after the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reaction enters the heat absorber to produce the hot water required by the user, and the fluid output from the heat absorber enters the inner layer of the residue waste heat device from the fluid inlet. In the residue waste heat device, the fluid passes through the high temperature Continue to recover heat after heating the residue;

d. The fluid output from the residual heat exchanger passes through the heat exchanger and the heat preservation water tank to recover heat, and then realizes gas-liquid separation in the gas-liquid separator to obtain hydrogen-rich gas products and liquid water.

A concrete working process of a coal supercritical water gasification system realizing hydrogen-heat cogeneration in the present invention is as follows:

During the start-up stage of the system, the heat required by the system is provided by the auxiliary heating system 5, and the water in the water tank 1 is pressurized to above the critical point of the water by the high-pressure plunger pump 2, and passes through the second regenerator 3 and the first regenerator in sequence 4. The hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor 6 and the auxiliary heating system 5 enter the supercritical water gasification reactor 7. By controlling the auxiliary heating system 5, the temperature of the supercritical water entering the supercritical water gasification reactor 7 reaches above 650°C .

After the coal is crushed, ground and sieved, coal powder below 200 mesh is obtained, and a catalyst and a stabilizer are added to make a coal slurry with a concentration of 30% to 60%, and then the coal slurry is put into the coal slurry storage tank 12, The coal slurry is transported to the supercritical water gasification reactor 7 through the mud pump 13. In the supercritical water gasification reactor 7, the temperature of the pulverized coal is rapidly raised, and a supercritical water gasification reaction occurs to obtain a hydrogen-rich gas product and residue.

The supercritical fluid includes gas products and supercritical water flowing out from the top of the supercritical water gasification reactor 7, and then enters the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor 6, and the high-temperature residue after the supercritical gasification reaction in the supercritical water gasification reactor 7 Regularly discharged into the outer layer of the residue waste heat tank 8 for energy recovery by step-down method; the oxidant in the oxidant storage tank 14 is pressurized by the second high-pressure plunger pump 15 from the oxidant inlet of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor 6 In the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor 6, the oxidant is insufficient; in the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reaction zone outside the coil, the insufficient oxidant and the hydrogen in the gas product undergo partial oxidation reaction and release heat, making the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reaction The temperature in the device 6 rises, and the supercritical water in the coil exchanges heat with the high-temperature fluid outside the coil, so that the temperature of the supercritical water in the coil rises.

The high-temperature fluid after the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reaction flows out from the product outlet at the other end of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor 6, enters the heat absorber 9 to produce the hot water required by the user, and the fluid output from the absorber 9 enters the residue waste heat device 8 The fluid entering the inner layer of the residue waste heat device 8 is heated by the high-temperature residue in the outer layer to further recover heat, and the residue after heat recovery is discharged out of the residue waste heat device 8 .

After the fluid output from the residue waste heat device 8 passes through the first regenerator 4 , the second regenerator 3 and the heat preservation water tank 10 to recover heat, it realizes gas-liquid separation in the gas-liquid separator 11 , and the liquid water returns to the water tank 1 again.

During operation, because the partial hydrogen-oxygen reaction in the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor 6 continues to carry out, the temperature of the supercritical water in the coil pipe gradually increases, that is, the temperature of the supercritical water entering the auxiliary heating system 5 constantly increases. At this time, Choose to gradually reduce the power of the auxiliary heating system 5 until the auxiliary heating system 5 is finally closed. By adjusting the flow rate of coal slurry and supercritical water, the outlet temperature of the coil of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor 6 reaches 650-720°C, which can be considered as The entire system has achieved self-heating, and the heat released by the hydrogen-oxygen reaction can maintain the stable operation of the entire system without an external auxiliary heat source.

In the present invention, the gas products, residues and high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical fluids after the coal supercritical water gasification have been fully utilized, and the hydrogen in the gas products is provided for coal supercritical water gasification through partial hydrogen oxidation reaction heat release. Heat is required, and the heat in the high-temperature residue after coal supercritical water gasification is recycled; the high-temperature supercritical fluid after the exothermic reaction of hydrogen oxidation is used for heating according to the requirements; and the hydrogen-rich gas product is obtained.

In summary, the present invention realizes a coal supercritical water gasification system for cogeneration of hydrogen and heat, which combines supercritical water gasification of coal, exothermic reaction of hydrogen oxidation, and heat recovery and utilization, and realizes heat supply and coal The coupling of hydrogen production by supercritical water gasification is an efficient and clean coal utilization technology that reduces environmental pollution and achieves the dual purposes of hydrogen production and heat supply.

The above content is only to illustrate the technical ideas of the present invention, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solutions according to the technical ideas proposed in the present invention shall fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

1. A coal supercritical water gasification system that realizes cogeneration of hydrogen and heat is characterized in that it comprises a hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor (6), and the product inlet of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor (6) passes through supercritical water gas The oxidation reactor (7) is connected to the storage tank (12); the oxidant inlet of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor (6) is connected to the oxidant storage tank (14); the coil outlet of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor (6) is through auxiliary heating The system (5) and the supercritical water gasification reactor (7) are connected to the residue inlet of the residue waste heat device (8); the product outlet of the oxidation exothermic reactor (6) passes through the heat absorber (9), the residue waste heat device ( 8), the first heat exchanger (4), the second heat exchanger (3), the heat preservation water tank (10) and the gas-liquid separator (11) are connected to the inlet of the water tank (1), and the outlet of the water tank (1) passes through the first The second heat exchanger (3) and the first heat exchanger (4) are connected to the coil inlet of the oxidation exothermic reactor (6). 2. The coal supercritical water gasification system realizing hydrogen-heat cogeneration according to claim 1, characterized in that a serpentine coil structure is arranged in the exothermic hydrogen oxidation reactor (6). 3. the coal supercritical water gasification system realizing hydrogen heat cogeneration according to claim 1, is characterized in that product inlet, oxidant inlet and coil outlet are on the same side of hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor (6), The product outlet and the coil inlet are arranged on the other side of the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor (6). 4. The coal supercritical water gasification system for hydrogen-heat cogeneration according to claim 3, characterized in that, outside the coil is a hydrogen oxidation exothermic reaction zone. 5. The coal supercritical water gasification system realizing hydrogen heat cogeneration according to claim 1, characterized in that, the residue waste heat device (8) comprises an inner layer and an outer layer, and the supercritical water discharged from the heat absorber (9) The fluid enters the inner layer, the high-temperature residue discharged from the supercritical water gasification reactor (7) enters the outer layer, the supercritical fluid is discharged after being heated by the high-temperature residue, and the residue is discharged after absorbing heat. 6. The coal supercritical water gasification system realizing hydrogen heat cogeneration according to claim 1, characterized in that a mud pump is arranged between the supercritical water gasification reactor (7) and the storage tank (12) (13). 7. The coal supercritical water gasification system realizing hydrogen-heat cogeneration according to claim 1, is characterized in that a second high pressure is arranged between the oxidant storage tank (14) and the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor (6) Piston pump (15). 8. The coal supercritical water gasification system realizing hydrogen-heat cogeneration according to claim 1, characterized in that the water supply inlet of the heat absorber (9) communicates with the water supply outlet of the insulated water tank (10). 9. The coal supercritical water gasification system realizing hydrogen-heat cogeneration according to claim 1, characterized in that a first high-pressure plunger pump is arranged between the water tank (1) and the second regenerator (3) (2). 10. the coal supercritical water gasification system realizing hydrogen heat cogeneration according to claim 1, is characterized in that, hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor (6) and supercritical water gasification reactor (7) are respectively provided with Overpressure protection device and thermocouple for temperature measurement.

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