CN1160314A - 用于把从天线接收的信号传送到无线系统的基地台的方法和电路安排 - Google Patents
用于把从天线接收的信号传送到无线系统的基地台的方法和电路安排 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
用于把来自天线的接收信号传送到无线系统的基地台处理和电路安排。为了把来自天线(A)的接收信号传送到无线系统的基地台(BS)，经光导(L)传送到基地台(BS)的光信号在连接天线(A)的天线单元(AE)中产生。光载波在基地台(BS)中产生交输送到天线单元(AE)。在天线单元中使用电光调制器(EO)以相应于从天线(A)接收的信号的方式调制光载波，并经光导(L)把调制的信号传送到基地电台(BS)。本发明省去了天线单元中对未用激光器的需要。
Description
本发明涉及根据权利要求1前序部分的用于把从天线接收的信号传送到无线系统(最好是移动无线系统)的基地台的方法，此外，本发明涉及用于实现该方法的基地台和天线单元的电路安排。
无线系统通常有至少一个基地台，借助于基地台就可以对用户台如移动无线系统的移动台建立无线链路。一个或多个天线通常靠电缆例如同轴电缆被连接到这样的基地台。如果基地台比较大和在还要安装天线的位置天线不易安装时，有时需要相当长的电缆连接。如果两个基地电台与天线之间的距离比较大，在基地台中就需要大功率放大器和/或非常低损耗的电缆，所以使成本相应地增大。
在基地台中设置激光器，在E/O(电→光)变换器件用所发射信号的射频调制其输出光，是人们已经了解的。然后通过光导向远处的天线单元的模拟信号传送被调制的光信号；在天线单元是借助于O/E(光→电)变换器把上述的光信号转换成相应的电信号，然后经功率放大器把该电信号送到天线。在接收端，如图4所示，来自天线A的信号通过天线单元AE内的前置放大器VV以相应的方式送到电→光调制器EO，通过使用激光器LA和有关的自动控制RE以对应接收信号的方式产生调制的光载波。另一方面，也可以使用接收信号直接调制的激光二极管。然后该接收信号经光导L送到基地台BS中的O/E(光→电)变换器OE，变换器OE把接收的信号变换回电信号，然后在处理单元VE中调整和传送该电信号。这种具有远方天线的结构已经被描述，例如IchikawaH、ohtsakaH、Murase提出的《具有频谱传递转换的纤维光导微孔无线系统》，记载在1993年2月第2期的IEICE学报电子卷E76-C的279至286页和ShibutaniM等人提出的《对微网孔移动通信系统的光纤馈线系统的可行性研究》，国际通信协会(ICC)1991年，论文37、2第1176至1181。
然而，由于接收的场强摆动很大，因此对光传输系统的动态要求非常高。所以对激光强度调制而言只能使用具有非常低强度杂波(RIN，相对强度杂波)的激光。这意味着在许多远方天线单元的每一个中必须使用包括必需的自动控制电路的高精度进而是昂贵的激光器。
因此，本发明的目的是指定用于发射从天线到基地电台接收信号的方法和电路安排，它仅需要一点费用和可以以很低的成本生产。此外，本发明以指定相应基地台和相应天线单元的目的为基础。
根据本发明，本发明的目的由权利要求1指定的特征在开始提出的方法类型情况来实现。电路安排、基地电台和天线单元分别在权利要求7、13和17中被说明。本发明的扩展在从属权利要求中限定。
根据本发明，光载波在基地台中产生，然后送到天线单元，在这里采用电-光调制器以相应于来自天线的接收信号的方式来调制，随后经光导再返传到基地台。
本发明的优点是，由于在天线单元中没有激光器和自动激光器控制，因此天线单元的体积和能量消耗明显地变小，此外，由于在基地台中使用了集中的激光器，因此费用可以明显地降低。另外，光学信号在基地台与天线单元之间的通路上和返回通路上较弱，因此基地电台与天线单元之间的合理的距离小于传统解决手段。一般来说由于基地电台与天线单元之间的距离短，这种限制实际上不会有不利的影响。
交换机中的集中激光器用于用作用户线的数字传送已经被提出。在这里，光载波被分配给多个用户，所以取消用户有激光器的必要性是可能的。然而，这些解决方法只涉及相当低比特率的数字传输，所以每个用户使用便宜的激光器是可能的。对这些应用而言，准许的纤维衰减也比较高。可是，对天线的传送是在无线频率上以模拟方式产生的，所以对激光器的要求就非常高。此外，距天线单元的距离通常比用户线的情况短。用户线电路的电路安排是已知的，例如Altwegg L等人提出的《在用户一侧无光源的用户环》，ECOC91，第6O9页至612页；和Perrier P.A等人提出的：《使用每个双向通信单波长的光(子)用户环结构》，EFOC92，第141页至143页；和Murphy E.J.等人提出的：《使用LiNbo3导波装置的视频和双向语音/数据的同步单纤维传输》，光波技术期刊，1988年6月第6卷第6期第937至945页。
下面结合附图详细说明本发明的各种实施例。
图1示出了根据本发明的电路安排的第一实施例的方框图；
图2示出了根据本发明的电路安排的第二实施例的方框图；
图3示出了根据本发明的电路安排的第三实施例的方框图；
图4示出了根据已有技术的电路安排的方框图。
就根据本发明的电路安排的第一实施例来说，如图1所示，集中激光器LA设置在基地台中BS。在亮度调制中，该激光器LA是，例如，非常低RIN的固体激光器。天线单元AE1至AEn中的E/O变换器EO1至EOn需要的光载波在激光器LA中使用自动控制RE产生并经过分路元件V和光导L1至Ln送到天线单元AE1至AEn。
天线单元AE1至AEn中设置了电光调制器EO1至EOn，用经过前置放大器VV1至VVn的从天线A1至An的到达的接收信号调制该光载波。调制的载波信号随后经另外的光导L1至Ln传送到基地台BS。在基地台中O/E变换器转换调制的载波信号使其还原成接收信号并送到处理单元VE。
第二实施例如图2所示，与图1所示实施例的主要区别在于分路元件V设置在天线单元AEK中的及光载波的分配在天线单元AE上完成。就图2展示的情况而言，天线单元AEK至AEn装备了来自分路元件V′的光载波。不言而喻分路也元件也可以设置在若干个天线单元AE中，因而可以出现环形供应，即光载波借助于分路元件从一个天线单元AE到另一个地传输。
传输线(未示出)也可以被用来对天线单元AE馈送光载波。在这种情况中传输以波分的方式产生，所以不需要附加光导L′。
对第三实施例而言，如图3所示对接收端也仅需要单个光导L1至Ln。为此目的，在基地台BS端，光导L1至Ln分别设置了耦合器K1至Kn。因此，光载波和调制接收信号可以经过相同的光导L传送。在有利地设计情况下，电光调制器是电光反射调制器EOR1至EORn。
如果使用无反射电光调制器，那么在天线单元AE端也需要耦合器。
Claims (17)
1.用于把来自天线(A)的接收信号送到无线系统的基地台(BS)的方法，其光信号在连接天线(A)的天线单元(AE)中产生并通过光导(L)传送到基地台(BS)，其特征在于光载波在基地台(BS)中产生，视光载波馈到天线单元(AE)，在这里使用电光调制器(EOM)以相应于来自天线(A)接收信号的方式进行调制，然后把调制的信号经光导(L)传送到基地台(BS)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中设置了多个天线(A)和有关的天线单元(AE)，其特征在于光载波经过另外的光导(L′)以星形连接方式从基地台(BS)输送到每个天线单元(AE)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中设置了多个天线(A)和有关的天线单元(AE)，其特征在于光载波从基地台(BS)通过另外的光导(L′)输送到天线单元(AE)，然后经过光导(L″)从所述的天线单元(AE)输送到至少一个其它天线单元(AE)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于光载波经其它光导以波分复用的方式从基地台输送到天线单元(AE)，从基地台(BS)到天线单元(AE)的传送信号的传送。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于光载波经过相同的光导(L)从基地台(BS)输送到天线单元(AE)，该光导也把接收信号传送到基地台(BS)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于电光反射调制器(EOR)被用作电光调制器。
7.根据权利要求1所述用于完成该方法的电路安排，其特征在于在基地台(BS)中设置了激光器(LA)，以产生光载波并通过光导(L′)把光载波辐射到天线单元(AE)；天线单元(AE)中设置了电光调制器(EO、EOR)，用于以相应于来自天线(A)的接收信号的方式调制产生于基地台(BS)中的光载波和把调制的信号经光导(L1)传送到基地台(BS)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的电路安排，其中设置了多个天线(A)和关联的天线单元(AE)，其特征在于激光器(LA)的下游有分路元件(V)，用于以星形连接的方式经其它光导(L′)把光载波从基地台(BS)输送到每个天线单元(AE)。
9.根据权利要求7所述的电路安排，其中设置了多个天线(A)和有关的天线单元(AE)，其特征在于至少一个天线单元(AE)含有另外的分路元件(V′)，借助于该分路元件使从基地台(BS)传送到该天线单元的光载波经其它光导输送到至少一个其它的天线单元(AE)。
10.根据权利要求7所述的电路安排，其中传送的信号经光导从基地台(BS)传送到天线单元(AE)，其特征在于该光导还保证对天线单元(AE)的波分复用的方式的光载波的传送。
11.根据权利要求7所述的电路安排，其特征在于设置了分接器(K)，用于把光载波从基地电台(BS)经相同的光导(L)输送到天线单元(AE)，并经该光导(L)使接收的信号也传送到基地台(BS)。
12.根据权利要求11所述的电路安排，其特征在于电光调制器被设计成电光反射调制器(EOR)。
13.根据权利要求1所述的用于实现该方法的基地台，其特征在于它包含激光器(LA)，以产生光载波和经过光导(L′)把光载波辐射到天线单元(AE)。
14.根据权利要求13所述基地台，其中多个天线(A)和有关的天线单元(AE)可以被连接，其特征在于激光器(LA)的下流有分路元件(V)，用于以星形连接形式经其它光导(L′)把光载波从基地台(BS)输送到每个天线单元(AE)。
15.根据权利要求1所述的用于实现该方法的天线单元，其特征在于它含有电光调制器(EO)，用于以相应于来自天线(A)的接收信号的方式调制产生于基地台(BS)中的光载波和把调制的信号辐射到光导(L)。
16.根据权利要求15所述的天线单元，其特征在于它含有别的分路元件(V′)；借助于该分路元件，来自基地台(BS)的传送到它的光载波可以输送到至少一个其它的天线单元(AE)。
17.根据权利要求15或16所述的天线单元，其特征在于电光调制器被设计成电光反射调制器(EOR)。
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| GB2214755B (en) * | 1988-01-29 | 1992-06-24 | Walmore Electronics Limited | Distributed antenna system |
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| DE4019224A1 (de) * | 1990-06-15 | 1991-12-19 | Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag | Funk-nachrichtenuebertragungssystem, insbesondere zellulares mobilfunksystem |
| EP0476569B1 (en) * | 1990-09-17 | 1996-12-18 | Nec Corporation | Mobile communication system |
| US5067173A (en) * | 1990-12-20 | 1991-11-19 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Microcellular communications system using space diversity reception |
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| FR2682239B1 (fr) * | 1991-10-04 | 1994-11-04 | Cit Alcatel | Systeme de transmission bidirectionnelle, notamment par fibre optique, avec une porteuse unique pour les deux sens de transmission. |
| JP2897492B2 (ja) * | 1991-10-24 | 1999-05-31 | 日本電気株式会社 | 移動通信装置 |
| JP3290831B2 (ja) * | 1994-11-21 | 2002-06-10 | 明星電気株式会社 | アンテナ装置及び基地局 |
-
1996
- 1996-08-21 EP EP96113457A patent/EP0762674A3/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-09-04 US US08/708,303 patent/US5838474A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-09-07 CN CN96122458A patent/CN1072414C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103259593A (zh) * | 2007-06-15 | 2013-08-21 | 诺斯匹克光学科技公司 | 一种用于提供双向射频服务的无源光网络系统 |
| CN106533563A (zh) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-03-22 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | 一种光载gps/bd天线分配装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5838474A (en) | 1998-11-17 |
| EP0762674A2 (de) | 1997-03-12 |
| CN1072414C (zh) | 2001-10-03 |
| EP0762674A3 (de) | 2001-03-21 |
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