CN116695459B - Preparation method of foam coating material based on waste textile fibers - Google Patents
Preparation method of foam coating material based on waste textile fibersInfo
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- CN116695459B CN116695459B CN202310379026.0A CN202310379026A CN116695459B CN 116695459 B CN116695459 B CN 116695459B CN 202310379026 A CN202310379026 A CN 202310379026A CN 116695459 B CN116695459 B CN 116695459B
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- woven fabric
- hot pressing
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- coating
- base material
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
- D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H1/435—Polyesters
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43835—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
- D04H1/5418—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
- D04H1/55—Polyesters
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/558—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in combination with mechanical or physical treatments other than embossing
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0011—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using non-woven fabrics
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
- D06N3/0036—Polyester fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0043—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
- D06N3/0063—Inorganic compounding ingredients, e.g. metals, carbon fibres, Na2CO3, metal layers; Post-treatment with inorganic compounds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/66—Disintegrating fibre-containing textile articles to obtain fibres for re-use
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a foam coating material based on waste textile fibers, which comprises the steps of (1) preparing a nonwoven fabric base material of the waste textile fibers, (2) coating pretreatment of the nonwoven fabric base material, (3) preparing foam coating slurry of the nonwoven fabric base material, and (4) finishing the foam coating of the nonwoven fabric base material. The waste loose fibers after mechanical treatment are processed into non-woven fabrics through a manual carding mode, when the non-woven fabrics are subjected to hot press shaping pretreatment for 75 seconds at 200 ℃ respectively, a substrate with stable size and high mechanical stretching strength can be obtained, and the substrate is subjected to coating finishing to obtain a coating material with soft hand feeling and good covering property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of reutilization of waste textile fibers, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a foam coating material based on waste textile fibers.
Background
The textile industry is closely related to life of people, with the expansion of the application field of textiles, the world population is rapidly increased, textile raw materials are more and more tense, the price of the textile raw materials is greatly raised, a large amount of waste textiles are buried and burned as garbage, and a large amount of harmful gases and refractory substances are generated by burying and burning, so that the resource waste is caused, and the environment is polluted.
In recent years, aiming at the problems of environmental pollution and resource waste caused by the waste textile fibers, the recycling industry of textile waste materials is generated, and China patent CN109402867A, CN105887249A, CN106589551A, CN108360144A and the like respectively disclose the recycling technology of the waste textile fibers, but the finished base cloth has unstable size and poor surface flatness, soft hand feeling is difficult to obtain, and the covering property of the cloth does not reach the standard, so that the clothing performance of the cloth is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a foam coating material based on waste textile fibers, which is characterized in that waste loose fibers after mechanical treatment are processed into non-woven fabrics through a manual carding mode, when the non-woven fabrics are subjected to hot pressing shaping pretreatment for 75 seconds at 200 ℃ respectively, a substrate with relatively stable size and relatively high mechanical tensile strength can be obtained, and the substrate is subjected to coating finishing to obtain a coating material with relatively soft hand feeling and relatively good covering property.
In order to solve the technical problems, the following technical scheme is adopted:
The preparation method of the foam coating material based on the waste textile fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing a nonwoven fabric base material of waste textile fibers:
Taking waste loose fibers and low-melting-point polyester, and manually carding to obtain non-woven fabric, wherein the non-woven fabric is subjected to hot-pressing shaping pretreatment to obtain a non-woven fabric base material;
(2) Preparation of foaming coating slurry for non-woven fabric base material
The foaming coating slurry comprises the following components:
Preparing foaming coating slurry according to the formula, adding a thickener after stirring for 5-10min until the foaming coating slurry has no granular feel, continuously stirring for 1-3min, and manually foaming to obtain the foaming coating slurry;
(3) Finishing the foaming coating of the non-woven fabric base material, namely coating the coating slurry on the non-woven fabric base material;
Preferably, the hot pressing temperature in the step (1) is 190-210 ℃, the hot pressing time is 120-180s, and the front side and the back side of the non-woven fabric are respectively hot pressed for half of the time.
Preferably, the adding proportion of the low-melting-point polyester in the step (1) is 10-20%.
Preferably, the nonwoven substrate is subjected to a coating pretreatment prior to the foam coating finish:
the pretreatment coating slurry has the following formula:
Preparing coating slurry according to the above formula, stirring for 10min, soaking non-woven fabric substrate in the coating slurry for padding, and oven drying at 120-130deg.C for 2-5min.
Preferably, the thickness of the foamed coating on the nonwoven fabric substrate of step (3) is from 0.7 to 1.35mm.
Preferably, the foaming coating in the step (3) is finished by horizontally placing a nonwoven fabric base material on a laboratory bench, placing a coating plate with the thickness of 1.35mm on the nonwoven fabric base material, taking a certain amount of foaming coating slurry, placing one end of the base material, scraping the base material by a scraper, pre-drying for 1min at 70 ℃, and then baking for 1min at 120 ℃.
Preferably, the step (1) adopts a hot press to sequentially carry out hot pressing on the front and back sides of the non-woven fabric, the hot press comprises a machine table, a turnover clamping mechanism, a transverse hot pressing mechanism and a vertical hot pressing mechanism, the machine table comprises a transverse hot pressing surface and a vertical hot pressing surface, the turnover clamping mechanism is used for overturning and clamping the non-woven fabric, when the non-woven fabric is overturned to the transverse hot pressing surface, the non-woven fabric is transversely placed, the front side of the non-woven fabric is outwards, the front side of the non-woven fabric is hot-pressed by the transverse hot pressing mechanism, when the non-woven fabric is overturned to the vertical hot pressing surface, the back side of the non-woven fabric is outwards, and the non-woven fabric is hot-pressed by the vertical hot pressing mechanism. The invention carries out clamping and overturning actions on the non-woven fabric by virtue of the overturning clamping mechanism, the clamping actions can spread the non-woven fabric smoothly and stably, the hot pressing effect is prevented from being influenced by offset and dislocation, the overturning actions can switch the non-woven fabric on the transverse hot pressing surface and the vertical hot pressing surface, thereby achieving the purpose of double-sided hot pressing.
Preferably, the machine is characterized in that mounting grooves are formed in two sides of the machine, a turnover clamping mechanism is arranged in each of the mounting grooves on two sides, the turnover clamping mechanism comprises a turnover shaft, an upper turnover rod and a lower turnover rod, the turnover shaft comprises an inner shaft and an outer shaft, the inner shaft and the outer shaft can rotate independently, the outer shaft is connected with the lower turnover rod, the inner shaft is connected with the upper turnover rod, the upper turnover rod and the lower turnover rod are matched to clamp and turn the non-woven fabric, the upper turnover rod is turned downwards when in front hot pressing, the non-woven fabric is clamped by combining with the lower turnover rod, the front hot pressing is carried out by the aid of a transverse hot pressing mechanism, and the upper turnover rod and the lower turnover rod together with the clamped non-woven fabric are turned upwards to a vertical hot pressing surface when in back hot pressing, and the back hot pressing is carried out by the aid of the vertical hot pressing mechanism. The turnover clamping mechanism comprises a turnover shaft, an upper turnover rod and a lower turnover rod, wherein the turnover shaft is hinged to realize turnover of the upper turnover rod and the lower turnover rod, the upper turnover rod and the lower turnover rod are identical in shape and are tightly attached, and can stably clamp the non-woven fabric, and the outer shaft and the inner shaft are independent in design, so that the upper turnover rod and the lower turnover rod can be independently turned, the transverse turnover clamping action and the vertical turnover clamping action can be conveniently realized, and the purpose of overturning the front side and the back side of the non-woven fabric is skillfully realized.
Preferably, the upper turning rod is provided with a first screw hole, the first screw hole is internally provided with a fastening knob, the lower turning rod is provided with a second screw hole, the fastening knob is matched with the second screw hole, the upper turning rod and the lower turning rod are fixedly connected with each other, the mounting groove comprises an upper groove position and a lower groove position, the lower groove position is used for placing the lower turning rod, the upper groove position is used for placing the upper turning rod, electromagnets are arranged in the upper groove position and the lower groove position, the upper turning rod and the lower turning rod are respectively provided with a magnet, and the electromagnets are matched with the magnets. The fastening knob is used for improving the clamping stability and firmness of the upper overturning rod and the lower overturning rod, preventing the non-woven fabric from falling off, folding and the like, further improving the hot-pressing effect, and the electromagnet fixes the upper overturning rod and the lower overturning rod in a transverse or vertical mode in a magnet mode, so that the non-woven fabric is prevented from loosening in the hot-pressing process, and the hot-pressing effect is further improved.
Preferably, the transverse hot pressing mechanism comprises an upper transverse frame, a first hot pressing plate, a first operating rod and a first guide support, wherein the lower end of the first operating rod is connected with the first hot pressing plate, the first hot pressing plate is in threaded connection with the upper transverse frame, the first hot pressing plate is driven to downwards press by controlling the first operating rod to rotate, the first hot pressing plate is connected with the first guide support, the first guide support upwards penetrates through the upper transverse frame, the vertical hot pressing mechanism comprises a side vertical frame, a second hot pressing plate, a second operating rod and a second guide support, the rear end of the second operating rod is connected with the second hot pressing plate, the second hot pressing plate is in threaded connection with the side vertical frame, the second hot pressing plate is driven to backwards press by controlling the second operating rod to rotate, the second hot pressing plate is connected with the second guide support, and the second guide support forwards penetrates through the side vertical frame.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the method has the following beneficial effects:
1. The invention carries out hot-pressing shaping treatment on the non-woven fabric base material in advance, and the treated non-woven fabric base material has the advantages of stable size, high mechanical tensile strength and good surface evenness, and improves the surface structure and performance of the non-woven fabric base material.
2. The invention has the advantages that the hairiness adhesion of the non-woven fabric base material is greatly improved after the hot-pressing pretreatment at the hot-pressing temperature, the entanglement degree among fibers is increased, the breaking strength is obviously improved, the low-melting-point polyester in the non-woven fabric base material begins to be gradually melted at the hot-pressing temperature, the melted polyester fibers can be mutually bonded to generate a plurality of bonding points, the integrity of the base material is enhanced, and the mechanical property of the non-woven fabric base material after the hot-pressing treatment at the hot-pressing temperature is obviously improved.
3. Under the hot-pressing time, the molecular chain movement degree of the polyester fiber crystallization zone on the surface layer of the non-woven fabric base material is lower, the intermolecular interaction force is not completely disassembled, the inside of the non-woven fabric base material does not reach the preset temperature, at the moment, the non-woven fabric base material does not completely present a viscous state, the fibers still have simple physical entanglement, and the tensile breaking strength of the non-woven fabric base material is lower. When the hot-pressing time is longer than the hot-pressing time, the breaking strength of the non-woven fabric base material is reduced, even serious scorching and brittle loss occurs, the hand feeling is stiff, and the breaking strength is reduced sharply, which is mainly caused by the oxidation of the melted low-melting-point polyester fiber.
4. According to the invention, the low-melting-point polyester is added, the melted low-melting-point polyester is distributed in the non-woven base material, the adhesion points among fibers are increased, the integrity of the non-woven base material is improved, and in addition, the mechanical properties of the non-woven base material are obviously improved under the adding proportion of the invention. When the proportion of the low-melting polyester exceeds 15%, the melting low-melting polyester is increased, and the hand feeling of the base material is stiff.
5. The kaolin used in the invention has a certain covering property, and the covering property of the non-woven substrate is improved through particle accumulation, so that the whiteness of the non-woven substrate is improved.
6. At the thickness of the coating, the non-woven fabric substrate has soft hand feeling and obviously improved whiteness. Below this coating thickness, the coating coverage is incomplete and a substantial portion of the nonwoven substrate will be exposed to the original color, resulting in a lower whiteness. Above this coating thickness, the whiteness improvement is significantly reduced, but the hand of the nonwoven substrate becomes stiff.
Drawings
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a process for making a nonwoven fabric;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of hot press temperature on nonwoven tensile strength;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of low melting polyester ratio on tensile strength of nonwoven fabric;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of hot press time on nonwoven tensile strength;
FIG. 5 is a graph of Gan Ci percent as a function of kaolin usage;
FIG. 6 is a graph of blue whiteness as a function of kaolin usage;
FIG. 7 is a graph of Hunter whiteness as a function of kaolin usage;
FIG. 8 is a graph of hiding performance of coated nonwovens of varying thickness;
FIG. 9 is a graph of performance of coated nonwovens with varying amounts of thickener;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a hot press;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a hot press station;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the flip clamping mechanism;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of an alternative angle of the flip clamp mechanism;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a transverse heat press mechanism;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of a vertical hot press mechanism.
The machine table 1, the transverse hot-pressing surface 11, the vertical hot-pressing surface 12, the mounting groove 13, the lower groove position 131, the upper groove position 132, the electromagnet 133, the turnover clamping mechanism 2, the turnover shaft 21, the outer shaft 211, the inner shaft 212, the lower turnover rod 22, the upper turnover rod 23, the fastening knob 231, the first screw hole 232, the second screw hole 221, the handle 24, the magnet 25, the transverse hot-pressing mechanism 3, the upper transverse frame 31, the first hot-pressing plate 32, the first operation rod 33, the first guide bracket 34, the vertical hot-pressing mechanism 4, the side vertical frame 41, the second hot-pressing plate 42, the second operation rod 43 and the second guide bracket 44.
Detailed Description
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a foam coating material based on waste textile fibers, which is characterized in that waste loose fibers after mechanical treatment are processed into non-woven fabrics through a manual carding mode, when the non-woven fabrics are subjected to hot press shaping pretreatment for 75 seconds at 200 ℃ respectively, a substrate with stable size and high mechanical tensile strength can be obtained, and the substrate is subjected to coating finishing to obtain a coating material with soft hand feeling and good covering property.
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
And (3) taking waste loose fibers and low-melting-point polyester, and manually carding to obtain a non-woven fabric, wherein the non-woven fabric is subjected to hot-pressing shaping pretreatment to obtain a non-woven fabric base material, the hot-pressing temperature is 190 ℃, the hot-pressing time is 120s, and the adding proportion of the low-melting-point polyester is 15%.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is only that the hot pressing temperature is 200 ℃.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is only that the hot pressing temperature is 210 ℃.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is only that the hot pressing temperature is 170 ℃.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is only that the hot pressing temperature is 180 ℃.
The nonwoven fabrics produced in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were each subjected to tensile strength measurement, and the results are shown in FIG. 2. Therefore, the breaking strength of the non-woven fabric is gradually increased along with the increase of the hot pressing temperature, because the hairiness adhesion of the non-woven fabric is greatly improved after the hot pressing pretreatment, the entanglement degree among fibers is increased, when the hot pressing temperature is 190 ℃, the low-melting polyester begins to be gradually melted, the melted polyester fibers can be mutually bonded to generate a plurality of bonding points, the integrity of the non-woven fabric is enhanced, and therefore, the mechanical property of the non-woven fabric is obviously improved along with the increase of the hot pressing temperature, but after the temperature exceeds 200 ℃, the fusion degree of the polyester fibers is increased, the non-woven fabric is stiff in hand feeling, and meanwhile, the non-woven fabric surface is yellowing or even coking.
Tensile strength at break test reference standard GB/T3923.1-2013 "determination of tensile Property of textile fabrics part 1: determination of breaking Strength and elongation at break", test of samples was performed by WH-5000 electronic tensile tester under a test environment of 25℃and humidity of 60%. (the same applies below)
Example 4
And (3) taking waste loose fibers and low-melting-point polyester, and manually carding to obtain a non-woven fabric, wherein the non-woven fabric is subjected to hot-pressing shaping pretreatment to obtain a non-woven fabric base material, the hot-pressing temperature is 200 ℃, the hot-pressing time is 120s, and the adding proportion of the low-melting-point polyester is 10%.
Example 5
The difference from example 4 is that the addition ratio of the low-melting polyester is 15%.
Example 6
The difference from example 4 is that the addition ratio of the low-melting polyester is 20%.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 4 is that the addition ratio of the low-melting polyester is 0%.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 4 is that the addition ratio of the low-melting polyester is 5%.
Comparative example 5
The difference from example 4 is that the addition ratio of the low-melting polyester is 25%.
As shown in FIG. 3, the tensile strength of the nonwoven fabrics prepared in examples 4-6 and comparative examples 3-5, respectively, showed a tendency of increasing the breaking strength of the nonwoven fabrics with increasing the proportion of the low-melting polyester, because the melting low-melting polyester increased after the proportion of the low-melting polyester increased, the bonding points between the fibers increased, and the integrity of the nonwoven fabrics was enhanced, and therefore the mechanical properties of the nonwoven fabrics were significantly improved with increasing the proportion of the low-melting polyester, but when the proportion of the low-melting polyester exceeded 15%, the melting low-melting polyester increased, and the hand feeling of the nonwoven fabrics was stiff.
Example 7
And (3) taking waste loose fibers and low-melting-point polyester, and manually carding to obtain a non-woven fabric, wherein the non-woven fabric is subjected to hot-pressing shaping pretreatment to obtain a non-woven fabric base material, the hot-pressing temperature is 200 ℃, the hot-pressing time is 120s (60 s each in the front and back directions), and the adding proportion of the low-melting-point polyester is 15%.
Example 8
The difference from example 7 is only that the hot pressing time is 150s (75 s each in the forward and reverse directions).
Example 9
The difference from example 7 is only that the hot pressing time is 180s (90 s each in the opposite direction).
Comparative example 6
The difference from example 7 is only that the hot pressing time is 90s (45 s each in the opposite direction).
Comparative example 7
The difference from example 7 was only that the hot pressing time was 210s (105 s each in the opposite direction).
Comparative example 8
The difference from example 7 is only that the hot pressing time is 240s (120 s each in the opposite direction).
The nonwoven fabrics prepared in examples 7 to 9 and comparative examples 6 to 8 were respectively subjected to tensile strength measurement, and the results are shown in FIG. 4, and it was found that the tensile breaking strength of the nonwoven fabrics tended to rise and then fall with increasing hot press time. When the hot-pressing time is shorter, the molecular chain movement degree of the polyester fiber amorphous region on the surface layer of the non-woven fabric is lower, the interaction force between molecules is not completely disassembled, the interior of the non-woven fabric does not reach the preset temperature, the non-woven fabric does not completely show the viscous state at the moment, and the fibers are still simply physically entangled, so that the tensile breaking strength of the non-woven fabric is lower. According to the time-temperature equivalent principle, the improvement of the hot-pressing time is equivalent to the improvement of the hot-pressing temperature, so that the movement degree of the crystalline regions of the polyester fibers on the surface layer of the non-woven fabric is increased along with the increase of the hot-pressing time, the melting degree is gradually increased, the bonding points formed by the mutually entangled fibers under the action of pressure are increased, the tensile breaking strength of the non-woven fabric is greatly improved, but after the hot-pressing time exceeds 150s, the breaking strength of the non-woven fabric is reduced, and after the hot-pressing time exceeds 210s, the non-woven fabric is seriously coked and fragile, the hand feeling is stiff, and the breaking strength is sharply reduced, which is mainly caused by the oxidation of the melted low-melting polyester fibers.
Example 10
The non-woven fabric base material of the example 1 is adopted, after padding treatment, foaming coating finishing is carried out, foaming polyurethane 3501B-PU 50g, foam stabilizer SY-P1 4g, cross-linking agent ZQ10 g, 6000 mesh kaolin with the dosage percentage of 30 percent and thickener 1g are adopted to prepare foaming coating slurry, and the coating slurry is coated on the non-woven fabric base material, wherein the coating thickness is 1.35mm.
Example 11
The difference from example 10 is that 6000 mesh kaolin is used in a percentage of 35%.
Comparative example 9
The difference from example 10 is that 6000 mesh kaolin is used in a percentage of 20%.
Comparative example 10
The difference from example 10 is that 6000 mesh kaolin is used in a percentage of 25%.
Comparative example 11
The difference from example 10 is that 6000 mesh kaolin is used in a percentage of 40%.
The whiteness of the nonwoven fabric substrates after coating finishing of examples 10-11 and comparative examples 9-11 was measured to investigate the hiding performance of the coating on the nonwoven fabric substrates, and the results are shown in fig. 5-7, which show that the whiteness of the substrates after coating finishing tended to increase and then decrease with increasing amounts of kaolin. When the kaolin content is less than 35%, the whiteness is increased, and the main reason is that the kaolin has a certain covering property, and the tighter the particle accumulation, the better the covering property and the higher the whiteness along with the increase of the kaolin consumption. At kaolin contents above 35%, the whiteness decreases because the kaolin itself is grey in color, and at too high a content the coating darkens in color, resulting in a decrease in whiteness.
Example 12
The difference from example 10 is that the coating thickness is 0.9mm.
Example 13
The difference from example 13 is that the coating thickness is 1.35mm.
Comparative example 12
The difference from example 13 is that the coating thickness is 0.45mm.
The hiding properties of the coatings of example 12, example 13 and comparative example 12 on nonwoven substrates were measured and the results are shown in fig. 8 and table 1;
| Coating thickness | Gan Ci whiteness | Blue whiteness | Hunter whiteness |
| 0.45mm | 60.07 | 62.51 | 78.91 |
| 0.9mm | 76.29 | 82.31 | 91.48 |
| 1.35mm | 77.13 | 84.78 | 93.06 |
As the thickness increases, the whiteness of the coated nonwoven substrate increases. As the base material is uneven, when the thickness is 0.45mm, the coating is not covered completely, and partial base material part can be exposed to the original color, so that the whiteness is low, when the thickness of the coating is 0.9mm, the base material is covered completely, the whiteness is improved obviously, and the base material has soft hand feeling. The whiteness is also slightly improved when the coating thickness is 1.35mm, but the hand feeling is stiff.
Example 14
The difference from example 10 is that the thickener is used in an amount of 0.6g.
Example 15
The difference from example 14 is that the thickener is used in an amount of 0.8g.
Example 16
The difference from example 14 is that the thickener is used in an amount of 1.0g.
Comparative example 13
The difference from example 14 is that the thickener is used in an amount of 0.2g.
Comparative example 14
The difference from example 14 is that the thickener is used in an amount of 0.4g.
The coating properties of examples 14 to 16 and comparative examples 13 to 14 were measured, and as shown in FIG. 9, it was found that the coating cracked when the amount of thickener was less than 0.2 g.
Example 17
As shown in fig. 10-15, in embodiments 1-9, a hot press is used to sequentially perform hot pressing on the front and back sides of a nonwoven fabric, the hot press includes a machine table 1, a turnover clamping mechanism 2 mounted on the machine table 1, a transverse hot pressing mechanism 3 and a vertical hot pressing mechanism 4, the machine table 1 includes a transverse hot pressing surface 11 and a vertical hot pressing surface 12, the turnover clamping mechanism 2 turns over and clamps the nonwoven fabric, when the nonwoven fabric is turned over to the transverse hot pressing surface 11, the front side of the nonwoven fabric faces outwards, the front side of the nonwoven fabric is subjected to hot pressing by the transverse hot pressing mechanism 3, and when the nonwoven fabric is turned over to the vertical hot pressing surface 12, the back side of the nonwoven fabric faces outwards, and the back side of the nonwoven fabric is subjected to hot pressing by the vertical hot pressing mechanism 4. The invention carries out clamping and overturning actions on the non-woven fabric by virtue of the overturning clamping mechanism 2, the clamping actions can spread the non-woven fabric smoothly and stably, the hot pressing effect is prevented from being influenced by offset and dislocation, the overturning actions can switch the non-woven fabric on the transverse hot pressing surface 11 and the vertical hot pressing surface 12, thereby achieving the purpose of double-sided hot pressing.
The two sides of the machine table 1 are provided with mounting grooves 13, the mounting grooves 13 are L-shaped and comprise a lower groove position 131 and an upper groove position 132, the mounting grooves 13 on the two sides are internally provided with turnover clamping mechanisms 2, each turnover clamping mechanism 2 comprises a turnover shaft 21, an upper turnover rod 23 and a lower turnover rod 22, the turnover shaft 21 is arranged at the middle corner of the L-shaped mounting groove 13 and comprises an inner shaft 212 and an outer shaft 211, the inner shaft 212 and the outer shaft 211 are separated through a partition plate, and the inner shaft 212 and the outer shaft 211 can independently rotate. The outer shaft 211 is connected with the lower turnover rod 22, the lower turnover rod 22 is arranged at the lower groove position 131 of the mounting groove 13 and can be turned upwards, the thickness of the lower turnover rod 22 is the same as the depth of the lower groove position 131 of the mounting groove 13, namely, the lower turnover rod 22 is flush with the transverse hot-pressing surface 11, the inner shaft 212 is connected with the upper turnover rod 23, the upper turnover rod 23 is arranged at the upper groove position 132 of the mounting groove 13 and can be turned downwards, and the thickness of the upper turnover rod 23 is the same as the depth of the upper groove position 132 of the mounting groove 13, namely, the upper turnover rod 23 is flush with the vertical hot-pressing surface 12.
The upper turnover rod 23 and the lower turnover rod 22 are matched to clamp and turn over the non-woven fabric, when in front hot pressing, the upper turnover rod 23 and the lower turnover rod 22 are combined to clamp the non-woven fabric, the front hot pressing is carried out by the transverse hot pressing mechanism 3, when in back hot pressing, the upper turnover rod 23 and the lower turnover rod 22 together with the clamped non-woven fabric are turned upwards to the vertical hot pressing surface 12, and the back hot pressing is carried out by the vertical hot pressing mechanism 4. The turnover clamping mechanism 2 consists of a turnover shaft 21, an upper turnover rod 23 and a lower turnover rod 22, wherein the turnover shaft 21 is hinged to realize turnover of the upper turnover rod 23 and the lower turnover rod 22, the upper turnover rod 23 and the lower turnover rod 22 are identical in shape and are tightly attached, and can stably clamp the non-woven fabric, and the outer shaft 211 and the inner shaft 212 are independently designed, so that the upper turnover rod 23 and the lower turnover rod 22 can be independently turned, the transverse turnover clamping action and the vertical turnover clamping action are conveniently realized, and the purpose of turning the front side and the back side of the non-woven fabric is skillfully realized.
The upper overturning rod 23 is provided with a first screw hole 232, a fastening knob 231 is installed in the first screw hole 232, the first screw hole 232 is divided into a screw hole section and a through hole section, the fastening knob 231 comprises a knob part and a screw rod part, the knob part is arranged in the through hole section, and the screw rod part is in threaded connection with the screw hole section. The lower turnover rod 22 is provided with a second screw hole 221, the screw part of the fastening knob 231 is matched with the second screw hole 221, the upper turnover rod 23 and the lower turnover rod 22 are fixed after the two are connected, the upper groove 132 and the lower groove 131 are respectively provided with an electromagnet 133, the upper turnover rod 23 and the lower turnover rod 22 are respectively provided with a magnet 25, and the electromagnet 133 is matched with the magnets 25. The fastening knob 231 is used for improving the clamping stability and firmness of the upper turnover rod 23 and the lower turnover rod 22, preventing the non-woven fabric from falling off, folding and the like, further improving the hot pressing effect, and the electromagnet 133 is used for fixing the upper turnover rod 23 and the lower turnover rod 22 in a transverse or vertical mode through the magnet 25, preventing the non-woven fabric from loosening in the hot pressing process, and further improving the hot pressing effect. Handles 24 are arranged on the upper turnover rod 23 and the lower turnover rod 22, so that the operation of a tester is facilitated.
The transverse hot pressing mechanism 3 comprises an upper transverse frame 31, a first hot pressing plate 32, a first operating rod 33 and a first guide bracket 34, wherein the lower end of the first operating rod 33 is connected with the first hot pressing plate 32, the first hot pressing plate 32 is in threaded connection with the upper transverse frame 31, the first hot pressing plate 32 is driven to be pressed down by controlling the first operating rod 33 to rotate, the first hot pressing plate 32 is connected with the first guide bracket 34, the first guide bracket 34 penetrates through the upper transverse frame 31 upwards, the vertical hot pressing mechanism 4 comprises a side vertical frame 41, a second hot pressing plate 42, a second operating rod 43 and a second guide bracket 44, the rear end of the second operating rod 43 is connected with the second hot pressing plate 42, the second hot pressing plate 42 is in threaded connection with the side vertical frame 41, the second hot pressing plate 42 is driven to be pressed back by controlling the second operating rod 43, and the second guide bracket 44 penetrates through the side vertical frame 41 forwards.
The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions or modifications made on the basis of the present invention to solve the substantially same technical problems and achieve the substantially same technical effects are encompassed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The preparation method of the foam coating material based on the waste textile fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing a nonwoven fabric base material of waste textile fibers:
The method comprises the steps of preparing a non-woven fabric base material from waste loose fibers and low-melting-point polyester through manual carding, wherein the non-woven fabric is prepared through hot-pressing shaping pretreatment, the hot-pressing temperature is 190-200 ℃, the hot-pressing time is 120-180s, the front side and the back side of the non-woven fabric are respectively hot-pressed for half of the time, and the adding proportion of the low-melting-point polyester is 10-15%;
The method comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out hot pressing on the front side and the back side of a non-woven fabric by adopting a hot press, wherein the hot press comprises a machine table, a turnover clamping mechanism, a transverse hot pressing mechanism and a vertical hot pressing mechanism, the machine table comprises a transverse hot pressing surface and a vertical hot pressing surface, the turnover clamping mechanism is used for overturning and clamping the non-woven fabric, when the non-woven fabric is overturned to the transverse hot pressing surface, the non-woven fabric is transversely placed, the front side of the non-woven fabric is outwards, the front side of the non-woven fabric is subjected to hot pressing by the transverse hot pressing mechanism, when the non-woven fabric is overturned to the vertical hot pressing surface, the back side of the non-woven fabric is outwards, and the non-woven fabric is subjected to hot pressing by the vertical hot pressing mechanism;
(2) Preparation of foaming coating slurry for non-woven fabric base material
Before finishing the foaming coating, the non-woven fabric base material is subjected to coating pretreatment:
the pretreatment coating slurry has the following formula:
90-110 parts of deionized water by mass
10-15 Parts of aqueous polyurethane by mass
32-45 Parts of kaolin by mass
Silane coupling agent KH-550, 0.1-0.5 wt%
Dispersant CF-10, 0.1-0.4 wt%
Preparing coating slurry according to the formula, stirring for 10min for standby, immersing the non-woven fabric substrate into the coating slurry for padding treatment, and drying for 2-5min at 120-130 ℃ after padding;
the foaming coating slurry comprises the following components:
45-60 parts by mass of foaming polyurethane 3501B-PU
2-5 Parts by mass of foam stabilizer SY-P1
1-2 Parts by mass of cross-linking agent ZQ10
6000 Mesh kaolin, 28-35%
0.6 To 1 part by mass of thickener Z46
Preparing foaming coating slurry according to the formula, adding a thickener after stirring for 5-10min until the foaming coating slurry has no granular feel, continuously stirring for 1-3min, and manually foaming to obtain the foaming coating slurry;
(3) Finishing the foaming coating of the non-woven fabric base material, namely coating the coating slurry on the non-woven fabric base material, wherein the thickness of the foaming coating on the non-woven fabric base material is 0.7-0.9mm.
2. The method for preparing foam coating materials based on waste textile fibers according to claim 1, wherein the foam coating finishing in the step (3) is characterized in that a nonwoven fabric base material is horizontally placed on a laboratory bench, a coating plate with the thickness of 1.35mm is placed above the nonwoven fabric base material, a certain amount of foam coating slurry is taken out and placed at one end of the base material, then the foam coating slurry is scraped by a scraper, and is pre-baked for 1min at 70 ℃ and then baked for 1min at 120 ℃.
3. The method for preparing the foam coating material based on the waste textile fibers, which is characterized in that mounting grooves are formed in two sides of the machine table, the overturning clamping mechanisms are mounted in the mounting grooves on two sides, each overturning clamping mechanism comprises an overturning shaft, an upper overturning rod and a lower overturning rod, each overturning shaft comprises an inner shaft and an outer shaft, the inner shafts and the outer shafts can rotate independently, the outer shafts are connected with the lower overturning rods, the inner shafts are connected with the upper overturning rods, the upper overturning rods and the lower overturning rods are matched to clamp and overturn the non-woven fabric, the front hot-press is carried out on the non-woven fabric by combining the upper overturning rods with the lower overturning rods, the front hot-press is carried out on the non-woven fabric by the aid of the transverse hot-press mechanism, and the upper overturning rods, the lower overturning rods and the clamped non-woven fabric are overturned to a vertical hot-press surface together, and the reverse hot-press is carried out on the non-woven fabric by the vertical hot-press mechanism.
4. The method for preparing the foam coating material based on the waste textile fibers, which is characterized in that the upper turnover rod is provided with a first screw hole, a fastening knob is arranged in the first screw hole, the lower turnover rod is provided with a second screw hole, the fastening knob is matched with the second screw hole, the upper turnover rod and the lower turnover rod are fixed after being connected, the mounting groove comprises an upper groove position and a lower groove position, the lower groove position is used for positioning the lower turnover rod, the upper groove position is used for positioning the upper turnover rod, electromagnets are arranged in the upper groove position and the lower groove position, the upper turnover rod and the lower turnover rod are provided with magnets, and the electromagnets are matched with the magnets.
5. The method for preparing the foam coating material based on the waste textile fibers, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that the transverse hot pressing mechanism comprises an upper transverse frame, a first hot pressing plate, a first operating rod and a first guide bracket, wherein the lower end of the first operating rod is connected with the first hot pressing plate in threaded connection with the upper transverse frame, the first hot pressing plate is driven to be pressed down by controlling the first operating rod to rotate, the first hot pressing plate is connected with the first guide bracket, the first guide bracket upwards penetrates through the upper transverse frame, the vertical hot pressing mechanism comprises a side vertical frame, a second hot pressing plate, a second operating rod and a second guide bracket, the rear end of the second operating rod is connected with the second hot pressing plate in threaded connection with the side vertical frame, the second hot pressing plate is driven to be pressed down by controlling the second operating rod to rotate, the second hot pressing plate is connected with the second guide bracket, and the second guide bracket forwards penetrates through the side vertical frame.
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| CN102080332A (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2011-06-01 | 陕西科技大学 | Preparation method of waterborne polyurethane synthetic leather base |
| CN110725132A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-01-24 | 浙江理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of waste textile fiber non-woven coating material |
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| CN107805948B (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2020-02-07 | 河南工程学院 | Foam finishing agent and finishing method of SMS (short message service) non-woven fabric |
| CN112900108B (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2023-06-27 | 万华新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of environment-friendly space leather |
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| CN102080332A (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2011-06-01 | 陕西科技大学 | Preparation method of waterborne polyurethane synthetic leather base |
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