CN116830982A - A seedling raising method that promotes sweet corn mesocotyl elongation and improves seedling emergence rate - Google Patents

A seedling raising method that promotes sweet corn mesocotyl elongation and improves seedling emergence rate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116830982A
CN116830982A CN202310542043.1A CN202310542043A CN116830982A CN 116830982 A CN116830982 A CN 116830982A CN 202310542043 A CN202310542043 A CN 202310542043A CN 116830982 A CN116830982 A CN 116830982A
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sweet corn
seedling raising
raising method
seedling
sowing
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刘霞
冷冰莹
李明
张发军
穆春华
闫振伟
姚国旗
王文丽
张晗菡
欧文静
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Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20—Cereals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a seedling raising method for promoting the elongation of a sweet corn mesocotyl to improve the emergence rate, in particular to a seedling raising method for promoting the elongation of the sweet corn mesocotyl to improve the emergence rate, which comprises the following steps of; s1: selecting sweet corn seeds with uniform and consistent size and thousand grains with weight more than 130 g; s2, planting sweet corn seeds in nutrient soil in a seedling tray, and sowing 1 seed in each hole; s3: the sowing depth of the sweet corn is 3 cm; s4, irrigating 20 mg/L GA after sowing 3 A solution; solves the problems that the existing sweet corn has difficult emergence, weaker seedling and can not maximally utilize the sweet corn seeds.

Description

Seedling raising method for promoting elongation of hypocotyl of sweet corn and improving emergence rate
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of plant seedling raising, in particular to a seedling raising method for promoting the elongation of hypocotyls of sweet corns and improving the emergence rate.
Background
Sweet corn is a species of corn, also known as fruit corn or vegetable corn. The sowing method of sweet corn is a cultivation technique method that seeds after selection and treatment are directly sown into the soil surface layer to a certain depth according to a certain mode and specification by adopting different machines.
Because sweet corn seeds are relatively shrunken, have less endosperm dry matter and are relatively fragile, existing sowing methods often result in difficult emergence of sweet corn seedlings, weaker seedlings and the inability to maximize the use of sweet corn seeds.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a seedling raising method for promoting the elongation of hypocotyls in sweet corns and improving the emergence rate.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for achieving the purpose is as follows:
the invention provides a seedling raising method for promoting elongation of hypocotyls of sweet corns to improve the emergence rate, which comprises the following steps of S1: selecting sweet corn seeds with uniform and consistent size and thousand grains with weight more than 130 g;
s2: sowing sweet corn seeds into nutrient soil in a seedling tray, and sowing 1 grain in each hole;
s3: the sowing depth of the sweet corn is 3 cm;
s4: irrigation of 20/mg/L GA after sowing 3 The solution is then subjected to light treatment and cultivation.
Further, in S1, the thousand kernel weight of the sweet corn seed is greater than 130g.
The nutrient soil used in the invention is prepared by the following method: adding bean dregs, corn steep liquor and peptone into wheat bran, stirring uniformly, adding saccharomycetes, preserving heat, fermenting, sterilizing at high temperature, and adding garden soil into the wheat bran fermentation liquid to thoroughly decompose chicken manure.
The mass ratio of the wheat bran to the bean dregs to the corn steep liquor to the peptone is 10:2:3.5:0.3; the addition amount of the saccharomycetes accounts for 3.5 percent of the weight of the wheat bran.
Fermenting at 35-38deg.C for 20-24 hr.
The nutrient soil used in the invention comprises the following specific components: 70% of garden soil, 20% of wheat bran fermentation liquor and 10% of decomposed chicken manure.
Further, in S4, the planting environment temperature of the sweet corn seeds is set to 28 ℃ per 22 ℃ (day/night); the period of the illumination treatment is 16/8 h (day/night), and the illumination intensity is 600 mu mol m -2 s -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The humidity of the culture is set to 65% -75%.
Further, the concentration of the GA3 solution was 20 mg/L.
The thousand seed weight recording method of the sweet corn seeds comprises the following steps: weighing 100 sweet corn seeds on an electronic balance, putting the weighed sweet corn seeds into a weighing bottle filled with the sweet corn seeds after weighing, shaking uniformly, randomly weighing the 100 sweet corn seeds, repeating for 5 times, recording the weighing result, taking the repeated average value of 5 times to obtain the weight of the 100 sweet corn seeds, multiplying the weight by 10 to obtain the thousand seed weight (W) of the sweet corn seeds, and selecting seeds with the weight greater than the thousand seed weight (W) for sowing.
The garden soil used in the invention is plough layer soil which is not fertilized and is 0cm-30 cm deep, impurities in the soil need to be removed, the impurities comprise leaves and other plant roots in the soil, and the soil is arranged in a seedling tray. The corn steep liquor used in the invention is prepared by pulping fresh corn and homogenizing.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the method, the functions of testing thousand seed weight of sweet corn seeds, environment temperature of optimal emergence rate, illumination period of optimal emergence rate, illumination intensity of optimal emergence rate and humidity of optimal emergence rate in the corn process of sweet corn are realized, the problem that the existing sweet corn sowing method cannot maximally utilize sweet corn seeds and is difficult to emergence is solved, the emergence rate of sweet corn is improved, and references and theoretical basis can be provided for sweet corn sowing and industrialized application through research of the method.
2. The invention solves the problem that the traditional sowing method cannot maximize the utilization of the sweet corn seeds and causes waste by a seedling raising method, improves the utilization rate of the sweet corn seeds and reduces the cost of purchasing the sweet corn seeds.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the steps of a seedling raising method for promoting the elongation of hypocotyls of sweet corns to improve the emergence rate;
FIG. 2 shows different GA 3 Phenotype of the concentration-treated sweet corn plants;
FIG. 3 shows the emergence of sweet corn treated with different hormones.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a seedling raising method for promoting elongation of hypocotyls of sweet corns to improve emergence rate comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting sweet corn seeds with uniform and consistent size and thousand grains with weight more than 130 g;
s2: sowing sweet corn seeds into nutrient soil in a seedling tray, and sowing 1 grain in each hole;
the nutrient soil is prepared by the following steps: adding 2 parts of bean dregs, 3.5 parts of corn steep liquor and 0.3 part of peptone into 10 parts of wheat bran, uniformly stirring, adding 3.5% yeast of a fermentation system, fermenting at 35-38 ℃ for 24 hours, sterilizing at high temperature, and adding garden soil into the wheat bran fermentation liquid according to the mass ratio of 7:2:1 to obtain the fermented chicken manure.
S3: the sowing depth of the sweet corn is 3 cm;
s4: irrigation of 20/mg/L GA after sowing 3 A solution.
Example 2
A seedling raising method for promoting elongation of hypocotyls of sweet corns to improve emergence rate, comprising the following steps:
s1: selecting sweet corn seeds with uniform and consistent size and thousand grains with weight more than 130 g;
s2: sowing sweet corn seeds into nutrient soil in a seedling tray, and sowing 1 grain in each hole;
the nutrient soil is prepared by the following steps: adding 2 parts of bean dregs, 3.5 parts of corn steep liquor and 0.3 part of peptone into 10 parts of wheat bran, uniformly stirring, sterilizing at high temperature, and adding garden soil and decomposed chicken manure into the wheat bran mixed solution according to the mass ratio of 7:2:1.
S3-S4 are as in example 1.
When the composition of the nutrient soil was changed, the effective components in the nutrient soil were changed, resulting in a difference in germination rate and the like of corn, and specific results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Effect example 1:
according to the method provided in example 1, 180 sweet corn seeds with uniform and consistent size and thousand grains with a weight greater than 130g are selected, and are divided into three groups, 60 seeds are grouped, and 3 times of repetition are performed, and a sowing depth test and a sowing quantity test are performed, wherein the sowing depth is provided with three gradients, namely D1 (1 cm), D2 (3 cm) and D3 (6 cm), and the sowing grain numbers are respectively Q1 (1), Q2 (2) and Q3 (3). The culture medium is soil which is not fertilized outdoors and is 0-30 cm deep, the soil is watered periodically and quantitatively, the emergence rate is measured after germination for 3 days, and then 5 sweet corns with basically consistent growth vigor are taken for each treatment to measure the length of hypocotyls. The test results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 Effect of seed number per well on sweet corn seed emergence rate
As can be seen from table 2:3 days after sowing, the seedling emergence rate of the sweet corn seeds is highest and reaches 83.3% when the seeds are sown at a depth of 3cm and a single seed; the emergence rate is the lowest when 3 seeds are sown at the depth of 6cm, and is only 44.4%. The highest emergence rate is 38.9% different from the lowest emergence rate. The sweet corn is most suitable for sowing seeds with a sowing depth of 3 cm.
Effect example 2
According to the method provided in example 1, 1000 seeds of sweet corn with uniform size and thousand grains greater than 130g were selected, divided into 10 groups, 100 seeds were grouped, and repeated 3 times, and GA with different concentrations was performed 3 Solution seedling treatment tests, wherein the tests set two sowing depth gradients of 1 cm and 10 cm; five GAs of 0 mg/L (fresh water control), 6 mg/L, 10 mg/L, 20 mg/L and 50 mg/L were set 3 And (5) solution concentration treatment. The emergence rate was measured 7 days after sowing, and then the length of the hypocotyl was measured from 5 sweet corn plants having substantially the same growth vigor per treatment. The test results are as follows:
TABLE 3 different concentration of GA 3 Effect of solution on sweet corn seed emergence rate
As can be seen from table 3 and fig. 2: 6 mg/L GA 3 Group III 10 mg/L GA 3 The mesocotyl length of the group has smaller difference with the emergence rate, but compared with the CK group, the mesocotyl length is increased by 4% -8.5%, and the emergence rate is increased by 3% -4%.1 cm and 10 cm broadcast depth 20 mg/L GA 3 Length of mesocotyl in groupThe degree is 33% and 32% longer than the CK group, and the emergence rate is increased by 9% and 42% respectively. 10 50 mg/L GA of cm-depth group 3 Treatment concentration ratio of 20 mg/L GA 3 150% higher, 7% and 6% lower in hypocotyl length and emergence rate, respectively, possibly GA 3 The treatment concentration is too high. Illustratively, 20/L GA mg/L was irrigated after sowing 3 The solution is favorable for promoting the elongation of the mesocotyl of the sweet corn and improving the emergence rate of the sweet corn.
Effect example 3 according to the method provided in example 1, 400 sweet corn seeds of uniform size and thousand grains greater than 130 grams were selected, divided into four groups, 100 grains were grouped, and repeated 3 times, and gibberellin inhibitor treatment tests were performed. First, seeds were soaked in 1% NaClO solution for 15 min, washed 3 times with distilled water, soaked in clear water for 24h, sown on sterilized filter paper, and placed in a petri dish for cultivation. Setting 0 mg/L (clear water control), 200 mg/L PP333 (paclobutrazol 15% wettable powder), 20 mg/L GA 3 And 50 mg/L GA 3 Four treatments are used. The treatment liquid is periodically and quantitatively replaced, the emergence rate is measured 5 days after sowing, and then 5 sweet corn plants with basically consistent growth vigor are taken for each treatment, and the length of the hypocotyl is measured. The test results are as follows:
TABLE 4 Effect of gibberellin and gibberellin inhibitors on elongation of hypocotyls and emergence rates in sweet corn seeds
As can be seen from table 4 and fig. 3: 200 mg/l PP333 treatment significantly inhibited seedling growth, GA 3 Treatment (20 mg/l, 50 mg/l) promotes seedling growth. Compared with the CK group sweet corn, the PP333 group has 56 percent and 14 percent of hypocotyl length and emergence rate respectively; 20 mg/l GA 3 The mesocotyl length and emergence rate of the group are respectively increased by 52.4 percent and 10 percent compared with the CK group, respectively increased by 150 percent and 28 percent compared with the PP333 group, respectively increased by 50 mg/l GA 3 The treatment groups were 9% and 7% higher, respectively. Verification of 20 mg/l GA 3 The group has the best overall growth condition and the highest emergence rate, and is the best GA for promoting the emergence activity of sweet corn 3 Treatment concentration.
The step of S4 is also followed by setting the planting environment temperature of the sweet corn seeds to 28/22 ℃ (day/night). In operation, the germination rate is maximized by controlling the germination of the sweet corn seeds at a temperature of 28 ℃ per 22 ℃ (day/night).
The illumination cycle of the sweet corn seeds after step S4 is also set to 16/8 h (day/night). In operation, sweet corn seeds are germinated by controlling the germination of the seeds under an illumination period of 16/8 h (day/night) to maximize the emergence rate.
S4, setting the illumination intensity of the sweet corn seeds to 600 mu mol m -2 s -1 . During working, the sweet corn seeds are controlled to be 600 mu mol m -2 s -1 The germination under the illumination intensity of the seed layer, so that the emergence rate of the seed layer is the highest.
The culture humidity of the sweet corn seeds is set to 65% -75% after the step of S4. When the corn seedling emergence rate is highest by controlling the sweet corn seeds to germinate under the culture humidity of 65% -75%.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1.一种促进甜玉米中胚轴伸长提高出苗率的育苗方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：1. A seedling raising method that promotes sweet corn mesocotyl elongation and improves seedling emergence rate, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1：选取大小均匀一致、千粒重大于130克的甜玉米种子；S1: Select sweet corn seeds with uniform size and a thousand-seed weight greater than 130 grams; S2：将甜玉米种子播种在育苗盘中的营养土内，每穴播种1粒；S2: Sow sweet corn seeds in the nutrient soil in the seedling tray, sow 1 seed in each hole; S3：甜玉米的播种深度为3 cm；S3: The sowing depth of sweet corn is 3 cm; S4：播种后浇灌20 mg/ L 的GA3溶液，然后进行光照处理及培养。S4: After sowing, pour 20 mg/L GA 3 solution, then perform light treatment and culture. 2.根据权利要求1所述的育苗方法，其特征在于，S1中，所述甜玉米种子的千粒重大于130g。2. The seedling raising method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in S1, the thousand-seed weight of the sweet corn seeds is greater than 130 g. 3.根据权利要求1或2所述的育苗方法，其特征在于，S2中，所述营养土通过以下方法制备而成：将麦麸中加入豆渣、玉米浆及蛋白胨，搅拌均匀后，加入酵母菌，保温发酵，高温灭菌后，将麦麸发酵液中加入园土、腐熟鸡粪即可。3. The seedling raising method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in S2, the nutrient soil is prepared by the following method: adding bean dregs, corn steep liquor and peptone to wheat bran, stirring evenly, and then adding yeast. Bacteria, heat preservation fermentation, and high temperature sterilization, then add garden soil and decomposed chicken manure to the wheat bran fermentation liquid. 4.根据权利要求3所述的育苗方法，其特征在于，所述麦麸、豆渣、玉米浆及蛋白胨的质量比为10:2:3.5:0.3；所述酵母菌的加入量占麦麸重量的3.5%。4. The seedling raising method according to claim 3, characterized in that the mass ratio of the wheat bran, bean dregs, corn liquor and peptone is 10:2:3.5:0.3; the addition amount of the yeast accounts for the weight of the wheat bran. 3.5%. 5.根据权利要求3或4所述的育苗方法，其特征在于，所述保温发酵为在35-38℃下发酵20-24h。5. The seedling raising method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the insulated fermentation is fermentation at 35-38°C for 20-24 hours. 6.根据权利要求3-5任一项所述的育苗方法，其特征在于，所述营养土的具体组成为：园土70%、麦麸发酵液20%、腐熟鸡粪10%。6. The seedling raising method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the specific composition of the nutrient soil is: 70% garden soil, 20% wheat bran fermentation liquid, and 10% decomposed chicken manure. 7.根据权利要求1所述的育苗方法，其特征在于，S4中，所述甜玉米种子的种植环境温度设为28°C/22°C（昼/夜）；所述光照处理的周期为16/8 h（昼/夜），光照强度设为600 µmolm-2 s-1；所述培养的湿度设为65%-75%。7. The seedling raising method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in S4, the planting environment temperature of the sweet corn seeds is set to 28°C/22°C (day/night); the cycle of the light treatment is 16/8 h (day/night), the light intensity was set to 600 µmolm -2 s -1 ; the humidity of the culture was set to 65%-75%. 8.根据权利要求1所述的育苗方法，其特征在于，所述GA3溶液的浓度为20 mg/ L。8. The seedling raising method according to claim 1, characterized in that the concentration of the GA3 solution is 20 mg/L.
CN202310542043.1A 2022-05-17 2023-05-15 A seedling raising method that promotes sweet corn mesocotyl elongation and improves seedling emergence rate Pending CN116830982A (en)

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CN104926440A (en) * 2015-05-29 2015-09-23 江苏农林职业技术学院 Rice seedling culturing matrix applicable to machine-transplanted-seedling paddy rice and preparation method of rice seedling culturing matrix

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Application publication date: 20231003