CN117123733A - A method for producing ductile iron pipe fittings under clay wet sand process conditions - Google Patents
A method for producing ductile iron pipe fittings under clay wet sand process conditions Download PDFInfo
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- CN117123733A CN117123733A CN202311217085.4A CN202311217085A CN117123733A CN 117123733 A CN117123733 A CN 117123733A CN 202311217085 A CN202311217085 A CN 202311217085A CN 117123733 A CN117123733 A CN 117123733A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
- B22C9/24—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for hollow articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a method for producing a ductile cast iron pipe fitting under clay wet sand process conditions, and relates to the technical field of ductile cast iron pipe fitting production processes. The method comprises the following steps: s1, proportioning: preparing raw materials of pig iron, scrap steel, furnace returns, ferrosilicon and silicon carbide according to a certain proportion; s2, smelting: putting the raw materials into a medium frequency electric furnace for melting; s3, primary molten iron inoculation: when the molten iron is discharged, a primary inoculant is placed in a tapping trough to perform primary inoculation on the molten iron; s4, spheroidizing: the automatic wire feeder enters molten iron according to a certain feeding speed and a spheroidizing line length to spheroidize the molten iron, so that the magnesium residue and the rare earth residue in the molten iron reach a specified range and leave a spheroidizing station; s5, secondary inoculation; s6, pouring; s7, cooling and shakeout. The application solves the technical problem that cementite and pearlite exceed standard, the elongation can reach the technological regulation requirement, and the application has good machining performance in the as-cast state.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of spheroidal graphite cast iron pipe fitting production processes, in particular to a method for producing spheroidal graphite cast iron pipe fittings under clay wet sand process conditions.
Background
The current casting or mechanical design literature in China prescribes that the minimum allowable wall thickness of sand casting ductile iron castings (the maximum outline size of castings is less than 200 mm) is 3-4 mm. Therefore, the prior art for casting castings with a main wall thickness of 2.4-3.4 mm, especially castings used in the as-cast state under the clay wet sand process conditions, present great technical challenges.
The sand casting is divided into three processes of clay wet sand, clay dry sand and chemical hardening sand, and the cooling speed of the clay wet sand process is faster than that of the other two processes, so that the tissue and performance of the casting are more difficult to control. The technical difficulty of mass production of castings with the thickness of 2.4-3.4 mm used in the as-cast state under the clay wet sand process condition is as follows:
1. cementite is extremely prone to exceeding (+.1%); 2. pearlite is extremely prone to superscalar (+.40%); the elongation is difficult to meet the process specification requirements (process specification +.12%).
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a method for producing ductile cast iron pipe fittings under clay wet sand process conditions, which can solve the technical problem that cementite and pearlite exceed standards by aiming at the defects of the prior art, has stable casting performance and reaches the standard, and has good machining performance in an as-cast state.
The application adopts the technical scheme that:
the embodiment of the application provides a method for producing ductile cast iron pipe fittings under clay wet sand process conditions, which comprises the following steps:
s1, proportioning:
pig iron, scrap steel, furnace returns, ferrosilicon and silicon carbide raw materials are prepared according to the following weight proportion, wherein: carbon content of 3.85%, silicon content of 2.12%, manganese content of 0.2%, sulfur content of 0.02%, and phosphorus content of 0.05%;
s2, smelting:
placing the prepared raw materials of pig iron, scrap steel, furnace returns, ferrosilicon and silicon carbide into a medium frequency electric furnace for melting, and pretreating molten iron in the furnace, wherein the molten iron can be discharged after the temperature of the molten iron reaches 1560 ℃ and the chemical components are qualified;
s3, primary molten iron inoculation:
when the molten iron is discharged, a primary inoculant is placed in a tapping trough to perform primary inoculation on the molten iron;
s4, spheroidizing:
conveying the primary inoculated molten iron to a spheroidizing station, enabling an automatic wire feeder to enter the molten iron according to a certain feeding speed and a spheroidizing line length to spheroidize the molten iron, and enabling the magnesium residue and the rare earth residue in the molten iron to reach a specified range and then leave the spheroidizing station;
s5, secondary inoculation:
pouring molten iron from the spheroidizing station into a ladle of a casting machine, adding a secondary inoculant along with molten iron flow while pouring the molten iron, and carrying out secondary inoculation treatment on the molten iron;
s6, pouring:
the secondary inoculation molten iron is automatically poured into a cavity made of clay wet sand through a pouring machine, and the tertiary inoculant is added into the molten iron along with molten iron flow when the secondary inoculation molten iron is poured into a sand mold cavity;
s7, cooling and shakeout:
after the poured sand mould stays for a certain time, sand-iron separation, namely cooling and shakeout are carried out, sand enters a sand treatment system for secondary utilization, and the poured casting enters the casting and a casting head enters a separation work part.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, after the cooling and shakeout, the method further includes the following steps:
s8, casting inspection:
and separating the casting from the casting head, and enabling the casting head and the waste casting to enter a conveying system for secondary utilization, and warehousing the casting qualified by inspection.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, after the casting inspection, the method further includes the following steps:
s9, surface cleaning and secondary inspection:
polishing the surface of the casting in a shot blasting machine, and performing secondary inspection on the polished casting.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the method further comprises the following steps after the surface cleaning and the secondary inspection:
s10, hot galvanizing:
the casting after the secondary inspection enters a hot galvanizing work part to carry out surface galvanizing on the casting;
s11, machining:
carrying out plain end and threading on the casting after hot galvanizing;
s12, final inspection packaging:
and (5) inspecting the machined castings, and packaging and warehousing products after the inspection is qualified.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the primary inoculant includes a silicon-calcium alloy and silicon carbide, wherein the silicon-calcium alloy is 0.3% by weight relative to the molten iron and the silicon carbide is 0.2% by weight relative to the molten iron.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the above specified ranges of the magnesium residual amount and the rare earth residual amount in the molten iron during the spheroidization are: the weight ratio of the residual magnesium to the molten iron is 0.025-0.035%, and the weight ratio of the residual rare earth to the molten iron is 0.008-0.015%.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the secondary inoculant comprises a silicon-calcium-barium alloy, wherein the silicon-calcium-barium alloy accounts for 0.4-0.6% of the weight of molten iron;
the triple inoculant comprises a silicon-calcium-barium alloy at the time of casting, wherein the weight ratio of the silicon-calcium-barium alloy relative to molten iron is 0.15 percent.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the weight ratio of the carbon equivalent in the molten iron to the molten iron during pouring is controlled as follows: 4.6 to 4.7 percent.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the silicon to carbon ratio in the molten iron is ∈0.83 during the casting.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the application has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:
by pre-treating the base iron: adding silicon carbide into the furnace to pretreat molten iron, purifying molten iron and increasing graphite crystal cores.
Enhancing the inoculation effect and greatly improving the number of graphite nodules: the primary inoculation is subjected to intensive research and multiple experiments while the secondary and stream inoculation effects are improved, and a composite inoculation mode is adopted on the premise of not increasing the production cost, so that the number of graphite nodules is increased by more than 30% on the original basis.
The technical problem that cementite and pearlite exceed standards is solved, the elongation can meet the requirements of process regulations, the performance of castings is stable and reaches the standards, and the casting has good machining performance in an as-cast state.
Detailed Description
Examples
The embodiment provides a method for producing ductile cast iron pipe fittings under clay wet sand process conditions, which comprises the following steps:
s1, proportioning:
pig iron, scrap steel, furnace returns, ferrosilicon and silicon carbide raw materials are prepared according to the following weight proportion, wherein: carbon content of 3.85%, silicon content of 2.12%, manganese content of 0.2%, sulfur content of 0.02%, and phosphorus content of 0.05%;
s2, smelting:
placing the prepared raw materials of pig iron, scrap steel, furnace returns, ferrosilicon and silicon carbide into a medium frequency electric furnace for melting, and pretreating molten iron in the furnace, wherein the molten iron can be discharged after the temperature of the molten iron reaches 1560 ℃ and the chemical components are qualified; the molten iron is pretreated by adding silicon carbide into the furnace, so that the molten iron is purified, and the graphite crystallization core is increased.
S3, primary molten iron inoculation:
when the molten iron is discharged, a primary inoculant is placed in a tapping trough to perform primary inoculation on the molten iron; the primary inoculant comprises a silicon-calcium alloy and silicon carbide, wherein the weight ratio of the silicon-calcium alloy to the molten iron is 0.3 percent, and the weight ratio of the silicon carbide to the molten iron is 0.2 percent. On the premise of not increasing the production cost, a compound inoculation mode is adopted, so that the number of graphite nodules is increased by more than 30% on the original basis.
S4, spheroidizing:
conveying the primary inoculated molten iron to a spheroidizing station, enabling an automatic wire feeder to enter the molten iron according to a certain feeding speed and a spheroidizing line length to spheroidize the molten iron, and enabling the magnesium residue and the rare earth residue in the molten iron to reach a specified range and then leave the spheroidizing station;
wherein the specified range of the magnesium residue and the rare earth residue in the molten iron is as follows: the weight ratio of the residual magnesium to the molten iron is 0.025-0.035%, and the weight ratio of the residual rare earth to the molten iron is 0.008-0.015%.
S5, secondary inoculation:
pouring molten iron from the spheroidizing station into a ladle of a casting machine, adding a secondary inoculant along with molten iron flow while pouring the molten iron, and carrying out secondary inoculation treatment on the molten iron; the secondary inoculant comprises silicon-calcium-barium alloy, wherein the weight ratio of the silicon-calcium-barium alloy relative to molten iron is 0.4-0.6%;
s6, pouring:
the secondary inoculation molten iron is automatically poured into a cavity made of clay wet sand through a pouring machine, and the tertiary inoculant is added into the molten iron along with molten iron flow when the secondary inoculation molten iron is poured into a sand mold cavity; the third inoculant comprises a silicon-calcium-barium alloy, wherein the weight ratio of the silicon-calcium-barium alloy to molten iron is 0.15 percent.
Wherein the weight ratio of the carbon equivalent in the molten iron to the molten iron is controlled as follows: 4.6 to 4.7 percent of carbon equivalent: the sum of one third of the weight of silicon plus the weight of carbon is relative to the weight of molten iron. The silicon-carbon ratio in the molten iron is equal to or greater than 0.83.
S7, cooling and shakeout:
after the poured sand mould stays for a certain time, sand-iron separation, namely cooling and shakeout are carried out, sand enters a sand treatment system for secondary utilization, and the poured casting enters the casting and a casting head enters a separation work part.
S8, casting inspection:
and separating the casting from the casting head, and enabling the casting head and the waste casting to enter a conveying system for secondary utilization, and warehousing the casting qualified by inspection.
S9, surface cleaning and secondary inspection:
polishing the surface of the casting in a shot blasting machine, and performing secondary inspection on the polished casting.
S10, hot galvanizing:
the casting after the secondary inspection enters a hot galvanizing work part to carry out surface galvanizing on the casting;
s11, machining:
carrying out plain end and threading on the casting after hot galvanizing;
s12, final inspection packaging:
and (5) inspecting the machined castings, and packaging and warehousing products after the inspection is qualified.
The method for producing the ductile cast iron pipe fitting under the clay wet sand process condition provided by the application comprises the following steps of preprocessing the base molten iron: adding silicon carbide into the furnace to pretreat molten iron, purifying molten iron and increasing graphite crystal cores.
Enhancing the inoculation effect and greatly improving the number of graphite nodules: the primary inoculation is subjected to intensive research and multiple experiments while the secondary and stream inoculation effects are improved, and a composite inoculation mode is adopted on the premise of not increasing the production cost, so that the number of graphite nodules is increased by more than 30% on the original basis. The technical problem that cementite and pearlite exceed standards is solved, the elongation can meet the requirements of process regulations, the performance of castings is stable and reaches the standards, and the casting has good machining performance in an as-cast state.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application, and it is not intended to limit the present application, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiment, but may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof.
The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A method for producing ductile cast iron pipe fittings under clay wet sand process conditions is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, proportioning:
pig iron, scrap steel, furnace returns, ferrosilicon and silicon carbide raw materials are prepared according to the following weight proportion, wherein: carbon content of 3.85%, silicon content of 2.12%, manganese content of 0.2%, sulfur content of 0.02%, and phosphorus content of 0.05%;
s2, smelting:
placing the prepared raw materials of pig iron, scrap steel, furnace returns, ferrosilicon and silicon carbide into a medium frequency electric furnace for melting, and pretreating molten iron in the furnace, wherein the molten iron can be discharged after the temperature of the molten iron reaches 1560 ℃ and the chemical components are qualified;
s3, primary molten iron inoculation:
when the molten iron is discharged, a primary inoculant is placed in a tapping trough to perform primary inoculation on the molten iron;
s4, spheroidizing:
conveying the primary inoculated molten iron to a spheroidizing station, enabling an automatic wire feeder to enter the molten iron according to a certain feeding speed and a spheroidizing line length to spheroidize the molten iron, and enabling the magnesium residue and the rare earth residue in the molten iron to reach a specified range and then leave the spheroidizing station;
s5, secondary inoculation:
pouring molten iron from the spheroidizing station into a ladle of a casting machine, adding a secondary inoculant along with molten iron flow while pouring the molten iron, and carrying out secondary inoculation treatment on the molten iron;
s6, pouring:
the secondary inoculation molten iron is automatically poured into a cavity made of clay wet sand through a pouring machine, and the tertiary inoculant is added into the molten iron along with molten iron flow when the secondary inoculation molten iron is poured into a sand mold cavity;
s7, cooling and shakeout:
after the poured sand mould stays for a certain time, sand-iron separation, namely cooling and shakeout are carried out, sand enters a sand treatment system for secondary utilization, and the poured casting enters the casting and a casting head enters a separation work part.
2. A method of producing ductile iron pipe fittings under clay wet sand process conditions according to claim 1 wherein: after cooling down the shakeout, the method further comprises the following steps:
s8, casting inspection:
and separating the casting from the casting head, and enabling the casting head and the waste casting to enter a conveying system for secondary utilization, and warehousing the casting qualified by inspection.
3. A method of producing ductile iron pipe fittings under clay wet sand process conditions according to claim 2 wherein: after the casting inspection, the method further comprises the following steps:
s9, surface cleaning and secondary inspection:
polishing the surface of the casting in a shot blasting machine, and performing secondary inspection on the polished casting.
4. A method of producing ductile iron pipe fittings under clay wet sand process conditions according to claim 3 wherein: after surface cleaning and secondary inspection, the method further comprises the following steps:
s10, hot galvanizing:
the casting after the secondary inspection enters a hot galvanizing work part to carry out surface galvanizing on the casting;
s11, machining:
carrying out plain end and threading on the casting after hot galvanizing;
s12, final inspection packaging:
and (5) inspecting the machined castings, and packaging and warehousing products after the inspection is qualified.
5. A method of producing ductile iron pipe fittings under clay wet sand process conditions according to claim 1 wherein: when primary molten iron is inoculated, the primary inoculant comprises a silicon-calcium alloy and silicon carbide, wherein the weight ratio of the silicon-calcium alloy to the molten iron is 0.3 percent, and the weight ratio of the silicon carbide to the molten iron is 0.2 percent.
6. A method of producing ductile iron pipe fittings under clay wet sand process conditions according to claim 1 wherein: in the spheroidizing treatment, the specified range of the magnesium residue and the rare earth residue in the molten iron is as follows: the weight ratio of the residual magnesium to the molten iron is 0.025-0.035%, and the weight ratio of the residual rare earth to the molten iron is 0.008-0.015%.
7. A method of producing ductile iron pipe fittings under clay wet sand process conditions according to claim 1 wherein: in the secondary inoculation, the secondary inoculant comprises a silicon-calcium-barium alloy, wherein the weight ratio of the silicon-calcium-barium alloy relative to molten iron is 0.4-0.6%;
the triple inoculant comprises a silicon-calcium-barium alloy at the time of casting, wherein the weight ratio of the silicon-calcium-barium alloy relative to molten iron is 0.15 percent.
8. A method of producing ductile iron pipe fittings under clay wet sand process conditions according to claim 1 wherein: during pouring, the weight ratio of the carbon equivalent in the molten iron to the molten iron is controlled as follows: 4.6 to 4.7 percent.
9. A method of producing ductile iron pipe fittings under clay wet sand process conditions according to claim 1 wherein: at the time of pouring, the silicon-carbon ratio in the molten iron is equal to or larger than 0.83.
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| CN202311217085.4A CN117123733B (en) | 2023-09-20 | 2023-09-20 | Method for producing ductile cast iron pipe fitting under clay wet sand process condition |
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| CN202311217085.4A CN117123733B (en) | 2023-09-20 | 2023-09-20 | Method for producing ductile cast iron pipe fitting under clay wet sand process condition |
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