CN117123739B - A mold and method for fabricating gradient metal porous elements - Google Patents
A mold and method for fabricating gradient metal porous elementsInfo
- Publication number
- CN117123739B CN117123739B CN202311300710.1A CN202311300710A CN117123739B CN 117123739 B CN117123739 B CN 117123739B CN 202311300710 A CN202311300710 A CN 202311300710A CN 117123739 B CN117123739 B CN 117123739B
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- metal
- die assembly
- wire mesh
- mesh tube
- rubber plug
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
- B22C9/24—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for hollow articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/052—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
- B22F3/03—Press-moulding apparatus therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
- B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a mould and a method for preparing a gradient metal porous element, wherein the mould is tubular and comprises an outer mould component, an inner mould component, a metal wire net pipe, a first rubber plug and a second rubber plug; the wire mesh tube has a first gap with the inner mold assembly and a second gap with the outer mold assembly. According to the scheme, the metal wire mesh tube is arranged in the die, a first gap and a second gap for filling metal powder with different particle sizes are obtained, after the metal powder with different particle sizes is respectively filled, a blank with a gradient metal porous structure can be obtained through one-time pressing, and then the blank is sintered into the gradient metal porous element. The preparation process is simplified, and meanwhile, the metal wire mesh tube in the gradient metal porous element improves the bonding strength between two layers of metal powder, and ensures higher use strength. In addition, the metal powder is small in deformation degree because the preparation process is only carried out once, so that the production efficiency is improved, and the air permeability and the filtering precision of the gradient metal porous element are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of filter elements, and particularly relates to a die and a method for preparing a gradient metal porous element.
Background
The gradient porous material has gradient change of porous performance, namely pore diameter and porosity, and along with the rapid development of industry, porous filtration and separation products with higher requirements, such as high precision, high transmittance, high strength and the like, are gradually proposed, and the high precision and high transmittance performance are in positive contradiction in the homogeneous porous material, namely, the improvement of precision often causes great loss of the air permeability of the porous material, and the improvement of the permeable filtration also needs to give way to the precision requirement.
The gradient porous material can realize the simultaneous increment of high precision and high transmittance due to the gradient change and designability of the porous structure, and has wider application prospect in the development of the porous material with high precision, high transmittance and high strength in the filtration separation and other fields.
In the prior art, the gradient porous structure is prepared by repeated compression molding, the process is complex, and the problem of low batch processing efficiency is caused. In addition, there are problems in that the powder is deformed by pressing a plurality of times, resulting in deterioration of the filtration accuracy, and in that the bonding strength between the powder layers is low and cracking is easy.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a die and a method for preparing a gradient metal porous element, which are used for solving the problems of low processing efficiency and easiness in cracking in the prior art.
The embodiment of the invention provides a die for preparing a gradient metal porous element, which is characterized in that the die is tubular and comprises an outer die assembly arranged outside the die, an inner die assembly arranged inside the outer die assembly, a metal wire net pipe, a first rubber plug and a second rubber plug;
The metal wire mesh tube is positioned between the outer die assembly and the inner die assembly, and a first gap is formed between the metal wire mesh tube and the inner die assembly, and a second gap is formed between the metal wire mesh tube and the outer die assembly;
The first rubber plug is tightly attached to the outer surface of the first end of the inner mold assembly, the inner surface of the first end of the outer mold assembly and the inner surface of the first end of the wire mesh tube, and is used for fixing the first end of the outer mold assembly, the first end of the inner mold assembly and the first end of the wire mesh tube;
The second rubber plug is positioned at the second end of the die, the second end of the die comprises the second end of the inner die assembly, the second end of the outer die assembly and the second end of the wire mesh tube, the inner surface of the second rubber plug is tightly attached to the outer surface of the second end of the inner die assembly, the inner surface of the second rubber plug is tightly attached to the outer surface of the second end of the outer die assembly, the inner surface of the second end of the wire mesh tube is tightly attached to the outer surface, and the second end of the outer die assembly, the first end of the inner die assembly and the second end of the wire mesh tube are fixed.
Optionally, the outer mold assembly comprises a first metal tube and a first rubber sleeve which are closely attached, and the first metal tube is positioned outside the first rubber sleeve;
the inner die assembly comprises a second metal tube and a second rubber sleeve which are closely attached, and the second rubber sleeve is positioned outside the second metal tube;
the first metal tube is flush with the end face of the first rubber sleeve, and the second metal tube is flush with the end face of the second rubber sleeve.
Optionally, through holes are radially and uniformly distributed on the first metal tube and the second metal tube.
Optionally, the first rubber plug is of a reducing outer diameter tubular structure and comprises a small diameter end and a large diameter end;
The end face of the small-diameter end is flush with the end face of the inner die assembly, and the end face of the large-diameter end is provided with a groove for positioning the outer die assembly, the inner die assembly and the wire mesh tube.
Optionally, the device further comprises a first metal buckle and a second metal buckle;
The first metal buckle is used for fixing the small-diameter end and the inner die assembly;
the second metal buckle is used for fixing the large-diameter end and the outer die assembly.
The embodiment of the application also provides a preparation method of the gradient metal porous element, wherein the gradient metal porous element is prepared by adopting the die disclosed by any one of the application, and the method comprises the following steps:
Acquiring an inner die assembly and an outer die assembly of the die, a metal wire mesh tube, a first rubber plug and a second rubber plug;
Sleeving the first end of the inner die assembly in the first rubber plug, so that the outer surface of the inner die assembly is tightly attached to the inner surface of the first rubber plug;
Sleeving the wire mesh tube outside the inner die assembly, and embedding the first end of the wire mesh tube into the first rubber plug, so that a first gap exists between the outer surface of the inner die assembly and the wire mesh tube;
Sleeving the outer die assembly outside the metal wire mesh tube, and embedding the first end of the outer die assembly into the first rubber plug to enable a second gap to exist between the inner surface of the outer die assembly and the metal wire mesh tube;
Filling a first metal powder into the first gap and a second metal powder into the second gap, wherein the first metal powder and the second metal powder have different particle sizes;
Sleeving the second end of the inner die assembly in the second rubber plug, and embedding the second end of the outer die assembly and the second end of the wire mesh tube into the second rubber plug to seal the first gap and the second gap to obtain a sealed die;
Placing the sealed die into a cold isostatic press for pressing, and shaping the first metal powder, the metal wire mesh tube and the second metal powder to obtain a blank element;
The second rubber plug, the outer die assembly and the first rubber plug are disassembled in sequence, and then the blank element is taken out;
sintering the blank element to obtain the gradient metal porous element.
Optionally, sintering the blank member to obtain the gradient metal porous member, which specifically comprises:
placing the blank element into a Gao Wenliao boat, and filling high-temperature resistant particles on the outer surface of the blank element;
and sintering the blank element for 2-4 hours in a sintering atmosphere of vacuum or inert gas or hydrogen and at a sintering temperature of 1100-1400 ℃ and cooling to obtain the gradient metal porous element.
Optionally, the filling the second metal powder into the second gap includes:
after the first end of the die is fixed, and after the second end of the die is inclined by a first angle, the second metal powder is filled into the second gap, and meanwhile, a vibration platform is adopted for compaction.
Optionally, the placing the sealed mold into a cold isostatic press for pressing includes:
Placing the sealed mold into a cold isostatic press, and setting the pressure range of the cold isostatic press to be 100-200 mpa;
And pressing the die in the pressure range of 100-200 mpa.
Optionally, the die further comprises a first metal buckle and a second metal buckle, the structure of the first rubber plug part comprises a small-diameter end and a large-diameter end, and after the second end of the outer die assembly and the second end of the wire mesh tube are embedded into the second rubber plug, the die further comprises:
fixing the small-diameter end and the inner die assembly by adopting the first metal buckle;
and fixing the large-diameter end and the outer die assembly by adopting the second metal buckle.
The embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
The embodiment of the invention provides a mould and a method for preparing a gradient metal porous element, wherein the mould is tubular and comprises an outer mould component, an inner mould component, a metal wire mesh tube, a first rubber plug and a second rubber plug, wherein the outer mould component is arranged outside the mould, the inner mould component, the metal wire mesh tube is arranged inside the outer mould component, a first gap exists between the outer mould component and the inner mould component and between the metal wire mesh tube and the inner mould component, a second gap exists between the metal wire mesh tube and the outer mould component, the first gap is used for filling first metal powder, the second gap is used for filling second metal powder, the first metal powder is different from the second metal powder in granularity, the first rubber plug is arranged at the first end of the mould, the first end of the mould comprises the first end of the inner mould component, the first end of the outer mould component and the first end of the metal wire mesh tube, the inner surface of the first rubber plug is tightly attached to the outer surface of the first end of the inner mould component, the first rubber plug is tightly attached to the inner mould component, the inner surface of the first rubber plug is tightly attached to the outer surface of the first end of the outer mould component, the first rubber plug is tightly attached to the first end of the first metal plug, the first rubber plug is tightly attached to the first end of metal wire mesh tube is tightly, the inner surface and the outer surface of the second end of the metal wire mesh tube are tightly attached, and the metal wire mesh tube is used for fixing the second end of the outer die assembly, the first end of the inner die assembly and the second end of the metal wire mesh tube. According to the scheme, the metal wire mesh tube is arranged in the die, a first gap and a second gap for filling metal powder with different particle sizes are obtained, after the metal powder with different particle sizes is respectively filled, a blank with a gradient metal porous structure can be obtained through one-time pressing, and then the blank is sintered into the gradient metal porous element. The process for preparing the gradient metal porous element is simplified, and meanwhile, the metal wire mesh tube in the gradient metal porous element improves the bonding strength between two layers of metal powder, and ensures higher use strength. In addition, the metal powder is pressed once in the preparation process, so that the deformation degree of the metal powder is small, the mass preparation efficiency of actual production is improved, and the air permeability and the filtering precision of the gradient metal porous element are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mold for preparing a gradient metal porous element according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first rubber stopper according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for fabricating a gradient metal porous element according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of a blank member according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic radial cross-sectional view of a gradient metal porous element according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-first metal pipe, 2-first rubber sleeve, 3-supporting layer, 4-precision control layer, 5-metal wire net pipe, 6-second rubber sleeve, 7-second metal pipe, 8-first rubber plug, 9-second rubber plug, 10-first metal buckle, 11-second metal buckle, 12-through hole, 801-large diameter end, 802-small diameter end, 803-first groove and 804-second groove.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mold for preparing a gradient metal porous element according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the mold is tubular and comprises an outer mold assembly arranged outside the mold, an inner mold assembly arranged inside the outer mold assembly, a metal wire mesh tube 5, a first rubber plug 8 and a second rubber plug 9;
The metal wire mesh tube 5 is located between the outer die assembly and the inner die assembly, a first gap is formed between the metal wire mesh tube 5 and the inner die assembly, a second gap is formed between the metal wire mesh tube and the outer die assembly, the first gap is used for filling first metal powder, the second gap is used for filling second metal powder, and the granularity of the first metal powder is different from that of the second metal powder.
Specifically, the whole die is of a tubular structure with a through center, and mainly comprises an outer die assembly, an inner die assembly, a metal wire mesh tube 5, a first rubber plug 8 and a second rubber plug 9.
The whole external mold assembly is sleeve-shaped, is arranged outside the mold and is used for supporting the outside of the mold, and the stability of the whole structure outside the mold is maintained. The inside coaxial cover of external mold subassembly is equipped with interior mould subassembly for support in the mould, the stability of the inside overall structure of newspaper mould.
A metal wire net pipe 5 is coaxially sleeved between the outer die assembly and the inner die assembly. There is a first gap between the wire mesh tube 5 and the inner mold assembly and a second gap between the wire mesh tube 5 and the outer mold assembly. The first gap and the second gap are used for filling metal powder, and the preparation of the gradient metal porous element is realized by filling metal powder with different particle sizes in the first gap and the second gap. In an embodiment of the invention, the particles of the first gap-filled first metal powder are coarser than the particles of the second gap-filled second metal powder. The first gap is filled with the first metal powder and then serves as a supporting layer 3, and the second gap is filled with the second metal powder and then serves as an accuracy control layer 4. The wire mesh tube 5 serves as a separation layer between the support layer 3 and the precision control layer 4. The adopted metal wire mesh tube 5 is formed by cutting, rolling, straight seam spot welding and polishing and smoothing a stainless steel wire mesh sheet. Other embodiments may use other materials for the wire mesh tube 5 as the isolation layer.
The first rubber plug is tightly attached to the outer surface of the first end of the inner mold assembly, the inner surface of the first end of the outer mold assembly and the inner surface of the first end of the wire mesh tube, and is used for fixing the first end of the outer mold assembly, the first end of the inner mold assembly and the first end of the wire mesh tube;
The second rubber plug is positioned at the second end of the die, the second end of the die comprises the second end of the inner die assembly, the second end of the outer die assembly and the second end of the wire mesh tube, the inner surface of the second rubber plug is tightly attached to the outer surface of the second end of the inner die assembly, the inner surface of the second rubber plug is tightly attached to the outer surface of the second end of the outer die assembly, the inner surface of the second end of the wire mesh tube is tightly attached to the outer surface, and the second end of the outer die assembly, the first end of the inner die assembly and the second end of the wire mesh tube are fixed.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, both ends of the mold are provided with a first rubber stopper 8 and a second rubber stopper 9, respectively. The die is mainly used for fixing two ends of a die, guaranteeing stability of each component forming the die, preventing any one of an outer die assembly, an inner die assembly and a metal wire mesh tube 5 from being out of position, and avoiding influencing filtering precision due to deformation of a prepared blank caused by the out of position condition in the pressing process after metal powder is filled in a first gap and a second gap. In the specific fixing process, the inner surface of the first rubber plug 8 is tightly attached to the outer surface of the first end of the inner mold assembly, so that the dislocation of the inner mold assembly is prevented. The first end of the outer mold assembly and the first end of the wire mesh tube 5 are embedded in the solid structure of the first rubber stopper 8 and thereby secured by the first rubber stopper 8. And similarly, a second rubber plug 9 is arranged at the second end of the die. During the fixing process, the inner surface of the second rubber plug 9 is tightly attached to the outer surface of the first end of the inner mold assembly, so that the dislocation of the inner mold assembly is prevented. The second end of the outer mold assembly and the second end of the wire mesh tube 5 are embedded in the solid structure of the second rubber stopper 9 and thereby secured by the second rubber stopper 9. Under the common limit fixation of the first rubber plug 8 and the second rubber plug 9, the outer die assembly, the inner die assembly and the metal wire mesh tube 5 are ensured to be coaxial, and the outer die assembly, the inner die assembly and the metal wire mesh tube 5 are fixed at the same time.
The mould filled with metal powder with different granularities can be directly placed in a cold isostatic press for pressing to obtain a porous blank, and then sintering the blank to obtain the gradient metal porous element. The gradient metal porous element is prepared by adopting the die, only one-time pressing is needed, the powder is not easy to deform, the preparation process is simple, and the filtering precision and the efficiency of preparing the gradient metal porous element are improved.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides a mold and a method for preparing a gradient metal porous element, wherein the mold is tubular and comprises an outer mold assembly arranged outside the mold, an inner mold assembly arranged inside the outer mold assembly, a metal wire net pipe, a first rubber plug and a second rubber plug; the metal wire mesh tube is positioned between the outer die assembly and the inner die assembly, a first gap exists between the metal wire mesh tube and the inner die assembly, a second gap exists between the metal wire mesh tube and the outer die assembly, the first gap is used for filling first metal powder, the second gap is used for filling second metal powder, the first metal powder and the second metal powder are different in granularity, the first rubber plug is positioned at the first end of the die, the first end of the die comprises the first end of the inner die assembly, the first end of the outer die assembly and the first end of the metal wire mesh tube, the inner surface of the first rubber plug is tightly attached to the outer surface of the first end of the inner die assembly, the inner surface of the first rubber plug is tightly attached to the outer surface of the first end of the outer die assembly, the inner surface of the first end of the second wire mesh tube is tightly attached to the outer surface of the first end of the outer die assembly, the first end of the outer die assembly is used for fixing the first end of the outer die assembly, the first end of the inner die assembly and the first end of the metal wire mesh tube is positioned at the second end of the die, the first rubber plug is tightly attached to the outer surface of the second end of the inner die assembly, the inner surface and the outer surface of the second end of the metal wire mesh tube are tightly attached, and the metal wire mesh tube is used for fixing the second end of the outer die assembly, the first end of the inner die assembly and the second end of the metal wire mesh tube. According to the scheme, the metal wire mesh tube is arranged in the die, a first gap and a second gap for filling metal powder with different particle sizes are obtained, after the metal powder with different particle sizes is respectively filled, a blank with a gradient metal porous structure can be obtained through one-time pressing, and then the blank is sintered into the gradient metal porous element. The process for preparing the gradient metal porous element is simplified, the bonding strength between two layers of powder is improved, and the higher use strength is ensured. In addition, the metal powder is pressed once in the preparation process, so that the deformation degree of the metal powder is small, the mass preparation efficiency of actual production is improved, and the air permeability and the filtering precision of the gradient metal porous element are improved.
In one possible embodiment, the outer mold assembly comprises a first metal tube and a first gum cover closely attached, the first metal tube being located outside the first gum cover;
the inner die assembly comprises a second metal tube and a second rubber sleeve which are closely attached, and the second rubber sleeve is positioned outside the second metal tube;
the first metal tube is flush with the end face of the first rubber sleeve, and the second metal tube is flush with the end face of the second rubber sleeve.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the outer mold assembly is composed of a first metal tube 1 and a first rubber sleeve 2 which are sleeved together and closely attached. The first rubber sleeve 2 is also tubular, the first rubber sleeve 2 is sleeved inside the first metal tube 1, and the outer surface of the first rubber sleeve 2 is attached to the first metal tube 1. The inner surface of the first rubber sleeve 2 is opposite to the outer surface of the wire mesh tube 5, and a gap between the inner surface of the first rubber sleeve and the outer surface of the wire mesh tube 5 is a second gap.
The inner mould assembly consists of a second metal pipe 7 and a second rubber sleeve 6 which are sleeved together and tightly attached. The second rubber sleeve 6 is also tubular, the second rubber sleeve 6 is sleeved outside the second metal tube 7, and the inner surface of the second rubber sleeve 6 is tightly attached to the outer surface of the second metal tube 7. The outer surface of the second rubber sleeve 6 is opposite to the inner surface of the wire mesh tube 5, and a gap between the second rubber sleeve and the inner surface of the wire mesh tube 5 is a first gap.
The first metal tube 1 in the outer die assembly is flush with the end face of the first rubber sleeve 2, and the second metal tube 7 in the inner die assembly is flush with the end face of the second rubber sleeve 6. In the process of assembling the die, the situation that the first metal tube 1 is not attached to the first rubber sleeve 2, the second metal tube 7 is not attached to the second rubber sleeve 6 can be prevented, and uneven surfaces of blank elements prepared later can be possibly caused, so that the filtering precision is influenced.
In one possible implementation manner, through holes are uniformly distributed in the first metal tube and the second metal tube body in the radial direction.
Specifically, the metal powder-filled mold is to be placed in a cold isostatic press for pressing. The cold isostatic press treatment is to place the processed object in a specific mold, then place the mold with the workpiece in a closed container filled with liquid, and gradually pressurize by a pressurizing system, and the pressure is transferred by the liquid, so that the surfaces of the object are subjected to equal pressure.
Through holes 12 are radially formed in the pipe bodies of the first metal pipe 1 and the second metal pipe 7, namely, liquid pressure is transmitted to the first rubber sleeve 2 and the second rubber sleeve 6 through the through holes 12 of the die, the pressure is transmitted to the first metal powder, the metal wire net pipe 5 and the second metal powder through deformation of the first rubber sleeve 2 and the second rubber sleeve 6, and a tubular gradient metal porous element blank body is formed under stress. In addition, through holes 12 are formed in the first metal tube 1 and the second metal tube 7, so that simultaneous pressing is realized inside and outside the die, and the wire mesh tube 5 is uniformly stressed and does not deform in the pressing process. In the embodiment of the invention, the uniformly distributed through holes 12 on the first metal tube 1 and the second metal tube 7 are uniformly distributed through holes 12 with the diameter of 8mm and the interval of 50mm, and in other embodiments, other through holes 12 with other sizes can be adopted.
In one possible embodiment, the first rubber plug is a reducing outer diameter tubular structure, including a small diameter end and a large diameter end;
the end face of the small-diameter end is flush with the end face of the inner die assembly, and the end face of the large-diameter end is provided with a groove for positioning the outer die assembly, the inner die assembly and the wire mesh tube.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first rubber stopper 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The outer diameter variation means that the diameter of the outer surface of the first rubber stopper 8 is not uniform. As shown in fig. 2, the first rubber stopper 8 is divided into a large diameter end 801 and a small diameter end 802 according to the diameter size of the outer surface of the first rubber stopper 8. The end face of the small diameter end 802 is flush with the end face of the inner die assembly, so as to protect the inner die assembly and prevent the end face of the metal tube of the inner die assembly from protruding, which may cause collision deformation in the use process.
The end face size of the large-diameter end 801 is the end face size of the large-diameter end 802, and the large-diameter end 801 is radially provided with two annular grooves. Two annular grooves of the large diameter end 801 of the first rubber stopper 8 include a first groove 803 and a second groove 804. The first groove 803 is adjacent to the inner surface of the first rubber stopper 8 for securing the first end of the wire mesh tube 5, and the second groove 804 is adjacent to the outer surface of the large diameter end 801 of the first rubber stopper 8 for securing the first end of the outer mold assembly.
The structural function of the second rubber stopper 9 and the first rubber stopper 8 is the same. The large diameter end 801 of the second rubber stopper 9 includes two annular grooves. And the second end of the outer die assembly and the second end of the wire mesh tube 5 are limited respectively. The two annular grooves of the first rubber plug 8 are coaxial with the annular grooves of the second rubber plug 9, so that the limit of the outer die assembly and the wire mesh tube 5 is realized together, and the outer die assembly, the wire mesh tube 5 and the outer die assembly are ensured to be coaxial. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the end face of the small diameter end 802 of the second rubber plug 9 is not flush with the end face of the inner mold assembly, and the axial distance is 20mm. The method is mainly used for conveniently distinguishing the two ends of the die. In other embodiments, the minor diameter ends 802 of the first rubber stopper 8 and the second rubber stopper 9 may be disposed flush with the first end of the inner mold assembly, respectively, and the second end of the inner mold assembly.
In one possible embodiment, the method further comprises a first metal clip and a second metal clip;
The first metal buckle is used for fixing the small-diameter end and the inner die assembly;
the second metal buckle is used for fixing the large-diameter end and the outer die assembly.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the large diameter end 801 and the small diameter end 802 of the first rubber stopper 8 and the second rubber stopper 9 are also provided with a buckle. The first metal buckle 10 is arranged at the small diameter end 802, and fastens the small diameter end 802 and the first end of the internal mold assembly, so as to prevent movement dislocation. The second metal clip 11 is provided at the large diameter end 801, on the one hand securing the first end of the outer mould assembly and on the other hand securing the large diameter end 801 while ensuring that the first end of the wire mesh tube 5 does not move.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for preparing a gradient metal porous element according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, the preparation method of the gradient metal porous element comprises the following steps:
And 101, acquiring an inner die assembly and an outer die assembly of the die, a metal wire mesh tube, a first rubber plug and a second rubber plug.
Specifically, the respective components of the assembly mold are prepared, including the outer mold assembly, the wire mesh tube 5, the first rubber stopper 8 and the second rubber stopper 9. And assembling an outer die assembly, namely tightly fitting the first rubber sleeve 2 into the first metal tube 1, and enabling the first rubber sleeve 2 to be flush with the end face of the first metal tube 1. The inner mold assembly is assembled and the second rubber sleeve 6 is tightly matched to the outer surface of the second metal tube 7, and the end surfaces of the second rubber sleeve 6 and the second metal tube 7 are flush.
Step 102, sleeving the first end of the inner die assembly in the first rubber plug, so that the outer surface of the inner die assembly is tightly attached to the inner surface of the first rubber plug.
Specifically, the assembly mold is started, the first end of the inner mold assembly is sleeved in the first rubber plug 8, and the inner surface of the first rubber plug 8 is tightly attached to the outer surface of the inner mold assembly, namely the outer surface of the second rubber sleeve 6.
Step 103, sleeving the wire mesh tube outside the inner die assembly, and embedding the first end of the wire mesh tube into the first rubber plug, so that a first gap exists between the outer surface of the inner die assembly and the wire mesh tube.
Specifically, after the first end of the inner mold assembly is sleeved on the first rubber plug 8, the first end of the wire mesh tube 5 is embedded into a groove closest to the inner mold assembly in the large-diameter end 801 of the first rubber plug 8. The groove in the large diameter end 801 of the first rubber stopper 8 closest to the inner die assembly is spaced from the outer surface of the inner die assembly by a distance that results in a first gap between the outer surface of the inner die assembly and the wire mesh tube 5. The wire mesh tube 5 is coaxial with the inner die assembly. In the embodiment of the invention, the adopted metal wire mesh tube 5 is formed by cutting, rolling, straight stitch spot welding and welding spot polishing and smoothing a stainless steel mesh sheet, the material is stainless steel S31603 or S30408, the weaving form is plain or twill square hole mesh, the specification is 60-100 meshes, and the wire diameter is 0.2-0.8 mm.
Step 104, sleeving the outer die assembly outside the metal wire mesh tube, and embedding the first end of the outer die assembly into the first rubber plug, so that a second gap exists between the inner surface of the outer die assembly and the metal wire mesh tube.
Specifically, the outer mold assembly is sleeved outside the wire mesh tube 5, and the inner surface of the outer mold assembly is opposite to the outer surface of the wire mesh tube. The first end of the outer mold assembly is inserted into the outermost recess of the large diameter end 801 of the first rubber stopper 8. The outermost groove of the large diameter end 801 of the first rubber stopper 8 is spaced from the innermost groove by a distance such that a second gap is formed between the inner surface of the outer mold assembly and the outer surface of the wire mesh tube 5.
Step 105, filling a first metal powder into the first gap, and filling a second metal powder into the second gap, wherein the particle sizes of the first metal powder and the second metal powder are different.
Specifically, the first metal powder is filled in the first gap, and the second metal powder is filled in the second gap, respectively. The larger the corresponding mesh size, the smaller the powder particles, i.e., the larger the mesh size, the finer the particles, and the coarser the particles. If the second gap is used as the precision control layer 4 and the first gap is used as the support layer 3 according to the filtering precision requirement of the metal porous element to be prepared, the particle size of the second metal powder filled in the second gap is smaller than that of the first metal powder. If the first gap is used as the precision control layer 4 and the second gap is used as the support layer 3, the particle size of the second metal powder filled into the second gap is larger than that of the first metal powder in the first gap.
In the embodiment of the invention, the first metal powder and the second metal powder are respectively one or two of non-spherical titanium and titanium alloy, stainless steel S31603 or S30508 and Monel alloy powder, and the granularity is 40-500 meshes. And (3) screening, grading and mixing the required metal powder according to the precision control requirement of the metal porous element to obtain the metal powder in the required granularity range. The first gap is used as the support layer 3, and the second gap is used as the precision control layer 4. The metal powder granularity of the supporting layer 3 is coarse powder with 40-100 meshes, the metal powder granularity of the precision control layer 4 is fine powder with 100-500 meshes, and the use interval of the coarse powder and the fine powder can be precisely controlled according to the precision requirement of the filter element. When the metal powder is filled, the coarse powder is first filled into the support layer 3 by a predetermined amount, and then the fine powder is filled into the precision control layer 4. When the first and second metal powders are filled in the first and second gaps, a small amount of coarse powder may be first filled in the support layer 3, then a small amount of fine powder may be filled in the precision control layer, then a small amount of coarse powder may be further filled in the support layer 3, then a small amount of fine powder may be further filled in the precision control layer 4, and by inserting the filling a plurality of times, it is possible to avoid deformation of the wire mesh tube due to excessive pressure applied to the support layer by filling too much coarse powder at a time.
Step 106, sleeving the second end of the inner die assembly in the second rubber plug, and embedding the second end of the outer die assembly and the second end of the wire mesh tube into the second rubber plug to seal the first gap and the second gap, thereby obtaining a sealed die.
Specifically, after the first gap and the second gap are respectively filled with metal powder, the second end of the inner mold assembly is sleeved in the second rubber plug 9, so that the outer surface of the inner mold assembly is tightly attached to the inner surface of the second rubber plug 9. The second end of the wire mesh tube 5 is inserted into a groove in the second rubber stopper 9 adjacent the inner surface of the large diameter end 801 and the second end of the outer mold assembly is inserted into a groove in the second rubber stopper 9 adjacent the outer surface of the large diameter end 801. The grooves of the first rubber plug 8 and the second rubber plug 9 are the same in position, and after the first rubber plug 8 and the second rubber plug 9 are installed, the coaxiality and the position fixation of the outer die assembly, the metal wire mesh tube 5 and the inner die assembly are ensured. In addition, after the second rubber plug 9 is installed, the sealing of the first gap and the second gap is also realized, and then the metal buckle is used for fastening the first rubber plug 8 and the second rubber plug 9, so that a sealed mold is obtained.
In addition, the spaces at the two radial ends of the metal wire mesh tube 5 and the first gap and the second gap are respectively filled with metal powder with different levels of thickness, and the metal wire mesh tube 5 is used as an intermediate interface to realize gradient structure development of the porous filter element. The die is tubular, and is stressed internally and externally in the pressing process, so that the wire mesh tube 5 is uniformly stressed and does not deform in the pressing forming process. The metal wire mesh tube 5 is used as an intermediate isolation layer of coarse powder and fine powder to realize the accurate positioning of the supporting layer 3 and the precision control layer 4, and the porous element with higher air permeability and filtering precision can be prepared by regulating and controlling the powder loading amount, the powder granularity and the space proportion of the supporting layer 3 and the precision control layer 4.
And 107, placing the sealed die into a cold isostatic press for pressing, and shaping the first metal powder, the metal wire mesh tube and the second metal powder to obtain a blank element.
Specifically, the sealed mold is placed into a cold isostatic press, and the first metal powder and the second metal powder in the mold are pressed by liquid pressure, so that the blank component is obtained after the first metal powder, the metal wire mesh tube 5 and the second metal powder are shaped. The blank member is tubular.
Fig. 4 is a schematic axial sectional view of a blank member according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 4, the inner surface and the outer surface of the wire mesh tube 5 are a support layer 3 and an accuracy control layer 4, respectively. The coarse powder particles of the supporting layer 3 and the fine powder particles of the precision control layer 4 have certain mechanical engagement strength at the mesh openings of the wire mesh tube 5, and the wire mesh tube 5 is respectively embedded into and combined with the coarse powder and the fine powder, so that the pre-compression force is higher compared with that of a pure metal powder filter element.
And 108, taking out the blank element after the second rubber plug, the outer die assembly and the first rubber plug are disassembled in sequence.
Specifically, after pressing in a cold isostatic press, the blank member is removed from the mold. The first metal buckle 10 and the second metal buckle 11 are removed, and then the second rubber plug 9 is removed, so that the first end of the inner mold assembly, the second end of the wire mesh tube 5 and the second end of the outer mold assembly are released, and the first rubber plug 8 is loosened. The first end of the outer mold assembly is then removed from the first rubber stopper 8, whereupon the outer mold assembly is removed, the blank member is exposed, and the blank member is removed. And processing the blank member, and cutting the two ends of the blank member to be flush.
And step 109, sintering the blank element to obtain the gradient metal porous element.
In particular, there is a mechanical engagement between the powders within the green component, and thus sintering of the green component is required. In the sintering process, sintering necks are formed among the powders, and the first metal powder, the metal wire mesh tube 5 and the second metal powder are connected into a stable integral structure through the sintering necks, and the stable integral structure is the gradient metal porous element. The gradient metal element is composed of an accuracy control layer 4, a metal wire mesh tube 5 and a supporting layer 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic radial cross-sectional view of a gradient metal porous element according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 5, in the embodiment of the present invention, the outermost layer of the gradient metal porous element is the precision control layer 4, and the pores between the powders are smaller, which is mainly used for realizing the control of the filtration precision. The innermost support layer 3 of the gradient metal porous element is larger in powder particles. Between the precision control layer 4 and the support layer 3 is a wire mesh tube 5. Because the coarse powder particles of the supporting layer 3 and the fine powder particles of the precision control layer 4 have certain mechanical engagement strength at the mesh openings of the metal wire mesh tube 5, the blank element obtained by pressing has higher pre-compression force, and the interface bonding strength of the first metal powder and the second metal powder is higher after sintering treatment. And the metallurgical bonding exists at the interface metal powder of the metal wire mesh tube 5, but the conditions that the interfaces of the supporting layer 3, the wire mesh isolation layer and the precision control layer are independent exist are adopted, so that the porous filter element cannot crack and fall off at each interface in the use process.
In one possible embodiment, the sintering of the blank member results in a gradient metal porous member, comprising in particular:
placing the blank element into a Gao Wenliao boat, and filling high-temperature resistant particles on the outer surface of the blank element;
and sintering the blank element for 2-4 hours in a sintering atmosphere of vacuum or inert gas or hydrogen and at a sintering temperature of 1100-1400 ℃ and cooling to obtain the gradient metal porous element.
Specifically, the processed blank element is placed into a Gao Wenliao-resistant boat, and then the outer surface of the blank element is filled with high-temperature resistant particles so as to ensure the roundness and straightness of the metal element in the high-temperature sintering process. The Gao Wenliao resistant boat is a metal boat or a ceramic tubular boat, and the axial direction of the blank element is vertically arranged in the center of the boat.
The sintering atmosphere is set to be vacuum or inert gas or hydrogen atmosphere, then the sintering temperature is set to be 1100-1400 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 2-4 hours. The low temperature and short time may prevent sintering neck formation between metal powders, while the too high temperature and too long time may cause excessive sintering of metal, and the sintering neck may block part of pores too much, reducing the filtration accuracy of the finished element.
In one possible embodiment, the filling of the second metal powder into the second gap includes:
after the first end of the die is fixed, and after the second end of the die is inclined by a first angle, the second metal powder is filled into the second gap, and meanwhile, a vibration platform is adopted for compaction.
Specifically, when filling the metal powder, the metal powder in the support layer 3 is filled first, and then the metal powder of the precision control layer 4 is filled again.
In the embodiment of the invention, the second gap is used as the precision control layer 4, and the first gap is used as the support layer 3. After the first metal powder of the support layer 3 is filled, the second metal powder is filled into the second gap. Before filling the second metal powder, the first end of the die is fixed at a point, and the second end of the die is inclined at a certain angle, so that the first metal powder in the first gap has a tendency to enter the second gap, and the metal wire mesh tube 5 prevents the second metal powder from entering the first gap.
In the case where the first metal powder in the first gap has a tendency to enter the second gap, the metal powder entering the second gap has a tendency to move away from the first gap when the second gap is filled with the second metal powder. In the process of filling the second metal powder, in order to ensure the powder filling uniformity, a small amount of fine powder is prevented from splashing to the supporting layer 3 area through the wire mesh tube, the die is rotated, and a vibration platform is adopted for real-time compaction.
In one possible embodiment, the placing the sealed mold into a cold isostatic press for pressing includes:
Placing the sealed mold into a cold isostatic press, and setting the pressure range of the cold isostatic press to be 100-200 mpa;
And pressing the die in the pressure range of 100-200 mpa.
Specifically, after the mold is sealed by the second rubber plug 9, the sealed mold is placed into liquid of a cold isostatic press, the pressure range is set to be 100-200 mpa, and after the pressure is set, the mold starts to be pressed under the pressure. The working principle of the cold isostatic press is that the cold isostatic press is to put the materials filled in a sealed elastic die into a container for containing liquid or gas, apply a certain pressure to the materials by the liquid or gas, and press the materials into a solid body to obtain a blank body with an original shape. In the embodiment of the invention, the first metal tube 1 and the second metal tube 7 are provided with only through holes 12, and the pressure in the cold isostatic press is transmitted to the first rubber sleeve 2 and the second rubber sleeve 6 through the through holes 12 so as to transmit the pressure, thereby realizing the pressing of the powder of the supporting layer 3 and the precision control layer 4.
In one possible implementation, the die further comprises a first metal buckle and a second metal buckle, the structure of the first rubber plug part comprises a small-diameter end and a large-diameter end, and after the second end of the outer die assembly and the second end of the wire mesh tube are embedded in the second rubber plug, the die further comprises:
fixing the small-diameter end and the inner die assembly by adopting the first metal buckle;
and fixing the large-diameter end and the outer die assembly by adopting the second metal buckle.
Specifically, after the second end of the outer mold assembly, and thus the second end of the wire mesh tube 5, is inserted into the groove of the second rubber stopper 9, the small diameter ends 802 of the first rubber stopper 8 and the second rubber stopper 9 are fastened using the first metal clip 10, and the large diameter ends 801 of the first rubber stopper 8 and the second rubber stopper 9 are fastened using the second metal clip 11. The first metal buckle 10 mainly fixes the relative positions of the first rubber plug 8, the second rubber plug 9 and the inner die assembly, and the second metal buckle 11 mainly fixes the relative positions of the first rubber plug 8, the second rubber plug 9, the outer die assembly and the wire mesh tube 5.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the design and one-step molding of the gradient porous structure are realized by clamping the filtering wire mesh pipe isolating layer between the supporting layer 3 and the precision control layer 4, the bonding strength of powder at two ends of the wire mesh pipe isolating layer can be ensured, and the integrated molding preparation of the gradient metal porous element is realized. The integrated gradient porous filter tube prepared by the embodiment of the invention can improve the air permeability and the filtering precision of the porous filter element, can ensure higher use strength and actual production batch preparation efficiency, can be applied to the fields of polysilicon, petrochemical industry, coal chemical industry and the like, and has huge market application value and potential.
The preparation method of the gradient metal porous element in the present invention is illustrated by the following examples:
Example 1
The second rubber sleeve 6, the second metal tube 7 and the first rubber plug 8 are assembled, the first rubber plug 8 and the second rubber sleeve 6 are fixed by the first metal buckle 10 and the second metal buckle 11, the wire diameter of the stainless steel wire mesh pipe isolation layer 4 with the wire diameter of 0.4mm and 60 meshes of S31603 is clamped in a reserved groove of the first rubber plug 8, the first metal tube 1 and the second rubber sleeve 6 are additionally arranged, and the first rubber plug 8 and the first metal tube 1 are fixed by the first metal buckle 10 and the second metal buckle 11. And (3) filling the supporting layer 3 with the S31603 stainless steel powder with the granularity of 40-60 meshes, and filling the supporting layer 4 with the S31603 stainless steel powder with the granularity of 100-160 meshes after a certain amount, wherein during the period, the die is inclined and rotated to a certain degree, and real-time compaction is performed by adopting a vibration platform, so that the powder filling uniformity is ensured, meanwhile, the fine powder is prevented from splashing to the region of the supporting layer 3, and a small amount of fine powder splashed to the supporting layer 3 is screened to the accuracy control layer 4 through a silk screen isolation layer in the real-time vibration process. The second rubber stopper 9 is sealed by the second rubber stopper 9, and then the second rubber stopper 9 is fixed with the first metal tube 1 and the second rubber sleeve 6 by the first metal buckle 10 and the second metal buckle 11 respectively. The mould is put into a cold isostatic press for compression molding, and the compression pressure is 160MPa. And (5) after compression molding, disassembling the die, and taking out the blank powder tube. And placing the blank tube in a carbon steel tubular material boat, filling corundum sand with the thickness of 1-3 mm on the inner wall of the material boat, namely the outer wall of the blank, sintering, protecting in a hydrogen atmosphere, keeping the sintering temperature at 1350 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 3 hours. And discharging the porous element from the furnace after sintering, and finally obtaining the one-step molding gradient metal porous element.
Example 2
The second rubber sleeve 6, the second metal tube 7 and the first rubber plug 8 are assembled, the first rubber plug 8 and the second rubber sleeve 6 are fixed by the first metal buckle 10 and the second metal buckle 11, the wire diameter of the stainless steel wire mesh pipe isolation layer 4 with the wire diameter of 0.4mm and 60 meshes of S31603 is clamped in a reserved groove of the first rubber plug 8, the first metal tube 1 and the second rubber sleeve 6 are additionally arranged, and the first rubber plug 8 and the first metal tube 1 are fixed by the first metal buckle 10 and the second metal buckle 11. And filling the supporting layer 3 with the S31603 stainless steel powder with the granularity of 40-60 meshes, and filling the supporting layer 4 with the S31603 stainless steel powder with the granularity of 200-300 meshes after a certain amount, during the period, tilting and rotating the die to a certain degree, and carrying out real-time compaction by adopting a vibrating platform to ensure the powder filling uniformity, meanwhile, avoiding the fine powder splashing to the supporting layer 3 area, and screening a small amount of fine powder splashing to the supporting layer 3 to the accuracy control layer 4 through a silk screen isolating layer in the real-time vibration process. The second rubber stopper 9 is sealed by the second rubber stopper 9, and then the second rubber stopper 9 is fixed with the first metal tube 1 and the second rubber sleeve 6 by the first metal buckle 10 and the second metal buckle 11 respectively. The die is put into a cold isostatic press for compression molding, and the compression pressure is 170MPa. And placing the blank tube in a carbon steel tubular material boat, filling corundum sand with the thickness of 1-3 mm on the inner wall of the material boat, namely the outer wall of the blank, sintering, protecting the material boat in a hydrogen atmosphere, and preserving the temperature for 3 hours at 1330 ℃. And discharging the porous element from the furnace after sintering, and finally obtaining the one-step molding gradient metal porous element.
Example 3
The second rubber sleeve 6, the second metal tube 7 and the first rubber plug 8 are assembled, the first rubber plug 8 and the second rubber sleeve 6 are fixed by the first metal buckle 10 and the second metal buckle 11, the wire diameter of the stainless steel wire mesh pipe isolation layer 4 with the wire diameter of 0.4mm and 60 meshes of S31603 is clamped in a reserved groove of the first rubber plug 8, the first metal tube 1 and the second rubber sleeve 6 are additionally arranged, and the first rubber plug 8 and the first metal tube 1 are fixed by the first metal buckle 10 and the second metal buckle 11. And (3) filling the supporting layer 3 with the S31603 stainless steel powder with the granularity of 40-60 meshes, and after a certain amount of stainless steel powder is filled into the precision control layer 4 with the S31603 stainless steel powder with the granularity of 300-400 meshes, during the period, tilting and rotating the die to a certain degree, and carrying out real-time compaction by adopting a vibration platform to ensure the powder filling uniformity, meanwhile, avoiding the fine powder splashing to the region of the supporting layer 3, and screening a small amount of fine powder splashing to the supporting layer 3 to the precision control layer 4 through a silk screen isolation layer in the real-time vibration process. The second rubber stopper 9 is sealed by the second rubber stopper 9, and then the second rubber stopper 9 is fixed with the first metal tube 1 and the second rubber sleeve 6 by the first metal buckle 10 and the second metal buckle 11 respectively. Placing the mould into a cold isostatic press for compression molding, wherein the compression pressure is 180MPa, and disassembling the mould after compression molding to take out the blank powder tube. And placing the blank tube in a carbon steel tubular material boat, filling corundum sand with the thickness of 1-3 mm on the inner wall of the material boat, namely the outer wall of the blank, sintering, protecting in a hydrogen atmosphere, wherein the sintering temperature is 1310 ℃, and preserving heat for 3 hours. And discharging the porous element from the furnace after sintering, and finally obtaining the one-step molding gradient metal porous element.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The die for preparing the gradient metal porous element is characterized by being tubular and comprising an outer die assembly arranged outside the die, an inner die assembly arranged inside the outer die assembly, a metal wire net pipe, a first rubber plug and a second rubber plug;
The metal wire mesh tube is positioned between the outer die assembly and the inner die assembly, and a first gap is formed between the metal wire mesh tube and the inner die assembly, and a second gap is formed between the metal wire mesh tube and the outer die assembly;
The first rubber plug is tightly attached to the outer surface of the first end of the inner mold assembly, the inner surface of the first end of the outer mold assembly and the inner surface of the first end of the wire mesh tube, and is used for fixing the first end of the outer mold assembly, the first end of the inner mold assembly and the first end of the wire mesh tube;
The second rubber plug is positioned at the second end of the die, the second end of the die comprises the second end of the inner die assembly, the second end of the outer die assembly and the second end of the wire mesh tube, the inner surface of the second rubber plug is tightly attached to the outer surface of the second end of the inner die assembly, the inner surface of the second rubber plug is tightly attached to the outer surface of the second end of the outer die assembly, the inner surface of the second end of the wire mesh tube is tightly attached to the outer surface, and the second end of the outer die assembly, the first end of the inner die assembly and the second end of the wire mesh tube are fixed.
2. The mold of claim 1, wherein the outer mold assembly comprises a first metal tube and a first gum cover in close proximity, the first metal tube being located outside of the first gum cover;
the inner die assembly comprises a second metal tube and a second rubber sleeve which are closely attached, and the second rubber sleeve is positioned outside the second metal tube;
the first metal tube is flush with the end face of the first rubber sleeve, and the second metal tube is flush with the end face of the second rubber sleeve.
3. The die of claim 2, wherein the first metal tube and the second metal tube body are radially and uniformly provided with through holes.
4. The die of claim 2, wherein the first rubber stopper is of a reduced outer diameter tubular structure comprising a small diameter end and a large diameter end;
The end face of the small-diameter end is flush with the end face of the inner die assembly, and the end face of the large-diameter end is provided with a groove for positioning the outer die assembly, the inner die assembly and the wire mesh tube.
5. The mold of claim 4, further comprising a first metal clip and a second metal clip;
The first metal buckle is used for fixing the small-diameter end and the inner die assembly;
the second metal buckle is used for fixing the large-diameter end and the outer die assembly.
6. A method of preparing a gradient metal porous element, wherein the gradient metal porous element is prepared using the mold of any one of claims 1-5, the method comprising:
Acquiring an inner die assembly and an outer die assembly of the die, a metal wire mesh tube, a first rubber plug and a second rubber plug;
Sleeving the first end of the inner die assembly in the first rubber plug, so that the outer surface of the inner die assembly is tightly attached to the inner surface of the first rubber plug;
Sleeving the wire mesh tube outside the inner die assembly, and embedding the first end of the wire mesh tube into the first rubber plug, so that a first gap exists between the outer surface of the inner die assembly and the wire mesh tube;
Sleeving the outer die assembly outside the metal wire mesh tube, and embedding the first end of the outer die assembly into the first rubber plug to enable a second gap to exist between the inner surface of the outer die assembly and the metal wire mesh tube;
Filling a first metal powder into the first gap and a second metal powder into the second gap, wherein the first metal powder and the second metal powder have different particle sizes;
Sleeving the second end of the inner die assembly in the second rubber plug, and embedding the second end of the outer die assembly and the second end of the wire mesh tube into the second rubber plug to seal the first gap and the second gap to obtain a sealed die;
Placing the sealed die into a cold isostatic press for pressing, and shaping the first metal powder, the metal wire mesh tube and the second metal powder to obtain a blank element;
The second rubber plug, the outer die assembly and the first rubber plug are disassembled in sequence, and then the blank element is taken out;
sintering the blank element to obtain the gradient metal porous element.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein sintering the green component results in a gradient metal porous component, comprising:
placing the blank element into a Gao Wenliao boat, and filling high-temperature resistant particles on the outer surface of the blank element;
and sintering the blank element for 2-4 hours in a sintering atmosphere of vacuum or inert gas or hydrogen and at a sintering temperature of 1100-1400 ℃ and cooling to obtain the gradient metal porous element.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the filling the second gap with the second metal powder comprises:
after the first end of the die is fixed, and after the second end of the die is inclined by a first angle, the second metal powder is filled into the second gap, and meanwhile, a vibration platform is adopted for compaction.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein said placing said sealed mold into a cold isostatic press for pressing comprises:
Placing the sealed mold into a cold isostatic press, and setting the pressure range of the cold isostatic press to be 100-200 mpa;
And pressing the die in the pressure range of 100-200 mpa.
10. The method of claim 6, wherein the mold further comprises a first metal clip and a second metal clip, the first rubber stopper member structure comprises a small diameter end and a large diameter end, and wherein after embedding the second end of the outer mold assembly, the second end of the wire mesh tube, into the second rubber stopper, further comprises:
the small-diameter end and the inner die assembly are fixed by adopting the first metal buckle, and the large-diameter end and the outer die assembly are fixed by adopting the second metal buckle.
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| US9089427B2 (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2015-07-28 | Praxis Powder Technology, Inc. | Method of making porous metal articles |
| US8728387B2 (en) * | 2005-12-06 | 2014-05-20 | Howmedica Osteonics Corp. | Laser-produced porous surface |
| CN101413071A (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2009-04-22 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Metal polyporous material with gradient pore structure and preparation thereof |
| KR20120060601A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2012-06-12 | 한국기계연구원 | A Flexible Porous Metal and A Flexible Porous Metal Manufacturing Method |
| CN111804921A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-10-23 | 江苏云才材料有限公司 | Preparation method of gradient metal porous material |
| CN112828280B (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2022-09-09 | 南京工业大学 | Preparation method of metal membrane with gradient pore diameter structure |
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