CN117123777A - A method of preparing porous titanium - Google Patents
A method of preparing porous titanium Download PDFInfo
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- CN117123777A CN117123777A CN202311207738.0A CN202311207738A CN117123777A CN 117123777 A CN117123777 A CN 117123777A CN 202311207738 A CN202311207738 A CN 202311207738A CN 117123777 A CN117123777 A CN 117123777A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/09—Mixtures of metallic powders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
- B22F3/1134—Inorganic fillers
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种制备多孔钛的方法，包括如下步骤：(1)：将金属钛粉与碱土金属粉混合，获得混合粉末；(2)：将混合粉末压制成型，获得坯料；(3)：将所述坯料在惰性气氛下烧结，获得烧结产物；(4)：将烧结产物密闭反应器中进行减压蒸馏处理，获得减压蒸馏产物；(5)：将减压蒸馏产物在酸性溶液中进行浸取，洗涤、烘干获得多孔钛。本发明的多孔钛的制备方法，可以改善现有在制备多孔钛时因为氧的存在造成的力学性能下降的问题，对多孔钛的应用具有重要意义。The invention discloses a method for preparing porous titanium, which includes the following steps: (1): Mix titanium metal powder and alkaline earth metal powder to obtain mixed powder; (2): Press and shape the mixed powder to obtain a blank; (3) : The billet is sintered under an inert atmosphere to obtain a sintered product; (4): The sintered product is subjected to vacuum distillation in a closed reactor to obtain a vacuum distillation product; (5): The vacuum distillation product is dissolved in an acidic solution It is leached, washed and dried to obtain porous titanium. The preparation method of porous titanium of the present invention can improve the existing problem of reduced mechanical properties caused by the presence of oxygen when preparing porous titanium, and is of great significance to the application of porous titanium.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of porous titanium preparation, in particular to a method for preparing porous titanium.
Background
The porous titanium is a functional material with excellent performance, combines the excellent physical and chemical properties of titanium and porous materials, and has wide application in the fields of filtration, electrode materials, medical treatment and the like.
The porous titanium is prepared by a plurality of methods, such as a conventional powder metallurgy method, injection molding, 3D printing, vapor deposition method, slurry foaming method, self-propagating high-temperature sintering method and the like. The technology of adding a certain pore-forming agent into metal titanium powder for pressing and sintering is commonly called a pore-forming agent method or a space occupation method, the porous metal obtained by the pore-forming agent method can have large porosity, the pore structure and the pore size distribution can be controlled by adjusting the type of the pore-forming agent, the particle size and the adding proportion, and the obtained porous titanium material can be applied to the field of bionic bone materials due to the bimodal pore size distribution and proper mechanical strength, so that the technical field is widely studied. Common pore formers are sodium chloride, ammonium bicarbonate, sugar spheres, urea, and the like.
However, because titanium has high chemical affinity to oxygen and has great solubility in alpha-Ti, the oxygen can reach more than 14wt%, and therefore, in the preparation process of titanium powder, on one hand, the oxygen in Ti raw materials cannot be thoroughly reduced, and on the other hand, pure titanium is extremely easy to oxidize and combine with oxygen to form solid solution, so that the oxygen content in metallic titanium powder exceeds the standard, and an oxide film with a certain thickness can be formed on the surface. Research shows that oxygen in titanium powder can affect sintering mechanism during the sintering process of titanium powder, and oxygen gradually inhibits surface diffusion by blocking titanium diffusion, so that the size of sintering neck gradually decreases along with the increase of oxygen content of titanium powder in the initial sintering stage, and the mechanical property of porous titanium sintered product can be greatly reduced. Moreover, because the oxygen content in the metal titanium powder plays a vital role in preparing the porous titanium material, in the prior art, only the metal titanium powder with the oxygen content lower than 0.2 weight percent can be selected to prepare the porous titanium, and the preparation cost of the metal titanium powder is increased.
Therefore, the research and development of the preparation method of the porous titanium can solve the problem of mechanical property reduction caused by the existence of oxygen in the preparation of the porous titanium in the prior art, and has great significance for the application of the porous titanium.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of porous titanium, which adopts alkaline earth metal and metal titanium powder to mix and press and form, and an oxide film on the surface of the metal titanium powder undergoes a reduction reaction, so that the oxygen content of the metal titanium powder is reduced, and newly generated low-oxygen titanium can quickly form a large sintering neck at a particle interface under the protection of inert atmosphere, so that the yield strength and the elongation rate of the porous titanium obtained under the same conditions are greatly improved compared with those of the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for producing porous titanium, comprising the steps of:
step (1): mixing metallic titanium powder with alkaline earth metal powder to obtain mixed powder;
step (2): pressing and forming the mixed powder to obtain a blank;
step (3): sintering the blank in an inert atmosphere to obtain a sintered product;
step (4): performing reduced pressure distillation treatment on the sintered product in a closed reactor to obtain a reduced pressure distillation product;
step (5): leaching the reduced pressure distillation product in an acid solution, washing and drying to obtain the porous titanium.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), metallic titanium powder and alkaline earth metal powder are mixed in a three-dimensional mixer under the protection of inert gas; preferably, the mixing is for 20-60min, more preferably, 30min. In the present invention, the inert gas may be Ar gas.
As a further embodiment of the invention, the blank is sintered under an inert atmosphere for a holding time of 1-5 hours, preferably 4 hours.
In the invention, metal titanium powder is used as a raw material and is uniformly mixed with alkaline earth metal powder, then the mixture is subjected to compression molding, the alkaline earth metal powder is uniformly filled among titanium powder particles, the metal titanium powder particles are fully contacted with the alkaline earth metal particles, and the alkaline earth metal is subjected to reduction reaction with oxide films on the surfaces of the metal titanium powder particles, so that the oxygen content of the metal titanium powder is reduced, and the newly generated low-oxygen metal titanium powder can quickly form a large sintering neck at a particle interface under the protection of inert atmosphere.
The prior art for preparing porous titanium generally needs the titanium powder with the oxygen content lower than 0.2 weight percent to obtain better mechanical properties. By adopting the preparation method, the alkaline earth metal powder is used as the pore-forming agent, so that the oxygen content requirement in the metal titanium powder can be relaxed, and the metal titanium powder produced by the method is almost applicable and can also obtain better mechanical properties.
According to a method for producing porous titanium of the present invention, preferably, in the step (1), the alkaline earth metal powder has a particle diameter of not more than 100 μm and the metal titanium powder has a particle diameter of not more than 100 μm. More preferably, the alkaline earth metal powder has a particle size of not more than 45 μm and the titanium metal powder has a particle size of not more than 75 μm. The invention limits the grain size range, can better ensure full contact among grains, promote reduction reaction and further reduce the oxygen content of the metallic titanium powder.
According to a method for producing porous titanium of the present invention, preferably, the alkaline earth metal powder is one or both of Mg powder and Ca powder.
According to the method for preparing porous titanium of the present invention, preferably, in the step (1), the oxygen content in the metallic titanium powder is less than 1.5wt%, and more preferably, the oxygen content in the metallic titanium powder is less than 1wt%.
According to the method for preparing porous titanium of the present invention, preferably, in the step (1), the alkaline earth metal powder accounts for 40-70% of the volume of the mixed powder.
According to a method for producing porous titanium of the present invention, preferably, in the step (2), the press molding pressure is 50 to 250MPa. The forming pressure range of the invention can greatly eliminate bridging holes formed among particles, so that the metal titanium powder particles can be fully contacted, the sintering is facilitated in the subsequent heat preservation process, and in addition, the titanium powder particles and Mg powder or Ca powder particles can be fully contacted, the effective deoxidation can be realized in the subsequent heat preservation process, and the sintering is facilitated.
According to a method for producing porous titanium of the present invention, preferably, in the step (3), the sintering temperature is 1000 to 1400 ℃. The alkaline earth metal and the oxide film on the surface of the titanium powder particles undergo a reduction reaction within the temperature range of 1000-1400 ℃, so that oxygen in the metal titanium powder is effectively removed, the oxygen content of the titanium powder is reduced, and the newly generated low-oxygen titanium powder can quickly form a large sintering neck at the particle interface under the protection of inert atmosphere.
According to a method for producing porous titanium of the present invention, preferably, in the step (4), the pressure of reduced pressure distillation is less than 1Pa. The pressure control of the reduced pressure distillation is less than 1Pa, which is favorable for quick volatilization of Mg powder or Ca powder, and the volatilized Ca powder or Mg powder can be recycled.
According to a method for producing porous titanium of the present invention, preferably, in the step (4), the temperature of the reduced pressure distillation is 700 to 1000 ℃. Further improves the volatilization of Mg powder or Ca powder.
According to the method for preparing porous titanium of the present invention, preferably, in the step (5), the acidic solution is one of hydrochloric acid or nitric acid solution having a mass concentration of 0.5 to 2 wt%. Washing in an acidic solution, removing calcium oxide in the porous titanium, cleaning for 2 times by using pure water, and drying to obtain the porous titanium.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the method for preparing the porous titanium, alkaline earth metal and metal titanium powder are mixed and pressed to form under a certain condition, so that the obtained porous titanium has the advantages that the yield strength and the elongation are greatly improved, and the mechanical property of the existing porous titanium material is improved; in addition, the alkaline earth metal powder can perform a reduction reaction with the oxide film on the surface of the metal titanium powder particles, so that the oxygen content of the metal titanium powder is reduced, and the application range of the oxygen content of the metal titanium powder is widened.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present invention, all the expressions "first" and "second" are used to distinguish two entities with the same name but different entities or different parameters, and it is noted that the "first" and "second" are merely used for convenience of expression, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are not described one by one.
Example 1
Example 1 a method of preparing porous titanium comprises the steps of:
(1) Mixing metal titanium powder with the particle size smaller than 75 mu m with the oxygen content of 0.9wt% and metal Ca powder with the particle size smaller than 45 mu m in a three-dimensional mixer for 30min under the protection of Ar gas to obtain mixed powder, wherein the metal Ca powder accounts for 40% of the volume of the mixed powder,
(2) Pressing and molding the mixed powder under the molding pressure of 50MPa to obtain a blank;
(3) Placing the mixture in an Ar atmosphere protection furnace for heat preservation sintering at 1000 ℃ for 4 hours;
(4) Closing an inlet and an outlet of Ar gas of a protection furnace after sintering, vacuumizing the furnace body until the pressure is lower than 1Pa, performing reduced pressure distillation at 700 ℃ for 30min, and collecting volatile and condensed metal Ca at the cold end of the atmosphere furnace for recycling;
(5) And (3) cooling the reduced pressure distillation product to room temperature, leaching in 0.5wt% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, removing calcium oxide in the porous titanium, cleaning for 2 times by using pure water, and drying to obtain the porous titanium.
The porous titanium obtained in example 1 was examined to have a porosity of 52.3%, a compressive strength of 205MPa and a Young's modulus of 2.12GPa.
Example 2
Example 2 a method of preparing porous titanium comprises the steps of:
(1) Taking metal titanium powder with the particle size smaller than 75 mu m, mixing metal Mg powder with the particle size smaller than 45 mu m for 30min in a three-dimensional mixer under the protection of Ar gas, obtaining mixed powder, wherein the metal Mg powder accounts for 70% of the volume of the mixed powder,
(2) Pressing and molding the mixed powder under the molding pressure of 250MPa to obtain a blank;
(3) Placing the mixture in an Ar atmosphere protection furnace for heat preservation sintering at 1400 ℃ for 4 hours;
(4) Closing an inlet and an outlet of Ar gas of a protection furnace after sintering, vacuumizing the furnace body until the pressure is lower than 1Pa, performing reduced pressure distillation at 1000 ℃ for 30min, and collecting volatile condensed metal Mg at a cold end of the atmosphere furnace for recycling;
(5) And (3) cooling the reduced pressure distillation product to room temperature, leaching in 0.5wt% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, removing magnesium oxide in the porous titanium, cleaning for 2 times by using pure water, and drying to obtain the porous titanium.
The porous titanium obtained in example 2 was found to have a porosity of 63.4%, a compressive strength of 62MPa and a Young's modulus of 0.75GPa.
It should be noted that, each component or step in each embodiment may be intersected, replaced, added, and deleted, and therefore, the combination formed by these reasonable permutation and combination transformations shall also belong to the protection scope of the present invention, and shall not limit the protection scope of the present invention to the embodiments.
The foregoing is an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, and the order in which the embodiments of the present disclosure are disclosed is merely for the purpose of description and does not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments. It should be noted that the above discussion of any of the embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to suggest that the scope of the disclosure of embodiments of the invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the claims. The functions, steps and/or actions of the method claims in accordance with the disclosed embodiments described herein need not be performed in any particular order. Furthermore, although elements of the disclosed embodiments may be described or claimed in the singular, the plural is contemplated unless limitation to the singular is explicitly stated.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the above discussion of any embodiment is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the disclosure of embodiments of the invention, including the claims, is limited to such examples; combinations of features of the above embodiments or in different embodiments are also possible within the idea of an embodiment of the invention, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the embodiments of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, and the like, which are made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of the invention, are included within the scope of the embodiments of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of preparing porous titanium comprising the steps of:
step (1): mixing metallic titanium powder with alkaline earth metal powder to obtain mixed powder;
step (2): pressing and forming the mixed powder to obtain a blank;
step (3): sintering the blank in an inert atmosphere to obtain a sintered product;
step (4): performing reduced pressure distillation treatment on the sintered product in a closed reactor to obtain a reduced pressure distillation product;
step (5): leaching the reduced pressure distillation product in an acid solution, washing and drying to obtain the porous titanium.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the alkaline earth metal powder has a particle diameter of not more than 100 μm and the metal titanium powder has a particle diameter of not more than 100 μm.
3. The method for producing porous titanium according to claim 1, wherein the alkaline earth metal powder is one or both of Mg powder and Ca powder.
4. The method for producing porous titanium according to claim 1, wherein in said step (1), the oxygen content in the metallic titanium powder is less than 1.5wt%.
5. The method for producing porous titanium according to claim 1, wherein in said step (1), the alkaline earth metal powder is 40 to 70% by volume of the mixed powder.
6. The method for producing porous titanium according to claim 1, wherein in said step (2), the press forming pressure is 50 to 250MPa.
7. The method for producing porous titanium according to claim 5, wherein in said step (3), the sintering temperature is 1000 to 1400 ℃.
8. The method for producing porous titanium according to claim 1, wherein in said step (4), the pressure of reduced pressure distillation is less than 1Pa.
9. The method for producing porous titanium according to claim 8, wherein in said step (4), the temperature of the reduced pressure distillation is 700 to 1000 ℃.
10. The method for producing porous titanium according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the acidic solution is one of a hydrochloric acid solution or a nitric acid solution having a mass concentration of 0.5 to 2 wt%.
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Citations (8)
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| US4758272A (en) * | 1987-05-27 | 1988-07-19 | Corning Glass Works | Porous metal bodies |
| US5034186A (en) * | 1985-11-20 | 1991-07-23 | Permelec Electrode Ltd. | Process for providing titanium composite having a porous surface |
| CN101948964A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-19 | 大连理工大学 | Method for preparing biomedical porous titanium and titanium alloy material |
| CN104073670A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-10-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for synthesizing energy absorbing material porous titanium through powder sintering |
| CN104357700A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-02-18 | 东北大学 | Porous titanium and preparing method thereof |
| CN107164781A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-09-15 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | A kind of method for preparing purification ultrafine titanium powder |
| CN108624782A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2018-10-09 | 江苏展钛科技有限公司 | A method of preparing biological titanium alloy |
| CN112247139A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-22 | 郑州大学 | A kind of method for reducing oxygen content of fine titanium powder |
-
2023
- 2023-09-19 CN CN202311207738.0A patent/CN117123777A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5034186A (en) * | 1985-11-20 | 1991-07-23 | Permelec Electrode Ltd. | Process for providing titanium composite having a porous surface |
| US4758272A (en) * | 1987-05-27 | 1988-07-19 | Corning Glass Works | Porous metal bodies |
| CN101948964A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-19 | 大连理工大学 | Method for preparing biomedical porous titanium and titanium alloy material |
| CN104073670A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-10-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for synthesizing energy absorbing material porous titanium through powder sintering |
| CN104357700A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-02-18 | 东北大学 | Porous titanium and preparing method thereof |
| CN108624782A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2018-10-09 | 江苏展钛科技有限公司 | A method of preparing biological titanium alloy |
| CN107164781A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-09-15 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | A kind of method for preparing purification ultrafine titanium powder |
| CN112247139A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-22 | 郑州大学 | A kind of method for reducing oxygen content of fine titanium powder |
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