CN117265737A - A breathable antibacterial fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of clothing fabrics and discloses a breathable and antibacterial fabric, which is formed by spinning polyurethane type polyester fibers and quaternary ammonium salt type ramie fibers into yarns, weaving the yarns into grey cloth, performing desizing and refining treatment, padding with clear water, shaping and drying to obtain a fabric layer, finally placing the fabric layer in a soft finishing agent, performing full oscillation padding and drying to obtain the breathable and antibacterial fabric.

Description

A breathable antibacterial fabric

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of clothing fabrics, and in particular to a breathable antibacterial fabric.

Background technique

With the improvement of people's living standards, people have higher and higher requirements for clothing fabrics. Polyester fabrics are widely used in underwear, wedding dresses, evening dresses because of their excellent elasticity, wrinkle resistance, shape retention and durability. , sportswear and other clothing, but the rigid benzene ring contained in the polyester molecule makes the molecular chain easy to maintain a linear shape, causing the polyester fabric to feel hard and have a poor touch. To address this problem, an invention patent with the publication number CN103556494B has disclosed a A kind of durable and easy-care fine-denier hollow polyester imitation silk woven product. A polyester polyether silicone ternary copolymer hydrophilic softening finishing agent is added to the post-treatment liquid, and the polysiloxane segments are used to give the knitted fabric Better softness, therefore, using softening finishing agents to soften polyester has gradually become a more common method.

In summer, the weather is relatively hot. When people exercise, the comfortable microclimate environment between the skin and clothes is destroyed, and it is easy to sweat profusely, causing the sweat to stick to the surface of the skin, causing a sticky feeling. Temperature provides a favorable environment for the reproduction of bacteria, causing bacteria to multiply and produce odor. However, polyester has poor hygroscopicity. Except for the hydroxyl groups at both ends, there are no other polar groups in its molecules, so it is difficult to absorb sweat. , and the breathability of polyester is also poor, which will make it difficult for the sweat remaining on the skin surface to evaporate quickly into the air, resulting in a poor wearing experience. Therefore, improving the performance of polyester fabrics has become a very important issue at present. research direction.

The invention patent with publication number CN110983585B discloses a production process for outdoor sports knitted fabrics. Through a series of weaving processes, the woven fabrics are meshed, which enhances the breathability of the fabrics and improves the problem of poor moisture absorption and moisture dissipation effects of traditional polyester. , and use moisture-wicking finishing agents in the post-finishing process to further improve the moisture-wicking performance of the fabric, but this only solves the problem of poor moisture-wicking performance of polyester fabrics, and fails to solve the problem of bacterial growth caused by sweat residue. Improvement. Based on this, the present invention provides a breathable antibacterial fabric. By modifying the fibers in the fabric, it not only improves the moisture absorption and perspiration performance of the fabric, but also effectively improves its antibacterial performance, which has the effect of improving the comfort of clothing fabrics. Significance.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a breathable antibacterial fabric that solves the following technical problems:

(1) Solve the problem of poor moisture absorption and perspiration performance of polyester fabrics due to poor moisture absorption and air permeability;

(2) Solve the problem of poor antibacterial performance of polyester fabrics.

The object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A breathable antibacterial fabric. The preparation method of the fabric includes the following steps:

Step 1: Spun 70-80 parts by weight of urethane-type polyester fiber and 20-30 parts by weight of quaternary ammonium salt-type ramie fiber into yarn using a spinning machine, and then feed them into a weaving machine for weaving to form a gray cloth;

Step 2: Use a high-pressure jet overflow machine to desizing and refining the gray fabric;

Step 3: The treated gray fabric is first padded with clean water, and then subjected to shaping and drying treatment to obtain the fabric layer;

Step 4: Place the fabric layer in the softening finishing agent, fully vibrate and pad, perform soft finishing, and dry to obtain a breathable antibacterial fabric.

Further preferably, in step one, the preparation method of the urethane polyester fiber includes the following steps:

S1: Place the polyester fiber in a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 5-6%, treat it with alkali in a water bath at 80-90°C for 50-60 minutes, then filter, wash until neutral, and dry;

S2: Mix the alkali-treated polyester fiber and 1,4-dioxane, then add hexamethylene diisocyanate and catalyst, stir evenly, raise the temperature to 60-70°C, react for 4-6 hours, and the reaction is completed Afterwards, the solvent is distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain urethane polyester fiber.

Further preferably, in step S2, the catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate.

In the above technical solution, when the polyester fiber is treated with alkali, the ester groups on the surface will be hydrolyzed to produce active hydroxyl groups. Under the catalytic action of dibutyltin dilaurate, the active hydroxyl groups can be combined with the hexamethylene diisocyanate structure. The isocyanate group undergoes a cross-linking reaction to produce urethane-type polyester fiber.

Further preferably, in step one, the preparation method of the quaternary ammonium salt type ramie fiber includes the following steps:

A: Place the ramie fiber in a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 10-20%, treat it with alkali at room temperature for 1-2 hours, then filter, wash until neutral, and dry;

B: Mix the alkali-treated ramie fiber and ethanol, raise the temperature to 60-70°C, then add epichlorohydrin and an acid-binding agent, react for 2-3 hours, wash and dry to obtain modified ramie fiber;

C: Place the modified ramie fiber in ethanol, add quaternizing reagent, insulate and react at 50-60°C for 4-5 hours, adjust the pH to 6-7 with glacial acetic acid, continue the reaction for 4-6 hours, and remove the solvent , washed and dried to obtain quaternary ammonium salt type ramie fiber.

Further preferably, in step B, the acid binding agent is either pyridine or triethylamine.

Further preferably, in step C, the quaternization reagent is any one of N,N-dimethyln-octylamine or N,N-dimethyldecylamine.

In the above technical solution, the hydroxyl groups generated on the surface of the ramie fiber after alkali treatment will undergo a substitution reaction with the halogen functional group in epichlorohydrin, and the epoxy group will be introduced into the structure of the ramie fiber to obtain modified ramie fiber, and then its structure The epoxy group in the fiber undergoes a quaternization reaction with a quaternization reagent to obtain quaternary ammonium salt type ramie fiber.

Further preferably, in step two, the temperature of the desizing and refining treatment is 100-120°C, and the time is 30-40 minutes.

Further preferably, in step four, the softening finishing agent is any one of silicone oil or amino silicone oil.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The urethane type polyester fiber prepared by the invention contains a large number of hydrophilic urethane groups, which changes the problem of few polar groups in the polyester molecules and effectively improves the hydrophilicity of the polyester fiber. After the human body discharges sweat, Polyester fiber will absorb sweat on its surface, while the ramie fiber structure has groove-like cavities and more pores in the tube wall, so it has better air permeability. The sweat adsorbed on the surface of the polyester fiber can discharge the sweat through the pores of the ramie fiber. Thereby the sweat evaporates out, making the fabric have the effect of moisture absorption and perspiration, thus keeping the skin surface dry and improving the comfort of the fabric. In addition, the prepared quaternary ammonium salt type ramie fiber is positively charged, and various types of bacteria usually show Negative electricity, the combination of the two will cause the cell membrane of bacteria to rupture and inhibit their proliferation, thereby effectively improving the antibacterial performance of the fabric, avoiding bacterial breeding problems caused by sweat remaining on the skin surface, and reducing the generation of odor.

Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all the above-mentioned advantages at the same time.

Description of the drawings

In order to explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the drawings needed to describe the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.

Figure 1 is an infrared spectrum of polyester fiber and urethane type polyester fiber in Example 1 of the present invention.

Figure 2 is an infrared spectrum of ramie fiber and quaternary ammonium salt type ramie fiber in Example 1 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Example 1

1. Preparation of urethane polyester fiber

S1: Place 5g polyester fiber in 120mL sodium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 5%, treat it with alkali in a water bath at 80°C for 50 minutes, then filter, wash until neutral, and dry;

S2: Mix 2.6g of alkali-treated polyester fiber and 60mL of 1,4-dioxane, then add 8.3g of hexamethylene diisocyanate and 0.2g of dibutyltin dilaurate, stir evenly, and raise the temperature to 60°C, react for 5 hours. After the reaction is completed, the solvent is distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain urethane polyester fiber.

The Fourier transform infrared spectrometer of Nicolet Company of the United States was used to conduct infrared characterization of polyester fiber and urethane polyester fiber. The wave number range is 4000-500cm ^-1 . The results are shown in Figure 1. The urethane polyester fiber is at 3318cm ^-1 The characteristic absorption peak of NH appears, the characteristic absorption peak of CH in methylene appears at 2894cm ^-1 , and the characteristic absorption peak of C=0 appears at 1710cm ^-1 , indicating that the hydroxyl and hexamethylene diisocyanate in the polyester fiber The isocyanate groups in the structure reacted.

2. Preparation of quaternary ammonium salt type ramie fiber

A: Place 3g of ramie fiber in 95mL of 10% sodium hydroxide solution, treat it with alkali at room temperature for 2 hours, then filter, wash until neutral, and dry;

B: Mix 1.8g alkali-treated ramie fiber and 20mL ethanol, raise the temperature to 60°C, then add 3.2g epichlorohydrin and 0.5g pyridine, react for 3 hours, wash and dry to obtain modified ramie fiber;

C: Place 0.6g of modified ramie fiber in 30mL of ethanol, add 2.2g of N,N-dimethyldecylamine, incubate at 60°C for 5h, adjust the pH to 6 with glacial acetic acid, and continue the reaction for 4h. After removing the solvent, washing and drying are performed to obtain quaternary ammonium salt type ramie fiber.

The infrared characterization of ramie fiber and quaternary ammonium salt type ramie fiber is shown in Figure 2. The characteristic absorption peak of CH in the methyl group appears at 2942cm ^-1 in the quaternary ammonium salt type ramie fiber and methylene appears at 2907cm ^-1 The characteristic absorption peak of CH in the base and the characteristic absorption peak of quaternary ammonium salt appear at 1465cm ^-1 , indicating that the quaternization reaction between the epoxy group in the modified ramie fiber and N,N-dimethyldecylamine has occurred.

3. Preparation of breathable antibacterial fabrics

Step 1: Spun 70 parts by weight of urethane-type polyester fiber and 20 parts by weight of quaternary ammonium salt-type ramie fiber into yarn using a spinning machine, and then feed them into a weaving machine for weaving to form a gray cloth;

Step 2: Use a high-pressure jet overflow machine to desizing and refining the gray fabric at a temperature of 100°C for 30 minutes;

Step 3: The treated gray fabric is first padded with clean water, and then subjected to shaping and drying treatment to obtain the fabric layer;

Step 4: Place the fabric layer in amino silicone oil, fully oscillate and pad, perform soft finishing, and dry to obtain a breathable antibacterial fabric.

Example 2

Step 1: Spun 75 parts by weight of urethane type polyester fiber and 25 parts by weight of quaternary ammonium salt type ramie fiber into yarn using a spinning machine, and then feed them into a weaving machine for weaving to form a gray cloth;

Step 2: Use a high-pressure jet overflow machine to desizing and refining the gray fabric at a temperature of 110°C for 35 minutes;

Step 3: The treated gray fabric is first padded with clean water, and then subjected to shaping and drying treatment to obtain the fabric layer;

Step 4: Place the fabric layer in amino silicone oil, fully oscillate and pad, perform soft finishing, and dry to obtain a breathable antibacterial fabric.

Example 3

Step 1: Spun 80 parts by weight of urethane-type polyester fiber and 30 parts by weight of quaternary ammonium salt-type ramie fiber into yarn using a spinning machine, and then feed them into a weaving machine for weaving to form a gray cloth;

Step 2: Use a high-pressure jet overflow machine to desizing and refining the gray fabric at a temperature of 120°C for 40 minutes;

Step 3: The treated gray fabric is first padded with clean water, and then subjected to shaping and drying treatment to obtain the fabric layer;

Step 4: Place the fabric layer in amino silicone oil, fully oscillate and pad, perform soft finishing, and dry to obtain a breathable antibacterial fabric.

Comparative example 1

Step 1: Use a spinning machine to spin 80 parts by weight of urethane polyester fiber into yarn, and then feed it into a weaving machine for weaving to form a gray cloth;

Step 2: Use a high-pressure jet overflow machine to desizing and refining the gray fabric at a temperature of 120°C for 40 minutes;

Step 3: The treated gray fabric is first padded with clean water, and then subjected to shaping and drying treatment to obtain the fabric layer;

Step 4: Place the fabric layer in amino silicone oil, fully oscillate and pad, perform soft finishing, and dry to obtain a breathable antibacterial fabric.

The preparation method of urethane polyester fiber is the same as in Example 1.

Comparative example 2

Step 1: Spun 80 parts by weight of polyester fiber and 30 parts by weight of quaternary ammonium salt type ramie fiber into yarn using a spinning machine, and then feed them into a weaving machine for weaving to form gray cloth;

Step 2: Use a high-pressure jet overflow machine to desizing and refining the gray fabric at a temperature of 120°C for 40 minutes;

Step 3: The treated gray fabric is first padded with clean water, and then subjected to shaping and drying treatment to obtain the fabric layer;

Step 4: Place the fabric layer in amino silicone oil, fully oscillate and pad, perform soft finishing, and dry to obtain a breathable antibacterial fabric.

The preparation method of quaternary ammonium salt type ramie fiber is the same as in Example 1.

Comparative example 3

Step 1: Spun 80 parts by weight of polyester fiber and 30 parts by weight of ramie fiber into yarn using a spinning machine, and then feed them into a weaving machine for weaving to form gray cloth;

Step 2: Use a high-pressure jet overflow machine to desizing and refining the gray fabric at a temperature of 120°C for 40 minutes;

Step 3: The treated gray fabric is first padded with clean water, and then subjected to shaping and drying treatment to obtain the fabric layer;

Step 4: Place the fabric layer in amino silicone oil, fully oscillate and pad, perform soft finishing, and dry to obtain a breathable antibacterial fabric.

Comparative example 4

Step 1: Use a spinning machine to spin 80 parts by weight of polyester fiber into yarn, and then feed it into a weaving machine for weaving to form a gray cloth;

Step 2: Use a high-pressure jet overflow machine to desizing and refining the gray fabric at a temperature of 120°C for 40 minutes;

Step 3: The treated gray fabric is first padded with clean water, and then subjected to shaping and drying treatment to obtain the fabric layer;

Step 4: Place the fabric layer in amino silicone oil, fully oscillate and pad, perform soft finishing, and dry to obtain a breathable antibacterial fabric.

Performance testing

①. Test the hygroscopicity of fabrics

The fabrics prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were cut into samples that met the specifications. Refer to the national standard GB/T 21655.1-2008 "Evaluation of moisture absorption and quick-drying properties of textiles - Part 1: Individual combinations" Test the water absorption rate of the sample according to the "Test Method". The test results are shown in the table below:

Group Water absorption (%) Example 1 265.8 Example 2 269.3 Example 3 263.4 Comparative example 1 248.6 Comparative example 2 141.2 Comparative example 3 137.8 Comparative example 4 124.1

It can be seen from the data in the above table that the fabrics prepared in Examples 1 to 3 are all added with urethane-type polyester fibers, so the water absorption rate is higher, indicating that the fabrics have better hygroscopicity. The fabrics prepared in Comparative Example 1 are also added with a large amount of hydrophilic fibers. Urethane-type polyester fiber with sexual groups, so the hygroscopicity is also better. However, the fabrics prepared in Comparative Examples 2 to 4 did not carry out hydrophilic modification of the polyester fiber, so the hygroscopicity of the fabric was poor and the water absorption was poor. The rate is also lower.

② Test the breathability of the fabric

The fabrics prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were cut into samples that met the specifications, and the air permeability of the samples was tested with reference to the national standard GB/T 5453-1997 "Determination of Air Permeability of Textile Fabrics" , the pressurizing pressure is 100Pa, the temperature is 20°C, and the relative humidity is 65%. The test results are shown in the table below:

Group Air permeability (mm/s) Example 1 923.6 Example 2 926.4 Example 3 919.1 Comparative example 1 693.8 Comparative example 2 895.2 Comparative example 3 864.5 Comparative example 4 670.6

It can be seen from the data in the above table that the fabrics prepared in Examples 1 to 3 have higher air permeability and therefore have good air permeability. The fabrics prepared in Comparative Examples 2 and 3 have slightly lower air permeability than those in Examples 1 to 3. , because breathable ramie fiber is added during the preparation process of the fabric, the breathability of the fabric is slightly better. However, the fabrics prepared in Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 4 have low air permeability because no ramie fiber is added, so the breathability is low. Poor sex.

③. Test the antibacterial properties of fabrics

The fabrics prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were cut into samples that met the specifications, and tested with reference to the national standard GB/T 20944.3-2008 "Evaluation of Antibacterial Performance of Textiles Part 3: Oscillation Method" For the antibacterial properties of the sample, Staphylococcus aureus was selected as the test strain. The test results are shown in the table below:

Group Antibacterial rate (%) Example 1 97.8 Example 2 98.6 Example 3 98.2 Comparative example 1 76.9 Comparative example 2 91.3 Comparative example 3 73.9 Comparative example 4 68.4

It can be seen from the data in the above table that the fabrics prepared in Examples 1 to 3 all show excellent antibacterial properties due to the addition of quaternary ammonium salt type ramie fibers. The antibacterial rate of the fabrics prepared in Comparative Example 2 is slightly higher than that in Examples 1 to 3. Low, because the quaternary ammonium salt type ramie fiber was added to the fabric preparation process, the antibacterial performance is relatively good, while the fabrics prepared in Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4 did not add the quaternary ammonium salt type ramie fiber. , the antibacterial rate is low and the antibacterial performance is poor.

In the description of this specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "specific examples," or "some examples" or the like means that specific features are described in connection with the embodiment or example. , structures, materials or features are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification unless they are inconsistent with each other.

The above contents are only examples and explanations of the concept of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or substitute them in similar ways, as long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention. or beyond the scope defined by the claims, shall belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A breathable antibacterial fabric, characterized in that the preparation method of the fabric includes the following steps: Step 1: Spun 70-80 parts by weight of urethane-type polyester fiber and 20-30 parts by weight of quaternary ammonium salt-type ramie fiber into yarn using a spinning machine, and then feed them into a weaving machine for weaving to form a gray cloth; Step 2: Use a high-pressure jet overflow machine to desizing and refining the gray fabric; Step 3: The treated gray fabric is first padded with clean water, and then subjected to shaping and drying treatment to obtain the fabric layer; Step 4: Place the fabric layer in the softening finishing agent, fully vibrate and pad, perform soft finishing, and dry to obtain a breathable antibacterial fabric. 2. A breathable antibacterial fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that in step one, the preparation method of the urethane polyester fiber includes the following steps: S1: Place the polyester fiber in a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 5-6%, treat it with alkali in a water bath at 80-90°C for 50-60 minutes, then filter, wash until neutral, and dry; S2: Mix the alkali-treated polyester fiber and 1,4-dioxane, then add hexamethylene diisocyanate and catalyst, stir evenly, raise the temperature to 60-70°C, react for 4-6 hours, and the reaction is completed Afterwards, the solvent is distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain urethane polyester fiber. 3. A breathable antibacterial fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that in step S2, the catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate. 4. A kind of breathable antibacterial fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step one, the preparation method of the quaternary ammonium salt type ramie fiber includes the following steps: A: Place the ramie fiber in a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 10-20%, treat it with alkali at room temperature for 1-2 hours, then filter, wash until neutral, and dry; B: Mix the alkali-treated ramie fiber and ethanol, raise the temperature to 60-70°C, then add epichlorohydrin and an acid-binding agent, react for 2-3 hours, wash and dry to obtain modified ramie fiber; C: Place the modified ramie fiber in ethanol, add quaternizing reagent, insulate and react at 50-60°C for 4-5 hours, adjust the pH to 6-7 with glacial acetic acid, continue the reaction for 4-6 hours, and remove the solvent , washed and dried to obtain quaternary ammonium salt type ramie fiber. 5. A breathable antibacterial fabric according to claim 4, characterized in that in step B, the acid binding agent is any one of pyridine or triethylamine. 6. A breathable antibacterial fabric according to claim 4, characterized in that in step C, the quaternization reagent is N,N-dimethyln-octylamine or N,N-dimethyldecylamine. any of them. 7. A breathable antibacterial fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that in step two, the temperature of the desizing and refining treatment is 100-120°C and the time is 30-40 minutes. 8. A breathable antibacterial fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that in step four, the softening finishing agent is any one of silicone oil or amino silicone oil.