CN117461923A - Highly moisture-permeable protective clothing and preparation process - Google Patents
Highly moisture-permeable protective clothing and preparation process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a high-moisture-penetrability protective garment and a preparation process thereof, and relates to the field of protective garments, wherein the protective garment comprises a functional layer, a fabric layer, a moisture-penetrability layer and a moisture-penetrability modified layer penetrating the fabric layer and the moisture-penetrability layer; the moisture permeable layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of polyurethane; 0.5-3 parts of hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide; 85-92 parts of solvent; the moisture-permeable modified layer is prepared from the following raw materials: 1-4 parts by weight of dopamine hydrochloride; the volume mass ratio of the dopamine hydrochloride to the dopamine hydrochloride is 1L: (1-4) g of tris buffer; 0.1-1 parts by weight of montmorillonite. The protective clothing has the effect of improving the moisture permeability and the water resistance of the protective clothing.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of protective clothing, in particular to high-moisture-permeability protective clothing and a preparation process thereof.
Background
Protective clothing is clothing which is protective for isolating harmful factors such as germs, harmful dust, radiation and the like, and is widely used in the medical field.
At present, the medical field protective clothing is mainly made of polypropylene non-woven fabrics serving as raw materials, and an antibacterial layer made of antibacterial materials and a waterproof layer made of waterproof materials are matched for use, so that the protective effect on a user in the use process is improved.
However, since the protective clothing often faces a scene of requiring long wearing time when in use, the perspiration amount is large, and the waterproof property and the moisture permeability are difficult to be compatible, the improvement of the moisture permeability is neglected to improve the waterproof property on the premise of ensuring the safety, and the perspiration is difficult to evaporate and discharge out of the protective clothing.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of poor moisture permeability of protective clothing, the application provides high moisture permeability protective clothing and a preparation process thereof.
On the one hand, the high-moisture-permeability protective clothing provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme:
the high-moisture-penetrability protective clothing comprises a functional layer, a fabric layer, a moisture-penetrability layer and a moisture-penetrability modified layer penetrating the fabric layer and the moisture-penetrability layer;
the moisture permeable layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of polyurethane; 0.5-3 parts of hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide; 85-92 parts of solvent;
the moisture-permeable modified layer is prepared from the following raw materials: 1-4 parts by weight of dopamine hydrochloride; the volume mass ratio of the dopamine hydrochloride to the dopamine hydrochloride is 1L: (1-4) g of tris buffer; 0.1-1 parts by weight of montmorillonite.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, on the one hand, adopt polyurethane and the moisture permeability layer that hydrophobic nano silica made, the soft section of polyurethane can be to the outside of protective clothing to the hydrone in the high humidity environment that forms after the inside sweat evaporation of protective clothing owing to its hydrophilicity cooperation hydrophobic nano silica, on the other hand, hydrophobic nano silica's particle structure cooperation is drenched the lamellar structure of montmorillonite in the modified layer and is reduced protective clothing surface energy, in order to ensure protective clothing's waterproof performance, reduce the probability that external water droplet permeated into protective clothing and still improved the moisture permeability, under the combined action of moisture permeability layer and modified layer that drenches, improved protective clothing's waterproof nature and moisture permeability.
Optionally, the moisture permeable layer is prepared and molded by the following steps: and mixing and stirring polyurethane, hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide and a solvent until the polyurethane is dissolved to obtain a moisture-permeable liquid, taking a material used by the fabric layer as a substrate, and carrying out electrostatic spinning by using the moisture-permeable liquid, so that a moisture-permeable layer is formed on the substrate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through adopting electrostatic spinning to take shape polyurethane and hydrophobic nanometer silica on the basement, on the one hand, electrostatic spinning technology has improved the controllability of pore size in the layer that drenches with the fingers, on the other hand, has improved hydrophobic nanometer silica and polyurethane and surface fabric layer bonding effect and the even degree of dispersion, has improved the waterproof nature and the moisture permeability of protective clothing under the combined action.
Optionally, the moisture permeable modified layer is prepared and formed by the following steps: and uniformly mixing dopamine hydrochloride, a tris buffer solution and montmorillonite to obtain a water permeable modifier, soaking the substrate formed with the moisture permeable layer in the water permeable modifier for 3-5h, and airing to form a moisture permeable modified layer on the substrate formed with the moisture permeable layer.
Through adopting the technical scheme, the polydopamine is synthesized by the dopamine hydrochloride and the tris buffer solution, the combination effect of the montmorillonite in the substrate and even the moisture permeable layer is improved, the montmorillonite can be uniformly permeated into fiber pores in the soaking process, and the waterproof property and the moisture permeability of the protective clothing are improved under the combined action of the montmorillonite and the hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide.
Optionally, the water permeable modifier is subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 10-30min in the preparation process.
By adopting the technical scheme, the ultrasonic process improves the stripping degree of the montmorillonite lamellar structure on one hand and improves the dispersion degree of montmorillonite in the water permeable modifier on the other hand.
Optionally, the concentration of the tris buffer is 0.5-2mol/L.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through controlling the concentration of tris buffer, and then make polydopamine and montmorillonite permeate the speed looks adaptation of shaping the basement that has the moisture permeable layer, improved, montmorillonite dispersed even degree and with fibrous bonding effect.
Optionally, the parameters of the electrospinning are as follows: the spinning speed is 0.5-0.7ml/L, the distance between the spinneret and the collector is 12-14cm, and the spinning voltage is 12kV.
By adopting the technical scheme, the aperture and the void ratio between the moisture permeable layer fibers are controlled by controlling the parameters of electrostatic spinning, so that the effects of improving the waterproofness and the moisture permeability of the protective clothing are achieved.
Optionally, the average particle size of the hydrophobic nano-silica is 80-120nm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the aggregation of the hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide is avoided as much as possible by controlling the average particle size of the hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide, so that gaps among fibers are blocked, the surface energy of the surface of the moisture permeable layer is improved, and the waterproofness and the moisture permeability of the protective clothing are improved under the comprehensive action.
Optionally, the fabric layer is made of one or more of polypropylene non-woven fabrics, polyester fabrics, spandex fabrics and nylon fabrics.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through the selection of precoat, on the one hand improved the combination effect of moisture permeable layer and precoat, on the other hand, the acquisition degree of difficulty is low, has reduced raw materials cost.
Optionally, the solvent comprises one or more of tetrahydrofuran, N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide.
By adopting the technical scheme, the solvent is selected, so that the uniformity of the prepared moisture permeable layer is improved, and the spinning quality is improved.
On the other hand, the preparation process of the high-moisture-permeability protective clothing provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme:
a process for preparing the high-moisture-penetrability protective clothing includes such steps as preparing moisture-penetrability layer and modified moisture-penetrability layer, connecting it with functional layer, cutting, and splicing.
By adopting the technical scheme, the fabric layer, the moisture-permeable layer, the modified moisture-permeable layer and the functional layer are adopted, so that the functionality and the waterproofness of the protective clothing are ensured, and the moisture permeability of the protective clothing is improved.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the moisture permeable layer is made of polyurethane and hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide, and the soft section of the polyurethane can convey water molecules in a high-humidity environment formed by evaporating sweat in the protective clothing to the outside of the protective clothing due to the fact that the hydrophilic nature of the soft section of the polyurethane is matched with the hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide, so that the moisture permeability of the protective clothing is improved;
2. the particle structure of the hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide is matched with the lamellar structure of montmorillonite in the moisture-permeable modified layer, so that the surface energy of the surface of the protective clothing can be reduced, the waterproof performance of the protective clothing is ensured, the probability of outside water drops penetrating into the protective clothing is reduced, and the moisture permeability is also improved;
3. the polydopamine is synthesized by the dopamine hydrochloride and the tris buffer solution and is subjected to ultrasound, so that the combination effect of montmorillonite in a substrate and even a moisture permeable layer is improved, the montmorillonite can be uniformly permeated into fiber pores in the soaking process, and the waterproof property and the moisture permeability of the protective clothing are improved under the combined action of the montmorillonite and the hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to examples. The following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The following examples are conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer, and the methods used are conventional methods known in the art, and the consumables and reagents used are commercially available unless otherwise specified. Unless otherwise defined, the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. In addition, any method or material similar or equivalent to those described may be used in the present invention.
The raw materials used in the embodiment can be obtained through market, and the functional layer can be selected according to specific manufacturing requirements and can be a radiation resistant layer, a heat resistant layer, an antibacterial layer and the like.
Example 1
Example 1 a high moisture permeable protective garment was prepared as follows:
firstly, forming a moisture permeable layer, taking 8kg of polyurethane particles, pouring the polyurethane particles into 92kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, stirring until the polyurethane particles are dissolved, adding 0.5kg of hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide with the average particle size of 100nm while stirring, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h after the addition to obtain a moisture permeable liquid; and (3) attaching the polypropylene non-woven fabric serving as a substrate to a roller of a receiver, spinning by using an electrospinning device, wherein the spinning voltage is set to be 12kV, the spinning speed is 0.6ml/L, the distance between a spinneret and a collector is 13cm, the temperature is (25+/-3) DEG C, and the humidity is (40+/-5)%, so as to obtain the polypropylene non-woven fabric with the moisture permeable layer.
Then, forming the moisture permeable modified layer, adding 2kg of dopamine hydrochloride and 0.5kg of montmorillonite into 1mol/L of tris buffer solution to prepare a water permeable modifier with the concentration of dopamine hydrochloride of 2g/L, completely immersing the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer into the water permeable modifier, soaking for 4 hours, taking out, airing until no water drops are generated, and obtaining the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer.
Finally, the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer is subjected to hot melt adhesion with the antibacterial layer, and then is cut and spliced to prepare the high moisture permeable protective clothing.
Example 2
Example 2 a high moisture permeable protective garment was prepared as follows:
firstly, forming a moisture permeable layer, taking 10kg of polyurethane particles, pouring the polyurethane particles into 88kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, stirring until the polyurethane particles are dissolved, adding 2kg of hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide with the average particle size of 100nm while stirring, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h after the addition to obtain a moisture permeable liquid; and (3) attaching the polypropylene non-woven fabric serving as a substrate to a roller of a receiver, spinning by using an electrospinning device, wherein the spinning voltage is set to be 12kV, the spinning speed is 0.6ml/L, the distance between a spinneret and a collector is 13cm, the temperature is (25+/-3) DEG C, and the humidity is (40+/-5)%, so as to obtain the polypropylene non-woven fabric with the moisture permeable layer.
Then, forming the moisture permeable modified layer, adding 2kg of dopamine hydrochloride and 0.5kg of montmorillonite into 1mol/L of tris buffer solution to prepare a water permeable modifier with the concentration of dopamine hydrochloride of 2g/L, completely immersing the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer into the water permeable modifier, soaking for 4 hours, taking out, airing until no water drops are generated, and obtaining the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer.
Finally, the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer is subjected to hot melt adhesion with the antibacterial layer, and then is cut and spliced to prepare the high moisture permeable protective clothing.
Example 3
Example 3 a high moisture permeable protective garment was prepared as follows:
firstly, forming a moisture permeable layer, taking 12kg of polyurethane particles, pouring the polyurethane particles into 85kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, stirring until the polyurethane particles are dissolved, adding 3kg of hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide with the average particle size of 100nm while stirring, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h after the addition to obtain a moisture permeable liquid; and (3) attaching the polypropylene non-woven fabric serving as a substrate to a roller of a receiver, spinning by using an electrospinning device, wherein the spinning voltage is set to be 12kV, the spinning speed is 0.6ml/L, the distance between a spinneret and a collector is 13cm, the temperature is (25+/-3) DEG C, and the humidity is (40+/-5)%, so as to obtain the polypropylene non-woven fabric with the moisture permeable layer.
Then, forming the moisture permeable modified layer, adding 2kg of dopamine hydrochloride and 0.5kg of montmorillonite into 1mol/L of tris buffer solution to prepare a water permeable modifier with the concentration of dopamine hydrochloride of 2g/L, completely immersing the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer into the water permeable modifier, soaking for 4 hours, taking out, airing until no water drops are generated, and obtaining the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer.
Finally, the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer is subjected to hot melt adhesion with the antibacterial layer, and then is cut and spliced to prepare the high moisture permeable protective clothing.
Example 4
Example 4 a high moisture vapor transmission protective garment was prepared as follows:
firstly, forming a moisture permeable layer, taking 12kg of polyurethane particles, pouring the polyurethane particles into 85kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, stirring until the polyurethane particles are dissolved, adding 3kg of hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide with the average particle size of 100nm while stirring, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h after the addition to obtain a moisture permeable liquid; and (3) attaching the polypropylene non-woven fabric serving as a substrate to a roller of a receiver, spinning by using an electrospinning device, wherein the spinning voltage is set to be 12kV, the spinning speed is 0.6ml/L, the distance between a spinneret and a collector is 13cm, the temperature is (25+/-3) DEG C, and the humidity is (40+/-5)%, so as to obtain the polypropylene non-woven fabric with the moisture permeable layer.
Then, forming the moisture permeable modified layer, adding 1kg of dopamine hydrochloride and 0.1kg of montmorillonite into 1mol/L of tris buffer solution to prepare a water permeable modifier with the concentration of dopamine hydrochloride of 1g/L, completely immersing the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer into the water permeable modifier, soaking for 4 hours, taking out, airing until no water drops are generated, and obtaining the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer.
Finally, the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer is subjected to hot melt adhesion with the antibacterial layer, and then is cut and spliced to prepare the high moisture permeable protective clothing.
Example 5
Example 5 a high moisture vapor transmission protective garment was prepared as follows:
firstly, forming a moisture permeable layer, taking 12kg of polyurethane particles, pouring the polyurethane particles into 85kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, stirring until the polyurethane particles are dissolved, adding 3kg of hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide with the average particle size of 100nm while stirring, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h after the addition to obtain a moisture permeable liquid; and (3) attaching the polypropylene non-woven fabric serving as a substrate to a roller of a receiver, spinning by using an electrospinning device, wherein the spinning voltage is set to be 12kV, the spinning speed is 0.6ml/L, the distance between a spinneret and a collector is 13cm, the temperature is (25+/-3) DEG C, and the humidity is (40+/-5)%, so as to obtain the polypropylene non-woven fabric with the moisture permeable layer.
Then, forming the moisture permeable modified layer, adding 4kg of dopamine hydrochloride and 1kg of montmorillonite into 1mol/L of tris buffer solution to prepare a water permeable modifier with the dopamine hydrochloride concentration of 4g/L, immersing the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer in the water permeable modifier completely, soaking for 4 hours, taking out, and airing until no water drops are generated, thus obtaining the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer.
Finally, the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer is subjected to hot melt adhesion with the antibacterial layer, and then is cut and spliced to prepare the high moisture permeable protective clothing.
Example 6
Example 6 a high moisture vapor transmission protective garment was prepared as follows:
firstly, forming a moisture permeable layer, taking 12kg of polyurethane particles, pouring the polyurethane particles into 85kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, stirring until the polyurethane particles are dissolved, adding 3kg of hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide with the average particle size of 100nm while stirring, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h after the addition to obtain a moisture permeable liquid; and (3) attaching the polypropylene non-woven fabric serving as a substrate to a roller of a receiver, spinning by using an electrospinning device, wherein the spinning voltage is set to be 12kV, the spinning speed is 0.6ml/L, the distance between a spinneret and a collector is 13cm, the temperature is (25+/-3) DEG C, and the humidity is (40+/-5)%, so as to obtain the polypropylene non-woven fabric with the moisture permeable layer.
Then, forming the moisture permeable modified layer, adding 2kg of dopamine hydrochloride and 0.5kg of montmorillonite into 0.5mol/L of tris buffer solution to prepare a water permeable modifier with the concentration of dopamine hydrochloride of 2g/L, completely immersing the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer in the water permeable modifier, soaking for 4 hours, taking out, airing until no water drops are generated, and obtaining the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer.
Finally, the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer is subjected to hot melt adhesion with the antibacterial layer, and then is cut and spliced to prepare the high moisture permeable protective clothing.
Example 7
Example 7 a high moisture vapor transmission protective garment was prepared as follows:
firstly, forming a moisture permeable layer, taking 12kg of polyurethane particles, pouring the polyurethane particles into 85kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, stirring until the polyurethane particles are dissolved, adding 3kg of hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide with the average particle size of 100nm while stirring, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h after the addition to obtain a moisture permeable liquid; and (3) attaching the polypropylene non-woven fabric serving as a substrate to a roller of a receiver, spinning by using an electrospinning device, wherein the spinning voltage is set to be 12kV, the spinning speed is 0.6ml/L, the distance between a spinneret and a collector is 13cm, the temperature is (25+/-3) DEG C, and the humidity is (40+/-5)%, so as to obtain the polypropylene non-woven fabric with the moisture permeable layer.
Then, forming the moisture permeable modified layer, adding 2kg of dopamine hydrochloride and 0.5kg of montmorillonite into 2mol/L of tris buffer solution to prepare a water permeable modifier with the concentration of dopamine hydrochloride being 2g/L, completely immersing the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer into the water permeable modifier, soaking for 4 hours, taking out, airing until no water drops are generated, and obtaining the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer.
Finally, the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer is subjected to hot melt adhesion with the antibacterial layer, and then is cut and spliced to prepare the high moisture permeable protective clothing.
Example 8
Example 8 a high moisture vapor transmission protective garment was prepared as follows:
firstly, forming a moisture permeable layer, taking 12kg of polyurethane particles, pouring the polyurethane particles into 85kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, stirring until the polyurethane particles are dissolved, adding 3kg of hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide with the average particle size of 80nm while stirring, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h after the addition to obtain a moisture permeable liquid; and (3) attaching the polypropylene non-woven fabric serving as a substrate to a roller of a receiver, spinning by using an electrospinning device, wherein the spinning voltage is set to be 12kV, the spinning speed is 0.6ml/L, the distance between a spinneret and a collector is 13cm, the temperature is (25+/-3) DEG C, and the humidity is (40+/-5)%, so as to obtain the polypropylene non-woven fabric with the moisture permeable layer.
Then, forming the moisture permeable modified layer, adding 2kg of dopamine hydrochloride and 0.5kg of montmorillonite into 2mol/L of tris buffer solution to prepare a water permeable modifier with the concentration of dopamine hydrochloride being 2g/L, completely immersing the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer into the water permeable modifier, soaking for 4 hours, taking out, airing until no water drops are generated, and obtaining the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer.
Finally, the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer is subjected to hot melt adhesion with the antibacterial layer, and then is cut and spliced to prepare the high moisture permeable protective clothing.
Example 9
Example 9 a high moisture vapor transmission protective garment was prepared as follows:
firstly, forming a moisture permeable layer, taking 12kg of polyurethane particles, pouring the polyurethane particles into 85kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, stirring until the polyurethane particles are dissolved, adding 3kg of hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide with the average particle size of 120nm while stirring, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h after the addition to obtain a moisture permeable liquid; and (3) attaching the polypropylene non-woven fabric serving as a substrate to a roller of a receiver, spinning by using an electrospinning device, wherein the spinning voltage is set to be 12kV, the spinning speed is 0.6ml/L, the distance between a spinneret and a collector is 13cm, the temperature is (25+/-3) DEG C, and the humidity is (40+/-5)%, so as to obtain the polypropylene non-woven fabric with the moisture permeable layer.
Then, forming the moisture permeable modified layer, adding 2kg of dopamine hydrochloride and 0.5kg of montmorillonite into 2mol/L of tris buffer solution to prepare a water permeable modifier with the concentration of dopamine hydrochloride being 2g/L, completely immersing the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer into the water permeable modifier, soaking for 4 hours, taking out, airing until no water drops are generated, and obtaining the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer.
Finally, the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer is subjected to hot melt adhesion with the antibacterial layer, and then is cut and spliced to prepare the high moisture permeable protective clothing.
Example 10
Example 10 a high moisture vapor transmission protective garment was prepared as follows:
firstly, forming a moisture permeable layer, taking 12kg of polyurethane particles, pouring the polyurethane particles into 85kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, stirring until the polyurethane particles are dissolved, adding 3kg of hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide with the average particle size of 100nm while stirring, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h after the addition to obtain a moisture permeable liquid; and (3) attaching the polypropylene non-woven fabric serving as a substrate to a roller of a receiver, spinning by using an electrospinning device, wherein the spinning voltage is set to be 12kV, the spinning speed is 0.6ml/L, the distance between a spinneret and a collector is 13cm, the temperature is (25+/-3) DEG C, and the humidity is (40+/-5)%, so as to obtain the polypropylene non-woven fabric with the moisture permeable layer.
Then, forming the moisture permeable modified layer, adding 2kg of dopamine hydrochloride and 0.5kg of montmorillonite into 2mol/L of tris buffer solution, uniformly stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10min to prepare the moisture permeable modifier with the dopamine hydrochloride concentration of 2g/L, completely immersing the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer in the moisture permeable modifier, soaking for 4h, taking out, airing until no water drops, and obtaining the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer.
Finally, the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer is subjected to hot melt adhesion with the antibacterial layer, and then is cut and spliced to prepare the high moisture permeable protective clothing.
Example 11
Example 11 a high moisture vapor transmission protective garment was prepared as follows:
firstly, forming a moisture permeable layer, taking 12kg of polyurethane particles, pouring the polyurethane particles into 85kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, stirring until the polyurethane particles are dissolved, adding 3kg of hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide with the average particle size of 100nm while stirring, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h after the addition to obtain a moisture permeable liquid; and (3) attaching the polypropylene non-woven fabric serving as a substrate to a roller of a receiver, spinning by using an electrospinning device, wherein the spinning voltage is set to be 12kV, the spinning speed is 0.6ml/L, the distance between a spinneret and a collector is 13cm, the temperature is (25+/-3) DEG C, and the humidity is (40+/-5)%, so as to obtain the polypropylene non-woven fabric with the moisture permeable layer.
Then, forming the moisture permeable modified layer, adding 2kg of dopamine hydrochloride and 0.5kg of montmorillonite into 2mol/L of tris buffer solution, stirring uniformly, performing ultrasonic treatment for 20min to prepare the moisture permeable modifier with the dopamine hydrochloride concentration of 2g/L, completely immersing the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer in the moisture permeable modifier, soaking for 4h, taking out, airing until no water drops, and obtaining the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer.
Finally, the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer is subjected to hot melt adhesion with the antibacterial layer, and then is cut and spliced to prepare the high moisture permeable protective clothing.
Example 12
Example 12 a high moisture vapor transmission protective garment was prepared as follows:
firstly, forming a moisture permeable layer, taking 12kg of polyurethane particles, pouring the polyurethane particles into 85kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, stirring until the polyurethane particles are dissolved, adding 3kg of hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide with the average particle size of 100nm while stirring, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h after the addition to obtain a moisture permeable liquid; and (3) attaching the polypropylene non-woven fabric serving as a substrate to a roller of a receiver, spinning by using an electrospinning device, wherein the spinning voltage is set to be 12kV, the spinning speed is 0.6ml/L, the distance between a spinneret and a collector is 13cm, the temperature is (25+/-3) DEG C, and the humidity is (40+/-5)%, so as to obtain the polypropylene non-woven fabric with the moisture permeable layer.
Then, forming the moisture permeable modified layer, adding 2kg of dopamine hydrochloride and 0.5kg of montmorillonite into 2mol/L of tris buffer solution, stirring uniformly, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to prepare the moisture permeable modifier with the dopamine hydrochloride concentration of 2g/L, completely immersing the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer in the moisture permeable modifier, soaking for 4h, taking out, airing until no water drops, and obtaining the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer.
Finally, the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer is subjected to hot melt adhesion with the antibacterial layer, and then is cut and spliced to prepare the high moisture permeable protective clothing.
Example 13
Example 13 a high moisture vapor transmission protective garment was prepared as follows:
firstly, forming a moisture permeable layer, taking 12kg of polyurethane particles, pouring the polyurethane particles into 85kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, stirring until the polyurethane particles are dissolved, adding 3kg of hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide with the average particle size of 100nm while stirring, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h after the addition to obtain a moisture permeable liquid; and (3) attaching the polypropylene non-woven fabric serving as a substrate to a roller of a receiver, spinning by using an electrospinning device, wherein the spinning voltage is set to be 12kV, the spinning speed is 0.6ml/L, the distance between a spinneret and a collector is 13cm, the temperature is (25+/-3) DEG C, and the humidity is (40+/-5)%, so as to obtain the polypropylene non-woven fabric with the moisture permeable layer.
Then, forming the moisture permeable modified layer, adding 0.5kg of montmorillonite into 2mol/L of tris buffer solution, stirring uniformly, performing ultrasonic treatment for 20min, adding 2kg of dopamine hydrochloride, stirring uniformly, preparing a water permeable modifier with the concentration of 2g/L of dopamine hydrochloride, immersing the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer in the water permeable modifier completely, soaking for 4h, taking out, airing until no water drops, and obtaining the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer.
Finally, the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer is subjected to hot melt adhesion with the antibacterial layer, and then is cut and spliced to prepare the high moisture permeable protective clothing.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 provides a preparation process of a protective garment with high moisture permeability, which comprises the following steps: firstly, forming a moisture permeable layer, taking 10kg of polyurethane particles, pouring the polyurethane particles into 88kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, stirring until the polyurethane particles are dissolved, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h to obtain a moisture permeable liquid; and (3) attaching the polypropylene non-woven fabric serving as a substrate to a roller of a receiver, spinning by using an electrospinning device, wherein the spinning voltage is set to be 12kV, the spinning speed is 0.6ml/L, the distance between a spinneret and a collector is 13cm, the temperature is (25+/-3) DEG C, and the humidity is (40+/-5)%, so as to obtain the polypropylene non-woven fabric with the moisture permeable layer.
Then, forming the moisture permeable modified layer, adding 2kg of dopamine hydrochloride into 1mol/L of tris buffer solution to prepare a water permeable modifier with the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride being 2g/L, then completely immersing the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer into the water permeable modifier, soaking for 4 hours, taking out, airing until no water drops are generated, and obtaining the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer.
Finally, the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer is subjected to hot melt adhesion with the antibacterial layer, and then is cut and spliced to prepare the high moisture permeable protective clothing.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 provides a preparation process of a protective garment with high moisture permeability, which comprises the following steps: firstly, forming a moisture permeable layer, taking 10kg of polyurethane particles, pouring the polyurethane particles into 88kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, stirring until the polyurethane particles are dissolved, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h to obtain a moisture permeable liquid; and (3) attaching the polypropylene non-woven fabric serving as a substrate to a roller of a receiver, spinning by using an electrospinning device, wherein the spinning voltage is set to be 12kV, the spinning speed is 0.6ml/L, the distance between a spinneret and a collector is 13cm, the temperature is (25+/-3) DEG C, and the humidity is (40+/-5)%, so as to obtain the polypropylene non-woven fabric with the moisture permeable layer.
Then, forming the moisture permeable modified layer, adding 2kg of dopamine hydrochloride and 0.5kg of montmorillonite into 1mol/L of tris buffer solution to prepare a water permeable modifier with the concentration of dopamine hydrochloride of 2g/L, completely immersing the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer into the water permeable modifier, soaking for 4 hours, taking out, airing until no water drops are generated, and obtaining the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer.
Finally, the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer is subjected to hot melt adhesion with the antibacterial layer, and then is cut and spliced to prepare the high moisture permeable protective clothing.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 a high moisture permeable protective garment was prepared as follows:
firstly, forming a moisture permeable layer, taking 10kg of polyurethane particles, pouring the polyurethane particles into 88kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, stirring until the polyurethane particles are dissolved, adding 2kg of hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide with the average particle size of 100nm while stirring, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h after the addition to obtain a moisture permeable liquid; and (3) attaching the polypropylene non-woven fabric serving as a substrate to a roller of a receiver, spinning by using an electrospinning device, wherein the spinning voltage is set to be 12kV, the spinning speed is 0.6ml/L, the distance between a spinneret and a collector is 13cm, the temperature is (25+/-3) DEG C, and the humidity is (40+/-5)%, so as to obtain the polypropylene non-woven fabric with the moisture permeable layer.
Then, forming the moisture permeable modified layer, adding 2kg of dopamine hydrochloride into 1mol/L of tris buffer solution to prepare a water permeable modifier with the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride being 2g/L, then completely immersing the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer into the water permeable modifier, soaking for 4 hours, taking out, airing until no water drops are generated, and obtaining the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer.
Finally, the polypropylene non-woven fabric formed with the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer is subjected to hot melt adhesion with the antibacterial layer, and then is cut and spliced to prepare the high moisture permeable protective clothing.
Test detection
Test detection
The following tests were carried out on the protective clothing with high moisture permeability prepared according to examples 1 to 13 and comparative examples 1 to 3:
(1) High transmittance according to GB/T12704.1-2009Moisture permeability (g/(m) 2 ·24h))。
(2) The hydrostatic pressure (kPa) of the high moisture permeability protective apparel was measured in accordance with GB/T4744-1997.
The test data are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: moisture permeability and water resistance of high moisture permeability protective clothing
The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the experimental data provided in table 1.
The high moisture permeability protective clothing produced in examples 1-3 has a moisture permeability exceeding 7200 g/(m) 2 24 h), the hydrostatic pressure reaches 15kPa or more, indicating that the high moisture permeability protective clothing of examples 1 to 3 has good water repellency and good moisture permeability.
Examples 4 and 5 examined the effect of the concentration of dopamine hydrochloride in tris buffer on the water repellency and moisture permeability of the resulting high moisture permeable protective clothing, with example 2 as a control. Wherein the moisture permeability and hydrostatic pressure of the high moisture permeability type protective clothing manufactured by using example 2 are greater than those of the high moisture permeability type protective clothing manufactured by using examples 4 and 5, it is demonstrated that the manufactured high moisture permeability type protective clothing has good water resistance and moisture permeability by controlling the concentration of dopamine hydrochloride in the tris buffer solution to be 2 g/L.
Examples 6 and 7 examined the effect of the concentration of the tris buffer used on the water repellency and moisture permeability of the resulting high moisture permeable protective clothing, with example 2 as a control. Wherein the moisture permeability and hydrostatic pressure of the high moisture permeability protective clothing manufactured by using example 2 are greater than those of the high moisture permeability protective clothing manufactured by using examples 6 and 7, it is explained that the concentration of the tris buffer has an effect on the moisture permeability and hydrostatic pressure of the manufactured high moisture permeability protective clothing.
Examples 8 and 9 examined the influence of the average particle diameter of the hydrophobic nano silica used on the water repellency and moisture permeability of the resulting high moisture permeability protective clothing, with example 2 as a control. Wherein the moisture permeability and hydrostatic pressure of the high moisture permeability protective clothing manufactured in example 2 are greater than those of the high moisture permeability protective clothing manufactured in examples 8 and 9, indicating that the average particle size of the hydrophobic nano silica is 100nm, which is advantageous for improving the water resistance and moisture permeability of the high moisture permeability protective clothing.
Examples 10 to 12 examined the effect of ultrasound and the duration of ultrasound on the water repellency and moisture permeability of the resulting high moisture-permeable protective clothing when the moisture-permeable modifier was made, with example 2 as a control. Wherein the hydrostatic pressure and the moisture permeability of the high moisture permeability protective clothing prepared by adopting the examples 10-12 are greater than those of the high moisture permeability protective clothing prepared by adopting the example 2, which indicates that the ultrasonic treatment is beneficial to improving the water resistance and the moisture permeability of the high moisture permeability protective clothing when the moisture permeability modifier is prepared; the high moisture-permeable protective clothing produced in example 11 has a hydrostatic pressure and a moisture permeability higher than those produced in examples 10 and 12, indicating a proper ultrasonic duration, and being advantageous for improving the water resistance and moisture permeability of the produced high moisture-permeable protective clothing.
In example 13, the influence of the timing of ultrasonic treatment in the production of the moisture permeability modifier on the water repellency and moisture permeability of the produced high moisture permeability protective clothing was examined by taking example 11 as a control. The high moisture permeability and hydrostatic pressure of the protective clothing of example 13 are greater than those of the protective clothing of example 11, and the ultrasonic treatment is carried out before the polyurethane is added, which is beneficial to improving the waterproof property and moisture permeability of the protective clothing.
Taking example 2 as a comparison, comparative examples 1-3 examine the influence of the presence or absence of hydrophobic nano-silica and montmorillonite on the water resistance and moisture permeability of the prepared high moisture permeability protective clothing, the moisture permeability and hydrostatic pressure of the high moisture permeability protective clothing prepared by example 2 are far greater than those of the high moisture permeability protective clothing prepared by comparative examples 1-3, and it is shown that the simultaneous use of montmorillonite and hydrophobic nano-silica produces synergistic effect, and the water resistance and moisture permeability of the prepared high moisture permeability protective clothing are greatly improved, and the hypothesis is that the lamellar structure of montmorillonite and the nano-particle structure of hydrophobic nano-silica form channels between fiber pores, and the surface energy of the protective clothing surface is reduced, so that the probability of outside water drops adhering to the permeable protective clothing is reduced while the evaporated water molecules are discharged from the channels.
The present embodiment is merely illustrative of the present application and is not intended to be limiting, and those skilled in the art, after having read the present specification, may make modifications to the present embodiment without creative contribution as required, but is protected by patent laws within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A high moisture permeable protective garment comprising a functional layer, characterized in that: the fabric comprises a fabric layer, a moisture permeable layer and a moisture permeable modified layer penetrating the fabric layer and the moisture permeable layer;
the moisture permeable layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of polyurethane; 0.5-3 parts of hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide; 85-92 parts of solvent;
the moisture-permeable modified layer is prepared from the following raw materials: 1-4 parts by weight of dopamine hydrochloride; the volume mass ratio of the dopamine hydrochloride to the dopamine hydrochloride is 1L: (1-4) g of tris buffer; 0.1-1 parts by weight of montmorillonite.
2. The protective garment of claim 1, wherein the garment comprises: the moisture permeable layer is prepared and molded by the following steps: and mixing and stirring polyurethane, hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide and a solvent until the polyurethane is dissolved to obtain a moisture-permeable liquid, taking a material used by the fabric layer as a substrate, and carrying out electrostatic spinning by using the moisture-permeable liquid, so that a moisture-permeable layer is formed on the substrate.
3. The protective garment of claim 2, wherein the garment further comprises: the moisture permeable modified layer is prepared and molded by the following steps: and uniformly mixing dopamine hydrochloride, a tris buffer solution and montmorillonite to obtain a water permeable modifier, soaking the substrate formed with the moisture permeable layer in the water permeable modifier for 3-5h, and airing to form a moisture permeable modified layer on the substrate formed with the moisture permeable layer.
4. The protective garment with high moisture permeability and the preparation process according to claim 3, wherein the protective garment is characterized in that: the water permeable modifier is subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 10-30min in the preparation process.
5. The protective garment with high moisture permeability and the preparation process according to claim 1, wherein the protective garment is characterized in that: the concentration of the tris buffer solution is 0.5-2mol/L.
6. The protective garment with high moisture permeability and the preparation process according to claim 2, wherein the protective garment is characterized in that: the parameters of the electrostatic spinning are as follows: the spinning speed is 0.5-0.7ml/L, the distance between the spinneret and the collector is 12-14cm, and the spinning voltage is 12kV.
7. The protective garment of claim 1, wherein the garment comprises: the average particle size of the hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide is 80-120nm.
8. The protective garment of claim 1, wherein the garment comprises: the fabric layer comprises one or more of polypropylene non-woven fabrics, polyester fabrics, spandex fabrics and nylon fabrics.
9. The protective garment of claim 1, wherein the garment comprises: the solvent comprises one or more of tetrahydrofuran, N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide.
10. A preparation process of a high-moisture-penetrability protective garment is characterized in that: the fabric used for the fabric layer is connected with the functional layer after the moisture permeable layer and the moisture permeable modified layer are prepared, and then is cut and spliced to prepare the high moisture permeable protective clothing according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN119121628A (en) * | 2024-09-13 | 2024-12-13 | 南通恒尚新材料科技有限公司 | Sizing agent for bulletproof material and preparation method and application thereof |
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