CN117626257A - A stainless steel substrate surface strengthening treatment process and its application - Google Patents
A stainless steel substrate surface strengthening treatment process and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN117626257A CN117626257A CN202311212985.XA CN202311212985A CN117626257A CN 117626257 A CN117626257 A CN 117626257A CN 202311212985 A CN202311212985 A CN 202311212985A CN 117626257 A CN117626257 A CN 117626257A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/005—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides comprising a particular metallic binder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
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Abstract
本发明涉及C23C24/00技术领域，具体为一种不锈钢基材表面强化处理工艺及其应用，至少包括以下步骤：至少包括以下步骤：(1)将强化粉体与载体混合后制备强化浆料；(2)将强化浆料喷涂于不锈钢基材表面得到待处理工件；(3)将待处理工件置于工作台上，控制激光输出功率和扫描条件进行激光扫描处理，自然冷却3‑5min后即可小，通过优化强化浆料配方及处理工艺，采用激光渗压实现在不锈钢基材表面形成镍钛合金层，从而提升不锈钢基材的物理性能以使其满足厨具、模具、剪切刀甚至是钢厂轧辊等不同领域的实际应用需求，同时几乎不改变工件尺寸，操作简单，工艺无污染、绿色环保，易于实现工业化生产。The invention relates to the technical field of C23C24/00, specifically a stainless steel substrate surface strengthening treatment process and its application, which at least includes the following steps: (1) mixing the strengthening powder and the carrier to prepare a strengthening slurry; (2) Spray the reinforced slurry on the surface of the stainless steel base material to obtain the workpiece to be processed; (3) Place the workpiece to be processed on the workbench, control the laser output power and scanning conditions for laser scanning processing, and let it cool naturally for 3-5 minutes. Ke Xiao, by optimizing the strengthened slurry formula and processing technology, using laser penetration to form a nickel-titanium alloy layer on the surface of the stainless steel substrate, thereby improving the physical properties of the stainless steel substrate to make it suitable for kitchen utensils, molds, shearing knives and even It meets the practical application requirements in different fields such as steel mill rolls. At the same time, the size of the workpiece is almost not changed, the operation is simple, the process is pollution-free, green and environmentally friendly, and it is easy to realize industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of C23C24/00, in particular to a stainless steel substrate surface strengthening treatment process and application thereof.
Background
The roller way is the main equipment for conveying rolled pieces in a rolling mill, the rolled pieces enter and exit a heating furnace, the work of reciprocating rolling on the rolling mill, conveying to finishing working procedures after rolling and the like is completed by the roller way, the roller is an important part on the rolling mill of the steel mill, and during the rolling process of the steel, the rolling of the steel is realized by utilizing the pressure generated when a pair or a group of rollers roll. The stainless steel is mainly subjected to the influences of dynamic and static loads, abrasion and temperature change during rolling, so that the requirement on materials is high, however, the cost for meeting the requirement on the market is high at present, and the use requirement is met by carrying out surface strengthening on the stainless steel in the prior art.
The surface of the stainless steel type metal material is hardened, and the hardness, the wear resistance, the corrosion resistance and the fatigue resistance of the surface of the metal material are improved by adopting the process technologies of solution heat treatment, electroplating, electric spark and the like conventionally. The solution treatment is to heat the stainless steel metal to 1000 deg.c, maintain the nanometer carbide, chromium compound and other precipitate phase in the metal to dissolve and cool the metal fast via water quenching, air cooling and other steps to raise the stability of the crystal. The hardness after solution heat treatment can reach HRC50-60. However, the process has obvious short plates, and firstly, the processing difficulty is high, and the heating temperature needs to be mastered very accurately to achieve the ideal effect. Secondly, the surface of the stainless steel subjected to solution treatment is easy to be polluted, so that a surface passivation layer is damaged, and the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel is greatly influenced. Thirdly, the processing cost is higher due to high processing energy consumption. The stainless steel electroplating is to pre-plate a layer of copper or nickel after the stainless steel surface is acid-washed and activated to increase the surface adhesion and glossiness, and then to electrolytically plate chromium or other metal plating. The process has complex procedure and long processing time, and mainly generates serious chemical pollution sources. The electric spark surface strengthening technology is to apply high energy electric pulse to the metal surface to produce local overheat, evaporation and ionization to form rich oxide and metal layer, so as to strengthen the hardness and wear resistance of the metal surface. For example, chinese patent application (publication No. CN 116479338A) discloses an alloy steel and a surface strengthening process thereof, in which the service life and fatigue strength of the alloy steel can be obviously improved when the alloy steel after shot blasting is used, and the alloy steel can be regularly swelled due to deposition of electrode materials by surface treatment of electric spark, but the process has low processing efficiency, and is easy to generate metamorphic layers and even microcracks, and is mainly applied to processing of small workpieces and surfaces with complex shapes.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the method can carry out surface strengthening treatment on the stainless steel base material by optimizing the formula of the strengthening slurry and the treatment process, so that the stainless steel base material meets the actual application requirements of rollers in a steel mill, improves the production efficiency, prolongs the service life, reduces the comprehensive production cost and has extremely high application and popularization values.
In one aspect, the invention provides a stainless steel substrate surface strengthening treatment process, which at least comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing the reinforced powder with a carrier to prepare reinforced slurry;
(2) Spraying the reinforced slurry on the surface of the stainless steel base material to obtain a workpiece to be treated;
(3) Placing the workpiece to be processed on a workbench, controlling laser output power and scanning conditions to perform laser scanning treatment, and naturally cooling for 3-5 min.
The preparation process provided by the invention adopts laser infiltration compaction to form the nickel-titanium alloy layer on the surface of the prior stainless steel substrate, thereby improving the physical properties of the stainless steel substrate so as to meet the actual application requirements of different fields such as kitchen ware, dies, shearing knives and even rollers of steel factories, and the like, and has the advantages of almost no change of workpiece size, simple operation, no pollution of the process, environmental protection and easy realization of industrial production.
As a preferable technical scheme, the strengthening powder at least comprises nano carbide, nano alloy powder and nano oxide powder, wherein the particle size of the nano carbide, the nano alloy powder and the nano oxide powder is 50-100nm, preferably 50nm.
Preferably, the reinforcing powder comprises, in mass percent: the balance of nano carbide, 25-35% of nano alloy powder and 1-5% of nano oxide powder.
Preferably, the nano carbide is at least one selected from nano titanium carbide, nano boron carbide, nano molybdenum carbide, nano niobium carbide, nano zirconium carbide, nano chromium carbide, nano vanadium carbide and nano cerium carbide, and is preferably a combination of nano titanium carbide and nano boron carbide.
Preferably, the nano alloy powder is at least one selected from nano chromium powder, nano nickel powder, nano molybdenum powder and nano cobalt powder, and is preferably a combination of nano chromium powder, nano nickel powder, nano molybdenum powder and nano cobalt powder.
Preferably, the nano oxide powder is at least one selected from nano alumina powder, nano silica powder and nano molybdenum oxide powder, and is preferably nano alumina powder.
The reinforced powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 38-42% of titanium carbide, 28-32% of boron carbide, 6-8% of nano chromium powder, 10-12% of nano nickel powder, 2-4% of nano molybdenum powder, 6-8% of nano cobalt powder and 2% of nano alumina powder.
Most preferably, the reinforcing powder comprises, in mass percent: 40% of titanium carbide, 30% of boron carbide, 7% of nano chromium powder, 11% of nano nickel powder, 3% of nano molybdenum powder, 7% of nano cobalt powder and 2% of nano alumina powder.
Preferably, the carrier is ethanol, and the mass ratio of the strengthening powder to the carrier is 1: (8-15).
Preferably, the spraying amount is 0.2-0.3mm of the stainless steel substrate surface layer.
According to the strengthening treatment process provided by the invention, the strengthening powder is optimized to be the combination of titanium carbide, boron carbide, nano chromium powder, nano nickel powder, nano molybdenum powder, nano cobalt powder and nano alumina powder, the nickel-titanium alloy layer is formed after laser scanning treatment, metallurgical bonding is realized with a stainless steel base material, the high-thickness nickel-titanium alloy layer is formed under the condition of low strengthening powder addition, and the strengthening treatment process has a longer service life under the actual application conditions of high temperature, high extrusion force and high friction force. The inventors analyzed the cause may be: the nano powder generates interaction under the irradiation of high-energy laser beams, permeates the surface layer of the stainless steel substrate in a micro-melting state, forms a remelting area with high thickness after cooling, endows the stainless steel substrate with excellent extrusion resistance, high temperature resistance and friction resistance, and meets the requirements of hardness and wear resistance in practical application.
As a preferred technical scheme, the laser output power is 2000-3000W, preferably 2800-3000W.
As a preferable technical scheme, the scanning conditions are as follows: the scanning light spot of the robot arm is 2X (10-20) mm, the scanning speed of the robot arm is 500-1000mm/min, and the laser focal length of the robot arm is 25-28cm. Preferably, the scanning conditions are: the scanning light spot of the robot arm is 2X 20mm, the scanning speed of the robot arm is 580-600mm/min, and the laser focal length of the robot arm is 25-26cm.
In the invention, the fiber laser complete set custom-made assembly equipment is adopted to carry out laser scanning treatment on the stainless steel substrate sprayed with the strengthening slurry, so that the combination of strengthening powder and the stainless steel substrate is realized, and the change of the size of the substrate is negligible. The inventor finds that on the basis of optimizing the composition of the reinforced powder, the thickness of the nickel-titanium alloy layer is obviously improved to 0.05-0.15mm by further matching with corresponding laser output power and scanning conditions, the Vickers hardness HV0.2 of the nickel-titanium alloy layer on the laser osmoticum surface is more than 1500, and the nickel-titanium alloy layer has extremely high hardness, wear resistance and extrusion impact resistance. The inventors analyzed the cause may be: under 2800-3000W of high-energy laser beam impact, titanium carbide, boron carbide, nano chromium powder, nano nickel powder, nano molybdenum powder, nano cobalt powder and nano alumina powder are melted and are extruded at high temperature and high pressure to permeate into a stainless steel base material surface to form, and interaction is generated among the powder, lattice filling and crystallization are carried out, so that a nickel-titanium alloy layer with a thicker laser osmoticum surface is formed.
The invention further provides application of the stainless steel substrate surface strengthening treatment process to preparation of a nickel-titanium alloy layer on the stainless steel substrate surface by laser infiltration.
Advantageous effects
1. The invention optimizes the formula of the strengthening slurry and the treatment process, so that the provided treatment process can carry out surface strengthening treatment on the stainless steel base material, thereby meeting the actual application requirements of rollers in steel factories, improving the production efficiency, prolonging the service life, reducing the comprehensive production cost and having extremely high application and popularization values.
2. The preparation process provided by the invention adopts laser infiltration compaction to form the nickel-titanium alloy layer on the surface of the prior stainless steel substrate, thereby improving the physical properties of the stainless steel substrate so as to meet the actual application requirements of different fields such as kitchen ware, dies, shearing knives and even rollers of steel factories, and the like, and has the advantages of almost no change of workpiece size, simple operation, no pollution of the process, environmental protection and easy realization of industrial production.
3. According to the strengthening treatment process provided by the invention, the strengthening powder is optimized to be the combination of titanium carbide, boron carbide, nano chromium powder, nano nickel powder, nano molybdenum powder, nano cobalt powder and nano alumina powder, the nickel-titanium alloy layer is formed after laser scanning treatment, metallurgical bonding is realized with a stainless steel base material, the high-thickness nickel-titanium alloy layer is formed under the condition of low strengthening powder addition, and the strengthening treatment process has a longer service life under the actual application conditions of high temperature, high extrusion force and high friction force.
4. In the invention, the fiber laser complete set custom-made assembly equipment is adopted to carry out laser scanning treatment on the stainless steel substrate sprayed with the strengthening slurry, so that the combination of strengthening powder and the stainless steel substrate is realized, and the change of the size of the substrate is negligible.
5. The surface strengthening treatment process of the stainless steel substrate, provided by the invention, further cooperates with corresponding laser output power and scanning conditions on the basis of optimizing the composition of strengthening powder, remarkably improves the thickness of the nickel-titanium alloy layer to 0.05-0.15mm, ensures that the Vickers hardness HV0.2 of the nickel-titanium alloy layer on the laser osmotically pressed surface is more than 1500, and has extremely high hardness, wear resistance and extrusion impact resistance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a laser infiltrated surface titanium alloy layer formed from a 316 stainless steel substrate treated in accordance with example 1 of the present invention, labeled as laser infiltrated surface titanium alloy layer.
Detailed Description
Example 1
In one aspect, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a surface strengthening treatment process for a stainless steel substrate, which includes the following steps:
(1) Mixing the reinforced powder with a carrier to prepare reinforced slurry;
(2) Spraying the reinforced slurry on the surface of the stainless steel base material to obtain a workpiece to be treated;
(3) And placing the workpiece to be processed on a workbench, controlling laser output power and scanning conditions to perform laser scanning treatment, and naturally cooling for 3 min.
The stainless steel substrate is a 316 stainless steel substrate.
The reinforced powder consists of nano carbide, nano alloy powder and nano oxide powder, and the particle size of the nano carbide, the nano alloy powder and the nano oxide powder is 50nm.
The nano carbide is a combination of nano titanium carbide and nano boron carbide.
The nano alloy powder is a combination of nano chromium powder, nano nickel powder, nano molybdenum powder and nano cobalt powder.
The nano oxide powder is nano alumina powder.
The reinforced powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40% of titanium carbide, 30% of boron carbide, 7% of nano chromium powder, 11% of nano nickel powder, 3% of nano molybdenum powder, 7% of nano cobalt powder and 2% of nano alumina powder.
The carrier is ethanol, and the mass ratio of the reinforced powder to the carrier is 1:12.
the spraying amount is 0.3mm for covering the surface layer of the stainless steel base material.
The laser output power was 3000W.
The scanning conditions are as follows: the scanning light spot of the robot arm is 2X 20mm, the scanning speed of the robot arm is 600mm/min, and the laser focal length of the robot arm is 26cm.
And adopting fiber laser complete set custom-made assembly equipment (from Wohon laser technology Co., ltd.) to carry out laser scanning treatment on the stainless steel substrate sprayed with the reinforced slurry.
In another aspect, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an application of a stainless steel substrate surface strengthening treatment process, which is applied to preparation of a nickel-titanium alloy layer on a stainless steel substrate surface by laser infiltration, wherein the thickness of the nickel-titanium alloy layer on the laser infiltration surface is 0.15mm.
Example 2
The embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a stainless steel substrate surface strengthening treatment process and an application thereof, and a specific embodiment of the present invention is the same as the embodiment 1, wherein the stainless steel substrate is a 304 stainless steel substrate.
Example 3
The embodiment 3 of the invention provides a stainless steel substrate surface strengthening treatment process and application thereof, and the specific implementation mode is the same as the embodiment 1, wherein the strengthening powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 38% of titanium carbide, 32% of boron carbide, 6% of nano chromium powder, 12% of nano nickel powder, 4% of nano molybdenum powder, 6% of nano cobalt powder and 2% of nano alumina powder, wherein the laser output power is 2800W.
Example 4
The embodiment 4 of the invention provides a stainless steel substrate surface strengthening treatment process and application thereof, and the specific implementation mode is the same as the embodiment 1, wherein the strengthening powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 42% of titanium carbide, 28% of boron carbide, 8% of nano chromium powder, 10% of nano nickel powder, 2% of nano molybdenum powder, 8% of nano cobalt powder and 2% of nano alumina powder, wherein the scanning conditions are as follows: the scanning light spot of the robot arm is 2X 20mm, the scanning speed of the robot arm is 580mm/min, and the laser focal length of the robot arm is 25cm.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 of the present invention provides a stainless steel substrate surface strengthening treatment process and application thereof, and the specific embodiment is the same as example 1, wherein the laser output power is 1500W, and the scanning conditions are: the scanning light spot of the robot arm is 2X 10mm, the scanning speed of the robot arm is 400mm/min, and the laser focal length of the robot arm is 20cm.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example 2 of the present invention provides a stainless steel substrate surface strengthening treatment process and application thereof, and a specific embodiment thereof is the same as example 1, wherein the strengthening powder comprises, in mass percent: 30% of titanium carbide, 30% of boron carbide, 8% of nano chromium powder, 12% of nano nickel powder, 4% of nano molybdenum powder, 6% of nano cobalt powder and 10% of nano alumina powder.
Performance test method
(1) Hardness: the WHV-1MDT automatic turret digital display micro Vickers hardness tester is used for testing the Vickers hardness HV0.2 of the nickel-titanium alloy layer on the surface of the laser osmoticum formed after the treatment of the example and the comparative example, and the test results are obtained as an average value of 5 times and recorded in table 1.
(2) The structural characteristics of the nickel-titanium alloy layers on the laser infiltration surfaces formed after the treatment of the examples and the comparative examples were observed by using a DMI8-C Leica metallographic microscope (magnification 100 times) (figure 1), and the depths of the nickel-titanium alloy layers on the laser infiltration surfaces were recorded, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
(3) Service life is as follows: the cold roll prepared by the process provided in example 1 of the present invention produced a cross-over elevator product (J152.4 x 101.6 x 4.78J152.4 x 76.2 x 4.78 total 103.055 tons), tip J160 x 100 x 5, tip J140 x 100 x 5J100 x 50 x 5, F76 x 5, etc. for a total of 1038.127 tons, the surface quality remained good and could be further used.
Claims (10)
1. The stainless steel substrate surface strengthening treatment process is characterized by at least comprising the following steps:
(1) Mixing the reinforced powder with a carrier to prepare reinforced slurry;
(2) Spraying the reinforced slurry on the surface of the stainless steel base material to obtain a workpiece to be treated;
(3) Placing the workpiece to be processed on a workbench, controlling laser output power and scanning conditions to perform laser scanning treatment, and naturally cooling for 3-5 min.
2. The process for strengthening the surface of the stainless steel substrate according to claim 1, wherein the strengthening powder at least comprises nano carbide, nano alloy powder and nano oxide powder, and the particle size of the nano carbide, the nano alloy powder and the nano oxide powder is 50-100nm.
3. The stainless steel substrate surface strengthening treatment process according to claim 2, wherein the strengthening powder comprises, in mass percent: the balance of nano carbide, 25-35% of nano alloy powder and 1-5% of nano oxide powder.
4. A stainless steel substrate surface strengthening treatment process according to claim 3, wherein the nano alloy powder is at least one selected from nano chromium powder, nano nickel powder, nano molybdenum powder and nano cobalt powder.
5. The process for strengthening the surface of a stainless steel substrate according to claim 4, wherein the nano-oxide powder is at least one selected from the group consisting of nano-alumina powder, nano-silica powder and nano-molybdenum oxide powder.
6. The process for strengthening the surface of a stainless steel substrate according to claim 5, wherein the strengthening powder comprises, in mass percent: 38-42% of titanium carbide, 28-32% of boron carbide, 6-8% of nano chromium powder, 10-12% of nano nickel powder, 2-4% of nano molybdenum powder, 6-8% of nano cobalt powder and 2% of nano alumina powder.
7. The stainless steel substrate surface strengthening treatment process according to claim 6, wherein the carrier is ethanol, and the mass ratio of the strengthening powder to the carrier is 1: (8-15).
8. The process according to claim 7, wherein the laser output power is 2000-3000W.
9. The process for strengthening the surface of a stainless steel substrate according to claim 8, wherein the scanning conditions are as follows: the scanning light spot of the robot arm is 2X (10-20) mm, the scanning speed of the robot arm is 500-1000mm/min, and the laser focal length of the robot arm is 25-28cm.
10. Use of a stainless steel substrate surface strengthening treatment process according to any one of claims 1-9, for the preparation of a laser osmotically surfaced nickel-titanium alloy layer on a stainless steel substrate surface.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20040057337A (en) * | 2002-12-26 | 2004-07-02 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | Method of Surface Hardening Heat Treatment for Roller |
| CN102083621A (en) * | 2008-07-29 | 2011-06-01 | Seb公司 | Article with a ceramic coating and method for producing such an article using a laser |
| CN116288339A (en) * | 2023-03-28 | 2023-06-23 | 武汉沃顿激光科技有限公司 | A Surface Hardening Treatment Process by Laser Penetration |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20040057337A (en) * | 2002-12-26 | 2004-07-02 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | Method of Surface Hardening Heat Treatment for Roller |
| CN102083621A (en) * | 2008-07-29 | 2011-06-01 | Seb公司 | Article with a ceramic coating and method for producing such an article using a laser |
| CN116288339A (en) * | 2023-03-28 | 2023-06-23 | 武汉沃顿激光科技有限公司 | A Surface Hardening Treatment Process by Laser Penetration |
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