CN118123718A - Double-layer surface penetration treatment shot peening spraying system and its application method - Google Patents
Double-layer surface penetration treatment shot peening spraying system and its application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN118123718A CN118123718A CN202410114075.6A CN202410114075A CN118123718A CN 118123718 A CN118123718 A CN 118123718A CN 202410114075 A CN202410114075 A CN 202410114075A CN 118123718 A CN118123718 A CN 118123718A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/10—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
- B24C3/18—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants essentially provided with means for moving workpieces into different working positions
- B24C3/20—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants essentially provided with means for moving workpieces into different working positions the work being supported by turntables
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C9/00—Appurtenances of abrasive blasting machines or devices, e.g. working chambers, arrangements for handling used abrasive material
- B24C9/006—Treatment of used abrasive material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/24—Nitriding
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种双层表面渗处理喷丸喷涂系统及其应用方法，包括：渗氮炉、第一、第二筛分机构、喷丸机构、及第一、第二视觉分捡机构，在渗氮炉与第一筛分机构相连，所述喷丸机构包括：罩壳，在罩壳内设置有固定板及三轴夹持台，在固定板上活动设置有进气管，在进气管的前端设置有第一密封环，在固定板上设置有丝杠滑台，在丝杠滑台上滑动卡设有滑动座，在滑动座上设置有两根过渡管，在两根过渡管的前端均连接有喷管，在过渡管上设置有与第一筛分机构相连的进料口，喷丸机构与第二筛分机构相连，第一视觉分捡机构和第二视觉分捡机构均位于第二筛分机构的下方。本发明能够用大小两种粒径的丸粒对工件进行喷涂渗处理，还能对丸粒进行快速分捡。
The present invention discloses a double-layer surface nitriding treatment shot peening spraying system and an application method thereof, comprising: a nitriding furnace, a first and a second screening mechanism, a shot peening mechanism, and a first and a second visual sorting mechanism, wherein the nitriding furnace is connected to the first screening mechanism, and the shot peening mechanism comprises: a housing, a fixed plate and a three-axis clamping table are arranged in the housing, an air inlet pipe is movably arranged on the fixed plate, a first sealing ring is arranged at the front end of the air inlet pipe, a lead screw slide is arranged on the fixed plate, a sliding seat is slidably arranged on the lead screw slide, two transition pipes are arranged on the sliding seat, a nozzle is connected to the front end of the two transition pipes, a feed port connected to the first screening mechanism is arranged on the transition pipe, the shot peening mechanism is connected to the second screening mechanism, and the first visual sorting mechanism and the second visual sorting mechanism are both located below the second screening mechanism. The present invention can use pellets of two sizes to spray and nitrify the workpiece, and can also quickly sort the pellets.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal surface processing, in particular to a double-layer surface treatment shot blasting spraying system and an application method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of industry, the field of metal workpiece use is also becoming more and more widespread, so that higher requirements are put on the performance and service life of the metal workpiece. The performance of the workpiece is generally improved by changing the chemical composition or the tissue structure of the surface of the metal workpiece through chemical, physical and other methods, so that specific use requirements are met. The traditional nitriding treatment is to put a workpiece into a sealed container, pass through flowing ammonia gas and heat the workpiece, keep the temperature for a long time, and then thermally decompose the ammonia gas to generate active nitrogen atoms which are continuously adsorbed on the surface of the workpiece and diffuse into the surface layer of the workpiece, so that the chemical composition and the structure of the surface layer are changed, and the metal workpiece has excellent surface performance. However, conventional nitriding is generally performed in a high-temperature closed environment, and nitriding time is long, and some workpieces are easily subjected to thermal deformation at a high temperature to affect the shape and dimensional accuracy of the workpieces. Meanwhile, the traditional nitriding method cannot meet the requirement of nitriding treatment on some workpieces needing local strengthening, and application of the nitriding process in the aspect of strengthening materials is hindered.
In order to solve the problems, a novel surface cementation treatment process appears on the market, firstly, nitriding treatment is carried out on the pellets, a nitrogen element phase layer is formed on the surfaces of the pellets, then the pellets are sprayed and bombarded on the surfaces of the workpieces through a spraying process, so that the nitrogen element phase layer on the surfaces of the pellets is embedded into the surfaces of the workpieces, and the nitrogen element phase layer is formed on the surfaces of the workpieces, thereby improving the performance and the service life of the workpieces. The process can be completed at low temperature, so that the problems of grain growth, workpiece deformation and the like possibly occurring in the conventional high-temperature nitriding process are avoided, and meanwhile, the shot bombarded on the surface of the workpiece has the polishing effect, so that the grains on the surface of the workpiece are thinned, and the hardness and the yield strength of the surface of the workpiece are effectively improved.
In the use, if the pill with larger grain diameter is selected for the cementation treatment, the pill with large grain diameter can cause deeper nitriding layer to the workpiece, but the surface of the workpiece is rough, the residual compressive stress value and hardness value of the surface of the workpiece are not high enough, if the pill with smaller grain diameter is selected for the cementation treatment, the pill with small grain diameter can reduce the roughness of the surface of the workpiece and improve the residual compressive stress and hardness value of the surface of the workpiece, but the nitriding layer caused to the workpiece is shallow, and the performance of the workpiece can not be effectively improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a double-layer surface-cementation shot blasting spraying system and an application method thereof, which can ensure the smoothness of the surface of a workpiece, obtain a deeper nitriding layer on the surface of the workpiece, and recycle the surface according to the deformation amount and the surface phase layer defect ratio of shot.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a dual layer surface treatment shot peening system comprising: nitriding furnace, first screening mechanism, shot blasting mechanism, second screening mechanism, first vision sorting mechanism and second vision sorting mechanism, first screening mechanism and second screening mechanism's structure are the same, take first screening mechanism as the example: the first screening mechanism includes: the device comprises a base, wherein two vibrating motors are symmetrically arranged on the base, a blanking hopper is arranged between the two vibrating motors, a first inclined screen plate is arranged in the blanking hopper, the mesh aperture of the first inclined screen plate is 52-55 mu m, a first blanking hole is arranged at the bottom of the blanking hopper, a second blanking hole is arranged on the side wall of the blanking hopper and aligned with the lowest end of the first inclined screen plate, electromagnetic valves are arranged on the first blanking hole and the second blanking hole, a first hose is arranged on the discharge end of a nitriding furnace, and the first hose stretches into the blanking hopper of a first sieving mechanism;
The shot blasting mechanism comprises: the device comprises a housing, a fixed plate and a triaxial clamping table are arranged in the housing, a first mounting plate is arranged on the fixed plate, a push-pull cylinder is arranged on the first mounting plate, an air inlet pipe is arranged on the push-pull cylinder, the air inlet pipe is connected with a high-pressure air source through a second hose, a connecting ring is welded on the outer side wall of the front end of the air inlet pipe, a first sealing ring is arranged in the connecting ring, the second mounting plate is arranged on the fixed plate, a screw sliding table is arranged on the second mounting plate, a sliding seat is arranged on the screw sliding table in a sliding manner, two transition pipes are arranged on the sliding seat, second sealing rings which can extend into the connecting ring and are tightly attached to the first sealing ring are clamped at the rear ends of the two transition pipes, spray pipes are connected at the front ends of the two transition pipes, a feed inlet is arranged on the transition pipes, a first blanking hole and a second blanking hole on the first screening mechanism are respectively connected with the feed inlet on the two transition pipes through a second hose, a collecting groove is arranged in the housing below the fixed plate and the triaxial clamping table, a discharging end of the collecting groove is connected with a second screening mechanism through a third hose, and a visual screening mechanism is arranged below the first visual screening mechanism;
The first visual sorting mechanism and the second visual sorting mechanism have the same structure, and take the first visual sorting mechanism as an example: the first vision sorting mechanism includes: the automatic feeding device comprises a rotary station table, wherein a blanking station and a detection station are arranged on the rotary station table, a plurality of flexible vibration disks are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the rotary station table, and a visual detector and a mechanical arm are arranged on the outer side of the detection station.
Further, in the above-mentioned dual-layer surface-treatment shot-blast spraying system, an infrared emitter is arranged at the top of the air inlet pipe, and an infrared receiver is arranged at the top of the transition pipe.
Furthermore, in the above-mentioned dual-layer surface-treatment shot-blasting spraying system, tapered holes which shrink from the outside to the inside and from the large to the small are arranged at both ends of the spray pipe, and the small diameter ends of the two tapered holes are communicated through a straight hole.
Further, in the above-mentioned two-layer surface treatment shot blasting spraying system, a second inclined screen plate is arranged in the material collecting tank, the mesh aperture on the second inclined screen plate is 49 μm, the material discharging end of the material collecting tank is arranged on the side wall of the material collecting tank, the material discharging end is aligned with the lowest end of the second inclined screen plate, and a material discharging electromagnetic valve is arranged on the material discharging end of the material collecting tank.
Further, in the above-mentioned dual-layer surface treatment shot blasting spraying system, an ash removing opening is formed in the material collecting groove below the second inclined screen, an exhaust valve is arranged on the ash removing opening, an exhaust fan is arranged on the exhaust valve, and the exhaust fan is connected with the filtering system.
Further, in the above-described dual-layer surface-treatment shot-blast spraying system, an air flow regulating valve and a flow meter are provided on the air inlet pipe.
The application method of the double-layer surface treatment shot blasting spraying system comprises the following steps:
S1, simultaneously putting large-diameter pellets with the diameter of 130 mu m and small-diameter pellets with the diameter of 50 mu m into a nitriding furnace for nitriding;
S2, enabling the large-diameter pellets and the small-diameter pellets subjected to nitriding to enter a blanking hopper in a first screening mechanism, enabling the small-diameter pellets to fall below the first inclined screen plate through meshes on the first inclined screen plate, and enabling the large-diameter pellets to stay on the first inclined screen plate;
S3, driving the sliding seat to horizontally move, horizontally moving a transition pipe connected with a second blanking hole in the first screening mechanism to a position aligned with the front and rear of the air inlet pipe, then starting the push-pull air cylinder to drive the air inlet pipe to move forwards, enabling a second sealing ring on the transition pipe to extend into the connecting ring to be in sealing fit with the first sealing ring, installing a workpiece to be processed on the triaxial clamping table, conveying high-pressure air to the air inlet pipe by an air source, blowing the high-pressure air to the direction of the workpiece to be processed after passing through the air inlet pipe, the transition pipe and the spray pipe, opening an electromagnetic valve of the second blanking hole in the first screening mechanism, enabling large-diameter pellets to enter the transition pipe, then bombarding the workpiece to be processed along with the high-pressure air, enabling the triaxial clamping table to drive the workpiece to move up and down and left and right, and guaranteeing that the part to be processed by the workpiece to be processed is subjected to surface infiltration treatment, and enabling large-diameter pellets bombarded on the workpiece to be dropped into the collecting tank;
S4, after the first surface infiltration treatment of the workpiece to be processed is completed, the triaxial clamping table brings the workpiece to be processed back to the original position, the electromagnetic valve and the air source on the second blanking hole in the first screening mechanism are closed, the air inlet pipe moves backwards to be separated from the transition pipe connected with the second blanking hole, the sliding seat drives the transition pipe connected with the first blanking hole in the first screening mechanism to move to a position aligned with the front and back of the air inlet pipe, the air inlet pipe moves forwards to be connected with the transition pipe in a sealing manner, the electromagnetic valve on the air source and the first blanking hole are sequentially opened, small-diameter pellets are blown onto the workpiece to be processed, the triaxial clamping table drives the workpiece to be processed to move, the workpiece to be processed is ensured to be subjected to secondary surface infiltration treatment, and the small-diameter pellets bombarded on the workpiece to be processed drop into the collecting tank;
S5, the pellets in the material collecting groove enter a second screening mechanism, the second screening mechanism screens the large-diameter pellets and the small-diameter pellets, and then the large-diameter pellets and the small-diameter pellets fall into flexible vibration discs positioned on a blanking station in the first visual sorting mechanism and the second visual sorting mechanism respectively;
S6, setting a surface phase layer defect proportion threshold and a distortion amount threshold when the pills with the corresponding particle diameters reach the minimum use requirement in the first visual sorting mechanism and the second visual sorting mechanism, rotating a flexible vibration disc at a blanking station to a detection station by a rotating station table, scanning all pills in the flexible vibration disc at the detection station by a visual detector to obtain position information, distortion amount information and surface phase layer defect information of the tops of the pills, comparing the distortion amount information of each pill with the set distortion amount threshold to obtain position information of the pills with the distortion amount higher than the distortion amount threshold, starting a manipulator to grab and convey the pills with the distortion amount higher than the distortion amount threshold into a waste frame according to the corresponding position information, and when the pills with the distortion amount higher than the distortion amount threshold cannot be detected by the visual detector, the deformation amount of the pill retained in the flexible vibration disc is smaller than or equal to the deformation amount threshold value, the manipulator sequentially grabs the pill retained in the flexible vibration disc, then the manipulator drives the pill to move upwards to be close to the visual detector and turn over upwards for 180 degrees, the visual detector focuses on the pill and scans the bottom of the pill to obtain the surface phase layer defect proportion of the bottom of the pill, in the process, the visual detector can adjust out the surface phase layer defect proportion information of the top of the pill according to the position information of the pill, then the surface phase layer defect proportion of the bottom of the pill and the surface phase defect proportion of the top are added to obtain the surface phase defect proportion of the whole pill, when the surface phase defect proportion of the whole pill is larger than the surface phase defect proportion threshold value, the manipulator sends the pill into a reset frame to wait for the subsequent re-nitriding, when the surface phase layer defect proportion of the whole pill is smaller than or equal to the surface phase layer defect proportion threshold value, the manipulator sends the pill into an aggregate frame and then into a first screening mechanism.
Further, in the application method of the above-mentioned dual-layer surface infiltration shot-blasting spraying system, in S3 and S4, when the surface infiltration treatment is performed on the workpiece to be processed, the moving paths and the moving speeds of the workpiece to be processed are the same for two times.
Further, in the above application method of the dual-layer surface infiltration shot-blasting spraying system, in S6, each time the manipulator finishes grabbing, the flexible vibration disc will perform a flexible vibration to rearrange the shot, and the vision detector will scan the shot in the flexible vibration disc again, and the position information, the distortion amount information and the top surface phase layer defect proportion information of all the shot are obtained again.
Further, in the application method of the above-mentioned dual-layer surface infiltration shot-blasting spraying system, in S6, when the amount of distortion is greater than the threshold of distortion, the manipulator preferably grabs the shot whose amount of distortion is closest to the threshold of distortion, and when the amount of distortion is less than or equal to the threshold of distortion, the manipulator preferably grabs the shot whose top has a larger proportion of surface phase layer defects.
The invention has the advantages that: firstly, spraying and infiltrating treatment is carried out on a workpiece by using large-diameter pellets to break an oxide layer on the surface of the workpiece so as to generate a deeper nitriding layer on the surface of the workpiece, then, secondary spraying and infiltrating treatment is carried out on the workpiece by using small-diameter pellets so as to reduce the roughness of the surface of the workpiece and improve the residual compressive stress and hardness value of the surface of the workpiece, and a shallower nitriding layer is added on the surface of the workpiece when the spraying and infiltrating treatment is carried out on the small-diameter pellets so as to improve the thickness of the nitriding layer of the workpiece, so that the workpiece with better performance and higher surface smoothness can be obtained by using the staggered spraying and infiltrating treatment of the large-diameter pellets and the small-diameter pellets; the large-diameter pellets and the small-diameter pellets are simultaneously placed into a nitriding furnace for nitriding treatment, and then are sorted by a first screening mechanism and enter corresponding spray pipes in a shot blasting mechanism for spraying operation, and the structure that one air inlet pipe is arranged in the shot blasting mechanism corresponds to two spray pipes can realize automatic spraying and infiltration treatment effect, and the stations where the two spray pipes are located are consistent during two spraying and infiltration treatment operations, so that the uniformity and consistency of the two spraying and infiltration treatments can be realized; the large-diameter pellets and the small-diameter pellets which are subjected to spray infiltration treatment enter a first visual sorting mechanism and a second visual sorting mechanism respectively, the distortion quantity and the surface phase layer defect proportion of the pellets can be obtained through a visual detector, then the pellets are rapidly sorted by a manipulator according to a set distortion quantity threshold value and a surface phase layer defect proportion threshold value, and the sorting efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual layer surface treatment peening system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the first screening mechanism of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the shot blasting mechanism of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a connection structure between the fixing plate and the air inlet pipe and the nozzle in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the structure in the direction a in fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the nozzle of fig. 3.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the attached drawings and the preferred embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the dual-layer surface-treatment shot-blast spraying system according to the present invention comprises: nitriding furnace 1, first screening mechanism 2, peening mechanism 3, second screening mechanism 4, first vision sorting mechanism 5 and second vision sorting mechanism 6, first screening mechanism 2 and second screening mechanism 4's structure is the same, take first screening mechanism 2 as the example: the first screening mechanism 2 includes: the base 21, be provided with two vibrating motor 22 on the base 21 symmetry, be provided with blanking hopper 23 between two vibrating motor 22, be provided with first oblique otter board 24 in blanking hopper 23, the mesh aperture on the first oblique otter board 24 is 52 mu m ~ 55 mu m, be provided with first blanking hole 231 in the bottom of blanking hopper 23, be provided with second blanking hole 232 on the lateral wall of blanking hopper 23, second blanking hole 232 aligns with the extreme bottom of first oblique otter board 24, all be provided with solenoid valve 25 on first blanking hole 231 and second blanking hole 232, be provided with first hose 11 on the discharge end of nitriding furnace 1, first hose 11 stretches into in the blanking hopper 23 of first screening mechanism 2.
The shot blasting mechanism 3 includes: the housing 31, a fixed plate 32 and a triaxial clamping table 33 are arranged in the housing 31, a first mounting plate 34 is arranged on the fixed plate 32, a push-pull cylinder 341 is arranged on the first mounting plate 34, an air inlet pipe 342 is arranged on the push-pull cylinder 341, the air inlet pipe 342 is connected with a high-pressure air source through a second hose, an air flow regulating valve 343 and a flowmeter 344 are arranged on the air inlet pipe 342, the flow rate of compressed air in the air inlet pipe 342 can be regulated through the air flow regulating valve 343, the flow rate of compressed air in the air inlet pipe 342 can be visually observed through the flowmeter 344, a connecting ring 345 is welded on the outer side wall of the front end of the air inlet pipe 342, a first sealing ring 346 is arranged in the connecting ring 345, an infrared emitter 347 is arranged at the top of the air inlet pipe 342, a second mounting plate 35 is arranged on the fixed plate 32, a screw sliding table 36 is arranged on the second mounting plate 35, a sliding seat 37 is arranged on the screw sliding table 36 in a sliding way, two transition pipes 371 are arranged on the sliding seat 37, a second sealing ring 372 which can extend into the connecting ring 345 and tightly attached to the first sealing ring 346 is arranged at the rear end of the two transition pipes 371, an infrared receiver 373 is arranged at the top of each of the two transition pipes 371, when the screw sliding table 36 drives the sliding seat 37 and the two transition pipes 371 to horizontally move, after the infrared receiver 373 on any one transition pipe 371 receives the infrared rays emitted by the infrared emitter 347, which means that the transition pipe 371 is coaxial with the air inlet pipe 342 forwards and backwards, the push-pull air cylinder 341 drives the air inlet pipe 342 to move forwards, so that the transition pipe 371 can be inserted into the connecting ring 345 of the air inlet pipe 342, the second sealing ring 372 on the transition pipe 371 abuts against the first sealing ring 346 in the connecting ring 345 to form a seal, the front ends of the two transition pipes 371 are connected with the spray pipes 374, the two ends of the spray pipe 374 are respectively provided with tapered holes 3741 which shrink from outside to inside and from large to small, the small diameter ends of the two tapered holes 3741 are communicated through the straight holes 3742, the spray pipe 374 with the structure can enhance the flow velocity of compressed air, improve the blowing effect of the compressed air on pellets, improve the initial velocity of the pellets when the pellets are separated from the spray pipe 374, thereby improving the impact force when the pellets are contacted with a workpiece, the impact force is large enough to generate larger heat between the pellets and the workpiece, so that nitrogen elements on the pellets can be better diffused to the surface of the workpiece, a feed inlet 3711 is arranged on the transition pipe 371, the first blanking hole 231 and the second blanking hole 232 on the first screening mechanism 2 are respectively connected with the feed inlets 3711 on the two transition pipes 371 through the second hose 26, a collecting tank 38 is arranged in the housing 3 below the fixed plate 32 and the triaxial clamping table 33, a second inclined screen 381 is arranged in the collecting tank 38, the mesh aperture of the second inclined screen 381 is 49 mu m, an ash removal opening is arranged on the collecting tank 38 below the second inclined screen 381, an exhaust valve 382 is arranged on the ash removal opening, an exhaust fan 383 is arranged on the exhaust valve 382, the exhaust fan 383 is connected with a filtering system, dust and fragments are generated after the pellets impact on a workpiece, when the pellets fall into the collecting tank 38 together with the dust and fragments, the pellets stay on the second inclined screen 381, dust and fragments can fall to the bottom of the collecting tank 38 through the meshes on the second inclined screen 381, the dust and fragments can be conveyed into the filtering system by opening the exhaust valve 382 and the exhaust fan 383, the discharging end 384 is arranged on the side wall of the collecting tank 38, the discharging end 384 is aligned with the lowest end of the second inclined screen 381, the discharging electromagnetic valve 385 is arranged on the discharging end 384 of the collecting tank 38, the discharging end 384 of the collecting tank 38 is connected with the blanking hopper in the second screening mechanism 4 through the third hose 39, and the first visual sorting mechanism 5 and the second visual sorting mechanism 6 are both positioned below the second screening mechanism 4.
In this embodiment, the three-axis clamping table 33 is a conventional one, and has the main function of clamping the workpiece and then moving the workpiece up and down, left and right, and back and forth, and the main function of adjusting the distance between the workpiece and the nozzle 374 to obtain the optimal spraying distance.
The first visual sorting mechanism 5 and the second visual sorting mechanism 6 are identical in structure, taking the first visual sorting mechanism 5 as an example: the first vision sorting mechanism 5 includes: the rotary station table 51 is provided with a blanking station and a detection station on the rotary station table 51, a plurality of flexible vibration disks 52 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the rotary station table 51, a visual detector 53 and a manipulator 54 are arranged on the outer side of the detection station, an electromagnet is arranged on the manipulator 54, when the pellets are grabbed, the electromagnet on the manipulator 54 is electrified to generate strong magnetic force to adsorb the pellets, a second hose on a first blanking hole in the second screening mechanism 4 is positioned right above the blanking station in the first visual sorting mechanism 5, and a second hose on a second blanking hole in the second screening mechanism 4 is positioned right above the blanking station in the second visual sorting mechanism 6.
The application method of the double-layer surface treatment shot blasting spraying system comprises the following steps:
S1, simultaneously putting large-diameter pellets with the diameter of 130 mu m and small-diameter pellets with the diameter of 50 mu m into a nitriding furnace 1 for nitriding;
S2, large-diameter pellets and small-diameter pellets after nitriding enter a blanking hopper 23 in a first screening mechanism 2 through a first hose 11 on the discharge end of the nitriding furnace 1, the small-diameter pellets fall below the first inclined screen 24 through meshes on the first inclined screen 24, and the large-diameter pellets stay on the first inclined screen 24;
S3, driving a sliding seat 37 to horizontally move by a screw sliding table 36, horizontally moving a transition pipe 371 connected with a second blanking hole 232 in a first screening mechanism 2 to a position aligned with the front and back of an air inlet pipe 342, then starting a push-pull cylinder 341 to drive the air inlet pipe 342 to move forwards, enabling a second sealing ring 372 on the transition pipe 371 to extend into a connecting ring 345 to be in sealing fit with a first sealing ring 346, installing a workpiece to be processed on a three-shaft clamping table 33, conveying high-pressure air to the air inlet pipe 342 by an air source, opening an air flow regulating valve 343 on the air inlet pipe 342, blowing the high-pressure air to the direction of the workpiece to be processed after passing through the air inlet pipe 342, the transition pipe 371 and a spray pipe 374, opening an electromagnetic valve 25 on the second blanking hole 232 in the first screening mechanism 2, enabling large-diameter pellets to enter the transition pipe 371, then bombarding the workpiece to be processed along with the high-pressure air blowing, enabling the part to be processed workpiece to be processed to be left and right moved up and down by the three-shaft clamping table 33, and ensuring that the part to be processed is subjected to surface infiltration treatment, and the large-diameter pellets bombarded on the workpiece to be dropped into a material collecting groove 38;
S4, after the first surface infiltration treatment of the workpiece to be processed is completed, the three-shaft clamping table 33 brings the workpiece to be processed back to the original position, the electromagnetic valve 25 and the airflow regulating valve 343 on the second blanking hole 232 in the first screening mechanism 2 are closed, the push-pull air cylinder 341 drives the air inlet pipe 342 to move backwards and separate from the transition pipe 371 connected with the second blanking hole 232 in the first screening mechanism 2, the screw sliding table 36 drives the sliding seat 37 to move, the transition pipe 371 connected with the first blanking hole 231 in the first screening mechanism 2 moves to a position aligned with the air inlet pipe 342 forwards and backwards, the air inlet pipe 342 moves forwards and is connected with the transition pipe 371 in a sealing manner, the airflow regulating valve 343 and the electromagnetic valve 25 on the first blanking hole 231 are sequentially opened, small-diameter pellets fall into the transition pipe 371 and then are blown onto the workpiece to be processed, the three-shaft clamping table 33 drives the workpiece to move, the part to be processed is ensured to be processed by the second surface infiltration treatment, and the small-diameter pellets bombarded on the workpiece to be processed fall into the material collecting groove 38;
In S3 and S4, when the large-diameter pellets and the small-diameter pellets are subjected to surface infiltration treatment on a workpiece to be processed, the three-shaft clamping table 33 drives the workpiece to be processed to move twice in the same path and at the same speed, so that the positions of the large-diameter pellets and the small-diameter pellets, which are sprayed on the workpiece, are ensured to be consistent, the small-diameter pellets can be more comprehensively covered on the positions of the large-diameter pellets subjected to the infiltration treatment, and the infiltration treatment positions can be more uniformly sprayed;
In S3 and S4, dust and fragments are generated, the suction valve 382 and the suction fan 383 are opened, the suction fan 383 pumps the dust into the filtering system, the fragments pass through the second inclined screen 381 and then fall to the bottom of the material collecting groove 38, the fragments are small in size and light in weight, are easily sucked into the filtering system under the action of the negative pressure of the suction fan 383, and when the large-diameter pellets and the small-diameter pellets fall into the material collecting groove 38, the fragments stay on the second inclined screen 381;
S5, opening a discharging electromagnetic valve 385 on an aggregate tank 38, enabling the pellets in the aggregate tank 38 to enter a blanking hopper of a second screening mechanism 4 through a third hose 39, separating large-diameter pellets from small-diameter pellets by the second screening mechanism 4, opening a first blanking hole in the second screening mechanism 4 and an electromagnetic valve on the second blanking hole, enabling the large-diameter pellets and the small-diameter pellets in the blanking hopper of the second screening mechanism 4 to fall into flexible vibration discs 52 on blanking stations of a first visual sorting mechanism 5 and a second visual sorting mechanism 6 respectively, and enabling the first visual sorting mechanism 5 and the second visual sorting mechanism 6 to sort the large-diameter pellets and the small-diameter pellets respectively;
S6, setting a surface phase layer defect proportion threshold value and a distortion amount threshold value when the pills with the corresponding particle diameters reach the minimum use requirement in the first visual sorting mechanism 5 and the second visual sorting mechanism 6, rotating the flexible vibration disc 52 at the blanking station to the detection station by the rotating station table 51, scanning all pills in the flexible vibration disc 52 at the detection station by the visual detector 53 to obtain position information, distortion amount information and surface phase layer defect information of the top of the pills,
The vision detector 53 compares the distortion amount information of each pellet with a set distortion amount threshold value to obtain the position information of the pellet with the distortion amount higher than the distortion amount threshold value, the manipulator 54 is started to grab and convey the pellet with the distortion amount higher than the distortion amount threshold value into a waste frame according to the corresponding position information, when the vision detector 53 does not detect the pellet with the distortion amount higher than the distortion amount threshold value, the distortion amount of the pellet remained in the flexible vibration disk 52 is smaller than or equal to the distortion amount threshold value, the manipulator 54 sequentially grabs the pellets remained in the flexible vibration disk 52, then the manipulator 54 drives the pellet to move upwards to be close to the vision detector 53 and turn upwards for 180 degrees, the vision detector 53 focuses on the pellet and scans the bottom of the pellet, obtaining the surface phase layer defect proportion of the bottom of the pellet, in the process, the visual detector 53 will adjust out the surface phase layer defect proportion information of the top of the pellet according to the position information of the pellet, then add the surface phase layer defect proportion of the bottom of the pellet and the surface phase layer defect proportion of the top to obtain the surface phase layer defect proportion of the whole pellet, when the surface phase layer defect proportion of the whole pellet is greater than the surface phase layer defect proportion threshold value, the manipulator 54 sends the pellet into a reset frame to wait for the subsequent re-nitriding, when the surface phase layer defect proportion of the whole pellet is less than or equal to the surface phase layer defect proportion threshold value, the manipulator 54 sends the pellet into an aggregate frame, and then sends the pellet into the first screening mechanism 2;
in this process, when the manipulator 54 finishes grabbing once, the flexible vibration disc 52 performs one time of flexible vibration to rearrange the pellets, and the visual detector 53 scans the pellets in the flexible vibration disc 52 again to obtain the position information, the distortion amount information and the surface phase layer defect proportion information of the top of all the pellets again, because when the number of the pellets is large, the number of the pellets is compact, the manipulator 54 easily affects adjacent pellets when grabbing the pellets, so that the adjacent pellets roll to cause image errors and position errors, and after the pellets are sequentially taken away, the flexible vibration can rearrange the pellets again to ensure that the arrangement among the pellets is loose;
when grabbing the pellet whose distortion is larger than the distortion threshold, the manipulator 54 preferentially grabs the pellet whose distortion is closest to the distortion threshold, because the more the distortion of the pellet larger than the distortion threshold is close to the distortion threshold, the more the distorted pellet is, and the more the number of the pellets is, the more easily the visual detector 53 misjudges the pellet, so that the handling is preferentially needed when the pellet appears, and the more the distortion is, the more the pellet is not, and the visual detector 53 easily judges the pellet; in order to prevent the visual detector 53 from misjudging the pellet with the smaller surface phase layer defect ratio at the top, the manipulator 54 preferably grabs the pellet with the larger surface phase layer defect ratio at the top, so that after the number of pellets is reduced, the pellet is loosely arranged in the flexible vibration disk 52, and the visual detector 53 can accurately judge the pellet with the smaller surface phase layer defect ratio at the top.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the specific embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The double-layer surface treatment shot blasting spraying system is characterized in that: comprising the following steps: nitriding furnace, first screening mechanism, shot blasting mechanism, second screening mechanism, first vision sorting mechanism and second vision sorting mechanism, first screening mechanism and second screening mechanism's structure are the same, take first screening mechanism as the example: the first screening mechanism includes: the device comprises a base, wherein two vibrating motors are symmetrically arranged on the base, a blanking hopper is arranged between the two vibrating motors, a first inclined screen plate is arranged in the blanking hopper, the mesh aperture of the first inclined screen plate is 52-55 mu m, a first blanking hole is arranged at the bottom of the blanking hopper, a second blanking hole is arranged on the side wall of the blanking hopper and aligned with the lowest end of the first inclined screen plate, electromagnetic valves are arranged on the first blanking hole and the second blanking hole, a first hose is arranged on the discharge end of a nitriding furnace, and the first hose stretches into the blanking hopper of a first sieving mechanism;
The shot blasting mechanism comprises: the device comprises a housing, a fixed plate and a triaxial clamping table are arranged in the housing, a first mounting plate is arranged on the fixed plate, a push-pull cylinder is arranged on the first mounting plate, an air inlet pipe is arranged on the push-pull cylinder, the air inlet pipe is connected with a high-pressure air source through a second hose, a connecting ring is welded on the outer side wall of the front end of the air inlet pipe, a first sealing ring is arranged in the connecting ring, the second mounting plate is arranged on the fixed plate, a screw sliding table is arranged on the second mounting plate, a sliding seat is arranged on the screw sliding table in a sliding manner, two transition pipes are arranged on the sliding seat, second sealing rings which can extend into the connecting ring and are tightly attached to the first sealing ring are clamped at the rear ends of the two transition pipes, spray pipes are connected at the front ends of the two transition pipes, a feed inlet is arranged on the transition pipes, a first blanking hole and a second blanking hole on the first screening mechanism are respectively connected with the feed inlet on the two transition pipes through a second hose, a collecting groove is arranged in the housing below the fixed plate and the triaxial clamping table, a discharging end of the collecting groove is connected with a second screening mechanism through a third hose, and a visual screening mechanism is arranged below the first visual screening mechanism;
The first visual sorting mechanism and the second visual sorting mechanism have the same structure, and take the first visual sorting mechanism as an example: the first vision sorting mechanism includes: the automatic feeding device comprises a rotary station table, wherein a blanking station and a detection station are arranged on the rotary station table, a plurality of flexible vibration disks are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the rotary station table, and a visual detector and a mechanical arm are arranged on the outer side of the detection station.
2. The dual layer surface treatment peening system of claim 1 wherein: an infrared emitter is arranged at the top of the air inlet pipe, and an infrared receiver is arranged at the top of the transition pipe.
3. The dual layer surface treatment peening system of claim 1 wherein: two ends of the spray pipe are respectively provided with tapered holes which shrink from outside to inside and from large to small, and the small diameter ends of the two tapered holes are communicated through a straight hole.
4. The dual layer surface treatment peening system of claim 1 wherein: the second inclined screen plate is arranged in the material collecting groove, the mesh aperture on the second inclined screen plate is 49 mu m, the discharging end of the material collecting groove is arranged on the side wall of the material collecting groove, the discharging end is aligned with the lowest end of the second inclined screen plate, and the discharging electromagnetic valve is arranged on the discharging end of the material collecting groove.
5. The dual layer surface treatment peening system of claim 4 wherein: an ash removal port is arranged on the material collecting groove below the second inclined screen plate, an exhaust valve is arranged on the ash removal port, an exhaust fan is arranged on the exhaust valve, and the exhaust fan is connected with the filtering system.
6. The dual layer surface treatment peening system of claim 1 wherein: an air flow regulating valve and a flowmeter are arranged on the air inlet pipe.
7. A method of using the dual-layer surface-treatment shot-blast spray system of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
S1, simultaneously putting large-diameter pellets with the diameter of 130 mu m and small-diameter pellets with the diameter of 50 mu m into a nitriding furnace for nitriding;
S2, enabling the large-diameter pellets and the small-diameter pellets subjected to nitriding to enter a blanking hopper in a first screening mechanism, enabling the small-diameter pellets to fall below the first inclined screen plate through meshes on the first inclined screen plate, and enabling the large-diameter pellets to stay on the first inclined screen plate;
S3, driving the sliding seat to horizontally move, horizontally moving a transition pipe connected with a second blanking hole in the first screening mechanism to a position aligned with the front and rear of the air inlet pipe, then starting the push-pull air cylinder to drive the air inlet pipe to move forwards, enabling a second sealing ring on the transition pipe to extend into the connecting ring to be in sealing fit with the first sealing ring, installing a workpiece to be processed on the triaxial clamping table, conveying high-pressure air to the air inlet pipe by an air source, blowing the high-pressure air to the direction of the workpiece to be processed after passing through the air inlet pipe, the transition pipe and the spray pipe, opening an electromagnetic valve of the second blanking hole in the first screening mechanism, enabling large-diameter pellets to enter the transition pipe, then bombarding the workpiece to be processed along with the high-pressure air, enabling the triaxial clamping table to drive the workpiece to move up and down and left and right, and guaranteeing that the part to be processed by the workpiece to be processed is subjected to surface infiltration treatment, and enabling large-diameter pellets bombarded on the workpiece to be dropped into the collecting tank;
S4, after the first surface infiltration treatment of the workpiece to be processed is completed, the triaxial clamping table brings the workpiece to be processed back to the original position, the electromagnetic valve and the air source on the second blanking hole in the first screening mechanism are closed, the air inlet pipe moves backwards to be separated from the transition pipe connected with the second blanking hole, the sliding seat drives the transition pipe connected with the first blanking hole in the first screening mechanism to move to a position aligned with the front and back of the air inlet pipe, the air inlet pipe moves forwards to be connected with the transition pipe in a sealing manner, the electromagnetic valve on the air source and the first blanking hole are sequentially opened, small-diameter pellets are blown onto the workpiece to be processed, the triaxial clamping table drives the workpiece to be processed to move, the workpiece to be processed is ensured to be subjected to secondary surface infiltration treatment, and the small-diameter pellets bombarded on the workpiece to be processed drop into the collecting tank;
S5, the pellets in the material collecting groove enter a second screening mechanism, the second screening mechanism screens the large-diameter pellets and the small-diameter pellets, and then the large-diameter pellets and the small-diameter pellets fall into flexible vibration discs positioned on a blanking station in the first visual sorting mechanism and the second visual sorting mechanism respectively;
S6, setting a surface phase layer defect proportion threshold and a distortion amount threshold when the pills with the corresponding particle diameters reach the minimum use requirement in the first visual sorting mechanism and the second visual sorting mechanism, rotating a flexible vibration disc at a blanking station to a detection station by a rotating station table, scanning all pills in the flexible vibration disc at the detection station by a visual detector to obtain position information, distortion amount information and surface phase layer defect information of the tops of the pills, comparing the distortion amount information of each pill with the set distortion amount threshold to obtain position information of the pills with the distortion amount higher than the distortion amount threshold, starting a manipulator to grab and convey the pills with the distortion amount higher than the distortion amount threshold into a waste frame according to the corresponding position information, and when the pills with the distortion amount higher than the distortion amount threshold cannot be detected by the visual detector, the deformation amount of the pill retained in the flexible vibration disc is smaller than or equal to the deformation amount threshold value, the manipulator sequentially grabs the pill retained in the flexible vibration disc, then the manipulator drives the pill to move upwards to be close to the visual detector and turn over upwards for 180 degrees, the visual detector focuses on the pill and scans the bottom of the pill to obtain the surface phase layer defect proportion of the bottom of the pill, in the process, the visual detector can adjust out the surface phase layer defect proportion information of the top of the pill according to the position information of the pill, then the surface phase layer defect proportion of the bottom of the pill and the surface phase defect proportion of the top are added to obtain the surface phase defect proportion of the whole pill, when the surface phase defect proportion of the whole pill is larger than the surface phase defect proportion threshold value, the manipulator sends the pill into a reset frame to wait for the subsequent re-nitriding, when the surface phase layer defect proportion of the whole pill is smaller than or equal to the surface phase layer defect proportion threshold value, the manipulator sends the pill into an aggregate frame and then into a first screening mechanism.
8. The method of using a dual layer surface treatment peening system according to claim 7, wherein: in S3 and S4, when the large-diameter pellets and the small-diameter pellets are subjected to surface infiltration treatment on the workpiece to be processed, the moving paths and the moving speeds of the workpiece to be processed are the same for two times.
9. The method of using a dual layer surface treatment peening system according to claim 7, wherein: in S6, when the manipulator finishes grabbing once, the flexible vibration disc performs flexible vibration once to rearrange the pills, and the visual detector scans the pills in the flexible vibration disc again to acquire the position information, the distortion amount information and the top surface phase layer defect proportion information of all the pills.
10. The method of using a dual layer surface treatment peening system according to claim 7, wherein: in S6, when the abnormal quantity is larger than the pill with the abnormal quantity threshold, the manipulator preferentially grabs the pill with the abnormal quantity closest to the abnormal quantity threshold, and when the abnormal quantity is smaller than or equal to the pill with the abnormal quantity threshold, the manipulator preferentially grabs the pill with the larger surface phase layer defect proportion at the top.
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