CN118176830A - X-ray tube focus switching method, system and X-ray machine - Google Patents
X-ray tube focus switching method, system and X-ray machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN118176830A CN118176830A CN202180101905.6A CN202180101905A CN118176830A CN 118176830 A CN118176830 A CN 118176830A CN 202180101905 A CN202180101905 A CN 202180101905A CN 118176830 A CN118176830 A CN 118176830A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/08—Electrical details
- H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
- H05G1/30—Controlling
- H05G1/46—Combined control of different quantities, e.g. exposure time as well as voltage or current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/08—Electrical details
- H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
- H05G1/30—Controlling
- H05G1/36—Temperature of anode; Brightness of image power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/08—Electrical details
- H05G1/70—Circuit arrangements for X-ray tubes with more than one anode; Circuit arrangements for apparatus comprising more than one X ray tube or more than one cathode
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method and a system for switching the focus of an X-ray tube and an X-ray machine. Wherein, the X-ray tube includes: a small filament corresponding to a small focus and a large filament corresponding to a large focus. The switching method comprises the following steps: determining a corresponding perspective curve according to the current organ program; wherein, for a set organ program, the perspective curve corresponding to the small focus and the perspective curve corresponding to the large focus are synthesized into one perspective curve; determining the current tube voltage, tube current and exposure time of the X-ray tube according to the current dose control value and the perspective curve, determining the current perspective power according to the tube voltage and the tube current, and controlling the small lamp filament to work if the current perspective power is positioned in the power range interval of the small lamp filament; and if the current perspective power is in the power range interval of the large filament, controlling the large filament to work. The technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention can realize automatic switching of the focus.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the medical field, in particular to a method and a system for switching focuses of an X-ray tube and an X-ray machine.
Background
In an X-ray machine, an X-ray tube as an X-ray source and an X-ray detector as an X-ray receiver are installed in opposition, the X-ray tube converts electric energy into X-rays, and the X-rays are incident on the X-ray detector after penetrating an object and detected by the X-ray detector.
The X-ray tube mainly comprises an anode, a cathode and a glass shell.
Wherein, the glass shell is also called a tube shell and is used for fixing and supporting the cathode and anode and keeping the vacuum degree in the tube.
The anode has the main function of blocking electron flow moving at high speed to generate X-rays and radiating or conducting heat generated during exposure; and secondly, secondary electrons and scattered rays are absorbed.
The cathode functions to emit electrons toward the anode and focus the electron stream so that it forms a certain size and shape on the target surface of the anode. After the filament in the cathode is electrified, the temperature will gradually rise, and electrons will be emitted after the filament reaches a certain temperature. For a given filament, the higher the filament voltage, the higher the filament temperature, and the greater the number of electrons emitted, over a range. The quantity of electrons emitted by the filament can be changed by adjusting the heating voltage of the filament. The instantaneous bombardment area of electrons emitted by the filament on the anode target surface after focusing is called as an actual focus, and the projection of the actual focus on the X-ray projection direction is called as an effective focus or an action focus. The focal point of the X-ray tube is one of the factors that have the greatest influence on the quality of X-ray imaging, and therefore, the focal point of the X-ray tube is required to be strict in actual operation. The smaller the effective focal spot size, the higher the image sharpness, but the smaller the power of the X-ray tube, the longer the exposure time is required, and motion blur may be caused. In order to coordinate the relation between different powers and focuses, the cathode of the X-ray bulb tube with larger power is provided with two filaments with different lengths and thicknesses, which are called a large filament and a small filament, the heating voltage of the large filament is high, the emission current is large, and a large focus is formed; the small filament has low heating voltage and small emission current, and forms a small focus, and the X-ray tube is called a double-focus X-ray tube.
Currently, the focus is selected for the size, or fixed configuration, and the selected focus is pre-configured for specific organ procedures; or manual control, by operating a switch button on the console to select the appropriate focus type, depending on the current organ procedure type and patient body size. After selecting the focus, the system adjusts the tube voltage (KV), tube current (mA) and exposure time (ms) of the X-ray tube according to the corresponding perspective curve and image intensity.
In addition, those skilled in the art are working to find other focus selection schemes.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for switching the focus of an X-ray tube, and a system and an X-ray machine for switching the focus of an X-ray tube for realizing automatic switching of the focus.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for switching the focus of an X-ray tube, which comprises the following steps: a small filament corresponding to the small focus and a large filament corresponding to the large focus; the method comprises the following steps: determining a corresponding perspective curve according to the current organ program; wherein, for a set organ program, the perspective curve corresponding to the small focus and the perspective curve corresponding to the large focus are synthesized into one perspective curve; determining the current tube voltage, tube current and exposure time of the X-ray tube according to the current dose control value and the perspective curve, determining the current perspective power according to the tube voltage and the tube current, and controlling the small lamp filament to work if the current perspective power is positioned in the power range interval of the small lamp filament; and if the current perspective power is in the power range interval of the large filament, controlling the large filament to work.
In one embodiment, the small filament is heated by a first heating circuit and the large filament is heated by a second heating circuit, and both heating circuits maintain the corresponding filaments in a pre-heated state during dose adjustment; the control of the small filament works as: driving the small lamp filaments to work by controlling the first heating circuit; the control of the large filament works as: and driving the large filament to work by controlling the second heating circuit.
In one embodiment, the setting organ program includes: organ procedure in which the body position thickness of the target object reaches a set threshold.
In one embodiment, the current dose control value is: an initial dose control value acquired for an initial perspective; or for non-initial perspective, calculating a current actual dose level from the current image intensity, a dose control value determined from a relationship between the current actual dose level and a predetermined reference dose level.
The embodiment of the invention provides a focus switching system of an X-ray tube, which comprises: a small filament corresponding to the small focus and a large filament corresponding to the large focus; the system comprises: workstation equipment, a system control board and a voltage generator; the workstation device is used for determining a corresponding perspective curve according to the current organ program and providing the perspective curve to the voltage generator; wherein, for a set organ program, the perspective curve corresponding to the small focus and the perspective curve corresponding to the large focus are synthesized into one perspective curve; the system control board is used for providing the current dosage control value to the voltage generator; the voltage generator is used for determining the current tube voltage, tube current and exposure time of the X-ray tube according to the current dose control value and the perspective curve, determining the current perspective power according to the tube voltage and the tube current, and controlling the small filament to work if the current perspective power is positioned in the power range interval of the small filament; and if the current perspective power is in the power range interval of the large filament, controlling the large filament to work.
In one embodiment, the voltage generator includes: a first heating circuit for heating the small filaments and a second heating circuit for heating the large filaments, and both heating circuits keep the corresponding filaments in a preheated state in the dose adjusting process; the control of the small filament works as: driving the small lamp filaments to work by controlling the first heating circuit; the control of the large filament works as: and driving the large filament to work by controlling the second heating circuit.
In one embodiment, the workstation device is further configured to receive current image information acquired by the X-ray detector based on X-rays currently emitted by the X-ray tube, calculate a current image intensity according to the current image information, and provide the current image intensity to the system control board; the system control board is further configured to enable the voltage generator upon power-up and determine an initial dose control value for a current organ procedure as a current dose control value; after receiving the current image intensity provided by the workstation equipment, calculating the current actual dosage level according to the current image intensity, comparing the current actual dosage level with a predetermined reference dosage level, and determining the current dosage control value according to the relation between the current actual dosage level and the predetermined reference dosage level.
An X-ray machine according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: an X-ray tube, an X-ray detector, workstation equipment, a system control board and a voltage generator; the X-ray bulb tube comprises a small filament corresponding to a small focus and a large filament corresponding to a large focus, and emits X-rays under the condition that any filament works; the X-ray detector is used for receiving X-rays from the X-ray tube and obtaining image information; the workstation device is used for determining a corresponding perspective curve according to the current organ program and providing the perspective curve to the voltage generator; wherein, for a set organ program, the perspective curve corresponding to the small focus and the perspective curve corresponding to the large focus are synthesized into one perspective curve; the system control board is used for providing the current dosage control value to the voltage generator; the voltage generator is used for determining the current tube voltage, tube current and exposure time of the X-ray tube according to the current dose control value and the perspective curve, determining the current perspective power according to the tube voltage and the tube current, and controlling the small filament to work if the current perspective power is positioned in the power range interval of the small filament; and if the current perspective power is in the power range interval of the large filament, controlling the large filament to work.
In one embodiment, the voltage generator includes: a first heating circuit for heating the small filaments and a second heating circuit for heating the large filaments, and both heating circuits keep the corresponding filaments in a preheated state in the dose adjusting process; the voltage generator drives the small filament to work by controlling the first heating circuit, and drives the large filament to work by controlling the second heating circuit.
In one embodiment, the workstation device is further configured to receive current image information acquired by the X-ray detector based on X-rays currently emitted by the X-ray tube, calculate a current image intensity according to the current image information, and provide the current image intensity to the system control board; the system control board is further configured to enable the voltage generator upon power-up and determine an initial dose control value for a current organ procedure as a current dose control value; after receiving the current image intensity provided by the workstation equipment, calculating the current actual dosage level according to the current image intensity, comparing the current actual dosage level with a predetermined reference dosage level, and determining the current dosage control value according to the relation between the current actual dosage level and the predetermined reference dosage level.
As can be seen from the above solution, in the embodiment of the present invention, in order to set an organ procedure, especially an organ procedure in which the body position thickness of a target object meets a set requirement, a perspective curve corresponding to a small focus and a perspective curve corresponding to a large focus are synthesized into one perspective curve, then a corresponding tube voltage, a tube current and an exposure time in the perspective curve are determined according to a current dose control value, a current perspective power is determined according to the tube voltage and the tube current, and further a corresponding filament is controlled to work according to the current perspective power and a power range interval of a small filament corresponding to the small focus and a power range interval of a large filament corresponding to the large focus, thereby realizing automatic switching of a large focus and a small focus.
Further, by adopting two heating circuits to heat the large filament and the small filament respectively, and keeping the corresponding filaments in a preheating state in the dosage adjusting process, seamless switching of the focus can be realized.
Drawings
The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by describing in detail preferred embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings in which:
fig. 1 is an exemplary flowchart of a focus switching method of an X-ray tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2A is a perspective view of an original corresponding small focus in an example of the present invention.
Fig. 2B is a perspective view of an original corresponding large focus in an example of the present invention.
Fig. 2C is a perspective view of an example of the present invention after synthesis.
Fig. 3 is an exemplary structure diagram of an X-ray machine in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, the reference numerals are as follows:
Detailed Description
In the embodiment of the invention, in order to realize automatic switching between two focuses of an X-ray tube, consider that a perspective curve corresponding to a small focus and a perspective curve corresponding to a large focus are synthesized into a perspective curve for each organ program or organ program with the body position thickness (imaging thickness) of a set organ program, such as a target object, reaching a set threshold, and then corresponding tube voltage, tube current and exposure time in the perspective curve are determined according to a current dose control value, so that current perspective power can be determined according to the tube voltage and the tube current, and if the current perspective power is located in a power range interval of a small filament corresponding to the small focus, the small filament is controlled to work; and if the current perspective power is positioned in the power range interval of the large filament corresponding to the large focus, controlling the large filament to work, thereby realizing automatic switching of the large focus and the small focus.
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
Fig. 1 is an exemplary flowchart of a focus switching method of an X-ray tube according to an embodiment of the present invention. The X-ray tube in this embodiment includes: a small filament corresponding to the small focus and a large filament corresponding to the large focus, and emits X-rays in the case where either filament is operated. As shown in fig. 1, the method in this embodiment may include the following steps:
Step 101, determining a corresponding perspective curve according to a current organ program; wherein for each organ procedure or organ procedure for which the set organ procedure, for example, the body position thickness of the target object reaches the set threshold, the perspective curve corresponding to the small focus and the perspective curve corresponding to the large focus are synthesized into one perspective curve.
In this step, curve synthesis is mainly performed for pulse perspective (pulsed fluoro) (continuous perspective (continous fluoro) is similar in tube current (mA) and power limit that can be achieved by the size focus due to the limit of tank heat dissipation power). The simplest example of curve synthesis is that the first half of the curve uses perspective curves corresponding to small foci and the second half uses perspective curves corresponding to large foci. This may combine high resolution for small foci with penetration and/or signal to noise ratio for large foci.
The perspective curves for the original corresponding small foci are shown in fig. 2A, the perspective curves for the original corresponding large foci are shown in fig. 2B, and the perspective curves after synthesis are shown in fig. 2C, where T is the intersection of the large and small foci curves. Only the relationship between the tube current (mA) and the tube voltage (KV) is given based on the assumption that the pulse width is constant (e.g., 10 ms). In step 103, when the exposure is performed using the synthesized curve, after automatic dose adjustment, if the required exposure tube current (power) is found to be in the range that the small focus can withstand (the intersection point T is left in the figure), the exposure is automatically switched to the small focus exposure; otherwise, the focus is automatically switched to the large focus.
Step 102, determining a current dose control value.
In this step, the dose refers to the X-ray exposure dose. For an initial perspective, the current dose control value is the initial dose control value acquired for the current organ procedure. Then, the X-ray detector acquires image information based on the X-rays currently emitted by the X-ray tube, and the system can calculate corresponding image intensity according to the image information, namely, when the system is not in initial perspective, the current dose control value is a dose control value determined according to the relation between the current actual dose level and a predetermined reference dose level, wherein the current actual dose level is calculated according to the image intensity.
For example, in determining the dose control value, the dose control value for the next exposure is typically adjusted in proportion to the reference dose level and the current actual dose level. For example: an image is acquired, the average signal intensity is calculated, and the current actual dose is 50nGy according to the sensitivity of an X-ray detector (such as a flat panel detector). If the reference dose is 60nGy, the dose control value is set to 1.2, and the system control device (such as a system control board) sends the dose control value to the voltage generator, and the voltage generator adjusts the tube voltage and the tube current of the next exposure. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the voltage generator is a high voltage generator in embodiments.
Step 103, determining the current tube voltage, tube current and exposure time of the X-ray tube according to the current dose control value and the perspective curve, determining the current perspective power according to the tube voltage and the tube current, and controlling the small filament to work if the current perspective power is located in the power range interval of the small filament; and if the current perspective power is in the power range interval of the large filament, controlling the large filament to work.
In addition, in this embodiment, in order to achieve seamless switching between the two focuses, that is, switching from the primary filament to the target filament, for example, switching from the small filament corresponding to the small focus to the large filament corresponding to the large focus or switching from the large filament corresponding to the large focus to the small filament corresponding to the small focus, there is no need to wait for the target filament to be preheated again. Wherein, the controlling the small filament works as: driving the small lamp filaments to work by controlling the first heating circuit; the control of the large filament works as: and driving the large filament to work by controlling the second heating circuit.
Of course, the technical solution in this embodiment may also be applied to a scenario including only one heating circuit, where the large filament and the small filament share one heating circuit. When the focus is required to be switched, the heating circuit can be controlled to be switched to different filament loops, and only the switching at the moment needs to wait for the heating circuit to preheat the target filament.
The method for switching the focus of the X-ray tube according to the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail above, and the system for switching the focus of the X-ray tube according to the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below. The focal point switching system of the X-ray tube in the embodiment of the present invention may be used to implement the focal point switching method of the X-ray tube in the embodiment of the present invention, and details not disclosed in detail in the embodiment of the system of the present invention may be referred to in the corresponding description in the embodiment of the method of the present invention, which are not described in detail herein.
Fig. 3 is an exemplary structure diagram of an X-ray machine in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the X-ray machine includes: an X-ray tube 21, an X-ray detector 22, a workstation device 23, a system control board 24 and a voltage generator 25. As shown in fig. 3, the focus switching system of the X-ray tube in the embodiment of the present invention may include a workstation device 23, a system control board 24, and a voltage generator 25 therein.
The X-ray tube 21 includes a small filament 211 corresponding to a small focus and a large filament 212 corresponding to a large focus, and emits X-rays in the case where either filament is operated.
The X-ray detector 22 is arranged to receive X-rays from the X-ray tube and to obtain image information.
The workstation device 23 is used to determine a corresponding perspective curve from the current organ procedure and to provide said perspective curve to the voltage generator 25. Wherein for each target procedure or set target procedure, for example, an organ procedure in which the body position thickness of the target object reaches a set threshold, the perspective curve corresponding to the small focus and the perspective curve corresponding to the large focus are synthesized into one perspective curve. In addition, after the X-ray detector 22 acquires current image information based on the X-rays currently emitted by the X-ray tube, the current image information is received, and a current image intensity is calculated from the current image information, and the current image intensity is provided to the system control board 24.
The system control board 24 is used to provide the current dose control value D to the voltage generator 25. Wherein the system control board 24 enables said voltage generator 25 upon power-up, e.g. sends an enabling signal E to the voltage generator 25, while providing the initial dose control value for the current organ procedure to the voltage generator 25, i.e. for an initial perspective, the system control board 24 may determine the initial dose control value acquired for the current organ procedure as the current dose control value. Thereafter, after receiving the current image intensity provided by the workstation device 23, a current actual dose level may be calculated from the current image intensity, the current actual dose level may be compared with a predetermined reference dose level, and a current dose control value may be determined from the relation between the two.
The voltage generator 25 is configured to determine a current tube voltage, a tube current and an exposure time of the X-ray tube according to the current dose control value and the perspective curve, determine a current perspective power according to the tube voltage and the tube current, and control the small filament to work if the current perspective power is within a power range of the small filament; and if the current perspective power is in the power range interval of the large filament, controlling the large filament to work. In particular, the voltage generator 25 may include a heating circuit, that is, the large filament 212 and the small filament 211 share the heating circuit, and when the focal point needs to be switched, a control unit (not shown in the figure) in the voltage generator 25 controls the heating circuit to be switched into a corresponding filament loop to drive the corresponding filament to work. Alternatively, the voltage generator 25 may include two heating circuits, namely, a first heating circuit 251 for heating the small filament and a second heating circuit 252 for heating the large filament, and at this time, a control unit (not shown) in the voltage generator 25 drives the small filament 211 to operate by controlling the first heating circuit 251 and drives the large filament 212 to operate by controlling the second heating circuit 252. To achieve seamless switching of focus, both heating circuits may keep the corresponding filaments in a pre-heated state during dose adjustment. In fig. 3, a case is taken as an example in which the voltage generator 25 includes two heating circuits.
It should be noted that not all the steps and modules in the above processes and the structure diagrams are necessary, and some steps or modules may be omitted according to actual needs. The execution sequence of the steps is not fixed and can be adjusted as required. The division of the modules is merely for convenience of description and the division of functions adopted in the embodiments, and in actual implementation, one module may be implemented by a plurality of modules, and functions of a plurality of modules may be implemented by the same module, and the modules may be located in the same device or different devices.
It will be appreciated that the hardware modules in the embodiments described above may be implemented mechanically or electronically. For example, a hardware module may include specially designed permanent circuits or logic devices (e.g., special purpose processors such as FPGAs or ASICs) for performing certain operations. A hardware module may also include programmable logic devices or circuits (e.g., including a general purpose processor or other programmable processor) temporarily configured by software for performing particular operations. As regards implementation of the hardware modules in a mechanical manner, either by dedicated permanent circuits or by circuits that are temporarily configured (e.g. by software), this may be determined by cost and time considerations.
As can be seen from the above solution, in the embodiment of the present invention, in order to set an organ procedure, especially an organ procedure in which the body position thickness of a target object meets a set requirement, a perspective curve corresponding to a small focus and a perspective curve corresponding to a large focus are synthesized into one perspective curve, then a corresponding tube voltage, a tube current and an exposure time in the perspective curve are determined according to a current dose control value, a current perspective power is determined according to the tube voltage and the tube current, and further a corresponding filament is controlled to work according to the current perspective power and a power range interval of a small filament corresponding to the small focus and a power range interval of a large filament corresponding to the large focus, thereby realizing automatic switching of a large focus and a small focus.
Further, by adopting the X-ray tube comprising the two heating circuits, and the two heating circuits keep the corresponding filaments in a preheating state in the dosage adjusting process, seamless switching of the focus can be realized.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2021/121942 WO2023050224A1 (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Focus switching method and system for x-ray tube, and x-ray machine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN118176830A true CN118176830A (en) | 2024-06-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202180101905.6A Pending CN118176830A (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | X-ray tube focus switching method, system and X-ray machine |
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| CN (1) | CN118176830A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023050224A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4072865A (en) * | 1976-06-24 | 1978-02-07 | American Radiologic Systems, Inc. | Automatic control system |
| DE3025107A1 (en) * | 1980-07-02 | 1982-01-14 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | X-RAY DIAGNOSTIC DEVICE FOR RECORDING AND SCANNING |
| JPS6248000A (en) * | 1985-08-23 | 1987-03-02 | Shimadzu Corp | X-ray tube focus selection circuit for X-ray fluoroscopy equipment |
| JP2819720B2 (en) * | 1990-01-18 | 1998-11-05 | 株式会社島津製作所 | X-ray high voltage equipment |
| JP6139262B2 (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2017-05-31 | 東芝メディカルシステムズ株式会社 | X-ray high voltage device |
| JP2015216036A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2015-12-03 | 株式会社島津製作所 | X-ray imaging apparatus and method of heating x-ray tube filament |
| CN106974668B (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2021-05-11 | 联影（贵州）医疗科技有限公司 | Preheating method and system for X-ray tube filament |
-
2021
- 2021-09-29 WO PCT/CN2021/121942 patent/WO2023050224A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2021-09-29 CN CN202180101905.6A patent/CN118176830A/en active Pending
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| WO2023050224A1 (en) | 2023-04-06 |
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