CN118347328A - Modular thermochemical heat storage system and control method - Google Patents
Modular thermochemical heat storage system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN118347328A CN118347328A CN202310074905.2A CN202310074905A CN118347328A CN 118347328 A CN118347328 A CN 118347328A CN 202310074905 A CN202310074905 A CN 202310074905A CN 118347328 A CN118347328 A CN 118347328A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/003—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using thermochemical reactions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种模块化热化学储热系统及控制方法，包括储热仓、集水仓和管路组件，储热仓内填充有储热介质，集水仓内存储有液态水；管路组件能够将储热仓和集水仓连接为一体结构，或将储热仓和集水仓断开为分体结构，且管路组件可与真空泵连接，并按需实现模块化热化学储热系统的真空压力条件密封与调控；在储热工况下，储热仓内的水合态储热介质吸热发生分解反应，分解反应析出的水蒸气进入集水仓冷凝存储；在放热工况下，集水仓内的水吸热成为水蒸气，水蒸气进入储热仓内与脱水态储热介质发生水合反应放热。通过该方案，可至少解决现有的闭式热化学储热系统封存及更换不便，低品位热能利用率低及循环稳定性易受破坏问题。
The present invention provides a modular thermochemical heat storage system and control method, including a heat storage bin, a water collection bin and a pipeline assembly, wherein the heat storage bin is filled with a heat storage medium, and the water collection bin stores liquid water; the pipeline assembly can connect the heat storage bin and the water collection bin into an integrated structure, or disconnect the heat storage bin and the water collection bin into a split structure, and the pipeline assembly can be connected to a vacuum pump, and the vacuum pressure condition sealing and regulation of the modular thermochemical heat storage system can be realized as required; under the heat storage condition, the hydrated heat storage medium in the heat storage bin absorbs heat and undergoes a decomposition reaction, and the water vapor precipitated by the decomposition reaction enters the water collection bin for condensation and storage; under the heat release condition, the water in the water collection bin absorbs heat and becomes water vapor, and the water vapor enters the heat storage bin and undergoes a hydration reaction with the dehydrated heat storage medium to release heat. Through this scheme, at least the problems of inconvenience in sealing and replacing the existing closed thermochemical heat storage system, low utilization rate of low-grade thermal energy, and easy destruction of cycle stability can be solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical heat storage, in particular to a modularized thermochemical heat storage system and a control method.
Background
The existing thermochemical heat storage system mainly comprises an open system and a closed system, wherein the open system has poor sealing performance, ambient air can enter the heat storage bin and chemically react with internal materials (such as O 2 can oxidize the internal materials, and CO 2 can react with CaO to produce impurity CaCO 3 in a Ca (OH) 2/CaO system), so that the circulation stability of the heat storage system is not facilitated. Meanwhile, inert and non-condensable gases in the air component occupy partial pressure of the system, so that mass transfer resistance in the pipeline path and the heat storage medium pores is increased, and the thermochemical reaction rate is seriously weakened.
At present, a closed thermochemical heat storage system aiming at exothermic reaction reactants containing water generally needs to specially adopt a steam generator under an exothermic working condition, namely, external input energy is also needed under the exothermic working condition, so that the continuous progress of thermochemical exothermic reaction can be maintained. Moreover, the current closed heat storage system is often provided with a plurality of components, the components are of a split structure, the integration level is low, the operation and maintenance flow is complex, and particularly the replacement of a heat storage bin is very inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a modularized thermochemical heat storage system and a control method, which at least solve the problems of inconvenient sealing and replacement, low-grade heat energy utilization rate and easily damaged circulation stability of a closed thermochemical heat storage system in the prior art.
To solve the above problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a modular thermochemical heat storage system comprising: the heat storage bin is filled with heat storage medium as a thermochemical reaction area; the water collecting bin is stored with liquid water as an evaporation condensing area; the pipeline component can connect the heat storage bin and the water collection bin into an integrated structure or disconnect the heat storage bin and the water collection bin into a split structure, can be connected with a vacuum pump and can realize the sealing and regulation of the vacuum pressure condition of the modularized thermochemical heat storage system as required; the modularized thermochemical heat storage system has a heat storage working condition and a heat release working condition, under the heat storage working condition, a hydration-state heat storage medium in the heat storage bin absorbs heat to generate a decomposition reaction, and water vapor separated out by the decomposition reaction enters the water collection bin to be condensed and stored; under the heat release working condition, water in the water collecting bin absorbs heat to become water vapor, and the water vapor enters the heat storage bin to generate hydration reaction with the dehydrated heat storage medium to release heat.
Further, the pipeline assembly comprises an adjusting valve which can be opened and closed to connect or disconnect the heat storage bin and the water collecting bin, and the opening degree of the adjusting valve is adjustable to adjust the flow of the water vapor conveyed by the pipeline assembly.
Further, the regulating valve comprises a first valve and a second valve, and the pipeline assembly further comprises a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe, a three-way connecting pipe, a first joint, a second joint, a third joint and a third valve; the first valve is used for switching on and switching off the first connecting pipe and adjusting the flow of the first connecting pipe, the second connecting pipe is connected with the water collecting bin, the second valve is used for switching on and switching off the second connecting pipe and adjusting the flow of the second connecting pipe, the first connector is used for connecting or separating the first connecting pipe from the first end of the three-way connecting pipe, the second connector is used for connecting or separating the second connecting pipe from the second end of the three-way connecting pipe, the third valve is used for switching on and switching off the third end of the three-way connecting pipe, and the third connector is used for connecting or separating the third end of the three-way connecting pipe from the vacuum pump.
Further, the shell of the heat storage bin heats or cools the heat storage bin through external environment heat transfer, or a first coil is arranged in the heat storage bin, and fluid input into the first coil heats or cools the heat storage bin; the shell of the water sump heats or cools the water sump through external environment heat transfer, or a second coil is arranged in the water sump, and fluid input in the second coil heats or cools the water sump.
Further, a circulation pipeline capable of running or stopping is arranged in the heat storage bin and the water collection bin, a part of heat generated by heat release of the heat storage bin heats fluid in the circulation pipeline, the heated fluid is conveyed to the water collection bin to heat the water collection bin, and the other part of heat generated by heat release of the heat storage bin heats an external heating device.
Further, the circulating pipeline comprises a first coil pipe, a second coil pipe, a circulating pump and a control valve, wherein the first coil pipe is arranged in the heat storage bin, the second coil pipe is arranged in the water collection bin and is communicated with the first coil pipe, the circulating pump is used for driving fluid in the circulating pipeline to flow, and the control valve is used for switching on and off the circulating pipeline.
Further, two adjacent independent cavities are arranged in the water collection bin, and liquid water and phase change materials are respectively stored in the two independent cavities; under the heat storage working condition, the water vapor entering the water collection bin heats the phase change material and melts the phase change material; under the exothermic working condition, the nucleation and crystallization promoting operation is performed on the phase-change material to solidify the phase-change material and release heat, and the heat released by the phase-change material heats the liquid water to continuously generate water vapor.
Further, a heat exchange structure is arranged in the water collection bin and penetrates into the two independent cavities so as to strengthen heat exchange between liquid water or water vapor and the phase change material.
Further, the modular thermochemical heat storage system comprises a plurality of heat storage bins, any one of which is alternatively connected or disconnected with the water collection bin through a pipeline assembly; or, the modular thermochemical water collection system comprises a plurality of water collection tanks, any one of which is alternatively connected or disconnected from the heat storage tank by a pipeline assembly.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control method for a modular thermochemical heat storage system as described above, the control method comprising: under the heat storage working condition, a valve of the control pipeline component is opened to heat the hydration heat storage medium in the heat storage bin so as to enable the hydration heat storage medium to undergo decomposition reaction; cooling the water collecting bin to enable water vapor generated by the decomposition reaction to enter the water collecting bin to be condensed into liquid water; under the heat release working condition, a valve of the control pipeline component is opened to heat the water collection bin, water vapor generated by heating enters the heat storage bin, the water vapor and a dehydrated heat storage medium in the heat storage bin carry out hydration reaction and release heat, and the released heat is used for life or industrial requirements; the heat release rate in the heat storage bin is adjusted by controlling the heating rate of the water collection bin or controlling the opening of a valve of the pipeline assembly; and under the working conditions of non heat storage and heat release, the valve of the control pipeline assembly is closed, so that water in the water collecting bin and a heat storage medium in the heat storage bin are separated, and long-term storage is realized.
Further, the control method further includes: under the working conditions of non heat storage and heat release, the vacuum pump is connected with the pipeline component, the cavity communicated with the vacuum pump in the modularized thermochemical heat storage system is vacuumized, and the pressure in the vacuumized cavity is less than 1kPa; in the initial preparation stage of the heat storage working condition or the heat release working condition, connecting a vacuum pump with a pipeline assembly, vacuumizing a cavity communicated with the vacuum pump in the modularized thermochemical heat storage system, wherein the pressure in the vacuumized cavity is less than 1kPa; separating the vacuum pump from the pipeline assembly or closing a valve corresponding to the vacuum pump in the pipeline assembly under the condition that vacuum pumping is not required; the modularized thermochemical heat storage system with the integrated structure is sealed and stored, and the vacuumizing operation is only needed once, or is carried out when the performance of the modularized thermochemical heat storage system is attenuated to be smaller than a set standard, so that the performance of the modularized thermochemical heat storage system is recovered.
Further, the control method further includes: when needed, the separated heat storage bin and the water collection bin are connected into an integrated structure through the pipeline assembly, or the connected heat storage bin and the connected water collection bin are disconnected into a split structure through the pipeline assembly; or the plurality of heat storage bins are connected with the water collection bin through the pipeline assembly, and the heat storage bins which are not needed to be used are disconnected with the water collection bin; or the plurality of water collecting bins are connected with the heat storage bin through the pipeline assembly, and the water collecting bin which is not needed to be used is disconnected with the heat storage bin.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the modularized thermochemical heat storage system comprises a heat storage bin, a water collection bin and a pipeline component, wherein a heat storage medium is filled in the heat storage bin to serve as a thermochemical reaction area; the water collecting bin stores liquid water as an evaporation and condensation area; the pipeline component can connect the heat storage bin and the water collection bin into an integrated structure, or disconnect the heat storage bin and the water collection bin into a split structure, and can be connected with a vacuum pump, and realize the sealing and regulation of the vacuum pressure condition of the modularized thermochemical heat storage system as required; the modularized thermochemical heat storage system has a heat storage working condition and a heat release working condition, under the heat storage working condition, a hydration-state heat storage medium in the heat storage bin absorbs heat to generate a decomposition reaction, and water vapor separated out by the decomposition reaction enters the water collection bin to be condensed and stored; under the heat release working condition, water in the water collecting bin absorbs heat to become water vapor, and the water vapor enters the heat storage bin to generate hydration reaction with the dehydrated heat storage medium to release heat. According to the scheme, the heat storage bin and the water collection bin can be connected into an integrated structure through the pipeline component, so that thermochemical reaction absorbs heat or releases heat, and the heat storage bin and the water collection bin can be disconnected into a split structure, so that the modularized design is realized, the heat storage bin or the water collection bin can be independently stored or replaced, the problem that a thermochemical heat storage system is inconvenient to seal and replace is solved, the flexibility of operation and application scenes is improved, and the reliability of long-term storage is ensured; in addition, the vacuum environment in the heat storage bin and the water collection bin can be realized through the vacuum pump, the vacuum degree is regulated and controlled, so that water vapor required by the hydration heat release process can be started at the ambient temperature, the potential of low-grade heat energy of the application environment is greatly increased, oxygen, carbon dioxide and inert and non-condensable gases can be driven off due to the fact that the vacuum environment is arranged in the system, the heat storage medium can be prevented from being oxidized and carbonized, the mass transfer resistance can be reduced, the water evaporation and condensation power can be increased, and the water vapor can be more rapidly and more fully diffused into the whole heat storage bin, so that the reaction speed and the energy conversion rate are improved; because the system is isolated from the outside air, the heat storage medium can be stored for a long time, and long-time lossless heat storage is realized; in addition, this scheme is through the setting of above-mentioned structure, need not to set up steam generator specially, has simplified the structure of system and reduced the dependence of external structure, is difficult for receiving the destruction, and system circulation stability is good, through controlling vapor pressure, can more nimble, initiatively carry out real-time regulation and control to thermochemical reaction process (such as reaction rate, reaction temperature isoparameter). Wherein the heat storage medium can be a calcium hydroxide/calcium oxide system.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view of a modular thermochemical heat storage system provided in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic view of a modular thermochemical heat storage system provided by a second embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic view of a modular thermochemical heat storage system provided by a third embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a modular thermochemical heat storage system provided by embodiment four of the invention;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic of a modular thermochemical heat storage system provided by embodiment five of the invention.
Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:
10. A heat storage bin; 20. a water collecting bin; 30. a pipeline assembly; 31. adjusting a valve; 311. a first valve; 312. a second valve; 32. a first connection pipe; 33. a second connection pipe; 34. a three-way connecting pipe; 35. a first joint; 36. a second joint; 37. a third joint; 38. a third valve; 40. a vacuum pump; 51. a first coil; 52. a second coil; 53. a circulation pump; 54. and controlling the valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-5, embodiments of the present invention provide a modular thermochemical heat storage system comprising: the heat storage bin 10 is filled with a heat storage medium as a thermochemical reaction area; the water collecting bin 20 is used as an evaporation condensing area, and liquid water is stored in the water collecting bin 20; the pipeline assembly 30, the pipeline assembly 30 can connect the heat storage bin 10 and the water collection bin 20 into an integral structure, or disconnect the heat storage bin 10 and the water collection bin 20 into a split structure, and the pipeline assembly 30 can be connected with the vacuum pump 40, and realize the sealing and regulation of the vacuum pressure condition of the modularized thermochemical heat storage system as required; the modularized thermochemical heat storage system has a heat storage working condition and a heat release working condition, under the heat storage working condition, a hydration-state heat storage medium in the heat storage bin 10 absorbs heat to generate a decomposition reaction, and water vapor separated out by the decomposition reaction enters the water collection bin 20 to be condensed and stored; under the heat release working condition, water in the water collecting bin 20 absorbs heat to become water vapor, and the water vapor enters the heat storage bin 10 to generate hydration reaction with dehydrated heat storage medium to release heat.
By adopting the scheme, the heat storage bin 10 and the water collection bin 20 can be connected into an integral structure through the pipeline assembly 30, so that thermochemical reaction absorbs or releases heat, and the heat storage bin 10 or the water collection bin 20 can be disconnected into a split structure, thus realizing modularized design, independently storing or replacing the heat storage bin 10 or the water collection bin 20, solving the problem of inconvenient sealing and replacing of a thermochemical heat storage system, improving the flexibility of operation and application scenes and ensuring the reliability of long-term storage; in addition, the vacuum pump 40 can realize the vacuum environment in the heat storage bin 10 and the water collecting bin 20, regulate and control the vacuum degree, so that the vapor required by the hydration heat release process can be started at the ambient temperature, the potential of low-grade heat energy in the application environment is greatly increased, oxygen, carbon dioxide and inert and non-condensable gases can be driven off due to the vacuum environment in the system, the heat storage medium can be prevented from being oxidized and carbonized, the mass transfer resistance can be reduced, the water evaporation and condensation power can be increased, and the vapor can be more rapidly and more fully diffused into the whole heat storage bin 10, so that the reaction speed and the energy conversion rate are improved; because the system is isolated from the outside air, the heat storage medium can be stored for a long time, and long-time lossless heat storage is realized; in addition, this scheme is through the setting of above-mentioned structure, need not to set up steam generator specially, has simplified the structure of system and reduced the dependence of external structure, is difficult for receiving the destruction, and system circulation stability is good, through controlling vapor pressure, can more nimble, initiatively carry out real-time regulation and control to thermochemical reaction process (such as reaction rate, reaction temperature isoparameter). Wherein the heat storage medium can be a calcium hydroxide/calcium oxide system.
When the heat storage system is assembled for the first time, the interior of the heat storage system is vacuumized, so that components such as O 2 and the like in the air are prevented from reacting with a heat storage medium to influence the circulation stability, the water evaporation and the water vapor flow can be enhanced, the heat charging and discharging rate of the system is improved, and meanwhile, the conversion rate of the chemical reaction can be enhanced by reducing non-reactive gas.
As shown in fig. 1, in the first embodiment, the pipe assembly 30 includes an adjusting valve 31, the adjusting valve 31 is openable and closable to connect or disconnect the heat storage bin 10 and the water collecting bin 20, and the opening degree of the adjusting valve 31 is adjustable to adjust the flow rate of the water vapor conveyed by the pipe assembly 30. Thus, through the operation of the adjusting valve 31, the heat storage bin 10 and the water collecting bin 20 can be communicated to perform thermochemical reaction, or the flow of the water vapor conveyed by the opening adjusting pipeline assembly 30 can be adjusted, so that the reaction rate can be adjusted, or the heat storage bin 10 and the water collecting bin 20 can be disconnected to realize the separate storage of heat storage media and water, and the reliability of long-term storage is ensured.
As shown in fig. 2, in the second embodiment, the regulator valve 31 includes a first valve 311 and a second valve 312, and the pipe assembly 30 further includes a first connection pipe 32, a second connection pipe 33, a three-way connection pipe 34, a first joint 35, a second joint 36, a third joint 37, and a third valve 38; one end of the first connecting pipe 32 is connected with the heat storage bin 10, the first valve 311 is used for switching on and off the first connecting pipe 32 and adjusting the flow of the first connecting pipe 32, one end of the second connecting pipe 33 is connected with the water collecting bin 20, the second valve 312 is used for switching on and off the second connecting pipe 33 and adjusting the flow of the second connecting pipe 33, the first connector 35 is used for connecting or separating the first connecting pipe 32 from the first end of the three-way connecting pipe 34, the second connector 36 is used for connecting or separating the second connecting pipe 33 from the second end of the three-way connecting pipe 34, the third valve 38 is used for switching on and off the third end of the three-way connecting pipe 34, and the third connector 37 is used for connecting or separating the third end of the three-way connecting pipe 34 from the vacuum pump 40.
By adopting the arrangement, the on-off of the pipeline and the adjustment of the fluid flow in the pipeline are easy to realize, and the modularized thermochemical heat storage system is convenient to flexibly control. In addition, the first connector 35 is disassembled and assembled to realize the independent disassembly, assembly or replacement of the heat storage bin 10, so that the system is of a split structure, and the water collection bin 20 of the heat storage bin 10 can be stored respectively; the second connector 36 is disassembled and assembled to realize the independent disassembly, assembly or replacement of the water collecting bin 20, so that the system is of a split structure and can store the water collecting bin 20 of the heat storage bin 10 respectively; the vacuum pump 40 can be attached or detached via the third connector 37 to evacuate, seal and regulate the modular thermal chemical heat storage system using the vacuum pump 40 when needed.
In this scheme, both the heat storage bin 10 and the water collecting bin 20 can be heated or cooled in two ways. For example, the housing of the heat storage compartment 10 heats or cools the heat storage compartment 10 by external ambient heat transfer, and the housing of the water collection compartment 20 heats or cools the water collection compartment 20 by external ambient heat transfer.
Or in the case that the external environment temperature is not suitable, as shown in fig. 3, in the third embodiment, the first coil 51 is disposed inside the heat storage bin 10, and the fluid input into the first coil 51 heats or cools the heat storage bin 10; the second coil 52 is arranged in the water collecting bin 20, and fluid input into the second coil 52 heats or cools the water collecting bin 20. The temperature controllability in the heat storage bin 10 and the water collecting bin 20 can be improved by actively inputting high-temperature or low-temperature fluid through the coil pipe, so that the thermochemical reaction rate is controlled and regulated, and the heat absorption and release rates of the system are controlled.
In the fourth embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, in order to reduce dependence on external environment and improve independence of the modularized thermochemical heat storage system, a circulation pipeline capable of running or stopping is arranged in the heat storage bin 10 and the water collection bin 20, a part of heat generated by heat release of the heat storage bin 10 heats fluid in the circulation pipeline, the heated fluid is conveyed to the water collection bin 20 to heat the water collection bin 20, and another part of heat generated by heat release of the heat storage bin 10 heats an external heated device. The heating device can be a household device such as a household water heater, and also can be an industrial device.
Through the arrangement, when the environment temperature is insufficient, the heat release working condition can utilize a part of heat released by the heat storage bin 10 to heat the water collection bin 20 through the circulating pipeline, fluid in the circulating pipeline flows into the water collection bin 20 to heat the water collection bin 20 after being heated in the heat storage bin 10, so that water in the water collection bin 20 is continuously changed into water vapor, and the continuous progress of the heat release reaction is ensured.
Specifically, the circulation pipeline comprises a first coil 51, a second coil 52, a circulation pump 53 and a control valve 54, wherein the first coil 51 is arranged in the heat storage bin 10, the second coil 52 is arranged in the water collection bin 20 and is communicated with the first coil 51, the circulation pump 53 is used for driving fluid flow in the circulation pipeline, and the control valve 54 is used for switching on and off the circulation pipeline. Thus, through the cooperation of the first coil pipe 51, the second coil pipe 52, the circulating pump 53 and the control valve 54, the flow of the fluid, the adjustment of the flow rate and the flow velocity are realized, and the thermochemical reaction speed in the heat storage bin 10 is controlled.
As shown in fig. 5, in the fifth embodiment, in order to accelerate the start of the heat release process, the water collecting bin 20 is provided with two adjacent independent cavities, and the two independent cavities respectively store liquid water and phase change material; under the heat storage working condition, the water vapor entering the water collection bin 20 heats the phase change material and melts the phase change material, so that heat can be stored through the phase change material; under the exothermic working condition, the nucleation and crystallization promoting operation is performed on the phase-change material to solidify the phase-change material and release heat, and the heat released by the phase-change material heats the liquid water to continuously generate water vapor.
The phase change material may be sodium acetate trihydrate, etc. and the sodium acetate trihydrate is encapsulated in the water collecting bin 20, so that heat transfer can be performed on water in the water collecting bin 20, but no mass transfer exists. In the heat storage process, the sodium acetate trihydrate is heated and melted after the high-temperature vapor enters the water collection bin 20, and the sodium acetate trihydrate is not crystallized due to the supercooling characteristic of the sodium acetate trihydrate along with the temperature reduction, but when the heat storage bin 10 is required to release heat, the sodium acetate trihydrate can be quickly crystallized by the control of promoting nucleation crystallization and releasing a large amount of heat, so that the water in the water collection bin 20 is heated continuously to generate the vapor, and the quick start of the heat release process of the heat storage bin 10 is realized.
In order to improve the heat exchange effect, a heat exchange structure is arranged in the water collection bin 20, and the heat exchange structure penetrates into the two independent cavities, so that the heat exchange between liquid water or water vapor and the phase change material is enhanced. The heat exchange structure can be ribs, heat exchange rods and the like, and is made of a material with good heat conduction.
In this solution, the modular thermochemical heat storage system can also be designed to comprise a plurality of heat storage tanks 10, any one of the plurality of heat storage tanks 10 being alternatively connected to or disconnected from the water collection tank 20 by a pipe assembly 30; alternatively, the modular thermochemical water collection system includes a plurality of water collection tanks 20, any one of the plurality of water collection tanks 20 being alternatively connected to or disconnected from heat storage tank 10 by a piping assembly 30.
Therefore, the heat storage bin 10 or the water collection bin 20 can be split and replaced according to the needs, the modularized thermochemical heat storage system is more flexibly applied, the cost for replacing and storing the heat storage bin 10 is reduced when long-term heat storage is facilitated, the heat is stored in the heat storage bin 10, only the heat storage bin 10 needs to be replaced and stored, and due to the modularized design, one water collection bin 20 and the pipeline assembly 30 can be sequentially connected with a plurality of heat storage bins 10 in a butt joint mode, and the number of the water collection bins 20 needing to be produced is reduced.
In another aspect of the invention, a control method is provided for the modular thermochemical heat storage system described above, the control method comprising the steps of:
under the heat storage working condition, a valve of the control pipeline assembly 30 is opened to heat the hydration heat storage medium in the heat storage bin 10 so as to cause decomposition reaction; in order to maintain the continuous progress of the decomposition reaction, the water collecting bin 20 is cooled, so that water vapor generated by the decomposition reaction enters the water collecting bin 20 to be condensed into liquid water;
Under the heat release working condition, a valve of the control pipeline assembly 30 is opened to heat the water collection bin 20, water vapor generated by heating enters the heat storage bin 10, the water vapor and a dehydrated heat storage medium in the heat storage bin 10 carry out hydration reaction and release heat, and the released heat is used for life or industrial requirements; wherein, the heat release rate in the heat storage bin 10 is adjusted by controlling the heating rate of the water collection bin 20 or controlling the opening of the valve of the pipeline assembly 30;
under the working conditions of non heat storage and heat release, the valve of the control pipeline assembly 30 is closed, so that the water in the water collecting bin 20 and the heat storage medium in the heat storage bin 10 are separated, and long-term storage is realized.
Through the steps, the heat storage and release operation of the modularized thermochemical heat storage system is realized, the thermochemical reaction is ensured to be continuously carried out, and the modularized thermochemical heat storage system can be shut down, sealed and stored for a long time as required.
Further, the control method further comprises the following steps:
Under the working conditions of non heat storage and heat release, the vacuum pump 40 is connected with the pipeline assembly 30, a cavity communicated with the vacuum pump 40 in the modularized thermochemical heat storage system is vacuumized, and the pressure in the vacuumized cavity is less than 1kPa;
In the initial preparation stage of the heat storage working condition or the heat release working condition, connecting a vacuum pump 40 with a pipeline assembly 30, vacuumizing a cavity communicated with the vacuum pump 40 in the modularized thermochemical heat storage system, wherein the pressure in the vacuumized cavity is less than 1kPa;
separating the vacuum pump 40 from the piping assembly 30, or closing a valve in the piping assembly 30 corresponding to the vacuum pump 40, without the need for evacuation;
The modularized thermochemical heat storage system with the integrated structure is sealed and stored, and the vacuumizing operation is only needed once, or is carried out when the performance of the modularized thermochemical heat storage system is attenuated to be smaller than a set standard, so that the performance of the modularized thermochemical heat storage system is recovered.
The vacuum environment in the heat storage bin 10 and the water collecting bin 20 can be realized through the vacuum pump 40, the vacuum degree is regulated and controlled, so that the vapor required by the hydration heat release process can be started at the ambient temperature, the potential of low-grade heat energy in the application environment is greatly increased, oxygen, carbon dioxide and inert and non-condensable gases can be driven away due to the vacuum environment in the system, the heat storage medium can be prevented from being oxidized and carbonized, the mass transfer resistance can be reduced, the water evaporation and condensation power can be increased, and the vapor can be more rapidly and more fully diffused into the whole heat storage bin 10, so that the reaction speed and the energy conversion rate are improved. By controlling the water vapor pressure, the thermochemical reaction process can be more flexibly and actively regulated and controlled in real time.
In addition, as the system is in a vacuum environment, liquid water can be boiled under the low-temperature condition, so that the water collecting bin 20 can absorb heat from the environment, thereby realizing refrigeration, namely, the water collecting bin 20 is heated by using the environment temperature to generate water vapor and react with heat storage medium in the heat storage bin 10, thus realizing the refrigeration of the environment, avoiding additionally providing energy for heating the water collecting bin 20, and improving the energy conversion rate.
Further, the control method further comprises the following steps:
when needed, the separated heat storage bin 10 and the water collecting bin 20 are connected into an integral structure through the pipeline assembly 30 to perform thermochemical reaction, or the connected heat storage bin 10 and the connected water collecting bin 20 are disconnected into a split structure through the pipeline assembly 30 to realize split long-term storage;
Or, the plurality of heat storage bins 10 are arranged, the heat storage bins 10 which are needed to be used are connected with the water collecting bin 20 through the pipeline assembly 30, and the heat storage bins 10 which are not needed to be used are disconnected with the water collecting bin 20; or, the plurality of water collecting tanks 20 are arranged, the water collecting tanks 20 which are needed to be used are connected with the heat storage tanks 10 through the pipeline components 30, and the water collecting tanks 20 which are not needed to be used are disconnected with the heat storage tanks 10. Therefore, the heat storage bin 10 or the water collection bin 20 can be detached and replaced as required, the modularized thermochemical heat storage system is more flexibly applied, and the cost for replacing and storing the heat storage bin 10 during long-term heat storage is reduced.
The modularized thermochemical heat storage system and the control method provided by the invention have the following characteristics or technical effects:
The modularized thermochemical heat storage system can be quickly started up, the thermochemical reaction power in the heat storage and release process is enhanced, the utilization capacity of low-grade heat energy in the environment is improved through the sealing and the regulation and control of vacuum pressure conditions, the pipeline assembly 30 is matched for use, the integrated or split sealing and replacement can be realized, the stored chemical energy is ensured to be free of loss for a long time, and the modularized operation advantage is realized.
When no thermal chemical reaction (no heat filling and heat release requirements) exists, the heat storage bin 10 and the water collection bin 20 can realize pressure condition sealing above the medium vacuum level (< 1 kPa) of the split and integrated (non-communicated) areas through the pipeline assembly 30 and the matched vacuum pump 40. On the one hand, oxidation (the enhanced heat transfer medium is oxidized by O 2 under the high temperature condition) and carbonization (the heat storage medium and CO 2 are carbonized) in the system are avoided, the heat storage performance, the heat transfer performance and the stability of the heat storage medium are ensured, and the long-term sealing is convenient without chemical energy loss; on the other hand, the replacement and the adaptation of each split body are convenient, and the modularization and the flexible application of the split body are convenient.
When thermochemical reaction (with heat filling and heat release requirements) is carried out, the pipe assembly 30 and the vacuum pump 40 are matched to realize split connection, and pressure conditions above the medium and low vacuum (< 50 kPa) level in the communicating body are maintained to be sealed and regulated (wherein the pressure conditions above the medium and low vacuum level are initial requirements of the thermochemical reaction, and the low vacuum pressure conditions are caused by the rising of the vapor pressure of the communicating cavity in the thermochemical reaction process). This creates three technical advantages:
(1) Oxygen, carbon dioxide and inert and non-condensable gases in the cavity of the system and in the gaps of the heat storage medium are driven away (the occupation of the inert and non-condensable gases greatly increases the mass transfer resistance in the pipeline and the pores of the heat storage medium), so that the migration speed of water evaporation, condensation power and water vapor in the pipeline and the pores of the heat storage medium is obviously accelerated, and finally the thermochemical reaction power, conversion rate and response speed are improved (for a heating process, the thermal decomposition temperature of the heat storage medium is further reduced, namely the heating is facilitated, for an exothermic process, the initial hydration reaction of the heat storage medium is accelerated, and the hot starting speed is improved);
(2) The water evaporation required by the hydration heat release process can be started at the ambient temperature by regulating the vacuum degree, so that the potential of low-grade heat energy in the application environment is greatly increased;
(3) The thermochemical reaction process (including the process, the reaction rate and the important parameters of the reaction temperature position) can be flexibly and actively regulated and controlled in real time by controlling the water vapor pressure in the system.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A modular thermochemical heat storage system comprising:
The heat storage bin (10) is filled with heat storage medium which is used as a thermochemical reaction area;
the water collecting bin (20) is used for storing liquid water as an evaporation and condensation area;
The pipeline assembly (30) can connect the heat storage bin (10) and the water collection bin (20) into an integrated structure, or disconnect the heat storage bin (10) and the water collection bin (20) into a split structure, and the pipeline assembly (30) can be connected with the vacuum pump (40) and realize the sealing and regulation of the vacuum pressure condition of the modularized thermochemical heat storage system as required;
the modularized thermochemical heat storage system has a heat storage working condition and a heat release working condition, under the heat storage working condition, a hydration heat storage medium in the heat storage bin (10) absorbs heat to generate decomposition reaction, and water vapor separated out by the decomposition reaction enters the water collection bin (20) to be condensed and stored; under the heat release working condition, water in the water collecting bin (20) absorbs heat to form water vapor, and the water vapor enters the heat storage bin (10) to generate hydration reaction with dehydrated heat storage medium to release heat.
2. The modular thermochemical heat storage system according to claim 1, wherein the pipe assembly (30) comprises a regulating valve (31), the regulating valve (31) being openable and closable to connect or disconnect the heat storage compartment (10) and the water collection compartment (20), and the opening of the regulating valve (31) being adjustable to regulate the flow of water vapour delivered by the pipe assembly (30).
3. The modular thermochemical heat storage system of claim 2, wherein the regulator valve (31) comprises a first valve (311) and a second valve (312), the conduit assembly (30) further comprising a first nipple (32), a second nipple (33), a tee nipple (34), a first joint (35), a second joint (36), a third joint (37) and a third valve (38); the heat storage device comprises a heat storage bin (10), a first connecting pipe (32), a first valve (311), a second connecting pipe (33), a third valve (312), a third valve (38), a third joint (37) and a vacuum pump (40), wherein one end of the first connecting pipe (32) is connected with the heat storage bin (10), the first valve (311) is used for connecting and disconnecting the first connecting pipe (32) and the first end of the three-way connecting pipe (34), the first valve (311) is used for adjusting the flow of the first connecting pipe (32), one end of the second connecting pipe (33) is connected with the water collection bin (20), the second valve (312) is used for connecting and disconnecting the third end of the third connecting pipe (34), and the first joint (35) is used for connecting or disconnecting the third end of the three-way connecting pipe (34) and the vacuum pump (40).
4. The modular thermochemical heat storage system of claim 1, wherein,
The shell of the heat storage bin (10) heats or cools the heat storage bin (10) through heat transfer of an external environment, or a first coil (51) is arranged in the heat storage bin (10), and fluid input in the first coil (51) heats or cools the heat storage bin (10);
the shell of the water collection bin (20) heats or cools the water collection bin (20) through external environment heat transfer, or a second coil (52) is arranged in the water collection bin (20), and fluid input in the second coil (52) heats or cools the water collection bin (20).
5. The modularized thermochemical heat storage system according to claim 1, wherein a circulation pipeline capable of running or stopping is arranged in the heat storage bin (10) and the water collection bin (20), a part of heat generated by heat release of the heat storage bin (10) heats fluid in the circulation pipeline, the heated fluid is conveyed to the water collection bin (20) to heat the water collection bin (20), and the other part of heat generated by heat release of the heat storage bin (10) heats an external heating device.
6. The modular thermochemical heat storage system of claim 5, wherein the circulation line comprises a first coil (51), a second coil (52), a circulation pump (53) and a control valve (54), the first coil (51) being disposed within the heat storage bin (10), the second coil (52) being disposed within the water collection bin (20) and in communication with the first coil (51), the circulation pump (53) being for driving fluid flow within the circulation line, the control valve (54) being for switching the circulation line on and off.
7. The modular thermochemical heat storage system according to claim 1, wherein the water collection bin (20) has two adjacent independent cavities, wherein liquid water and phase change material are respectively stored in the two independent cavities; under the heat storage working condition, the water vapor entering the water collection bin (20) heats the phase change material and melts the phase change material; under the exothermic working condition, the nucleation and crystallization promoting operation is performed on the phase-change material to solidify the phase-change material and release heat, and the heat released by the phase-change material heats the liquid water to continuously generate water vapor.
8. The modular thermochemical heat storage system according to claim 7, wherein a heat exchange structure is provided in the water collection bin (20), said heat exchange structure penetrating into two of said independent cavities to enhance the heat exchange of liquid water or water vapor with phase change material.
9. The modular thermochemical heat storage system of claim 1, wherein,
The modular thermochemical heat storage system comprises a plurality of heat storage bins (10), any one of the plurality of heat storage bins (10) being alternatively connected or disconnected from the water collection bin (20) by the pipe assembly (30); or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
The modular thermochemical water collection system comprises a plurality of water collection tanks (20), any one of the plurality of water collection tanks (20) being alternatively connected to or disconnected from the heat storage tank (10) by means of the pipe assembly (30).
10. A control method for the modular thermochemical heat storage system of any one of claims 1 to 9, the control method comprising:
under the heat storage working condition, a valve of the pipeline assembly (30) is controlled to be opened, and a hydration heat storage medium in the heat storage bin (10) is heated to enable decomposition reaction to occur; cooling the water collection bin (20) to enable water vapor generated by the decomposition reaction to enter the water collection bin (20) to be condensed into liquid water;
Under the heat release working condition, a valve of the pipeline assembly (30) is controlled to be opened, the water collecting bin (20) is heated, steam generated by heating enters the heat storage bin (10), the steam and a dehydrated heat storage medium in the heat storage bin (10) are subjected to hydration reaction and release heat, and the released heat is used for life or industrial requirements; wherein the heat release rate in the heat storage bin (10) is adjusted by controlling the heating rate of the water collection bin (20) or controlling the opening of a valve of the pipeline assembly (30);
And under the working conditions of non heat storage and heat release, the valve of the pipeline assembly (30) is controlled to be closed, so that water in the water collecting bin (20) and heat storage media in the heat storage bin (10) are separated, and long-term storage is realized.
11. The control method according to claim 10, characterized in that the control method further comprises:
Under the working conditions of non-heat storage and heat release, connecting a vacuum pump (40) with the pipeline assembly (30), and vacuumizing a cavity communicated with the vacuum pump (40) in the modularized thermochemical heat storage system, wherein the pressure in the vacuumized cavity is less than 1kPa;
In the initial preparation stage of a heat storage working condition or an exothermic working condition, connecting the vacuum pump (40) with the pipeline assembly (30), and vacuumizing a cavity communicated with the vacuum pump (40) in the modularized thermochemical heat storage system, wherein the pressure in the vacuumized cavity is less than 1kPa;
Separating the vacuum pump (40) from the pipeline assembly (30) or closing a valve corresponding to the vacuum pump (40) in the pipeline assembly (30) under the condition that vacuum pumping is not required;
And the modularized thermochemical heat storage system sealed by the integrated structure is subjected to vacuumizing operation only once, or is subjected to vacuumizing operation when the performance of the modularized thermochemical heat storage system is attenuated to be smaller than a set standard, so that the performance of the modularized thermochemical heat storage system is recovered.
12. The control method according to claim 10, characterized in that the control method further comprises:
When needed, the separated heat storage bin (10) and the separated water collection bin (20) are connected into an integrated structure through the pipeline assembly (30), or the connected heat storage bin (10) and the connected water collection bin (20) are disconnected into a split structure through the pipeline assembly (30); or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
The number of the heat storage bins (10) is multiple, the heat storage bins (10) which are needed to be used are connected with the water collecting bin (20) through the pipeline assembly (30), and the heat storage bins (10) which are not needed to be used are disconnected with the water collecting bin (20); or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
The number of the water collecting bins (20) is multiple, the water collecting bins (20) which are needed to be used are connected with the heat storage bin (10) through the pipeline assembly (30), and the water collecting bins (20) which are not needed to be used are disconnected with the heat storage bin (10).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN119554904A (en) * | 2025-01-24 | 2025-03-04 | 深圳大学 | Heat storage device based on chemical reversible thermal effect and control method of heat storage device |
| CN119617935A (en) * | 2024-12-11 | 2025-03-14 | 上海交通大学 | A thermochemical energy storage module and device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN119617935A (en) * | 2024-12-11 | 2025-03-14 | 上海交通大学 | A thermochemical energy storage module and device |
| CN119554904A (en) * | 2025-01-24 | 2025-03-04 | 深圳大学 | Heat storage device based on chemical reversible thermal effect and control method of heat storage device |
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