CN1185183C - Multicompentnt granular urea and its production process - Google Patents
Multicompentnt granular urea and its production process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1185183C CN1185183C CNB01144147XA CN01144147A CN1185183C CN 1185183 C CN1185183 C CN 1185183C CN B01144147X A CNB01144147X A CN B01144147XA CN 01144147 A CN01144147 A CN 01144147A CN 1185183 C CN1185183 C CN 1185183C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to granular multi-element urea which contains 60 to 80 wt% of urea, 10 to 20 wt% of ammonium sulfate and 10 to 20 wt% of dolomite, and the grain diameter of the granular multi-element urea is from 2 to 4 millimeters. The present invention also discloses a production method which comprises the steps of urea solution evaporation, preheating of ammonium sulfate and dolomite, mixing preparation, granulation, cooling and packaging. The granular multi-element urea of the present invention leads in secondary elements, such as sulphur, magnesium and calcium, which are needed in the growth of crops. The present invention overcomes the defect of single ingredient of the traditional urea for agricultural use, makes the nutrient of soil balanced and increase the output of crops; the grain diameter of the granular multi-element urea is from 2 to 4 millimeters, and the granular multi-element urea has the advantages of large granularity, high intensity, difficult deliquescence, slow release, good fertilizer effect and convenient application and transport. The present invention has the advantages of simple production technology, easy operation, little investment and low cost, and the present invention is suitable for industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel agrochemical urea, particularly relate to the multi-granular urea and production method that contains calcium, magnesium, sulphur.
Technical background
At present, agrochemical mainly be according to plant-growth required nitrogenous fertilizer arranged, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, wherein with nitrogenous fertilizer, especially urea is main fertilizer, replace the ammonium sulfate of always continuing to use in the past, and have and increase trend day by day, the phenomenon that peasant's preference is used urea is very general, although urea is a kind of fast effect nitrogenous fertilizer, make crop growth vigorous, increase yield significantly, but urea is a kind of single nitrogen fertilizer, does not contain the nutritive element of other farm crop needs, fertilizer is single, particle is little, intensity difference, easily caking, the cost height, because the single urea fertilizer of life-time service, cause in the soil nutrient unbalance, some elements are failed timely supply, lack some required elements of plant in the soil, sulphur for example, magnesium, calcium etc. cause soil physico-chemical property to change, and the soil acidification phenomenon that hardens is serious, the nutrient utilization ratio is low, quality of agricultural product descends, and therefore increasing environmental pollution needs to give soil in time to replenish the sulphur that farm crop need easily be ingested, magnesium, the agrochemical urea of amount nutritive element in the calcium etc.
Ammonium sulfate is a kind of source of supply of the sulphur of nutritive element preferably, it is to supply with sulphur with the form that plant directly absorbs, but its sulphur content is too high, nitrogen content lower (21%), and do not contain the required nutritive element of other farm crop, in the prior art, have ammonium sulfate and urea are combined together, reducing nitrogen content increases the mixed type urea of sulphur content, for example Chinese patent publication number CN88102293A discloses a kind of granulated fertilizer of producing with urea and ammonium sulfate, it is 70-99.9% with the ammonium sulfate urea concentration of spraying in fluidized-bed, aqueous urea liquid, thereby urea is applied to granulated fertilizer on the material of described ammonium sulfate.This fertilizer only adds a kind of element sulphur on the basis of former urea, still do not satisfy the requirement of farm crop to amount nutritive element in multiple, and this method adopts fluidized-bed, ammonium sulfate need be produced the particle of suitable size in advance, complex process equipment, investment is big, reduces the concentration of urea soln, energy consumption in the time of certainly will increasing dry moisture, its power consumption is higher.
In recent years, along with agricultural develops rapidly to the high-tech direction, fertilising also will apply fertilizers scientifically, the middle amount nutritive element that needing multiple kinds of crops especially needs is gathered in a kind of fertilizer, and nitrogen content decreases, and guarantees the quality and yield of farm crop, continual and steady volume increase, soil is not worsened.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the single deficiency of current urea fertilizer, through long-term development research, fertilizer efficiency investigation and the production practice of farm crop, exploitation provides a kind of nutritive elements such as calcium, magnesium, sulphur of being rich in, production technique is simple, easy handling, cost is low, the multi-granular urea and production method that purposes is wide.
Multicompentnt granular urea provided by the invention comprises 60-80% (weight) urea, 10-20% (weight) ammonium sulfate, and 10-20% (weight) rhombspar or be rich in the mineral substance of calcium, magnesium elements, granular urea is of a size of the 2-4 millimeter, and intensity is greater than 10N.
In multicompentnt granular urea provided by the invention, described urea is commercially available urea or liquid area, the preferred liquid area solution that obtains in the urea production process that directly uses, this urea soln is for example through one section, dual circulation, and vacuum concentration is to 99.0-99.7% (weight) urea under 135-140 ℃ of temperature.Urea content in multicompentnt granular urea is 60-80% (weight), is preferably 70% (weight).This content can suitably be regulated according to farm crop and different areas soil regime, and making the multicompentnt granular urea total nitrogen content is 35-40% (weight), can make multicompentnt granular urea production have more handiness like this, has demonstrated fully the characteristics because of ground fertilising diversification.
Described ammonium sulfate is crystal ammonium sulfate, its grain diameter≤0.4 millimeter, for providing farm crop, multicompentnt granular urea produces the desired nutritional elementary sulfur, content is 10-20% (weight) in multicompentnt granular urea, the content that makes its nutritive element sulphur in multicompentnt granular urea is 2-5% (weight), can also suitably regulate element sulphur content according to farm crop and different areas soil difference situation simultaneously, satisfy the requirement of each farm crop and soil thereof.Because farm crop can not absorb required nutritive element sulphur in process of growth, tender leaf of farm crop will become yellow-green colour, when a lack of sulfur is serious, cause iron chlorosis, multicompentnt granular urea of the present invention provides required element sulphur for crop growth, guarantee the farm crop normal growth, reach the effect of increasing production of guaranteeing the quality.
Described rhombspar is the natural white (Mgco of white clouds
3.Caco
3), also can use the mineral substance that is rich in nutritive elements such as calcium magnesium, mainly provide farm crop to produce nutritive elements such as required calcium, magnesium, it is the required middle amount nutritive element of crop growth, calcium, magnesium are the important component parts of plant, if farm crop lack calcium, many plant root growths are reduced, root rot takes place often, when moderate, delicate leaf becomes deformity, stops growing, and spot or downright bad zone occur; When serious, phenomenon and tip buds die generally appear collapsing in vegetative point.When lacking magnesium, for example the leaf of cotton bottom reddens.The leaf of the bottom of sweet potato becomes safran along the place of vein.Striped or chlorosis appear between the vein of cereal; Scarlet appears on the leaf of bottom when serious often.
In the incorporation of fertilizerin the soil with calcic and magnesium, its result except satisfying the nutritive element that lacks, promotes to also have following advantage outside the plant-growth:
Promote the effect of phosphorus element, pH value is very low and contain the very high soil of oxide compound of aluminium and iron, and phosphatic effectiveness is just low, because will interact between these compounds.PH value is neutralized to 6-7, and phosphatic effectiveness will increase, because different with phosphoric acid salt, iron and aluminium will generate precipitation, if pH value increases again, efficient also can reduce, because calcium and magnesium will generate the calcium phosphate precipitation of calcium and magnesium with microcosmic salt.
Promote the nitrification of nitrogen: very most organism needs calcium when being responsible for that ammonification become nitrate.
Help nitrogen fixation, add calcium and magnesium and help the nitrogen fixation process.Absorb the optimizing of micronutrient element, though a small amount of micronutrient element be for plant health grow up needed, whenever, any trace element, exist with effective form, but it is too big to work as concentration, it will become poisonous and plant will be produced opposite result.Add calcium and magnesium and can regulate trace elements absorbed.
Improve the physical state of soil: add the structure that calcium and magnesium can improve the thin soil of quality.
Comprise farm crop required moderate-element sulphur, calcium, magnesium in the multicompentnt granular urea provided by the invention, overcome the single defective of traditional nitrogen fertilizer in agriculture composition, satisfied all kinds of farm crop and the required moderate-element of different areas soil difference, adjusted the nutrient equilibrium of soil, be more suitable for the growth needs of crop, the urea granules granularity increases to the 2-4 millimeter, uniform particles, intensity height, be difficult for deliquescence, have mitigation capability, fertilizer efficiency is good, easy to use and transportation.
The production method of multicompentnt granular urea provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
1, crystal urea is transformed into or urea soln through evaporation, and vacuum-evaporation under 135-140 ℃ of temperature is concentrated into the melt that concentration is 99.0-99.7% (weight).
2, with the dry ammonium sulfate of powdery, rhombspar is preheated to 135-140 ℃ respectively.
3, the material that step 1 and 2 is obtained in mixing device, obtains fused salt mixt by described weight ratio mixing.
4, with the fused salt mixt of step 3 in 135-140 ℃, sprinkling pelleting rapidly in prilling tower, and be cooled to 100 ℃ crystallizes into particulate product.
5, the crystalline particle product of step 4 is cooled to 30-40 ℃ multicompentnt granular urea product in fluidized bed cooler, then packaging final prod.
In the production method according to multicompentnt granular urea provided by the invention, described urea soln is preferably the urea soln that directly obtains in the urea production process under 135-140 ℃ of temperature, through one section, dual circulation, vacuum-evaporation under 135-140 ℃ of temperature is concentrated into concentration 99.0-99.7% (weight).One section, the dual circulation condition can be identical or different; The spissated vacuum tightness of vacuum-evaporation is not strict with.
Described ammonium sulfate and the preheating of rhombspar solid material are that ammonia sulfate crystal and the ground dolomite with particle diameter≤0.4 millimeter is preheated to 135-140 ℃ respectively in primary heater unit, solid materials after the preheating is delivered to solid materials header tank on the prilling tower by wind, goes into mixing tank through the rapid dosing of rotatory feeder valve again.Adopt the preheating of solid materials ammonium sulfate and rhombspar elder generation, thereby improved the mixed effect of solids liq material; Adopt wind to send operation to deliver to prilling tower cat head mixing tank fast, shortened its residence time in mixing tank, help reducing the generation of biuret, improved the quality of multicompentnt granular urea.Described mixing tank is provided with inside and outside coiled pipe high pressure steam insulation, guarantees that temperature is controlled between 135-140 ℃ in the mixing tank, helps reducing the generation of biuret; Adopt the top discharge mode, keep suitable liquid level, prevent that solid materials from stopping up, in be provided with agitator make molten materials in mixing tank the residence time less than 30 seconds, help reducing the generation of biuret, the shower nozzle of dress propeller agitator in the mixing tank inner top is provided with, this agitator produces end thrust, mixing solutions forms dirty in the shower nozzle, solid materials and urea melt thorough mixing are even, so this agitator can stop solid materials to sink and stop up shower nozzle, nozzle openings and bore size are ascending from bottom to up being evenly distributed, solved solid materials in the mixing solutions thus and sunk to stopping up the problem of shower nozzle greatly, obtained polynary granular urea fertilizer because of density.
Described granulation is to carry out in prilling tower, and the fused salt mixt under 135-140 ℃ is delivered to prilling spry spray in the prilling tower rapidly and descended, and contacts with freezing air in the tower is reverse, is cooled to 100 ℃ and crystallizes into the macrobead product.Because adopt sprinkling pelleting technology, the dust average content in the exhaust emissions is reduced to 30mg/Nm
3, directly improved production equipment district surrounding enviroment.
The particle diameter of gained multicompentnt granular urea is the 2-4 millimeter, and total nitrogen content is 35-40% (weight), sulphur content 2-5% (weight), CaO content is 2-4% (weight), and MgO content is 1-2% (weight), free water content≤0.5%, average intensity 〉=12N, water absorbability is＜1.8% (weight).
Multi-granular urea and production method characteristics provided by the invention are:
1, owing to imported quasi-mineral and the crystalline fertilizer of sulphur ammonium and the specific production method thereof of rhombspar, make multicompentnt granular urea be rich in amount nutritive element in the required sulphur of farm crop, calcium, the magnesium etc., be urea fertilizer of new generation, total nitrogen content is 35-40%, overcome the single defective of traditional nitrogen fertilizer in agriculture composition, help improving soil, regulate the nutrient equilibrium, be fit to the crop growth needs more.The multicompentnt granular urea size increases to 2-4 millimeter (urea 1-2 millimeter), and intensity increases to 10N above (urea is below 10N), uniform particles, and the intensity height is difficult for deliquescence, has to alleviate to release function, and fertilizer efficiency is good, is convenient to use and transport.Because particle self inherent mitigation capability, fertilizer efficiency is given full play to and kept permanent.Particle is heavy, when artificial and machinery is shed, can pound in the soil, be difficult for decomposing and running off, be beneficial to crop root and absorb, improved fertilizer efficiency greatly, the effective rate of utilization of nitrogen can improve about 30%, having improved the environmental pollution that nitrogen runs off and caused, is a comprehensive management of environmental protection measure with far-reaching significance, has extensive, good social benefit.Show that through the rice application test-results volume increase is up to 10-15.6%.
2, technology is simple, easy handling, and cost is low, has improved the novelty and the suitability of urea series products; Purposes is wider, and fertilizer efficiency is higher.
3, adopt the preheating of solid materials elder generation in the production method, thereby improved the mixed effect of solid-liquid material, adopted wind to send operation again simultaneously, shortened its residence time in mixing tank fast to granulation cat head mixing tank, help reducing the generation of biuret, improve the quality of multicompentnt granular urea.
4, mixing tank guarantees that mixing of materials is even, and urea dissolution liquid temperature variation is little, and the residence time is short, reduces the generation of biuret.Adopt sprinkling pelleting technology to make dust content in the exhaust emissions by 120-150mg/Nm
3Reduce to 30mg/Nm
3, directly improved production equipment district surrounding enviroment, and made the effective rate of utilization of nitrogen improve 30%, improved the environmental pollution that nitrogen runs off and caused, comprehensive management of environmental protection measure with far-reaching significance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the technological process of production synoptic diagram of multicompentnt granular urea.
1, raw material sulphuric acid ammonium 2, wind send device 3, rhombspar 4, wind to send device
5
1, 5
2Header tank 6, separation 7, urea soln 8, shower nozzle
9, prilling tower 10, rotary conveyor 11, fluidized bed cooler
12, finished product packing 13, cyclonic separator
Specific embodiments
The present invention further specifies the present invention with the following example, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
1, with aqueous solution of urea through one section, dual circulation, vacuum-evaporation is concentrated into concentration 99.0-99.7% (weight) under 135--140 ℃ of temperature, is pumped to mixing tank on the tower through separator 6 by fusing urea.
2, the dry ammonia sulfate crystal of powdery, rhombspar are preheated to 135 ℃ through preliminary heating device respectively, wind is delivered to solid materials header tank (5 on the tower
1, 5
2), enter mixing tank by the rotatory feeder valve dosing again.
3, ammonia sulfate crystal, rhombspar and urea melting liquid thorough mixing in mixing tank, blending ratio is: 70% (weight) urea soln, 20% (weight) ammonia sulfate crystal, 10% (weight) rhombspar, heat while stirring, obtain mixing dissolved salt.
4, under 135-140 ℃, will mix dissolved salt and deliver in the prilling tower 9 prilling spry 8 sprays rapidly and descend, contact, and be cooled to 100 ℃ and crystallize into the macrobead product with freezing air in the tower is reverse.
5, by the macrobead product of preliminary crystallisation by cooling, deliver into fluidized bed cooler 11 through belt and be cooled to 40 ℃, the products obtained therefrom index is: total nitrogen content 36.93% (weight), sulphur content 4.8% (weight), CaO content are 2.45% (weight), and MgO content is 1.06% (weight), free water content is not more than 0.5% (weight), 2 millimeters of averageparticle, average intensity is not less than 15N, water absorbability 1.8%.
Embodiment 2
1, with aqueous solution of urea through one section, dual circulation, vacuum-evaporation is concentrated into concentration 99.0-99.7% (weight) under 135--140 ℃ of temperature, delivers to mixing tank on the tower through separator 6 by dissolving urea pump.
2, the dry ammonium sulfate of powdery, rhombspar are preheated to 140 ℃ through preliminary heating device, directly wind is delivered to mixing tank on the tower.
3, ammonium sulfate, rhombspar and urea melting liquid thorough mixing in mixing tank, blending ratio is: 70% (weight) urea soln, 10% (weight) ammonia sulfate crystal, 20% (weight) rhombspar, heat while stirring, obtain fused salt mixt.
4, under 135-140 ℃, fused salt mixt delivered in the prilling tower 9 granulation spray and descending rapidly, contact, be cooled to 100 ℃ and crystallize into the macrobead product with freezing air in the tower is reverse.
5, by the macrobead product of preliminary crystallisation by cooling, deliver into fluidized bed cooler 11 through belt and be cooled to 30-35 ℃, the products obtained therefrom index is total nitrogen content 35.02% (weight), sulphur content 2.42% (weight), CaO content are 3.26% (weight), and MgO content is 1.48% (weight), free water content is not more than 0.5% (weight), 3.5 millimeters of median sizes, average intensity is not less than 15N, water absorbability 1.8%.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of multicompentnt granular urea is characterized in that comprising 60-80% (weight) urea, 10-20% (weight) ammonium sulfate, 10-20% (weight) rhombspar.
2, according to the multicompentnt granular urea of claim 1, it is characterized in that described urea content is 70% (weight), urea is the urea of 99.0-99.7% (weight).
3, according to each multicompentnt granular urea of claim 1-2, it is characterized in that the particle diameter of described multicompentnt granular urea is the 2-4 millimeter, intensity is greater than 10N.
4, a kind of production method of multicompentnt granular urea comprises the following steps:
(1) crystal urea is transformed into urea soln or urea soln through evaporation, and under 135--140 ℃ of temperature, vacuum-evaporation is concentrated into the melt that concentration is 99.0-99.7% (weight);
(2) the dry ammonium sulfate of powdery, rhombspar are preheated to 135--140 ℃ respectively;
(3) material that step (1) and (2) are obtained in mixing device, is pressed urea 60-80% (weight), and ammonium sulfate 10-20% (weight), rhombspar 10-20% (weight) mix and obtain fused salt mixt;
(4) with the fused salt mixt of step (3) in 135--140 ℃, sprinkling pelleting rapidly in prilling tower, and be cooled to 100 ℃ and crystallize into particulate product;
(5) the crystalline particle product of step (4) is cooled to 30-40 ℃ multicompentnt granular urea product in fluidized bed cooler, is packaged into finished product then.
5, according to the production method of the multicompentnt granular urea of claim 4, it is characterized in that described evaporation through one section, dual circulation, the evaporation conditions of a section and two sections can be identical or different.
6, according to the production method of the multicompentnt granular urea of claim 4, it is characterized in that in the described step (2) ammonia sulfate crystal and the rhombspar of particle diameter≤0.4 millimeter are preheated to 135--140 ℃ respectively in primary heater unit, the solid materials after the preheating is gone into mixing device by the rapid dosing of wind warp let-off rotatory feeder valve.
7, according to the production method of the multicompentnt granular urea of claim 4, it is characterized in that being provided with in the described mixing device inside and outside coiled pipe, the high pressure steam insulation, temperature is at 135-140 ℃ in the control mixing device; In establish agitator make molten materials in mixing the residence time less than 30 seconds; Be provided with the shower nozzle of propeller agitator in the top, nozzle openings and bore size are ascending from bottom to up being evenly distributed, this agitator produces end thrust, mixing solutions forms dirty in the shower nozzle, make solid materials and urea melt thorough mixing even, prevent that solid materials from sinking and the obstruction shower nozzle.
8, according to the production method of the multicompentnt granular urea of claim 4, it is characterized in that described step (4) granulation is to deliver in the prilling tower prilling spry spray rapidly and descend from mixing device 135--140 ℃ fused salt mixt, contact with freezing air in the tower is reverse, be cooled to 100 ℃, crystallize into macrobead 2-4 millimeter product.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB01144147XA CN1185183C (en) | 2001-12-13 | 2001-12-13 | Multicompentnt granular urea and its production process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB01144147XA CN1185183C (en) | 2001-12-13 | 2001-12-13 | Multicompentnt granular urea and its production process |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1357513A CN1357513A (en) | 2002-07-10 |
| CN1185183C true CN1185183C (en) | 2005-01-19 |
Family
ID=4677339
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB01144147XA Expired - Fee Related CN1185183C (en) | 2001-12-13 | 2001-12-13 | Multicompentnt granular urea and its production process |
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| CN (1) | CN1185183C (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102515978B (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2014-04-02 | 河南心连心化肥有限公司 | Slow-release urea and production method thereof |
| CN102731171B (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2014-02-19 | 四川美丰化工股份有限公司 | Solid urea fusion guniting granulation system |
| CN107848903B (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2021-09-21 | 斯塔米卡邦有限公司 | Granulation of urea products |
| CN107949552B (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2021-07-06 | 雅苒国际集团 | Process for preparing urea-based granular material comprising elemental sulphur |
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2001
- 2001-12-13 CN CNB01144147XA patent/CN1185183C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN1357513A (en) | 2002-07-10 |
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Assignee: Heilongjiang Heihua Limited by Share Ltd Assignor: Heilongjiang Chemial Group Co., Ltd., Heilongjiang Contract fulfillment period: 2009.9.20 to 2026.5.8 contract change Contract record no.: 2009230000041 Denomination of invention: Multicompentnt granular urea and its production process Granted publication date: 20050119 License type: Exclusive license Record date: 20091028 |
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Free format text: EXCLUSIVE LICENSE; TIME LIMIT OF IMPLEMENTING CONTACT: 2009.9.20 TO 2026.5.8; CHANGE OF CONTRACT Name of requester: HEILONGJIANG HEIHUA CO., LTD. Effective date: 20091028 |
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