CN118564314A - A Brayton cycle heat pump power storage system using isothermal compression - Google Patents
A Brayton cycle heat pump power storage system using isothermal compression Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
- F01K3/006—Accumulators and steam compressors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/006—Auxiliaries or details not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K21/00—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种采用等温压缩的布雷顿循环热泵储电系统，用于在用电低谷期将电能转化为热能和冷能进行储存，并在用电高峰期将储存的冷热能转化为电能释放，其储能回路包括驱动装置、储能压缩机、高温换热器、回热换热器、空气冷却器、储能膨胀机及低温换热器，释能回路包括第一级绝热压缩机、第二级等温压缩机、释能回热换热器、释能高温换热器、释能膨胀机、发电装置及释能低温换热器，蓄热单元包括蓄热低温罐和蓄热高温罐，蓄冷单元包括蓄冷高温罐和蓄冷低温罐。本发明通过采用等温压缩和多级压缩策略，本发明显著提高了系统的循环效率和储能密度，优化了能量转换过程和热量管理，提升了系统的整体性能和可靠性。
The present invention discloses a Brayton cycle heat pump power storage system using isothermal compression, which is used to convert electrical energy into heat energy and cold energy for storage during the off-peak period of electricity consumption, and convert the stored cold and heat energy into electrical energy for release during the peak period of electricity consumption. Its energy storage circuit includes a drive device, an energy storage compressor, a high-temperature heat exchanger, a recuperative heat exchanger, an air cooler, an energy storage expander and a low-temperature heat exchanger. The energy release circuit includes a first-stage adiabatic compressor, a second-stage isothermal compressor, an energy release recuperative heat exchanger, an energy release high-temperature heat exchanger, an energy release expander, a power generation device and an energy release low-temperature heat exchanger. The heat storage unit includes a heat storage low-temperature tank and a heat storage high-temperature tank, and the cold storage unit includes a cold storage high-temperature tank and a cold storage low-temperature tank. By adopting isothermal compression and multi-stage compression strategies, the present invention significantly improves the cycle efficiency and energy storage density of the system, optimizes the energy conversion process and heat management, and improves the overall performance and reliability of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage, relates to design and optimization of a heat pump electricity storage system, and particularly relates to a brayton cycle heat pump electricity storage system adopting isothermal compression.
Background
Energy storage is one of the key technologies for solving the intermittence and fluctuation of renewable energy sources, and a heat pump electricity storage system based on Brayton Cycle (Brayton Cycle) is widely focused because the problems that a large-scale energy storage technology is easily limited by geographical conditions and the like can be effectively solved. The electric energy is converted into heat energy through circulation based on the brayton cycle heat pump electric storage system, the heat energy is stored in the heat storage fluid and the cold storage fluid, and the compressor and the expander work as a heat pump during energy storage and work as a heat engine during energy release.
The heat pump electricity storage system based on the Brayton cycle is divided into two types according to different storage media, namely solid heat storage and liquid heat storage, and the solid heat storage is adopted to generate an inclined temperature layer and spread along a storage tank during heat storage, so that the system becomes complex, the problem of the inclined temperature layer can be effectively solved by using the liquid heat storage taking high-temperature molten salt as the medium, the system structure is obviously simplified, and the heat storage efficiency is improved. In addition, in order to adapt to the temperature range of the high-temperature molten salt of the liquid storage medium, a regenerator can be added into the system, and the round trip efficiency and the energy storage density of the system can be improved.
During the compression of the working fluid of the system, adiabatic compression and isothermal compression can be classified according to the compression mode. Adiabatic compression generally does not have inflow and outflow of heat in the compression process, and has the advantages of fast compression process and simple system structure. Isothermal compression exchanges heat between the working fluid and the liquid during compression to ensure that the temperature of the working fluid is as constant as possible, thereby saving energy and improving the efficiency of the system.
Currently, conventional brayton cycle heat pump electrical storage systems based on high temperature molten salts typically employ single stage compression to increase the temperature and pressure of the working fluid, and most employ adiabatic compression schemes. However, this design has shortcomings in meeting the working fluid temperature and pressure requirements, limiting the cycle efficiency and energy storage density of the system. In particular, in a single-stage adiabatic compression process, since the temperature of the working fluid rapidly increases, the system is inefficient, and heat is difficult to efficiently transfer and use. In addition, adiabatic compression can also increase mechanical losses and thermal management burden of the system, further limiting the improvement in system performance.
In addition, current brayton cycle heat pump electricity storage systems face a number of technical challenges in practical applications. For example, how to achieve efficient and stable heat transfer and storage under high temperature and pressure conditions, how to optimize system components and workflows to maximize energy utilization efficiency, how to ensure stability of long-term operation of the system, and the like. The existence of these problems restricts the wide application and popularization of the brayton cycle heat pump electricity storage system.
In summary, the existing brayton cycle-based heat pump electricity storage system has many shortcomings and challenges in terms of compression mode of working fluid, selection of heat storage medium, system efficiency and the like. Therefore, developing a novel and efficient brayton cycle heat pump electricity storage system, particularly adopting isothermal compression technology to improve system performance and energy utilization rate, is a technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Object of the invention
Aiming at the problems of limited circulation efficiency, limited energy storage density and the like in the compression process of the traditional brayton cycle heat pump electric storage system based on high-temperature molten salt, the invention aims to provide the brayton cycle heat pump electric storage system adopting isothermal compression, which not only meets the requirements of working fluid on improving temperature and pressure, but also remarkably improves the circulation efficiency and the energy storage density of the system by combining a high-temperature molten salt heat storage medium with the isothermal compression process and adopting a multistage compression strategy and adopting an isothermal compression mode in the second compression.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the aim of the invention and solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides an adopt brayton cycle heat pump electric storage system of isothermal compression for at the low valley period of power consumption with electric energy conversion cold and heat energy storage, and at the peak period of power consumption with cold and heat energy conversion electric energy release of storage, include an energy storage circuit, a release energy circuit, a heat accumulation unit and a cold accumulation unit at least, wherein:
The energy storage loop is used for converting electric energy into heat energy and cold energy for storage in a low electricity consumption period and comprises a driving device, an energy storage compressor unit, an energy storage high-temperature heat exchanger, an energy storage backheating heat exchanger, an energy storage air cooler, an energy storage expansion unit and an energy storage low-temperature heat exchanger, wherein: the driving device is in transmission connection with the energy storage compressor unit and the energy storage expansion unit; an exhaust port of the energy storage compressor unit is communicated with an air inlet of the energy storage expansion unit after passing through a hot side of the energy storage high-temperature heat exchanger, a hot side of the energy storage regenerative heat exchanger and a hot side of the energy storage air cooler in sequence through pipelines; an exhaust port of the energy storage expansion unit is communicated with an air inlet of the energy storage compressor unit after passing through a cold side of the energy storage low-temperature heat exchanger and a cold side of the energy storage regenerative heat exchanger in sequence through a pipeline;
The energy release loop is used for converting stored heat energy and cold energy into electric energy for release in the electricity consumption peak period, and comprises an adiabatic compressor unit, an isothermal compressor unit, an energy release backheating heat exchanger, an energy release high-temperature heat exchanger, an energy release expansion unit, a power generation device and an energy release low-temperature heat exchanger, wherein: the energy release expansion unit is in transmission connection with the heat insulation compressor unit, the isothermal compressor unit and the power generation device; the exhaust port of the heat-insulating compressor unit is communicated with the air inlet of the energy-releasing expansion unit after passing through the isothermal compressor unit, the hot side of the energy-releasing regenerative heat exchanger and the hot side of the energy-releasing high-temperature heat exchanger in sequence through pipelines; the exhaust port of the energy release expansion unit is communicated with the air inlet of the heat insulation compressor unit after passing through the cold side of the energy release regenerative heat exchanger and the cold side of the energy release low-temperature heat exchanger in sequence through pipelines;
-the thermal storage unit for storing and releasing thermal energy, comprising a thermal storage low temperature tank and a thermal storage high temperature tank, wherein: the outlet of the heat storage low-temperature tank is communicated with the inlet of the heat storage high-temperature tank through a pipeline and the cold side of the energy storage high-temperature heat exchanger; the outlet of the heat storage high-temperature tank is communicated with the inlet of the heat storage low-temperature tank through the hot side of the energy release high-temperature heat exchanger by a pipeline;
-the cold storage unit for storing and releasing cold energy, comprising a cold storage high temperature tank and a cold storage low temperature tank, wherein: the outlet of the cold accumulation high temperature tank is communicated with the inlet of the cold accumulation low temperature tank through a pipeline and the hot side of the energy accumulation low temperature heat exchanger; and the outlet of the cold accumulation low-temperature tank is communicated with the inlet of the cold accumulation high-temperature tank through the cold side of the energy release low-temperature heat exchanger by a pipeline.
(III) technical effects
Compared with the prior art, the isothermal compression brayton cycle heat pump electricity storage system has the following beneficial and remarkable technical effects:
(1) The invention adopts the Brayton cycle heat pump electricity storage system with isothermal compression, thereby remarkably improving the cycle efficiency and the energy storage density of the system. Compared with the traditional adiabatic compression mode, isothermal compression keeps the temperature of working fluid constant by exchanging heat with a liquid medium in the compression process, reduces energy loss in the compression process, and improves the overall energy efficiency of the system. The high-efficiency compression mode not only reduces the energy consumption of the compressor, but also reduces the heat generated in the running process of the system, and improves the stability and the reliability of the system.
(2) According to the invention, the temperature and pressure of the working fluid can be effectively improved through a multistage compression strategy in the energy release process. Conventional brayton cycle heat pump electricity storage systems based on high temperature molten salts typically employ single stage compression to increase the temperature and pressure of the working fluid. The invention provides a scheme which adopts multistage compression and isothermal compression in the second compression, thereby not only meeting the requirements of the working fluid on temperature and pressure improvement, but also improving the circulation efficiency and energy storage density of the system. Specifically, an adiabatic compression mode is adopted in the first compression, so that the pressure and the temperature of the working fluid are rapidly increased; in the second compression, an isothermal compression mode is adopted, and the working fluid keeps constant temperature in the compression process through heat exchange with cooling water, so that the pressure of the working fluid is further improved, and meanwhile, the energy loss is reduced. The design not only meets the requirement of the system on high-temperature high-pressure working media, but also obviously improves the energy storage density of the system, so that the system can store more energy in unit volume.
(3) The invention realizes high-efficiency energy storage and release by optimizing the heat management and energy conversion processes. In the energy storage process, the system converts electric energy into high-temperature heat energy and low-temperature cold energy, and the high-temperature heat energy and the low-temperature cold energy are respectively stored in the heat storage unit and the cold storage unit. In the energy release process, the system efficiently converts the stored high-temperature heat energy and low-temperature cold energy into electric energy through the functions of the expander and the regenerative heat exchanger, and the electric energy is used by a power supply network. The optimized energy conversion process reduces the loss in the energy conversion process and improves the energy utilization rate and the overall efficiency of the system.
(4) The invention adopts high-temperature molten salt as the heat storage medium, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of an inclined temperature layer generated in the heat storage process of the traditional solid heat storage medium. The high-temperature molten salt has good heat conduction performance and heat storage capacity, can keep stable physical properties in a high-temperature state, not only simplifies the design and operation maintenance of the system, but also improves the heat storage efficiency. Through reasonable design of the structures of the heat storage tank and the cold storage tank, the invention can ensure stable operation of the system under different working states while efficiently storing heat.
(5) According to the invention, the heat is recovered and reused in the system by introducing the heat regenerator, so that the reciprocating efficiency of the system is further improved. The heat regenerator can conduct efficient heat exchange between the working fluid and the heat exchange medium, so that the system can furthest utilize the existing heat energy and cold energy in the energy storage and release process, the external energy requirement is reduced, and the economical efficiency and the environmental protection performance of the system are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of energy storage for a Brayton cycle heat pump electric storage system employing isothermal compression;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating the energy release of a Brayton cycle heat pump electric storage system employing isothermal compression;
fig. 3 shows an isothermal compression flow diagram of an isothermal compressor train.
Reference numerals illustrate:
The device comprises a driving device 1, an energy storage compressor unit 2, an energy storage high-temperature heat exchanger 3', an energy release high-temperature heat exchanger 3', a heat storage booster pump 4, an energy storage regenerative heat exchanger 5, an energy release regenerative heat exchanger 5', an energy storage air cooler 6, a circulating fan 7, an energy storage expansion unit 8, an energy storage low-temperature heat exchanger 9, an energy release low-temperature heat exchanger 9', a cold storage booster pump 10, a heat storage low-temperature tank 11, a heat storage high-temperature tank 12, a cold storage high-temperature tank 13, a cold storage low-temperature tank 14, an adiabatic compressor unit 15, an isothermal compressor unit 16, a heat release booster pump 17, an energy release expansion machine 18, a power generation device 19, an energy release booster pump 20, an energy release air cooler 21, a circulating fan 22, a water storage tank 23, a feed pump 24, a cooling water inlet valve 25, a three-way valve 26, an air inlet valve 27, an air outlet valve 28, a crank connecting rod 29, a piston 30, a gas-liquid separator 31, an air outlet valve 32, a filter screen 33 and an atomizer 34.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, the following examples are set forth to illustrate the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. The following describes the structure and technical scheme of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and an embodiment of the present invention is given.
Aiming at the problems of limited circulation efficiency, limited energy storage density and the like in the compression process of the traditional brayton cycle heat pump electric storage system based on high-temperature molten salt, the invention aims to provide the brayton cycle heat pump electric storage system adopting isothermal compression, which not only meets the requirements of working fluid on improving temperature and pressure, but also remarkably improves the circulation efficiency and the energy storage density of the system by combining a high-temperature molten salt heat storage medium with the isothermal compression process and adopting a multistage compression strategy and adopting an isothermal compression mode in the second compression.
Example 1
As a specific example, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the brayton cycle heat pump electricity storage system adopting isothermal compression of the present invention is used for converting electric energy into cold and heat energy for storage during low electricity consumption periods and converting stored cold and heat energy into electric energy for release during peak electricity consumption periods, and comprises an energy storage loop, an energy release loop, a heat storage unit and a cold storage unit, wherein:
The invention relates to an energy storage loop which is used for converting electric energy into heat energy and cold energy for storage in a low electricity consumption period, and comprises a driving device 1, an energy storage compressor unit 2, an energy storage high-temperature heat exchanger 3, an energy storage regenerative heat exchanger 5, an energy storage air cooler 6, an energy storage expansion unit 7 and an energy storage low-temperature heat exchanger 9, wherein: the driving device 1 is in transmission connection with the energy storage compressor unit 2 and the energy storage expansion unit 7; the exhaust port of the energy storage compressor unit 2 is communicated with the air inlet of the energy storage expansion unit 7 after passing through the hot side of the energy storage high-temperature heat exchanger 3, the hot side of the energy storage regenerative heat exchanger 5 and the hot side of the energy storage air cooler 6 in sequence through pipelines; the exhaust port of the energy storage expansion unit 7 is communicated with the air inlet of the energy storage compressor unit 2 after passing through the cold side of the energy storage low-temperature heat exchanger 9 and the cold side of the energy storage regenerative heat exchanger 5 in sequence through pipelines.
The invention relates to an energy release loop which is used for converting stored heat energy and cold energy into electric energy for release in the electricity consumption peak period, and comprises an adiabatic compressor unit 15, an isothermal compressor unit 16, an energy release regenerative heat exchanger 5', an energy release high-temperature heat exchanger 3', an energy release expansion unit 18, a power generation device 19 and an energy release low-temperature heat exchanger 9 ', wherein: the energy release expansion unit 18 is in transmission connection with the heat insulation compressor unit 15, the isothermal compressor unit 16 and the power generation device 19; the exhaust port of the heat-insulating compressor unit 15 is communicated with the air inlet of the energy-releasing expansion unit 18 after passing through the isothermal compressor unit 16, the hot side of the energy-releasing heat-returning heat exchanger 5 'and the hot side of the energy-releasing high-temperature heat exchanger 3' in sequence through pipelines; the exhaust port of the energy release expansion unit 18 is communicated with the air inlet of the heat insulation compressor unit 15 after passing through the cold side of the energy release heat regeneration heat exchanger 5 'and the cold side of the energy release low-temperature heat exchanger 9' in sequence through pipelines.
The heat storage unit of the present invention is for storing and releasing heat energy, and includes a heat storage low temperature tank 11 and a heat storage high temperature tank 12, wherein: the outlet of the heat storage low-temperature tank 11 is communicated with the inlet of the heat storage high-temperature tank 12 through a pipeline and the cold side of the energy storage high-temperature heat exchanger 3; the outlet of the heat accumulating high temperature tank 12 is communicated with the inlet of the heat accumulating low temperature tank 11 through the hot side of the energy releasing high temperature heat exchanger 3' by a pipeline.
The cold accumulation unit is used for storing and releasing cold energy and comprises a cold accumulation high temperature tank 13 and a cold accumulation low temperature tank 14, wherein: the outlet of the cold accumulation high temperature tank 13 is communicated with the inlet of the cold accumulation low temperature tank 14 through a pipeline and the hot side of the energy accumulation low temperature heat exchanger 9; the outlet of the cold accumulation low temperature tank 14 is communicated with the inlet of the cold accumulation high temperature tank 13 through the cold side of the energy release low temperature heat exchanger 9' by a pipeline.
In some preferred examples, in the energy release loop, the isothermal compressor unit 16 is a piston air compressor, the top end of the compression cylinder is provided with an air inlet and a cooling water inlet, the side wall of the compression cylinder is provided with a gas-liquid exhaust port and a liquid discharge port, the outside of the compression cylinder is provided with a gas-liquid separator 31, the air inlet of the compression cylinder is communicated with the air outlet of the upstream adiabatic compressor unit 15 through a pipeline, the cooling water inlet is communicated with the outlet of the upstream water storage tank 23 through a pipeline, the gas-liquid exhaust port of the compression cylinder is communicated with the side wall inlet of the gas-liquid separator 31, the side wall inlet of the gas-liquid separator 31 is provided with a filter screen 33, the liquid discharge port of the compression cylinder and the liquid discharge port at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 31 are both communicated with the inlet of the water storage tank 23 through pipelines, and the air outlet at the top of the gas-liquid separator 31 is communicated with the air inlet of the downstream energy release expansion unit 18 through a pipeline.
In the isothermal compression process of the isothermal compressor unit 16, firstly, an air inlet valve is opened to enable a gas working medium to enter a compression cylinder, then, an air inlet valve 27 is closed, a cooling water flow valve 25 is opened to provide cooling water when compression is started, the cooling water exchanges heat with the gas working medium when compression is performed after atomization by an atomizer 34, a cooling water inlet valve 25 is closed after compression is finished, then, an air outlet valve 28 and a three-way valve 26 are opened to respectively discharge the gas working medium and water, and the discharged gas-liquid mixed working medium is subjected to separation treatment by a gas-liquid separator 31.
In a further preferred embodiment, the liquid discharge lines of the compression cylinder and the gas-liquid separator 31 are converged by a three-way valve 26, an energy release air cooler 21 is arranged on the converged pipeline, a water supply pump 24 is arranged on the outlet line of the water storage tank 23, a cooling water inlet valve 25 is arranged on the cooling water inlet line of the compression cylinder, an air inlet valve 27 is arranged on the air inlet line of the compression cylinder, an air outlet valve 28 is arranged on the gas-liquid exhaust line, and an atomizer 34 is arranged at the cooling water inlet of the compression cylinder.
In a further preferred embodiment, the cold side air inlet pipes of the energy storage air cooler 6 and the energy release air cooler 21 are respectively provided with a cooling air driving device 7, the cooling air driving device 7 is one or more circulating fans which are used in parallel or in series, and the water supply pump 24 on the outlet pipe of the water storage tank 23 is one or more booster pumps which are used in parallel or in series.
In some preferred examples, a heat storage booster pump 4 is provided on a communication line between the outlet of the heat storage low temperature tank 11 and the inlet of the heat storage high temperature tank 12, and a heat release booster pump 17 is provided on a communication line between the outlet of the heat storage high temperature tank 12 and the inlet of the heat storage low temperature tank 11.
In some preferred examples, a cold-storage booster pump 10 is provided on a communication line between the outlet of the cold-storage high temperature tank 13 and the inlet of the cold-storage low temperature tank 14, and an energy release booster pump 20 is provided on a communication line between the outlet of the cold-storage low temperature tank 14 and the inlet of the cold-storage high temperature tank 13.
In some preferred examples, the heat transfer working medium in the energy storage loop and the energy release loop is one or more of argon, nitrogen and helium, the heat storage materials adopted in the heat storage low-temperature tank and the heat storage high-temperature tank are high-temperature molten salt, and the cold storage materials adopted in the cold storage high-temperature tank and the cold storage low-temperature tank are one or more of methanol, ethanol, n-hexane, n-butane and isopentane.
In some preferred examples, the driving device is a driving motor or an electric machine, and when the driving device is a driving motor, one or more of conventional power station low-valley electricity, nuclear power, wind power, solar power generation, hydroelectric power and tidal power generation are used as power sources.
In some preferred examples, the total pressure ratio of the energy storage compressor unit, the adiabatic compressor unit and the isothermal compressor unit is between 1 and 10; when each compressor unit is a plurality of compressors, the plurality of compressors are in a coaxial serial connection or split shaft parallel connection mode, and in the split shaft parallel connection mode, each split shaft is in transmission connection with the main driving shaft.
In some preferred examples, the energy storage expansion unit and the energy release expansion unit have a total expansion ratio of 1-10; when each expansion unit is a plurality of expansion machines, the plurality of expansion machines are in a coaxial serial connection mode or a split shaft parallel connection mode, and in the split shaft parallel connection mode, each split shaft is in transmission connection with a main driving shaft.
Example 2
On the basis of the above embodiment 1, the present embodiment 2 focuses on the process of converting electric energy into cold and heat energy to be stored by using the brayton cycle heat pump electric storage system adopting isothermal compression according to the present invention when the electric consumption is in the low valley period, and the flow of energy storage by the heat pump electric storage system is as shown in fig. 1:
When the system stores energy, an energy storage loop, a heat storage unit and a cold storage unit are started, an energy release loop is closed, the energy storage compressor unit 2 is in transmission connection with the energy storage expansion unit 8, and the driving device 1 drives the energy storage compressor unit 2 and the energy storage expansion unit 8. The gas working medium flows into the energy storage compressor unit 2 to be compressed to high temperature, medium/high pressure and then flows into the energy storage high-temperature heat exchanger 3 to release heat energy, and the gas working medium flowing out of the energy storage high-temperature heat exchanger 3 is reduced to a next high temperature, medium/high pressure state. The gas working medium with the secondary high temperature and the medium/high pressure flows into the high-pressure side of the energy storage heat recovery heat exchanger 5 to release heat energy, the gas working medium flowing out of the high-pressure side of the energy storage heat recovery heat exchanger 5 passes through the energy storage air cooler 6 to release heat energy again, and the gas working medium flowing out of the energy storage air cooler 6 is reduced to a normal temperature, medium/high pressure state. The gas working medium with normal temperature and middle/high pressure flows into the energy storage expansion unit 8 to be expanded to low temperature and normal pressure, then flows into the energy storage low-temperature heat exchanger 9 to release cold energy, and the gas working medium flowing out of the energy storage low-temperature heat exchanger 9 is raised to a normal temperature and normal pressure state. The gas working medium at normal temperature and normal pressure flows into the low-pressure side of the energy storage heat recovery heat exchanger 5 to absorb heat energy, the gas working medium flowing out of the low-pressure side of the energy storage heat recovery heat exchanger 5 rises to a state of low temperature and normal pressure, and the gas working medium at low temperature and normal pressure reenters the inlet of the energy storage compressor unit 2 to participate in circulation, so that the process is repeated, and electric energy is continuously converted into heat energy.
Meanwhile, when energy is stored, the circulating fan 7 is started to drive air in the environment to flow into the energy storage air cooler 6 to exchange heat with the system gas working medium, and waste heat of the system is discharged. The heat storage booster pump 4 in the heat storage loop is started to drive molten salt in the heat storage loop to flow out of the heat storage low-temperature tank 11, flow into the high-temperature heat exchanger 3 to absorb heat energy to a high-temperature state, and flow into the heat storage high-temperature tank 12 along a pipeline for storage.
Example 3
On the basis of the above embodiment 1, the present embodiment 3 focuses on the process of converting the stored high-grade heat energy and cold energy into electric energy for release based on the brayton cycle heat pump electric storage system adopting isothermal compression of the present invention when in the electricity consumption peak period, and the flow of the heat pump electric storage system for energy release is shown in fig. 2:
In the energy release process of the system, an energy release loop, a heat storage unit and a cold storage unit are started to convert high-temperature heat energy and low-temperature cold energy stored in the energy storage process into electric energy for release. The low-temperature normal-pressure gas working medium is compressed to a medium-temperature and medium-pressure state by the heat-insulating compressor unit 15, the flowing gas working medium enters the isothermal compressor unit 16 for compression, and the gas working medium flowing out of the isothermal compressor unit 16 is in a medium-temperature and medium/high-pressure state. The gas working medium in the medium-temperature and medium-high-pressure state flows into the energy-releasing and heat-regenerating heat exchanger 5 'in the state that the heat energy absorbed by the high-pressure side of the energy-releasing and heat-regenerating heat exchanger 5' is increased to the state of low temperature and medium-high pressure, and the gas flowing out of the high-pressure side of the energy-releasing and heat-regenerating heat exchanger 5 'enters the energy-releasing and high-temperature heat exchanger 3' to continuously absorb heat and increase to the state of high temperature and medium-high pressure. The gas working medium in high temperature, medium/high pressure state enters the energy release expansion unit 18 to do work, the energy release expansion unit 18 is in driving connection with the power generation device 19, and the energy release expansion unit 18 drives the power generation device 19 to generate power so as to convert kinetic energy into electric energy for release. The secondary high temperature and normal pressure gas flowing out from the energy release expansion unit 18 enters the energy release heat recovery heat exchanger 5 'to release heat energy at the low pressure side to be reduced to a normal temperature and normal pressure state, and the flowing gas working medium enters the energy release low temperature heat exchanger 9' to absorb cold energy to be changed into a low temperature and normal pressure state. The cold and hot energy is repeatedly and continuously converted into electric energy to be released.
Meanwhile, in the energy release process of the system, as shown in fig. 3, a water supply pump 24 in a cooling water loop in the isothermal process is started to drive water in a water storage tank 23 to flow into an isothermal compressor 16 to cool a gas working medium, cooling water with increased temperature enters an air cooler 21 to exchange heat, waste heat is discharged, and the cooling water with reduced temperature returns to the water storage tank 23. The gas working medium in the equal temperature compressor is cooled repeatedly and continuously. In the isothermal compression process, an air inlet valve 27 is opened to enable a gas working medium to enter a compression cylinder, an air inlet valve 27 is closed by blurt out, a cooling water flow valve 25 is opened to provide cooling water when a solid piston 30 starts to compress, the cooling water exchanges heat with the gas working medium during compression after being atomized by an atomizer 34, the flow valve 25 is closed after compression is finished, then an air outlet valve 28 and a three-way valve 26 are opened to respectively discharge the gas working medium and water, and the discharged gas working medium is subjected to drying treatment by a gas-liquid separator 31.
The object of the present invention is fully effectively achieved by the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention includes, but is not limited to, those illustrated in the drawings and described in the foregoing detailed description. While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an adopt brayton cycle heat pump electric storage system of isothermal compression, includes an energy storage circuit, a release energy circuit, a heat accumulation unit and a cold-storage unit at least, its characterized in that:
-the energy storage loop comprises a driving device, an energy storage compressor unit, an energy storage high-temperature heat exchanger, an energy storage regenerative heat exchanger, an energy storage air cooler, an energy storage expansion unit and an energy storage low-temperature heat exchanger, wherein: the driving device is in transmission connection with the energy storage compressor unit and the energy storage expansion unit; an exhaust port of the energy storage compressor unit is communicated with an air inlet of the energy storage expansion unit after passing through a hot side of the energy storage high-temperature heat exchanger, a hot side of the energy storage regenerative heat exchanger and a hot side of the energy storage air cooler in sequence through pipelines; an exhaust port of the energy storage expansion unit is communicated with an air inlet of the energy storage compressor unit after passing through a cold side of the energy storage low-temperature heat exchanger and a cold side of the energy storage regenerative heat exchanger in sequence through a pipeline;
The energy release loop comprises an adiabatic compressor unit, an isothermal compressor unit, an energy release heat recovery heat exchanger, an energy release high-temperature heat exchanger, an energy release expansion unit, a power generation device and an energy release low-temperature heat exchanger, wherein: the energy release expansion unit is in transmission connection with the heat insulation compressor unit, the isothermal compressor unit and the power generation device; the exhaust port of the heat-insulating compressor unit is communicated with the air inlet of the energy-releasing expansion unit after passing through the isothermal compressor unit, the hot side of the energy-releasing regenerative heat exchanger and the hot side of the energy-releasing high-temperature heat exchanger in sequence through pipelines; the exhaust port of the energy release expansion unit is communicated with the air inlet of the heat insulation compressor unit after passing through the cold side of the energy release regenerative heat exchanger and the cold side of the energy release low-temperature heat exchanger in sequence through pipelines;
-the thermal storage unit comprises a thermal storage low temperature tank and a thermal storage high temperature tank, wherein: the outlet of the heat storage low-temperature tank is communicated with the inlet of the heat storage high-temperature tank through a pipeline and the cold side of the energy storage high-temperature heat exchanger; the outlet of the heat storage high-temperature tank is communicated with the inlet of the heat storage low-temperature tank through the hot side of the energy release high-temperature heat exchanger by a pipeline;
-the cold storage unit comprises a cold storage high temperature tank and a cold storage low temperature tank, wherein: the outlet of the cold accumulation high temperature tank is communicated with the inlet of the cold accumulation low temperature tank through a pipeline and the hot side of the energy accumulation low temperature heat exchanger; and the outlet of the cold accumulation low-temperature tank is communicated with the inlet of the cold accumulation high-temperature tank through the cold side of the energy release low-temperature heat exchanger by a pipeline.
2. The electric power storage system of the brayton cycle heat pump adopting isothermal compression according to claim 1, wherein in the energy release loop, the isothermal compressor unit is a piston type air compressor, an air inlet and a cooling water inlet are arranged at the top end of a compression cylinder, a gas-liquid exhaust port and a liquid outlet are arranged on the side wall of the compression cylinder, a gas-liquid separator is arranged outside the compression cylinder, the air inlet of the compression cylinder is communicated with the air outlet of an upstream adiabatic compressor unit through a pipeline, the cooling water inlet is communicated with the outlet of an upstream water storage tank through a pipeline, the gas-liquid exhaust port of the compression cylinder is communicated with the side wall inlet of the gas-liquid separator, a filtering screen is arranged at the side wall inlet of the gas-liquid separator, the liquid outlet of the compression cylinder and the liquid outlet at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator are both communicated with the inlet of the water storage tank through pipelines, and the air outlet at the top of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the air inlet of a downstream energy release expansion unit through a pipeline.
3. The electric power storage system of the brayton cycle heat pump adopting isothermal compression according to claim 2, wherein in the isothermal compression process of the isothermal compressor unit, an air inlet valve is firstly opened to enable a gas working medium to enter a compression cylinder, then the air inlet valve is closed, a cooling water flow valve is opened to provide cooling water when compression is started, the cooling water exchanges heat with the gas working medium when compression is completed after atomization through an atomizer, a cooling water inlet valve is firstly closed after compression is completed, then an air outlet valve and a three-way valve are opened to respectively discharge the gas working medium and water, and the discharged gas-liquid mixed working medium is subjected to separation treatment through a gas-liquid separator.
4. The electric power storage system of the brayton cycle heat pump adopting isothermal compression according to claim 2, wherein the liquid discharge pipelines of the compression cylinder and the gas-liquid separator are converged through a three-way valve, an energy release air cooler is arranged on a converged pipeline, a water supply pump is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the water storage tank, a cooling water inlet valve is arranged on a cooling water inlet pipeline of the compression cylinder, an air inlet valve is arranged on an air inlet pipeline of the compression cylinder, an air outlet valve is arranged on a gas-liquid exhaust pipeline, and an atomizer is arranged at a cooling water inlet of the compression cylinder.
5. The electric power storage system of the brayton cycle heat pump adopting isothermal compression according to claim 4, wherein a cooling air driving device is arranged on a cold side air inlet pipe line of the energy storage air cooler and the energy release air cooler, the cooling air driving device is one or more circulating fans which are used in parallel or in series, and a water supply pump on an outlet pipe line of the water storage tank is one or more booster pumps which are used in parallel or in series.
6. The brayton cycle heat pump electricity storage system adopting isothermal compression according to claim 1, wherein a heat storage booster pump is arranged on a communication line between an outlet of the heat storage low temperature tank and an inlet of the heat storage high temperature tank, and a heat release booster pump is arranged on a communication line between an outlet of the heat storage high temperature tank and an inlet of the heat storage low temperature tank.
7. The brayton cycle heat pump electricity storage system adopting isothermal compression according to claim 1, wherein a cold accumulation booster pump is arranged on a communicating pipe between an outlet of the cold accumulation high temperature tank and an inlet of the cold accumulation low temperature tank, and an energy release booster pump is arranged on a communicating pipe between an outlet of the cold accumulation low temperature tank and an inlet of the cold accumulation high temperature tank.
8. The brayton cycle heat pump electricity storage system adopting isothermal compression according to claim 1, wherein the system starts the energy storage loop, the heat storage unit and the cold storage unit when storing energy, closes the energy release loop, the driving device drives the energy storage compressor unit and the energy storage expansion unit, the working medium releases heat to the high-temperature heat exchanger after being compressed by the energy storage compressor unit, and releases cold to the low-temperature heat exchanger after being subjected to heat regeneration heat exchanger and air cooler cooling by acting on the energy storage expansion unit, so that electric energy is converted into heat energy for storage; and meanwhile, the heat storage medium flows out of the heat storage low-temperature tank to absorb heat and then is stored in the heat storage high-temperature tank, and the cold storage medium flows out of the cold storage high-temperature tank to absorb cold and then is stored in the cold storage low-temperature tank.
9. The brayton cycle heat pump electricity storage system adopting isothermal compression according to claim 1, wherein in the process of energy release, the system starts the energy release loop, the heat storage unit and the cold storage unit, the energy storage loop is closed, the low-temperature working medium is subjected to adiabatic compression through an adiabatic compressor unit and then subjected to isothermal compression in the isothermal compressor unit, and the compressed working medium is subjected to heat absorption through an energy release regenerative heat exchanger and an energy release high-temperature heat exchanger and then acts on an energy release expansion unit to drive the adiabatic compressor unit and the isothermal compressor unit and drive a power generation device to generate power, so that the stored heat energy is converted into electric energy to be released; and meanwhile, the heat storage medium flows out of the heat storage high-temperature tank to release heat and then is stored in the heat storage low-temperature tank, and the cold storage medium flows out of the cold storage low-temperature tank to release cold and then is stored in the cold storage high-temperature tank.
10. The brayton cycle heat pump electricity storage system adopting isothermal compression according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer working medium in the energy storage loop and the energy release loop is one or more of argon, nitrogen and helium, the heat storage materials adopted in the heat storage low-temperature tank and the heat storage high-temperature tank are high-temperature molten salt, and the cold storage materials adopted in the cold storage high-temperature tank and the cold storage low-temperature tank are one or more of methanol, ethanol, n-hexane, n-butane and isopentane.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN119412852A (en) * | 2024-11-26 | 2025-02-11 | 上海交通大学 | Heat pump power storage system based on heat recovery and cooling and operation method thereof |
| CN121630578A (en) * | 2025-10-30 | 2026-03-10 | 华北电力大学 | A molten salt Carnot battery system coupled to a data center and its operation method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN119412852A (en) * | 2024-11-26 | 2025-02-11 | 上海交通大学 | Heat pump power storage system based on heat recovery and cooling and operation method thereof |
| CN119412852B (en) * | 2024-11-26 | 2026-05-12 | 上海交通大学 | Heat pump electricity storage system based on backheating and backcooling and operation method thereof |
| CN121630578A (en) * | 2025-10-30 | 2026-03-10 | 华北电力大学 | A molten salt Carnot battery system coupled to a data center and its operation method |
| CN121630578B (en) * | 2025-10-30 | 2026-07-21 | 华北电力大学 | Fused salt type Carnot battery system of coupling data center and operation method thereof |
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