CN118564444A - Liquid hydrogen pump testing system and testing method - Google Patents
Liquid hydrogen pump testing system and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN118564444A CN118564444A CN202410743213.7A CN202410743213A CN118564444A CN 118564444 A CN118564444 A CN 118564444A CN 202410743213 A CN202410743213 A CN 202410743213A CN 118564444 A CN118564444 A CN 118564444A
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- liquid hydrogen
- heat exchanger
- vaporizer
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 183
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 183
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B51/00—Testing machines, pumps, or pumping installations
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B15/00—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
- F04B15/06—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts for liquids near their boiling point, e.g. under subnormal pressure
- F04B15/08—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts for liquids near their boiling point, e.g. under subnormal pressure the liquids having low boiling points
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B15/00—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
- F04B15/06—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts for liquids near their boiling point, e.g. under subnormal pressure
- F04B15/08—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts for liquids near their boiling point, e.g. under subnormal pressure the liquids having low boiling points
- F04B2015/081—Liquefied gases
- F04B2015/0822—Hydrogen
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a liquid hydrogen pump test system, which particularly relates to the technical field of low-temperature equipment, and comprises a buffer tank, a first heat exchange side of a first heat exchanger, a first heat exchange side of a second heat exchanger and an inlet end of a liquefaction pool, wherein the first heat exchange side of the first heat exchanger is sequentially connected with the buffer tank, the second heat exchange side of the second heat exchanger and the second heat exchange side of the first heat exchanger, the inlet end of liquid nitrogen is sequentially connected with a test Dewar, one branch of the outlet end of the liquefaction pool is connected with the test Dewar, the outlet end of a liquid hydrogen pump to be tested in the test Dewar penetrates through the test Dewar and is connected with a first vaporizer and is connected with a discharge pipeline from the outlet end of the first vaporizer, the other branch of the outlet end of the liquefaction pool is connected with the second heat exchanger and is converged with the outlet end of the first vaporizer and is connected with an external discharge pipeline, liquefied liquid hydrogen is obtained by utilizing loop cooling, and meanwhile, hydrogen generated by heat leakage can be discharged to the discharge pipeline for reuse after the test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature equipment, in particular to a liquid hydrogen pump test system and a liquid hydrogen pump test method.
Background
The liquid hydrogen pump test is a gas which is difficult to work and has the temperature of about 20K at atmospheric pressure, so that the test work of the liquid hydrogen pump is limited, a test platform is temporarily built in the prior art, the production and supply of the liquid hydrogen, a test pipeline system of the pump and various modules for hydrogen gas diffusion are dispersed, the labor and time cost of each test experiment is high, and meanwhile, the safety of the experiment is more uncertain risks due to inflammable and explosive hydrogen property.
In the conventional liquid hydrogen pump test system, a loop is formed by a liquid hydrogen storage tank and a liquid hydrogen pump to test the liquid hydrogen pump, and in the process of testing the liquid hydrogen, the situation of heat leakage is easy to occur, the liquid hydrogen is difficult to acquire again, and in addition, part of hydrogen needs to be discharged after the liquid hydrogen pump is tested, so that the situation of waste of refrigerating energy is easy to conduct.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a liquid hydrogen pump test system and a test method, which aim to solve the problems that liquid hydrogen is difficult to acquire and cold energy is easy to waste after the test is finished.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
The invention provides a liquid hydrogen pump test system, which comprises a supply unit, a test unit and a refrigeration unit, wherein:
the supply unit comprises a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger and a buffer tank;
the refrigerating unit comprises a cold box, a refrigerator and a liquefaction pool, wherein the refrigerator and the liquefaction pool are arranged in the cold box, the refrigerator is fixed at the top of the liquefaction pool, and the driving end of the refrigerator is positioned outside the liquefaction pool;
the testing unit comprises a testing Dewar, a first vaporizer and a second vaporizer, wherein a liquid hydrogen pump to be tested is arranged in the testing Dewar;
The hydrogen inlet end is sequentially connected with the buffer tank, the first heat exchange side of the first heat exchanger, the first heat exchange side of the second heat exchanger and the inlet end of the liquefaction pool, the liquid nitrogen inlet end is sequentially connected with the second heat exchange side of the second heat exchanger and the second heat exchange side of the first heat exchanger, one branch of the outlet end of the liquefaction pool is connected with the test Dewar, the outlet end of a liquid hydrogen pump to be tested in the test Dewar penetrates through the test Dewar and is connected with the first vaporizer and is connected with a bleeding pipeline from the outlet end of the first vaporizer, and the other branch of the outlet end of the liquefaction pool is connected with the second heat exchanger and is connected with the outlet end of the first vaporizer from the outlet end of the second heat exchanger and is connected with an external bleeding pipeline.
Further, the device also comprises a vacuum pump set and a replacement interface, wherein the vacuum pump set is communicated with the cold box, and the replacement interface is communicated with the top of the liquefaction pool.
Further, the system also comprises a first valve and a second valve, wherein the first valve is arranged between the second heat exchanger and the inlet end of the liquefaction tank, and the second valve is arranged between one outlet end of the liquefaction tank and the bleeding pipeline.
Further, the device also comprises a third valve and a fourth valve, wherein the third valve is arranged between one branch of the outlet end of the liquefaction tank and the test Dewar, and the fourth valve is arranged between the other branch of the outlet end of the liquefaction tank and the second vaporizer.
Further, the device also comprises a fifth valve, wherein the fifth valve is arranged between the outlet end of the liquid hydrogen pump to be tested and the first vaporizer.
Further, the device also comprises a pressure reducing valve, wherein the pressure reducing valve is arranged between the converging outlet end of the first vaporizer and the converging outlet end of the second vaporizer and the diffusing pipeline.
Further, the test device further comprises a sixth valve and a seventh valve, wherein the sixth valve is arranged between one outlet end of the test Dewar and the diffusing pipeline, and the seventh valve is arranged between the outlet end of the pressure reducing valve and the diffusing pipeline.
Further, the device further comprises a first one-way valve, a second one-way valve and a third one-way valve, wherein the first one-way valve is arranged between the second valve and the diffusing pipeline, the third one-way valve is arranged between the second valve and the diffusing pipeline, the second one-way valve is arranged between the outlet end of the sixth valve and the diffusing pipeline, and the third one-way valve is arranged between the outlet end of the seventh valve and the diffusing pipeline.
Further, the nitrogen purging device comprises a nitrogen purging unit and a helium purging unit, wherein the helium purging unit comprises a seventh valve and a fourth one-way valve which are sequentially connected with a helium interface end, the helium purging unit is connected to one end of the diffusing pipeline from an outlet end of the fourth one-way valve, and the nitrogen purging unit comprises an eighth valve and a fifth one-way valve which are sequentially connected with a nitrogen interface end and communicated with the other end of the diffusing pipeline.
Further, the testing method of the liquid hydrogen pump testing system comprises the following steps:
s1, replacing gas through a replacement interface to ensure that the whole system is in a pure hydrogen environment;
s2, sequentially filling liquid nitrogen into the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger, simultaneously sequentially filling hydrogen into the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, enabling the liquid nitrogen to exchange heat and pre-cool the hydrogen, enabling the pre-cooled hydrogen to enter a liquefaction tank, and refrigerating again through a refrigerator to convert the pre-cooled hydrogen into liquid hydrogen;
S3, a nitrogen purging unit is opened to purge a bleeding pipeline, liquid hydrogen in the liquefaction pool enters the testing Dewar until the liquid hydrogen pump to be tested is completely immersed in the liquid hydrogen, the liquid level is kept stable, and data measurement is carried out on the liquid hydrogen pump to be tested for many times;
S4, after the test is finished, the liquid hydrogen in the test Dewar is rewarmed to normal-temperature hydrogen through the first vaporizer, the liquid hydrogen in the liquefaction pool is rewarmed to normal-temperature hydrogen through the second vaporizer, and the liquid hydrogen is depressurized through the pressure reducing valve and then discharged into the relief pipeline;
s5, opening a helium purging unit to purge the bleeding pipeline.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the liquid hydrogen pump test system provided by the invention, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are utilized to pre-cool hydrogen, then the refrigerator is utilized to convert the hydrogen into liquid hydrogen, and after the liquid hydrogen pump to be tested is tested, the refrigeration capacity is recovered through the vaporizer.
(2) The liquid hydrogen pump test system provided by the invention utilizes the bleeding pipeline to discharge hydrogen in combination with the valve, can reasonably discharge hydrogen and prevent the hydrogen from being discharged, and meanwhile, the bleeding light path is also provided with a nitrogen purging unit and a helium purging unit, so that the low-temperature hydrogen can be prevented from condensing or freezing the pipeline.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall diagram of a liquid hydrogen pump test system of the present invention;
In the figure: buffer tank 1, first heat exchanger 2, second heat exchanger 3, heat exchange coil 4, vacuum pump group 5, liquefaction tank 6, cold box 7, filter 8, refrigerator 9, first vaporizer 10, second vaporizer 11, liquid hydrogen pump 12 to be tested, test Dewar 13, first valve 14, second valve 15, third valve 16, fourth valve 17, fifth valve 18, pressure reducing valve 19, seventh valve 20, third check valve 21, fourth check valve 22, seventh valve 23, fifth check valve 24, eighth valve 25, first check valve 26, second check valve 27, hydrogen inlet 28, liquid nitrogen inlet 29, helium gas interface end 30, nitrogen gas interface 30, helium gas interface 31, sixth valve 32;
The realization, functional characteristics and advantages of the present invention are further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly and completely describe the technical scheme of the invention, the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a liquid hydrogen pump testing system, which includes a supply unit, a testing unit and a refrigerating unit, wherein:
the supply unit comprises a first heat exchanger 2, a second heat exchanger 3 and a buffer tank 1;
The refrigerating unit comprises a cold box 7, a refrigerator 9 and a liquefaction pool 6, wherein the refrigerator 9 and the liquefaction pool 6 are arranged in the cold box 7, the refrigerator 9 is fixed at the top of the liquefaction pool 6, and the driving end of the refrigerator 9 is positioned outside the liquefaction pool 6;
the testing unit comprises a testing Dewar 13, a first vaporizer 10 and a second vaporizer 11, wherein a liquid hydrogen pump 12 to be tested is arranged in the testing Dewar 13;
the hydrogen inlet 28 end is sequentially connected with the buffer tank 1, the first heat exchange side of the first heat exchanger 2 and the first heat exchange side of the second heat exchanger 3 to the inlet end of the liquefaction pool 6, the liquid nitrogen inlet 29 end is sequentially connected with the second heat exchange side of the second heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchange side of the first heat exchanger 2, one branch of the outlet end of the liquefaction pool 6 is connected with the test Dewar 13, the outlet end of the liquid hydrogen pump 12 to be tested in the test Dewar 13 passes through the test Dewar 13 and is connected with the first vaporizer 10, and is connected with a bleeding pipeline from the outlet end of the first vaporizer 10, the other branch of the outlet end of the liquefaction pool 6 is connected with the second heat exchanger 3 and is converged with the outlet end of the first vaporizer 10 from the outlet end of the second heat exchanger 3, and is connected with an external bleeding pipeline.
In the present embodiment, the following is described.
The first heat exchanger 2 is used for recovering the cold energy of liquid nitrogen vaporization;
The second heat exchanger 3 is used for exchanging heat to pre-cool the liquid nitrogen into hydrogen;
The testing Dewar 13 is used for storing liquid hydrogen and testing the liquid hydrogen pump 12 to be tested;
The first vaporizer 10 and the second vaporizer 11 are used for recovering the cold energy of liquid hydrogen;
The buffer tank 1 is used for stabilizing the hydrogen pressure;
The liquefaction pool 6 is used for storing liquid hydrogen;
The refrigerator 9 is used for further cooling the liquefied hydrogen, and the refrigerator 9 adopts a GM refrigerator 9;
the cold box 7 is used for insulating the liquefaction pool 6 from the outside;
In a specific embodiment, the second heat exchanger 3 is a double-layer heat-insulating container formed by an inner container and a shell, a vacuum environment is arranged in an interlayer, a heat exchange coil 4 (namely, the first heat exchange side of the second heat exchanger 3) is arranged in the inner container (namely, the second heat exchange side of the second heat exchanger 3), liquid nitrogen in the inner container exchanges heat with hydrogen in the heat exchange coil 4, a filter 8 is further arranged between the liquefying pool 6 and outlets of the first vaporizer 10 and the second vaporizer 11, the filter 8 filters liquid hydrogen to prevent impurity gas particles from entering a pump body, a driving end of the refrigerator 9 is positioned outside the hydrogen liquefying pool 6, a nitrogen positive pressure protection explosion-proof mode is adopted, and a liquid hydrogen pump 12 to be tested is completely immersed in a testing dewar 13 for testing;
During testing, hydrogen enters the buffer tank 1 from the hydrogen inlet 28, then exchanges heat with liquid nitrogen through the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 3 to obtain precooled hydrogen, enters the liquefaction tank 6, is further cooled and liquefied into liquid hydrogen through the refrigerator 9, enters the testing Dewar 13 after the liquid hydrogen is liquefied, the liquid hydrogen pump 12 to be tested is completely immersed in the liquid hydrogen of the testing Dewar 13 for testing, a plurality of measuring point data are measured within a target flow range, a characteristic curve of the liquid hydrogen pump 12 to be tested is drawn according to relevant standards, the working frequency of the liquid hydrogen pump 12 to be tested is changed, the characteristic curves of the liquid hydrogen pump 12 to be tested under different working frequencies are measured, during testing, the liquid hydrogen after the testing is subjected to cold recovery through the first vaporizer 10 and enters a discharging pipeline, and after the testing is finished, redundant liquid hydrogen is respectively heard through the first vaporizer 10 and the second vaporizer 11 for cold recovery and enters the discharging pipeline.
In one embodiment, the liquefying tank 6 is internally provided with a pressure sensor P1 and a liquid level meter L1, the testing Dewar 13 is internally provided with a liquid level meter L2 and a pressure sensor P2, a diffusing pipeline is provided with a thermometer T1, the outlet of the first vaporizer 10 and the outlet of the second vaporizer 11 are respectively provided with a thermometer T2 and a thermometer T3, a thermometer P3 is arranged on a branch after the outlet of the first vaporizer 10 and the outlet of the second vaporizer 11 are converged, and the outlet end of the first vaporizer 10 is provided with a flowmeter F2, and the thermometer, the flowmeter, the pressure sensor and the liquid level meter are used for detecting parameters in real time so as to control the opening and closing of a valve.
In one embodiment, the buffer tank 1, the test Dewar 13 and the first vaporizer 10 are all provided with a pressure relief valve connected to the bleeding pipe, and the pressure can be relieved in time through the pressure relief valve when the pressure is excessive.
In one embodiment, the nitrogen is vaporized into nitrogen in the heat exchange process, the nitrogen temperature is very low, the nitrogen in the first heat exchanger 2 can be used for preliminary precooling for hydrogen, and the nitrogen in the second heat exchanger 3 can be used for precooling for hydrogen again, so that the cold energy utilization rate is improved.
Further, the device also comprises a vacuum pump set 5 and a replacement interface, wherein the vacuum pump set 5 is communicated with the cold box 7, and the replacement interface is communicated with the top of the liquefaction pool 6.
In the present embodiment, the following is described.
The vacuum pump set 5 is used for maintaining the high vacuum state of the cold box 7;
the replacement interface is used for introducing gas;
In a specific embodiment, the vacuum pump set 5 makes the interior of the cold box 7 in a vacuum state by evacuating the air in the cold box 7, so as to reduce the heat leakage of the cryogenic fluid in the cold box 7 to the environment; the replacement interface is used for replacing gas in the whole system to ensure that the environment in the system is pure hydrogen during testing so as to facilitate subsequent testing, the whole system is generally pumped down and then is filled with nitrogen, the operation is repeatedly performed for more than 10 times, helium is introduced for more than 3 times after the pumping down, and finally high-purity hydrogen is used for positive pressure purging for 3 times so as to ensure that the oxygen content in the final hydrogen is less than 0.5%.
Further, the system also comprises a first valve 14 and a second valve 15, wherein the first valve 14 is arranged between the second heat exchanger 3 and the inlet end of the liquefaction tank 6, and the second valve 15 is arranged between one outlet end of the liquefaction tank 6 and the bleeding pipeline.
In the present embodiment, the following is described.
The first valve 14 is used for controlling the on-off of the supply unit and the refrigeration unit;
The second valve 15 is used for controlling on-off discharge of hydrogen in the refrigeration unit;
in a specific embodiment, the liquid hydrogen cooled by the second heat exchanger 3 enters the liquefaction tank 6 and is cooled again by the refrigerator 9, the pressure is increased due to the condition that the liquid hydrogen is evaporated due to heat leakage of the system, and when the pressure is increased, the pressure sensor P1 in the liquefaction tank 6 controls the second valve 15 to be opened, so that hydrogen is discharged, and the pressure in the liquefaction tank 6 is controlled.
Further, the device also comprises a third valve 16 and a fourth valve 17, wherein the third valve 16 is arranged between one branch of the outlet end of the liquefaction tank 6 and the test Dewar 13, and the fourth valve 17 is arranged between the other branch of the outlet end of the liquefaction tank 6 and the second vaporizer 11.
In the present embodiment, the following is described.
The third valve 16 is used for controlling the on-off of the refrigerating unit to the test Dewar 13
The fourth valve 17 is used for controlling the on-off of the second vaporizer 11 and the refrigerating unit;
In a specific embodiment, the liquid level sensor L2 in the test dewar 13 monitors the liquid level of the liquid hydrogen in the test dewar 13, and further controls the on-off of the third valve 16 to ensure the liquid level in the test dewar 13 to be stable, after the test is finished, the fourth valve 17 can be opened and the liquid hydrogen is discharged to the second vaporizer 11 for rewarming, and meanwhile, when an emergency occurs, the fourth valve 17 can be opened to discharge the liquid hydrogen.
Further, a fifth valve 18 is further included, and the fifth valve 18 is disposed between the outlet end of the liquid hydrogen pump 12 to be tested and the first vaporizer 10.
In the present embodiment, the following is described.
The fifth valve 18 can regulate the flow;
in a specific embodiment, during testing, the working frequency of the liquid hydrogen pump 12 to be tested can be set first, by adjusting the flow of the fifth valve 18, and matching with the flow measured by the flow meter F2 on the outlet end of the first vaporizer 10 and the pump outlet pressure measured by the pressure sensor P2 in the test dewar 13, the data measurement of a plurality of measuring points can be realized within the target flow range, and finally, the tested liquid hydrogen can also flow into the first vaporizer 10 through the fifth valve 18 for rewarming and conversion into hydrogen.
Further, a pressure reducing valve 19 is also included, and the pressure reducing valve 19 is provided between the merging outlet end of the first vaporizer 10 and the second vaporizer 11 and the bleeding line.
In the present embodiment, the following is described.
The pressure reducing valve 19 is used for reducing the pressure of the pipeline;
in the specific embodiment, since the liquid hydrogen is converted into hydrogen through the first vaporizer 10 and the second vaporizer 11, the pressure is reduced by the pressure reducing valve 19 and then discharged into the discharge pipeline, and the liquid hydrogen is reduced by the pressure reducing valve 19 and then safely discharged into the discharge pipeline for subsequent treatment.
Further, a sixth valve 32 and a seventh valve 2320 are included, the sixth valve 32 is disposed between one outlet end of the test dewar 13 and the relief line, and the seventh valve 2320 is disposed between the outlet end of the pressure reducing valve 19 and the relief line.
In the present embodiment, the following is described.
The sixth valve 32 is used for controlling the on-off of the test Dewar 13 in the diffusing pipeline;
the seventh valve 2320 is used for controlling the on-off of the first vaporizer 10 and the second vaporizer 11 to the bleeding pipeline;
In the specific embodiment, since the liquid level of the liquid hydrogen in the test dewar 13 is gradually increased, and meanwhile, the situation that the liquid hydrogen in the test dewar 13 is converted into hydrogen by heat leakage occurs, the gas needs to be discharged to ensure the gas balance in the test dewar 13, and the sixth valve 32 is arranged on an outlet at the top of the test dewar 13 so as to discharge the hydrogen.
Further, the valve further comprises a first check valve 26, a second check valve 27 and a third check valve 21, wherein the first check valve 26 is arranged between the second valve 15 and the diffusing pipeline, the third check valve 21 is arranged between the second valve 15 and the diffusing pipeline, the second check valve 27 is arranged between the outlet end of the sixth valve 32 and the diffusing pipeline, and the third check valve 21 is arranged between the outlet end of the seventh valve 2320 and the diffusing pipeline.
In the specific embodiment, since the bleed line contains helium and nitrogen, it is necessary to prevent the bleed line gas from flowing back into the system, and the first check valve 26, the second check valve 27 and the third check valve 21 can prevent the bleed line gas from entering the system.
Further, the nitrogen purging unit and the helium purging unit are further included, the helium purging unit comprises a seventh valve 2320 and a fourth one-way valve 22 which are sequentially connected with the end 30 of the helium interface 31, and are connected to one end of the diffusing pipeline from the outlet end of the fourth one-way valve 22, and the nitrogen purging unit comprises an eighth valve 25 and a fifth one-way valve 24 which are sequentially connected with the end 30 of the nitrogen interface and are communicated with the other end of the diffusing pipeline.
In the present embodiment, the following is described.
The nitrogen purging unit is used for preventing air from entering the system;
the helium purging unit is used for preventing nitrogen from condensing;
In a specific embodiment, nitrogen passes through the nitrogen purging interface, the eighth valve 25 and the fifth one-way valve 24 in sequence and purges the bleeding pipeline, during the test of the liquid hydrogen pump 12 to be tested, nitrogen is always introduced into the bleeding pipeline, external air can be prevented from entering the system through the bleeding pipeline, when the temperature of the bleeding hydrogen is lower than the liquid nitrogen temperature under the condition of the outside of the system, the thermometer T1 in the bleeding pipeline can sense and control the seventh valve 2320 to be opened, helium can enter the bleeding system to be purged through the helium interface 31, the seventh valve 2320 and the fourth valve 17 in sequence, so that the nitrogen is prevented from being condensed or frozen, and the flowmeter F1 is further arranged on the helium purging pipeline to detect the gas flow.
Further, the testing method of the liquid hydrogen pump testing system comprises the following steps:
s1, replacing gas through a replacement interface to ensure that the whole system is in a pure hydrogen environment;
S2, sequentially filling liquid nitrogen into the second heat exchanger 3 and the first heat exchanger 2, simultaneously sequentially filling hydrogen into the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 3, enabling the liquid nitrogen to exchange heat and pre-cool the hydrogen, enabling the pre-cooled hydrogen to enter the liquefaction tank 6, and refrigerating again through the refrigerator 9 to be converted into liquid hydrogen;
S3, a nitrogen purging unit is opened to purge a bleeding pipeline, and meanwhile liquid hydrogen in the liquefaction pool 6 enters the testing Dewar 13 until the liquid hydrogen pump 12 to be tested is completely immersed in the liquid hydrogen and the liquid level is kept stable, and data measurement is carried out on the liquid hydrogen pump 12 to be tested for many times;
S4, after the test is finished, the liquid hydrogen in the test Dewar 13 is reweighed into normal-temperature hydrogen through the first vaporizer 10, the liquid hydrogen in the liquefaction pool 6 is reweighed into normal-temperature hydrogen through the second vaporizer 11, and the hydrogen is depressurized through the depressurization valve 19 and then discharged into a bleeding pipeline;
s5, opening a helium purging unit to purge the bleeding pipeline.
In a specific embodiment, the method comprises the following steps:
replacement gas: the system is evacuated through a replacement interface by using a vacuum pump, nitrogen is filled, the operation is repeated for more than 10 times, the operation is performed for more than 3 times by adopting a mode of filling helium after vacuumizing, and finally the replacement is performed for 3 times by positive pressure filling and purging of high-purity hydrogen, so that the oxygen content in the hydrogen is ensured to be less than 0.5 percent and is qualified;
Liquid hydrogen is produced: introducing liquid nitrogen into the second heat exchanger 3 through a liquid nitrogen inlet 29, controlling the liquid nitrogen filling amount through a liquid level sensor of the second heat exchanger 3, ensuring that the second heat exchanger 3 has sufficient liquid nitrogen, and then using a vacuum pump set 5 to evacuate the cold box 7, wherein the vacuum degree at normal temperature is ensured to be maintained at 10 -2 Pa, and the vacuum pump set 5 needs to work all the time to maintain the vacuum degree of the cold box 7 in the whole test process;
Introducing hydrogen to be liquefied into the system through a hydrogen inlet 28, buffering the hydrogen by a buffer tank 1, then entering the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 3 for heat exchange, wherein the temperature of raw material hydrogen cooled by liquid nitrogen is about 80K at the moment, and the nitrogen is discharged to the atmosphere or reused through a nitrogen discharge port;
The refrigerator 9 is arranged in the liquefaction pool 6, when 80K raw material hydrogen enters the hydrogen liquefaction pool 6 through the first valve 14, the raw material hydrogen is further liquefied into liquid hydrogen through the refrigerator 9 and is stored in the liquefaction pool 6, and when the liquid level sensor L1 monitors that the liquefied liquid hydrogen is enough for the liquid hydrogen pump to be used for testing, the whole liquefaction operation flow is stopped;
testing a liquid hydrogen pump; opening a third valve 16, enabling liquid hydrogen in the liquefaction pool 6 to enter a test Dewar 13 through a filter 8, immersing a liquid hydrogen pump 12 to be tested in the liquid hydrogen in the test Dewar 13, and then monitoring the liquid level of the liquid hydrogen in the test Dewar 13 by a liquid level sensor L2, and further controlling the third valve 16 in a feedback manner to ensure the stability of the liquid hydrogen;
Setting the working frequency of the liquid hydrogen pump 12 to be tested, opening the fifth valve 18, measuring the flow of the liquid hydrogen pump 12 to be tested through the flowmeter F2, measuring the outlet pressure of the liquid hydrogen pump 12 to be tested through the pressure sensor P2, realizing data measurement of a plurality of measuring points in the range of target flow, calculating and drawing a characteristic curve of the pump according to relevant standards, finally changing the working frequency of the pump to be tested, measuring the characteristic curves of the pump under different working frequencies, and completing the test.
And (3) diffusing hydrogen: after the test is finished, the residual liquid hydrogen in the system enters the second vaporizer 11 through the fourth valve 17 to be rewarmed into normal-temperature hydrogen to be discharged, the liquid hydrogen in the test Dewar 13 enters the first vaporizer 10 through the third valve 16 to be rewarmed into normal-temperature hydrogen to be discharged, and finally the liquid hydrogen and the first vaporizer are depressurized through the pressure reducing valve 19 and then enter the diffusing pipeline.
In one embodiment, the testing Dewar is not required, namely the outlet end of the liquefaction pool is directly connected with the liquid hydrogen pump to be tested to complete the test of the liquid hydrogen pump to be tested, and the same effect can be achieved.
Of course, the present invention can be implemented in various other embodiments, and based on this embodiment, those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without any inventive effort, which fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A liquid hydrogen pump test system, characterized by including supply unit, test unit, sweep unit and refrigeration unit, wherein:
the supply unit comprises a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger and a buffer tank;
the refrigerating unit comprises a cold box, a refrigerator and a liquefaction pool, wherein the refrigerator and the liquefaction pool are arranged in the cold box, the refrigerator is fixed at the top of the liquefaction pool, and the driving end of the refrigerator is positioned outside the liquefaction pool;
the testing unit comprises a testing Dewar, a first vaporizer and a second vaporizer, wherein a liquid hydrogen pump to be tested is arranged in the testing Dewar;
The hydrogen inlet end is sequentially connected with the buffer tank, the first heat exchange side of the first heat exchanger, the first heat exchange side of the second heat exchanger and the inlet end of the liquefaction pool, the liquid nitrogen inlet end is sequentially connected with the second heat exchange side of the second heat exchanger and the second heat exchange side of the first heat exchanger, one branch of the outlet end of the liquefaction pool is connected with the test Dewar, the outlet end of a liquid hydrogen pump to be tested in the test Dewar penetrates through the test Dewar and is connected with the first vaporizer and is connected to a bleeding pipeline from the outlet end of the first vaporizer, and the other branch of the outlet end of the liquefaction pool is connected with the second heat exchanger and is connected to the outlet end of the first vaporizer from the outlet end of the second heat exchanger and is connected to the bleeding pipeline.
2. The liquid hydrogen pump test system of claim 1, further comprising a vacuum pump stack in communication with the cold box and a displacement interface in communication with the top of the liquefaction tank.
3. The liquid hydrogen pump test system of claim 1, further comprising a first valve disposed between the second heat exchanger and the inlet end of the liquefaction tank and a second valve disposed between an outlet end of the liquefaction tank and a bleeding line.
4. The liquid hydrogen pump test system of claim 1, further comprising a third valve disposed between one leg of the liquefaction tank outlet and the test dewar and a fourth valve disposed between the other leg of the liquefaction tank outlet and the second vaporizer.
5. The liquid hydrogen pump test system of claim 1, further comprising a fifth valve disposed between the liquid hydrogen pump outlet end to be tested and the first vaporizer.
6. The liquid hydrogen pump test system of claim 3, further comprising a pressure relief valve disposed between a converging outlet end of the first vaporizer and the second vaporizer to a bleeding line.
7. The liquid hydrogen pump test system of claim 6, further comprising a sixth valve disposed between an outlet end of the test dewar and a bleed line and a seventh valve disposed between an outlet end of the pressure relief valve and the bleed line.
8. The liquid hydrogen pump test system of claim 7, further comprising a first check valve, a second check valve, and a third check valve, wherein the first check valve is disposed between the second valve and the bleeding line, the third check valve is disposed between the second valve and the bleeding line, the second check valve is disposed between the sixth valve outlet end and the bleeding line, and the third check valve is disposed between the seventh valve outlet end and the bleeding line.
9. The liquid hydrogen pump test system of claim 1, further comprising a nitrogen purge unit and a helium purge unit, wherein the helium purge unit comprises a seventh valve and a fourth check valve connected in sequence to a helium interface end and is connected to one end of the bleeding line from a fourth check valve outlet end, and the nitrogen purge unit comprises an eighth valve and a fifth check valve connected in sequence to a nitrogen interface end and is communicated with the other end of the bleeding line.
10. A liquid hydrogen pump test system according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that the test method of the liquid hydrogen pump test system comprises the steps of:
s1, replacing gas through a replacement interface to ensure that the whole system is in a pure hydrogen environment;
s2, sequentially filling liquid nitrogen into the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger, simultaneously sequentially filling hydrogen into the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, enabling the liquid nitrogen to exchange heat and pre-cool the hydrogen, enabling the pre-cooled hydrogen to enter a liquefaction tank, and refrigerating again through a refrigerator to convert the pre-cooled hydrogen into liquid hydrogen;
S3, a nitrogen purging unit is opened to purge a bleeding pipeline, liquid hydrogen in the liquefaction pool enters the testing Dewar until the liquid hydrogen pump to be tested is completely immersed in the liquid hydrogen, the liquid level is kept stable, and data measurement is carried out on the liquid hydrogen pump to be tested for many times;
S4, after the test is finished, the liquid hydrogen in the test Dewar is rewarmed to normal-temperature hydrogen through the first vaporizer, the liquid hydrogen in the liquefaction pool is rewarmed to normal-temperature hydrogen through the second vaporizer, and the liquid hydrogen is depressurized through the pressure reducing valve and then discharged into the relief pipeline;
s5, opening a helium purging unit to purge the bleeding pipeline.
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| CN202410743213.7A CN118564444A (en) | 2024-06-11 | 2024-06-11 | Liquid hydrogen pump testing system and testing method |
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| CN202410743213.7A CN118564444A (en) | 2024-06-11 | 2024-06-11 | Liquid hydrogen pump testing system and testing method |
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