CN118635524A - Laser stereo forming connection method for dissimilar metal pipes - Google Patents

Laser stereo forming connection method for dissimilar metal pipes Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118635524A
CN118635524A CN202410694464.0A CN202410694464A CN118635524A CN 118635524 A CN118635524 A CN 118635524A CN 202410694464 A CN202410694464 A CN 202410694464A CN 118635524 A CN118635524 A CN 118635524A
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powder
stainless steel
nickel
dissimilar metal
powder feeding
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Inventor
刘金娥
鲁元
陈梦诗
贠柯
杨旭
丁勇
张雅荣
李德标
毕成
郑杰
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Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology
Xi'an Shiyou University
Xian Special Equipment Inspection and Testing Institute
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Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology
Xi'an Shiyou University
Xian Special Equipment Inspection and Testing Institute
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Priority to CN202410694464.0A priority Critical patent/CN118635524A/en
Publication of CN118635524A publication Critical patent/CN118635524A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
    • B22F1/065—Spherical particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/34—Process control of powder characteristics, e.g. density, oxidation or flowability
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
    • B22F5/106—Tube or ring forms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser three-dimensional forming connection method for dissimilar metal pipelines, which comprises the following steps: firstly, preprocessing nickel-based alloy powder and stainless steel powder; and secondly, carrying out double continuous powder feeding by using an automatic laser three-dimensional forming device and taking argon as protective gas and adopting a multi-path synchronous paraxial powder feeding system to prepare the dissimilar metal pipeline connecting joint. The method of the invention uses nickel-based alloy powder and stainless steel powder as main raw materials, and prepares the dissimilar metal pipeline comprising the stainless steel pipe section, the composite metal pipe section and the nickel-based alloy pipe section which are sequentially connected based on bicontinuous multipath synchronous paraxial powder feeding by a laser three-dimensional forming technology, wherein the dissimilar metal pipeline does not have obvious interfaces for connecting all pipe sections, the whole microstructure, components and performance of the pipeline are not mutated, the defects of stress concentration and the like at the connecting position of the traditional connecting pipe section can be solved pertinently, and the method has the characteristic of excellent whole mechanical property of the pipeline.

Description

Laser three-dimensional forming connection method for dissimilar metal pipeline
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material forming, and particularly relates to a laser three-dimensional forming and connecting method for dissimilar metal pipelines.
Background
The ultra-supercritical unit is the most advanced clean coal power generation technology in the world at present, and becomes the necessary trend of the current thermal power generation in China by the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection, energy conservation and the like. According to incomplete statistics, the ultra-supercritical (USC) unit currently being built and planned to be built in China has nearly 50, one of the key technologies for developing the USC unit is the development and application of novel heat-resistant steel, wherein austenitic heat-resistant steel represented by Sup304H and nickel-based alloy represented by Incoloy800 series alloy are materials applied to 1000MW ultra-supercritical unit. The USC unit in China is higher than the European similar unit in pressure and temperature, and at present, no same model can be used for reference in the world in terms of pipeline material selection, meanwhile, the research on the dissimilar alloy welding technology of austenitic heat-resistant steel and nickel-based alloy in China is far behind European and Japanese, and technical data almost depend on suppliers of steel and related foreign technical documents, so that the design, manufacturing and safe operation of the ultra-supercritical unit in China are restricted to a great extent.
The steam temperature of each area of the boiler superheater in the ultra-supercritical unit is different, the requirements on corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and high-temperature creep property of the used pipe are also different, a large number of welded joints are needed on the pipe parts of the unit superheater, and the advantages and disadvantages of the joint performance relate to safe and reliable operation of the unit. The current bursting leakage of a superheater tube, an economizer tube, a water wall tube and a reheater tube is one of the main problems affecting the safe and economic operation of the ultra-supercritical unit, the joint is a multiple zone of bursting leakage accidents, the quality and the reliability of the joint are important factors for determining whether the ultra-supercritical power station boiler can safely operate, and the provision of the dissimilar alloy joint capable of meeting the severe working conditions of the ultra-supercritical unit is one of key links for ensuring the technical research and development and the safe operation of the ultra-supercritical unit in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a laser three-dimensional forming connection method for dissimilar metal pipelines aiming at the defects of the prior art. The method of the invention uses nickel-based alloy powder and stainless steel powder as main raw materials, and prepares the dissimilar metal pipeline comprising the stainless steel pipe section, the composite metal pipe section and the nickel-based alloy pipe section which are sequentially connected based on bicontinuous multipath synchronous paraxial powder feeding by a laser three-dimensional forming technology, wherein the dissimilar metal pipeline does not have obvious interfaces for connecting all pipe sections, the whole microstructure, components and performance of the pipeline are not mutated, the defects of stress concentration and the like at the connecting position of the traditional connecting pipe section can be solved pertinently, and the method has the characteristic of excellent whole mechanical property of the pipeline.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the laser three-dimensional forming connection method for the dissimilar metal pipeline is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, preprocessing nickel-based alloy powder and stainless steel powder;
and secondly, carrying out double continuous powder feeding by using an automatic laser three-dimensional forming device and taking argon as protective gas and adopting a multi-path synchronous paraxial powder feeding system to prepare the dissimilar metal pipeline connecting joint.
The laser three-dimensional forming connection method for the dissimilar metal pipeline is characterized in that in the first step, the pretreatment specifically comprises the following steps: and respectively placing the nickel-based alloy powder and the stainless steel powder into a high-temperature furnace at 120 ℃ for drying for 2 hours.
The laser three-dimensional forming connection method of the dissimilar metal pipeline is characterized in that in the first step, the nickel-based alloy powder is spherical nickel-based alloy Inconel718 powder, the average grain diameter is less than 20 mu m, and the nickel-based alloy Inconel718 comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 17.0 to 21.0 percent of Cr, 2.8 to 3.3 percent of Mo, 4.75 to 5.5 percent of Nb, 50 to 55 percent of Ni, 0.2 to 0.8 percent of Al, 0.65 to 1.15 percent of Ti, 0.35 percent of Mn, 0.35 percent of Si and the balance of Fe; the stainless steel powder is spherical austenite 316L powder, the average grain diameter is less than 20 mu m, and the stainless steel powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 17.1% of Cr, 13.5% of Ni, 2.3% of Mo, 0.2% of Mn, 0.8% of Si and the balance of Fe.
The laser three-dimensional forming connection method of the dissimilar metal pipeline is characterized in that in the second step, the argon pressure of the protective atmosphere is 0.04MPa; in the second step, the dissimilar metal pipeline connection joint comprises a stainless steel pipe section, a composite metal pipe section and a nickel-based alloy pipe section which are sequentially connected.
The laser three-dimensional forming connection method for the dissimilar metal pipeline is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 201, loading the pretreated stainless steel powder and the pretreated nickel-based alloy powder in a multipath synchronous paraxial powder feeding system, so that the pretreated stainless steel powder can be ejected from a first nozzle according to a preset powder feeding amount, the pretreated nickel-based alloy powder can be ejected from a second nozzle according to the preset powder feeding amount, the substrate is preheated, and the first nozzle, the second nozzle and the laser beam are adjusted to be opposite to the substrate;
Step 202, starting a first nozzle, keeping a second nozzle closed, starting powder feeding of the pretreated stainless steel powder, synchronously scanning a laser beam, forming light spots on a substrate to melt sprayed powder, forming deposition until the preset stainless steel powder is deposited, and finishing preparation of the stainless steel pipe section;
Step 203, starting a second nozzle, keeping the first nozzle open, feeding the pretreated nickel-base alloy powder and the pretreated stainless steel powder according to a preset powder feeding amount, and performing fused deposition on the powder under synchronous scanning of a laser beam until the nickel-base alloy powder and the stainless steel powder are deposited, thereby completing preparation of the composite metal pipe section;
and 204, closing the first nozzle, keeping the second nozzle open, continuously feeding the pretreated nickel-base alloy powder, and performing fused deposition on the powder under synchronous scanning of a laser beam until the preset nickel-base alloy powder is deposited, thereby completing the preparation of the dissimilar metal pipeline connecting joint.
The laser three-dimensional forming connection method for the dissimilar metal pipeline is characterized in that in step 201, the preheating temperature of the substrate is 1600-1800 ℃ and the preheating time is 1-2 h.
The laser three-dimensional forming connection method of the dissimilar metal pipeline is characterized in that in the step 202, the outer diameter of the stainless steel pipe section is 9-45 mm, and the wall thickness is 3-9 mm; in the step 202, the powder feeding pressure is 0.6-0.8 MPa, the powder feeding voltage is 18-22V, the scanning speed is 800-1200 mm/h, the laser power is 1200-1400W, the powder feeding amount is 6-8 g/min, and the light spot diameter is 2mm.
The laser three-dimensional forming connection method of the dissimilar metal pipeline is characterized in that in the step 203, the powder feeding pressure is 0.6-0.8 MPa, the powder feeding voltage is 18-22V, the scanning speed is 800-1200 mm/h, the laser power is 1400-1600W, and the light spot diameter is 2mm; in step 203, the powder feeding amount of the stainless steel powder is reduced at a constant speed, the powder feeding amount of the stainless steel pipe section is reduced to 0g/min at a constant speed, the powder feeding amount of the nickel-based alloy powder is increased at a constant speed, and the powder feeding amount of the stainless steel pipe section is increased from 0g/min at a constant speed, wherein the powder feeding amount of the stainless steel pipe section is the same as the powder feeding amount for completing the preparation of the stainless steel pipe section in step 202; in step 203, the outer diameter and wall thickness of the composite metal pipe section are the same as those of the stainless steel pipe section.
The laser three-dimensional forming connection method for the dissimilar metal pipeline is characterized in that in step 203, the sum of the powder feeding amounts of the stainless steel powder and the nickel-based alloy powder is kept equal to the powder feeding amount of the stainless steel pipe section.
The laser three-dimensional forming connection method of the dissimilar metal pipeline is characterized in that in the step 204, the external diameter and the wall thickness of a nickel-based alloy pipe section obtained by nickel-based alloy powder deposition are the same as those of a stainless steel pipe section; in the step 204, the powder feeding pressure is 0.6-0.8 MPa, the powder feeding voltage is 18-22V, the scanning speed is 800-1200 mm/h, the laser power is 1400-1600W, the powder feeding amount is the powder feeding amount of the nickel-base alloy powder in the step 203, the powder feeding amount is increased to the maximum value at a constant speed, and the light spot diameter is 2mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. The invention relates to a laser three-dimensional forming connection method for a dissimilar metal pipeline, which is characterized in that nickel-based alloy powder and stainless steel powder are used as main raw materials, the dissimilar metal pipeline comprising a stainless steel pipeline section, a composite metal pipeline section and a nickel-based alloy pipeline section which are sequentially connected is prepared based on double continuous multipath synchronous paraxial powder feeding by a laser three-dimensional forming technology, the dissimilar metal pipeline does not have obvious interfaces for connecting all pipeline sections, the whole microstructure, components and performance of the pipeline are not mutated, the defects of stress concentration and the like at the connecting position of the traditional connecting pipeline section can be overcome pertinently, and the method has the characteristic of excellent whole mechanical property of the pipeline.
2. The laser three-dimensional forming connection method for the dissimilar metal pipeline comprises the steps of taking spherical nickel-based alloy Inconel718 powder and spherical austenite 316L powder as main raw materials, and compared with common austenitic heat-resistant steel and nickel-based alloy, the laser three-dimensional forming connection method has the characteristics of higher creep rupture strength, high-temperature steam oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, high-temperature oxidation resistance, high-temperature carburization resistance, chloride stress corrosion cracking resistance and sigma phase precipitation resistance, and can effectively meet the performance requirements of connecting pipes of ultra-supercritical units.
3. Preferably, the laser three-dimensional forming connection method of the dissimilar metal pipeline comprises the steps of firstly synchronously feeding stainless steel powder in a constant powder feeding amount, then synchronously feeding the stainless steel powder and the nickel-based alloy powder in a bicontinuous variable manner, and finally synchronously feeding the nickel-based alloy powder in a constant powder feeding amount, so that a gradient functional material capable of avoiding an interface effect on the basis of continuously changing the alloy component proportion can be obtained, the connection of each pipe section is reliable, the uniformity of the overall performance of the pipeline is effectively broken through, and the heterogeneous dissimilar alloy pipeline with continuously graded performance is obtained.
4. The method can successfully obtain the dissimilar alloy pipeline, and has obvious economic and social benefits for technical research and development and safe operation of the ultra-supercritical unit in China.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the examples.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a metallographic photograph of a dissimilar metal pipe connection joint prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment provides a laser three-dimensional forming connection method for dissimilar metal pipelines, which comprises the following steps:
step one, preprocessing nickel-based alloy powder and stainless steel powder, which specifically comprises the following steps: respectively placing nickel-based alloy powder and stainless steel powder into a high-temperature furnace at 120 ℃ for drying for 2 hours;
The nickel-based alloy powder is spherical nickel-based alloy Inconel718 powder, the average grain diameter is less than 20 mu m, and the nickel-based alloy Inconel718 comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 17.0 to 21.0 percent of Cr, 2.8 to 3.3 percent of Mo, 4.75 to 5.5 percent of Nb, 50 to 55 percent of Ni, 0.2 to 0.8 percent of Al, 0.65 to 1.15 percent of Ti, 0.35 percent of Mn, 0.35 percent of Si and the balance of Fe; the stainless steel powder is spherical austenite 316L powder, the average grain diameter is less than 20 mu m, and the stainless steel powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 17.1% of Cr, 13.5% of Ni, 2.3% of Mo, 0.2% of Mn, 0.8% of Si and the balance of Fe;
Step two, performing bicontinuous powder feeding by using automatic laser three-dimensional forming equipment and taking argon as protective gas by adopting a multipath synchronous paraxial powder feeding system to prepare a dissimilar metal pipeline connecting joint; the dissimilar metal pipeline connecting joint comprises a stainless steel pipe section, a composite metal pipe section and a nickel-based alloy pipe section which are sequentially connected; the method for preparing the dissimilar metal pipeline connection joint specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 201, loading the pretreated stainless steel powder and the pretreated nickel-based alloy powder in a multipath synchronous paraxial powder feeding system, so that the pretreated stainless steel powder can be ejected from a first nozzle according to a preset powder feeding amount, the pretreated nickel-based alloy powder can be ejected from a second nozzle according to the preset powder feeding amount, the substrate is preheated, and the first nozzle, the second nozzle and the laser beam are adjusted to be opposite to the substrate; the preheating temperature of the substrate is 1600 ℃, and the preheating time is 1h;
Step 202, starting a first nozzle, keeping a second nozzle closed, starting powder feeding of the pretreated stainless steel powder, synchronously scanning a laser beam, forming light spots on a substrate to melt sprayed powder, forming deposition until the preset stainless steel powder is deposited, and finishing preparation of the stainless steel pipe section; the outer diameter of the stainless steel pipe section is 9mm, the wall thickness is 3mm, and the length is 300mm; the powder feeding pressure is 0.6MPa, the powder feeding voltage is 18V, the scanning speed is 800mm/h, the argon pressure of the protective atmosphere is 0.04MPa, the laser power is 1200W, the powder feeding amount is 6g/min, and the diameter of a light spot is 2mm;
Step 203, starting a second nozzle, keeping the first nozzle open, feeding the pretreated nickel-base alloy powder and the pretreated stainless steel powder according to a preset powder feeding amount, and performing fused deposition on the powder under synchronous scanning of a laser beam until the nickel-base alloy powder and the stainless steel powder are deposited, thereby completing preparation of the composite metal pipe section; the powder feeding pressure is 0.6MPa, the powder feeding voltage is 18V, the scanning speed is 800mm/h, the argon pressure of the protective atmosphere is 0.04MPa, the laser power is 1400W, and the light spot diameter is 2mm; the powder feeding amount of the stainless steel powder is reduced at a constant speed from 6g/min to 0g/min; the powder feeding amount of the nickel-based alloy powder is increased at a constant speed from 0g/min to 6g/min, and the total powder feeding amount of the stainless steel powder and the nickel-based alloy powder is kept at 6g/min; the outer diameter of the composite metal pipe section is 9mm, the wall thickness is 3mm, and the length is 6mm;
Step 204, closing the first nozzle, keeping the second nozzle open, continuously feeding the pretreated nickel-base alloy powder, and performing fused deposition on the powder under synchronous scanning of a laser beam until the preset nickel-base alloy powder is deposited, so as to finish the preparation of the dissimilar metal pipeline connecting joint; the nickel-based alloy pipe section obtained by nickel-based alloy powder deposition has the outer diameter of 9mm, the wall thickness of 3mm and the length of 300mm; the powder feeding pressure is 0.6MPa, the powder feeding voltage is 18V, the scanning speed is 800mm/h, the argon pressure of the protective atmosphere is 0.04MPa, the laser power is 1400W, the powder feeding amount is 6g/min, and the spot diameter is 2mm.
The automatic laser stereoscopic forming equipment is BLT-400 laser stereoscopic forming equipment, manufacturers are SiAN platinum super additive technology Co., ltd, and synchronous powder feeding laser stereoscopic forming mainly comprises the steps of synchronously irradiating powder by laser beams to enable the powder to be fused, deposited and solidified to form, and layer-by-layer stacking is achieved, so that the required material is prepared.
Fig. 1 is a metallographic photograph of the dissimilar metal pipe connection joint prepared in example 1, and it can be obviously observed from the photograph that the microstructure of the dissimilar metal pipe connection joint is uniform, the microstructure is not mutated, no obvious interface exists, and no cracking phenomenon exists, which indicates that the microstructure of the dissimilar metal pipe connection joint of 316L austenitic stainless steel and Inconel718 nickel base alloy prepared by the laser stereolithography technology in the embodiment is good, and the mechanical property is excellent.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a laser three-dimensional forming connection method for dissimilar metal pipelines, which comprises the following steps:
step one, preprocessing nickel-based alloy powder and stainless steel powder, which specifically comprises the following steps: respectively placing nickel-based alloy powder and stainless steel powder into a high-temperature furnace at 120 ℃ for drying for 2 hours;
The nickel-based alloy powder is spherical nickel-based alloy Inconel718 powder, the average grain diameter is less than 20 mu m, and the nickel-based alloy Inconel718 comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 17.0 to 21.0 percent of Cr, 2.8 to 3.3 percent of Mo, 4.75 to 5.5 percent of Nb, 50 to 55 percent of Ni, 0.2 to 0.8 percent of Al, 0.65 to 1.15 percent of Ti, 0.35 percent of Mn, 0.35 percent of Si and the balance of Fe; the stainless steel powder is spherical austenite 316L powder, the average grain diameter is less than 20 mu m, and the stainless steel powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 17.1% of Cr, 13.5% of Ni, 2.3% of Mo, 0.2% of Mn, 0.8% of Si and the balance of Fe;
Step two, performing bicontinuous powder feeding by using automatic laser three-dimensional forming equipment and taking argon as protective gas by adopting a multipath synchronous paraxial powder feeding system to prepare a dissimilar metal pipeline connecting joint; the dissimilar metal pipeline connecting joint comprises a stainless steel pipe section, a composite metal pipe section and a nickel-based alloy pipe section which are sequentially connected; the method for preparing the dissimilar metal pipeline connection joint specifically comprises the following steps:
step 201, loading the pretreated stainless steel powder and the pretreated nickel-based alloy powder in a multipath synchronous paraxial powder feeding system, so that the pretreated stainless steel powder can be ejected from a first nozzle according to a preset powder feeding amount, the pretreated nickel-based alloy powder can be ejected from a second nozzle according to the preset powder feeding amount, the substrate is preheated, and the first nozzle, the second nozzle and the laser beam are adjusted to be opposite to the substrate; the preheating temperature of the substrate is 1700 ℃, and the preheating time is 1.5h;
Step 202, starting a first nozzle, keeping a second nozzle closed, starting powder feeding of the pretreated stainless steel powder, synchronously scanning a laser beam, forming light spots on a substrate to melt sprayed powder, forming deposition until the preset stainless steel powder is deposited, and finishing preparation of the stainless steel pipe section; the outer diameter of the stainless steel pipe section is 25mm, the wall thickness is 6mm, and the length is 300mm; the powder feeding pressure is 0.7MPa, the powder feeding voltage is 20V, the scanning speed is 1000mm/h, the protective atmosphere argon pressure is 0.06MPa, the laser power is 1300W, the powder feeding amount is 7g/min, and the spot diameter is 2mm; the length of the stainless steel pipe section can be adjusted according to the requirement;
Step 203, starting a second nozzle, keeping the first nozzle open, feeding the pretreated nickel-base alloy powder and the pretreated stainless steel powder according to a preset powder feeding amount, and performing fused deposition on the powder under synchronous scanning of a laser beam until the nickel-base alloy powder and the stainless steel powder are deposited, thereby completing preparation of the composite metal pipe section; the powder feeding pressure is 0.7MPa, the powder feeding voltage is 20V, the scanning speed is 1000mm/h, the argon pressure of the protective atmosphere is 0.06MPa, the laser power is 1500W, and the diameter of a light spot is 2mm; the powder feeding amount of the stainless steel powder is reduced at a constant speed from 7g/min to 0g/min; the powder feeding amount of the nickel-based alloy powder is increased at a constant speed from 0g/min to 7g/min, and the total powder feeding amount of the stainless steel powder and the nickel-based alloy powder is kept at 7g/min; the outer diameter of the composite metal pipe section is 25mm, the wall thickness is 6mm, and the length is 8mm; the length of the composite metal pipe section can be adjusted according to the requirement;
Step 204, closing the first nozzle, keeping the second nozzle open, continuously feeding the pretreated nickel-base alloy powder, and performing fused deposition on the powder under synchronous scanning of a laser beam until the preset nickel-base alloy powder is deposited, so as to finish the preparation of the dissimilar metal pipeline connecting joint; the nickel-based alloy pipe section obtained by nickel-based alloy powder deposition has the outer diameter of 25mm, the wall thickness of 6mm and the length of 300mm; the powder feeding pressure is 0.7MPa, the powder feeding voltage is 20V, the scanning speed is 1000mm/h, the argon pressure of the protective atmosphere is 0.06MPa, the laser power is 1500W, the powder feeding amount is 7g/min, and the diameter of a light spot is 2mm; the length of the nickel-based alloy pipe section can be adjusted according to the requirement.
The performance of the 316L austenitic stainless steel and Inconel718 nickel-based alloy dissimilar metal pipeline connection joint prepared by the laser three-dimensional forming technology in the embodiment is basically consistent with that of the embodiment 1.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an additive preparation connection method of a dissimilar metal pipeline, which comprises the following steps:
step one, preprocessing nickel-based alloy powder and stainless steel powder, which specifically comprises the following steps: respectively placing nickel-based alloy powder and stainless steel powder into a high-temperature furnace at 120 ℃ for drying for 2 hours;
The nickel-based alloy powder is spherical nickel-based alloy Inconel718 powder, the average grain diameter is less than 20 mu m, and the components of the high-temperature nickel-based alloy Inconel718 are as follows in percentage by weight: 17.0 to 21.0 percent of Cr, 2.8 to 3.3 percent of Mo, 4.75 to 5.5 percent of Nb, 50 to 55 percent of Ni, 0.2 to 0.8 percent of Al, 0.65 to 1.15 percent of Ti, 0.35 percent of Mn, 0.35 percent of Si and the balance of Fe; the stainless steel powder is spherical austenite 316L powder, the average grain diameter is less than 20 mu m, and the stainless steel powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 17.1% of Cr, 13.5% of Ni, 2.3% of Mo, 0.2% of Mn, 0.8% of Si and the balance of Fe;
Step two, performing bicontinuous powder feeding by using automatic laser three-dimensional forming equipment and taking argon as protective gas by adopting a multipath synchronous paraxial powder feeding system to prepare a dissimilar metal pipeline connecting joint; the dissimilar metal pipeline connecting joint comprises a stainless steel pipe section, a composite metal pipe section and a nickel-based alloy pipe section which are sequentially connected; the method for preparing the dissimilar metal pipeline connection joint specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 201, loading the pretreated stainless steel powder and the pretreated nickel-based alloy powder in a multipath synchronous paraxial powder feeding system, so that the pretreated stainless steel powder can be ejected from a first nozzle according to a preset powder feeding amount, the pretreated nickel-based alloy powder can be ejected from a second nozzle according to the preset powder feeding amount, the substrate is preheated, and the first nozzle, the second nozzle and the laser beam are adjusted to be opposite to the substrate; the preheating temperature of the substrate is 1800 ℃, and the preheating time is 2 hours;
step 202, starting a first nozzle, keeping a second nozzle closed, starting powder feeding of the pretreated stainless steel powder, synchronously scanning a laser beam, forming light spots on a substrate to melt sprayed powder, forming deposition until the preset stainless steel powder is deposited, and finishing preparation of the stainless steel pipe section; the outer diameter of the stainless steel pipe section is 45mm, the wall thickness is 9mm, and the length is 300mm; the powder feeding pressure is 0.8MPa, the powder feeding voltage is 22V, the scanning speed is 1200mm/h, the argon pressure of the protective atmosphere is 0.08MPa, the laser power is 1400W, the powder feeding amount is 8g/min, and the diameter of a light spot is 2mm; the length of the stainless steel pipe section can be adjusted according to the requirement;
Step 203, starting a second nozzle, keeping the first nozzle open, feeding the pretreated nickel-base alloy powder and the pretreated stainless steel powder according to a preset powder feeding amount, and performing fused deposition on the powder under synchronous scanning of a laser beam until the nickel-base alloy powder and the stainless steel powder are deposited, thereby completing preparation of the composite metal pipe section; the powder feeding pressure is 0.8MPa, the powder feeding voltage is 22V, the scanning speed is 1200mm/h, the argon pressure of the protective atmosphere is 0.08MPa, the laser power is 1600W, and the diameter of a light spot is 2mm; the powder feeding amount of the stainless steel powder is reduced at a constant speed from 8g/min to 0g/min; the powder feeding amount of the nickel-based alloy powder is increased at a constant speed from 0g/min to 8g/min, and the total powder feeding amount of the stainless steel powder and the nickel-based alloy powder is kept at 8g/min; the outer diameter of the composite metal pipe section is 45mm, the wall thickness is 9mm, and the length is 10mm; the length of the composite metal pipe section can be adjusted according to the requirement;
Step 204, closing the first nozzle, keeping the second nozzle open, continuously feeding the pretreated nickel-base alloy powder, and performing fused deposition on the powder under synchronous scanning of a laser beam until the preset nickel-base alloy powder is deposited, so as to finish the preparation of the dissimilar metal pipeline connecting joint; the nickel-based alloy pipe section obtained by nickel-based alloy powder deposition has the outer diameter of 45mm, the wall thickness of 9mm and the length of 300mm; the powder feeding pressure is 0.8MPa, the powder feeding voltage is 22V, the scanning speed is 1200mm/h, the argon pressure of the protective atmosphere is 0.08MPa, the laser power is 1600W, the powder feeding amount is 8g/min, and the diameter of a light spot is 2mm; the length of the nickel-based alloy pipe section can be adjusted according to the requirement.
The performance of the 316L austenitic stainless steel and Inconel718 nickel-based alloy dissimilar metal pipeline connection joint prepared by the laser three-dimensional forming technology in the embodiment is basically consistent with that of the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a method for preparing a dissimilar metal pipeline connecting joint by argon arc welding by taking 316L austenitic stainless steel and Inconel718 nickel base alloy as main raw materials, which specifically comprises the following steps: removing surface oxide layer and greasy dirt from phi 2.5/PP-TIG316L welding wire with acetone, adopting argon arc priming, arc welding to fill the cover surface, wherein the welding current is 80I/A, the arc voltage is 10V, the welding speed is 8cm/min, and the argon flow is 10ml/min.
Evaluation of Performance
Table 1 shows the mechanical properties of the connection joints of the embodiments, the testing method is based on a GB/T228.1-2021 metal material tensile test and a GB/T229-2020 metal material Charpy pendulum impact test method, and from the test data of Table 1, it can be observed that the mechanical properties of the connection joint of the 316L austenitic stainless steel and the Inel 718 nickel-based alloy dissimilar metal pipeline prepared by the laser three-dimensional forming technology are far better than those of the welding joint of an austenitic stainless steel pipeline and a nickel-based alloy pipeline which are welded by argon arc welding. The 316L austenitic stainless steel and the Inconel718 nickel-based alloy dissimilar metal pipeline connection joint prepared by the laser three-dimensional forming technology has excellent mechanical properties.
TABLE 1 mechanical Properties of dissimilar Metal pipeline Joint
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any simple modification, variation and equivalent structural changes of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The laser three-dimensional forming connection method for the dissimilar metal pipeline is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, preprocessing nickel-based alloy powder and stainless steel powder;
and secondly, carrying out double continuous powder feeding by using an automatic laser three-dimensional forming device and taking argon as protective gas and adopting a multi-path synchronous paraxial powder feeding system to prepare the dissimilar metal pipeline connecting joint.
2. The method for laser stereolithography and joining dissimilar metal tubes according to claim 1, wherein in step one, the pretreatment specifically comprises: and respectively placing the nickel-based alloy powder and the stainless steel powder into a high-temperature furnace at 120 ℃ for drying for 2 hours.
3. The method for laser stereolithography and joining dissimilar metal pipes according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the nickel-based alloy powder is spherical nickel-based alloy Inconel718 powder, the average grain size is <20 μm, and the nickel-based alloy Inconel718 comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 17.0 to 21.0 percent of Cr, 2.8 to 3.3 percent of Mo, 4.75 to 5.5 percent of Nb, 50 to 55 percent of Ni, 0.2 to 0.8 percent of Al, 0.65 to 1.15 percent of Ti, 0.35 percent of Mn, 0.35 percent of Si and the balance of Fe; the stainless steel powder is spherical austenite 316L powder, the average grain diameter is less than 20 mu m, and the stainless steel powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 17.1% of Cr, 13.5% of Ni, 2.3% of Mo, 0.2% of Mn, 0.8% of Si and the balance of Fe.
4. The laser stereolithography connection method for dissimilar metal pipes according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the protective atmosphere argon gas pressure is 0.04MPa; in the second step, the dissimilar metal pipeline connection joint comprises a stainless steel pipe section, a composite metal pipe section and a nickel-based alloy pipe section which are sequentially connected.
5. The laser stereolithography connection method for dissimilar metal pipes according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the method for preparing the dissimilar metal pipe connection joint specifically comprises:
step 201, loading the pretreated stainless steel powder and the pretreated nickel-based alloy powder in a multipath synchronous paraxial powder feeding system, so that the pretreated stainless steel powder can be ejected from a first nozzle according to a preset powder feeding amount, the pretreated nickel-based alloy powder can be ejected from a second nozzle according to the preset powder feeding amount, the substrate is preheated, and the first nozzle, the second nozzle and the laser beam are adjusted to be opposite to the substrate;
Step 202, starting a first nozzle, keeping a second nozzle closed, starting powder feeding of the pretreated stainless steel powder, synchronously scanning a laser beam, forming light spots on a substrate to melt sprayed powder, forming deposition until the preset stainless steel powder is deposited, and finishing preparation of the stainless steel pipe section;
Step 203, starting a second nozzle, keeping the first nozzle open, feeding the pretreated nickel-base alloy powder and the pretreated stainless steel powder according to a preset powder feeding amount, and performing fused deposition on the powder under synchronous scanning of a laser beam until the nickel-base alloy powder and the stainless steel powder are deposited, thereby completing preparation of the composite metal pipe section;
and 204, closing the first nozzle, keeping the second nozzle open, continuously feeding the pretreated nickel-base alloy powder, and performing fused deposition on the powder under synchronous scanning of a laser beam until the preset nickel-base alloy powder is deposited, thereby completing the preparation of the dissimilar metal pipeline connecting joint.
6. The method for laser stereolithography and joining dissimilar metal tubes according to claim 1, wherein in step 201, the substrate preheating temperature is 1600 to 1800 ℃ and the preheating time is 1 to 2 hours.
7. The laser stereolithography connection method for dissimilar metal pipes according to claim 1, wherein in step 202, the stainless steel pipe section has an outer diameter of 9 to 45mm and a wall thickness of 3 to 9mm; in the step 202, the powder feeding pressure is 0.6-0.8 MPa, the powder feeding voltage is 18-22V, the scanning speed is 800-1200 mm/h, the laser power is 1200-1400W, the powder feeding amount is 6-8 g/min, and the light spot diameter is 2mm.
8. The method for connecting a dissimilar metal pipeline by laser three-dimensional forming according to claim 7, wherein in the step 203, the powder feeding pressure is 0.6-0.8 MPa, the powder feeding voltage is 18-22V, the scanning speed is 800-1200 mm/h, the laser power is 1400-1600W, and the light spot diameter is 2mm; in step 203, the powder feeding amount of the stainless steel powder is reduced at a constant speed, the powder feeding amount of the stainless steel pipe section is reduced to 0g/min at a constant speed, the powder feeding amount of the nickel-based alloy powder is increased at a constant speed, and the powder feeding amount of the stainless steel pipe section is increased from 0g/min at a constant speed, wherein the powder feeding amount of the stainless steel pipe section is the same as the powder feeding amount for completing the preparation of the stainless steel pipe section in step 202; in step 203, the outer diameter and wall thickness of the composite metal pipe section are the same as those of the stainless steel pipe section.
9. The method for laser stereolithography and joining dissimilar metal tubing according to claim 8, wherein in step 203, the sum of the amounts of the stainless steel powder and the nickel-based alloy powder is maintained equal to the amount of the stainless steel tube section.
10. The method for laser stereolithography and joining of dissimilar metal tubing of claim 8, wherein in step 204, the nickel-based alloy powder is deposited to have the same outside diameter and wall thickness as the stainless steel tube segment; in the step 204, the powder feeding pressure is 0.6-0.8 MPa, the powder feeding voltage is 18-22V, the scanning speed is 800-1200 mm/h, the laser power is 1400-1600W, the powder feeding amount is the powder feeding amount of the nickel-base alloy powder in the step 203, the powder feeding amount is increased to the maximum value at a constant speed, and the light spot diameter is 2mm.
CN202410694464.0A 2024-05-31 2024-05-31 Laser stereo forming connection method for dissimilar metal pipes Pending CN118635524A (en)

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