CN118756430A - A crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite nonwoven material and its preparation method and application - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of functional nonwoven materials, and in particular to a crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite nonwoven material, which is mainly prepared by the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of high-density polyethylene, 0-5 parts of high-density polypropylene, 30-35 parts of cyclopentane, 40-45 parts of dichloroethane, 1-2 parts of retarder, 1-2 parts of wear-resistant components, and 1-5 parts of anti-cracking agent. Utilizing the properties and synergy between various raw materials, the prepared packaging material has good anti-cracking and wear-resistant effects, and its durability is greatly improved, and the obtained packaging material does not contain substances harmful to the human body, can be repeatedly recycled and reused, is environmentally friendly, and can greatly improve the durability of the packaging material. The present invention also provides a preparation method of the crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite nonwoven material, and the preparation method is simple to operate, and the production process stability and qualified rate are high, which is suitable for large-scale production. The composite nonwoven material prepared at the same time has a wide range of applications and strong practicality.

Description

A crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite nonwoven material and its preparation method and application

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of functional nonwoven materials, and in particular to a crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite nonwoven material and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background Art

With the continuous development of non-woven fabric products, the demand for added value and functionality of non-woven fabrics has gradually become prominent. At present, the main uses of non-woven fabrics can be roughly divided into: medical and sanitary fabrics, home decoration fabrics, clothing fabrics, etc. With the continuous improvement of modern people's living standards, people have higher and higher requirements for protective functional products, especially for the crack resistance and wear resistance of outdoor protective products. At present, such high-performance non-woven materials on the market have many characteristics such as waterproof and breathable, strong and tear-resistant, puncture-resistant, light and weather-resistant, low dust, etc., but the crack resistance and wear resistance cannot meet the needs of users well. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite non-woven material.

Summary of the invention

In view of the technical problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite nonwoven material, which combines the advantages of paper, film and woven fabric, and solves the problem of poor wear resistance and durability of existing outdoor woven products. At the same time, the present invention provides a preparation method thereof.

To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

The present invention provides a crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite nonwoven material, which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

10-15 parts of high-density polyethylene, 0-5 parts of high-density polypropylene, 30-35 parts of cyclopentane, 40-45 parts of ethylene dichloride, 1-2 parts of retarder, 1-2 parts of wear-resistant component, and 1-5 parts of anti-cracking agent.

The present invention provides a crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite nonwoven material. By utilizing the properties and synergistic effects between various raw materials, the prepared packaging material has good crack-resistant and wear-resistant effects, and the durability is greatly improved. The obtained packaging material does not contain any substances harmful to the human body, can be repeatedly recycled and reused, is environmentally friendly, and can greatly improve the durability of the packaging material.

Among them, the ultra-long molecular weight of high-density polyethylene and high-density polypropylene is more conducive to stably obtaining longer and thinner fiber filaments. Adding an appropriate amount of high-density polypropylene can improve the overall strength and heat resistance of the fiber; cyclopentane and dichloromethane both have a good dissolving effect on polyethylene, but the two have different polarities and different solubilities in polyethylene and polypropylene. Mixing them makes it easier to obtain a spinning solution with suitable viscosity; sodium gluconate is used as the main raw material as a retarder to slow down the evaporation rate of the solvent on the surface of the fabric, so that the surface of the fiber bundle remains soft and cottony, which is conducive to the embedding of wear-resistant components into the surface of the fiber bundle in the later stage; one or more mixtures of nano-silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate powder and polytetrafluoroethylene powder are used as wear-resistant components and are embedded in the surface of the fabric to play a wear-resistant role.

Based on the above technical solution, the density of the high-density polyethylene is 0.950-0.960 g/cm ² .

Based on the above technical solution, the density of the high-density polypropylene is 0.900-0.910 g/cm ² .

Based on the above technical solution, the wear-resistant component is a mixture of one or more nano-silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate powder and polytetrafluoroethylene powder.

Based on the above technical solution, the retarder is prepared by the following preparation method:

Sodium gluconate, propylene glycol or glycerol, boric acid and hexagonal boron nitride are mixed in a mass ratio of 5:2:1:1, and then ultrasonic dispersion is used to obtain a retarder.

Among them, sodium gluconate, propylene glycol or glycerol has a good retarding and anti-cracking effect, preventing fiber breakage during hot pressing; boric acid and hexagonal boron nitride can improve the interface compatibility between the wear-resistant component and the fabric, making the fabric surface smoother.

Based on the above technical solution, the anti-cracking agent is prepared by the following preparation method:

The soy protein powder and a 10% sodium hydroxide solution are heated at 60-90° C. for 1-2 hours in a mass ratio of 1:5 and mixed evenly to obtain an anti-cracking agent.

After the soybean protein powder is added to the sodium hydroxide solution and heated and mixed, an adhesive layer can be formed on the surface of the cloth to improve the crack resistance between fibers and the adhesion of fibers to wear-resistant components. At the same time, the preparation method is simple to operate, the prepared anti-cracking agent has good durability, low production and material costs, and no other derivatives or harmful substances and gases are produced in the long term.

The present invention also provides a method for preparing a crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite nonwoven material, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Add high-density polyethylene and high-density polypropylene into a homogenizer in proportion and homogenize at 170-230° C. for 2 hours;

Step 2: transport the material in the homogenizer to a screw extruder, and then add cyclopentane and ethylene dichloride in proportion, and control the temperature to 170-230°C and the pressure to 5-15MPa;

Step 3: The material in step 2 is extruded from a screw extruder through a filter into a stirring kettle filled with carbon dioxide gas, the pressure of the stirring kettle is controlled to be 8-15 MPa, and the flow rate is controlled so that the material is stirred for 2-5 hours before being ejected;

After the carbon dioxide gas enters the stirring tank, as the temperature and pressure increase, the carbon dioxide can reach a supercritical state, that is, the temperature is greater than 31°C and the pressure is greater than 7.3MPa, which improves the solvent's ability to dissolve polyethylene, facilitates the solvent molecules to enter the polyethylene molecular chain in the swollen state, and obtains finer fibers. At the same time, carbon dioxide can also play a flame retardant role, greatly improving the safety of production.

Step 4: Spread the fiber filaments sprayed out in step 3 on the conveyor mesh belt of the web forming machine, spray a retarder and an anti-cracking agent on the fiber filaments, and then spray a wear-resistant component, and then convey them into the drying system through the conveyor mesh belt, and finally heat press to obtain a nonwoven fabric.

More preferably, in the actual production process, multiple layers of cloth can be heat-pressed together to form the desired cloth according to usage requirements.

The present invention also provides a method for preparing a crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite nonwoven material. The preparation method is simple to operate, has high production process stability and qualified rate, and is suitable for large-scale production. The above-mentioned specific polymer materials and additives are mixed, dissolved and sprayed under high temperature and high pressure conditions for processing and manufacturing. The evenly dissolved material passes through a negative pressure spray chamber, so that the sprayed filament material instantly changes phase and expands to disperse into fibers, and then is hot-pressed into cloth. The fiber prepared from high-density polyethylene and high-density polypropylene as the main raw materials has good tensile strength itself, and the fiber surface is soft. The crack resistance and wear resistance of the fiber are enhanced by the adhesion of the anti-cracking agent and the wear-resistant component on the surface. Finally, the anti-cracking and wear-resistant effect of the cloth surface can be further improved by hot pressing.

The present invention also provides an application of a crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite nonwoven material in outdoor protective products or building outer packaging materials. Preferably, the outdoor protective products in this application include outdoor tents, parasols, protective clothing and other products, or the nonwoven material is applied to building outer packaging materials, which has the advantages of crack resistance, wear resistance, waterproof and sun protection, low density, etc.

The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by the present invention are:

1. The present invention provides a crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite non-woven material. By utilizing the properties and synergistic effects of various raw materials, the prepared packaging material has good crack resistance and wear resistance, and its durability is greatly improved. The obtained packaging material does not contain any substances harmful to the human body, can be repeatedly recycled and reused, is environmentally friendly, and can greatly improve the durability of the packaging material.

2. The present invention also provides a method for preparing a crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite nonwoven material, which is simple to operate, has a stable production process, a high qualified rate, and is suitable for large-scale production. The above-mentioned specific polymer materials and additives are mixed, dissolved and sprayed under high temperature and high pressure conditions for processing and manufacturing. The uniformly dissolved material passes through a negative pressure spray chamber, so that the sprayed filament material instantly changes phase and expands to disperse into fibers, and then is hot-pressed into cloth.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 is a process flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention;

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following will combine the contents in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not used to limit the present invention. The term "and/or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, various raw materials in the present invention can be obtained commercially.

Example 1

The present embodiment provides a crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite nonwoven material, which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of high-density polyethylene, 3 parts of high-density polypropylene, 30 parts of cyclopentane, 45 parts of ethylene dichloride, 1 part of retarder, 1 part of anti-cracking agent, and 1 part of wear-resistant component.

This embodiment provides a method for preparing a crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite nonwoven material, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Add 12 parts of high-density polyethylene and 3 parts of high-density polypropylene into a homogenizer and homogenize at 200°C for 2 hours;

Step 2: transport the material in the homogenizer to a screw extruder, and add a solvent into the screw extruder at a ratio of 30 parts of cyclopentane and 45 parts of ethylene dichloride, and control the extruder temperature at 200°C and the pressure at 10 MPa;

Step 3: The material is extruded from a screw extruder through a filter into a stirring kettle filled with carbon dioxide gas, the pressure of the stirring kettle is controlled at 10 MPa, and the material is stirred for 2 hours before being ejected;

Step 4: Spread the fiber filaments sprayed out in step 3 on the conveyor mesh belt of the web forming machine, spray 1 part of retarder and 1 part of anti-cracking agent on the fiber filaments, then spray 1 part of wear-resistant component, and then convey them into the drying system through the conveyor mesh belt, and finally hot press to obtain non-woven fabric.

The preparation method of the retarder is as follows: sodium gluconate, propylene glycol, boric acid and hexagonal boron nitride are mixed in a mass ratio of 5:2:1:1, and then ultrasonic dispersion is used to obtain the retarder; the preparation method of the anti-cracking agent is as follows: soy protein powder and 10% sodium hydroxide solution are heated at 80°C for 2 hours in a mass ratio of 1:5 and mixed evenly to obtain the anti-cracking agent.

Example 2

The present embodiment provides a crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite nonwoven material, which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of high-density polyethylene, 3 parts of high-density polypropylene, 25 parts of cyclopentane, 50 parts of ethylene dichloride, 1 part of retarder, 1 part of anti-cracking agent, and 1 part of wear-resistant component.

This example adopts the same preparation method as in Example 1.

Example 3

The present embodiment provides a crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite nonwoven material, which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of high-density polyethylene, 3 parts of high-density polypropylene, 35 parts of cyclopentane, 40 parts of ethylene dichloride, 1 part of retarder, 1 part of anti-cracking agent, and 1 part of wear-resistant component.

This example adopts the same preparation method as in Example 1.

Example 4

The present embodiment provides a crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite nonwoven material, which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of high-density polyethylene, 3 parts of high-density polypropylene, 30 parts of cyclopentane, 45 parts of ethylene dichloride, 1 part of retarder, 1 part of anti-cracking agent, and 1 part of wear-resistant component.

This embodiment provides a method for preparing a crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite nonwoven material. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the temperature of the homogenizer in step 1 is 230° C. for homogenization for 4 hours, and the temperature of the screw extruder in step 2 is 230° C.

Example 5

The present embodiment provides a crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite nonwoven material, which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of high-density polyethylene, 3 parts of high-density polypropylene, 30 parts of cyclopentane, 45 parts of ethylene dichloride, 1 part of retarder, 1 part of anti-cracking agent, and 1 part of wear-resistant component.

This embodiment provides a method for preparing a crack-resistant and wear-resistant composite nonwoven material. The difference from Example 1 is that in step one, the temperature of the homogenizer is 230° C. for homogenization for 4 hours, and in step two, the temperature of the screw extruder is 230° C. and the extruder pressure is 15 MPa.

Comparative Example 1

This comparative example provides a nonwoven material, which is different from Example 1 in that the anti-cracking agent is not included in the components.

Comparative Example 2

This comparative example provides a nonwoven material, which is different from Example 1 in that the components do not include a wear-resistant component.

Comparative Example 3

This comparative example provides a nonwoven material, which is different from Example 1 in that the components do not include an anti-cracking agent and a wear-resistant component.

Comparative Example 4

A nonwoven material in this comparative example is different from that in Example 1 in that the components include 9 parts of medium- and high-density polyethylene and 6 parts of high-density polypropylene.

Comparative Example 5

This comparative example provides a nonwoven material, which is different from Example 1 in that in the preparation method, the temperature of the homogenizer in step 1 is 250° C. for homogenization for 4 hours, and the temperature of the screw extruder in step 2 is 250° C.

Comparative Example 6

This comparative example provides a nonwoven material, which is different from Example 1 in that in the preparation method, the temperature of the homogenizer in step 1 is 230° C. for homogenization for 4 hours, and the temperature of the screw extruder in step 2 is 230° C. and the pressure of the screw extruder is 16 MPa.

Experimental results and performance analysis

The test methods of the above embodiments and comparative examples are described as follows: gram weight: measured using GB/T24218.1-2009; tear strength: tested using GB/T 3917.3-2009; abrasion resistance: tested using GB/T 21196.2-2007.

The mechanical properties of the nonwoven materials prepared in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 were tested. The test results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Performance test results of embodiments and comparative examples

Weight g/m2 Fiber width/um Tear strength/N Wear resistance/circle Example 1 60.24 0.5-2.6 63 7000-8000 Example 2 60.42 0.9-4.3 60 7000-8000 Example 3 60.38 0.8-3.2 61 7000-8000 Example 4 60.06 0.3-1.5 66 7000-8000 Example 5 59.88 0.2-1.3 59 7000-8000 Comparative Example 1 56.32 0.5-2.5 35 5000-6000 Comparative Example 2 56.49 0.5-2.8 52 5000-6000 Comparative Example 3 52.38 0.5-2.6 35 4000-5000 Comparative Example 4 76.94 5.7-14.6 48 6000-7000 Comparative Example 5 56.34 0.2-6.8 42 5000-7000 Comparative Example 6 60.02 0.2-1.8 56 7000-8000

Results and performance analysis:

1. Comparative Examples 1-3 show that after adjusting the dosage of cyclopentane and ethylene dichloride, the solubility of the polymer changes, and the fiber width and fiber strength will change. From the results, the ratio of 30 parts of cyclopentane to 45 parts of ethylene dichloride has a better spinning effect.

2. Comparing Example 1 and Example 4, after the temperature is increased, the filament fibers are finer and the tear strength of the obtained fabric is improved.

3. Comparing Example 1, Example 5 and Comparative Example 6, when the discharge pressure is increased by 15 MPa or above, the tear strength performance is significantly reduced.

4. From comparative examples 1-3, the tear strength performance of the fabric is improved by about 48% after using the anti-cracking agent; the wear resistance is improved by about 12% after adding the wear-resistant component.

5. Comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 3, after using the anti-cracking agent and the wear-resistant component at the same time, the tear strength performance of the fabric is improved by about 80%, and the wear resistance is improved by more than 60%.

The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (8)

1. The anti-cracking wear-resistant composite non-woven material is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

10-15 parts of high-density polyethylene, 0-5 parts of high-density polypropylene, 25-35 parts of cyclopentane, 40-50 parts of dichloroethane, 1-2 parts of retarder, 1-2 parts of wear-resistant component and 1-5 parts of anticracking agent.

2. The crack and abrasion resistant composite nonwoven material of claim 1 wherein said high density polyethylene has a density of 0.950 to 0.960g/cm ².

3. The crack and abrasion resistant composite nonwoven material of claim 1 wherein said high density polypropylene has a density of 0.900 to 0.910g/cm ².

4. The anti-crack and wear resistant composite nonwoven material of claim 1 wherein said wear resistant component is one or more of a mixture of nanosilica, calcium carbonate powder and polytetrafluoroethylene powder.

5. The anti-cracking wear-resistant composite nonwoven material according to claim 1, wherein the retarder is prepared by the following preparation method:

Sodium gluconate, propylene glycol or glycerol, boric acid and hexagonal boron nitride are mixed according to the mass ratio of 5:2:1:1, and then dispersing by ultrasonic waves to obtain the retarder.

6. The anti-cracking and wear-resistant composite non-woven material according to claim 1, wherein the anti-cracking agent is prepared by the following preparation method:

mixing soybean protein powder with 10% sodium hydroxide solution according to the mass fraction of 1: and heating at 60-90 deg.c for 1-2 hr to obtain the anticracking agent.

7. A method of making an anti-crack and abrasion-resistant composite nonwoven material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:

Step one, adding high-density polyethylene and high-density polypropylene into a homogenizer according to a proportion, and homogenizing for 2 hours at 170-230 ℃;

Step two, conveying the materials in the homogenizer into a screw extruder, and then proportionally adding cyclopentane and dichloroethane, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 170-230 ℃ and the pressure is controlled to be 5-15MPa;

Thirdly, the materials in the second step are filtered by a screw extruder to a stirring kettle filled with carbon dioxide gas, the pressure of the stirring kettle is controlled to be 8-15MPa, the flow rate is controlled, and the materials are sprayed out after being stirred for 2-5 hours;

And fourthly, spreading the fiber filaments sprayed in the third step on a conveying net belt of a net forming machine, spraying retarder and anticracking agent above the fiber filaments, spraying wear-resistant components, conveying the fiber filaments into a drying system through the conveying net belt, and finally performing hot pressing to obtain the non-woven fabric.

8. Use of an anti-crack and abrasion-resistant composite nonwoven material according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in outdoor protection or in building outer packaging.