CN118955152A - Roasting Technology of Ultrafine Structure Special Graphite in Open Ring Roasting Furnace - Google Patents
Roasting Technology of Ultrafine Structure Special Graphite in Open Ring Roasting Furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN118955152A CN118955152A CN202411030774.9A CN202411030774A CN118955152A CN 118955152 A CN118955152 A CN 118955152A CN 202411030774 A CN202411030774 A CN 202411030774A CN 118955152 A CN118955152 A CN 118955152A
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- roasting
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- flue
- furnace
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B13/00—Furnaces with both stationary charge and progression of heating, e.g. of ring type or of the type in which a segmental kiln moves over a stationary charge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/52—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite
- C04B35/522—Graphite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B13/00—Furnaces with both stationary charge and progression of heating, e.g. of ring type or of the type in which a segmental kiln moves over a stationary charge
- F27B13/06—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of this type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于特种石墨焙烧领域，提供了敞开式环式焙烧炉焙烧超细结构特种石墨的焙烧工艺，包括将石墨坯料装入料箱内；安装火架和烟道架；启动引风机以及点燃燃料；按照焙烧曲线逐步升温，在预热阶段以及升温阶段，间歇改变折流组件的缺口方向，在保温阶段，打开所有的中间挡板；焙烧结束后，取出石墨坯料。本发明通过设置可改变缺口方向的折流组件，在改变折流组件的缺口方向后，烟气的流动路线为之相反，在预热以及高温烧结阶段，交替使用两种折流组件的形态，使烟气的上下游间歇改变，从而可以使火道侧壁的温度分布更均匀，并使火道快速升温，保证了石墨坯料的质量。
The present invention belongs to the field of special graphite roasting, and provides a roasting process for roasting ultrafine structure special graphite in an open ring roasting furnace, including loading graphite blanks into a material box; installing a fire rack and a flue rack; starting an induced draft fan and igniting fuel; gradually heating up according to a roasting curve, intermittently changing the notch direction of a baffle assembly in the preheating stage and the heating stage, and opening all intermediate baffles in the heat preservation stage; after the roasting is completed, taking out the graphite blanks. The present invention sets a baffle assembly that can change the notch direction. After changing the notch direction of the baffle assembly, the flow route of the flue gas is opposite. In the preheating and high-temperature sintering stages, the two baffle assembly forms are used alternately, so that the upstream and downstream of the flue gas are intermittently changed, so that the temperature distribution of the side wall of the fire channel can be more uniform, and the fire channel can be quickly heated up, thereby ensuring the quality of the graphite blanks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of special graphite roasting, and particularly relates to a roasting process for roasting superfine structure special graphite by an open ring type roasting furnace.
Background
Roasting is one of the main heat treatment procedures in the production process of carbon products such as ultra-high power graphite electrodes, and is a process of placing an ultra-high power graphite electrode green body into a roasting furnace according to a certain mode and carrying out heat treatment according to a certain heating rate under the condition of isolating air.
An open ring type roasting furnace is used for roasting superfine structure special graphite. The open ring roasting furnace consists of several furnace chambers (18-90 chambers in general) with the same structure, and each furnace chamber comprises several feed boxes and fire paths. The roasting process is mainly influenced by flow fields in the flame path, temperature field distribution and heat transfer.
A baffling wall is arranged in a flame path structure of the traditional roasting furnace and used for reinforcing a wall body and realizing flow guiding of flue gas flow, and uniformity of flue gas temperature and guiding distribution of gas in the flame path are completely dependent on arrangement of the baffling wall.
However, the flame path structure of the existing open type annular roasting furnace with the baffle wall still has the following defects: the existence of the baffle wall in the flame path prolongs the running distance of the flue gas, and causes overlarge temperature difference between the upstream and downstream of the flue gas flow in the flame path of the furnace chamber in the same roasting stage; the non-uniformity of the temperature distribution directly affects the temperature distribution of the green compact of the baked graphite electrode in the feed box, so that the baked graphite electrode generates larger quality deviation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a roasting process for roasting ultrafine structure special graphite by an open ring type roasting furnace, and aims to solve the technical problem that the quality of a graphite electrode is affected due to uneven temperature distribution in the prior art.
The invention discloses an open ring type roasting furnace, which comprises a furnace chamber, wherein the furnace chamber comprises a plurality of feed boxes, the feed boxes are separated by flame paths, the flame paths are of hollow structures, one ends of the flame paths are respectively provided with a flue gas outlet communicated with the interior of the flame paths, the top of each flame path is respectively provided with two fuel holes and two observation holes communicated with the interior of the flame path, the two fuel holes and the two observation holes are distributed in a staggered manner, the furnace chamber is provided with a main flue, one end of the main flue extends to the outside, one end of the main flue positioned at the outside is provided with a draught fan, and the interior of each flame path is provided with a plurality of baffling components;
The baffle assembly comprises an upper baffle, a lower baffle and a plurality of middle baffles, wherein the lengths of the upper baffle, the lower baffle and the middle baffles are the same, so that the smoke is distributed more uniformly, the upper baffle is rotationally connected in a flame path through an upper rotating shaft, the lower baffle is rotationally connected in the flame path through a lower rotating shaft, the middle baffles are all arranged between the upper baffle and the lower baffle, the sum of the lengths of the upper baffle, the lower baffle and the middle baffles is equal to the height of the inside of the flame path, the middle baffles are all vertically arranged, the upper baffle and the lower baffle are mutually perpendicular, a notch is formed at the end part of the baffle assembly, so that the smoke passes through, and the upper baffles on two adjacent baffle assemblies are mutually perpendicular, so that the smoke flows along a wave shape, and the whole side face of the flame path is heated;
the fire path is characterized in that a lower adjusting mechanism and an upper adjusting mechanism are arranged in each fire path, a plurality of output ends of the lower adjusting mechanism are respectively connected with a plurality of lower rotating shafts on all baffling components in the same fire path, the lower adjusting mechanism is used for driving the lower rotating shafts to rotate by 90 degrees, a plurality of output ends of the upper adjusting mechanism are respectively connected with a plurality of upper rotating shafts on all baffling components in the same fire path, and the upper adjusting mechanism is used for driving the upper rotating shafts to rotate by 90 degrees.
The technical scheme is as follows: the furnace chambers are sequentially connected in parallel, the fire paths in the furnace chambers are communicated, and the total flues of the furnace chambers are communicated.
The technical scheme is as follows: the upper adjusting mechanism comprises a plurality of deflector rods, the deflector rods are respectively and fixedly connected to a plurality of upper rotating shafts, the included angle between each deflector rod and the horizontal plane is preferably 45 degrees, an air cylinder is installed on the furnace chamber, the movable end of the air cylinder is fixedly connected with an adjusting rod, through holes are formed in the side faces of all the deflector rods, the adjusting rod is slidably connected in the through holes, a plurality of limiting columns are fixedly connected to the adjusting rod, limiting sliding grooves matched with the limiting columns are formed in the deflector rods, and the structure of the lower adjusting mechanism is identical with that of the upper adjusting mechanism.
The technical scheme is as follows: the middle baffle is connected to the inside of flame path through middle pivot rotation, and is a plurality of equal fixedly connected with gear in the middle pivot, a plurality of meshing is connected between the gear, the inside of flame path is still installed well adjustment mechanism, well adjustment mechanism's a plurality of output is connected with a plurality of middle pivots on all baffling subassemblies respectively, and well adjustment mechanism is used for driving middle pivot rotation 90, and middle pivot drives middle baffle rotation 90, makes middle baffle level to the flue gas can pass through middle baffle, well adjustment mechanism's structure is the same with last adjustment mechanism's structure.
The technical scheme is as follows: the outside of gear is provided with the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger wraps up all gears in a baffling subassembly, avoids the gear to receive the influence of high temperature, improves the life of gear.
The technical scheme is as follows: the fuel tank is characterized by further comprising two uniform distribution main pipes, wherein the two uniform distribution main pipes are respectively communicated with the two fuel holes, a plurality of uniform distribution branch pipes are communicated with the side surfaces of the uniform distribution main pipes, and the uniform distribution branch pipes are respectively positioned between the adjacent upper baffle plate and the middle baffle plate, between the middle baffle plate and between the middle baffle plate and the lower baffle plate.
The technical scheme is as follows: the fire-fighting furnace is characterized in that two fire frames and a flue frame are arranged on the furnace chamber, the fire frames are communicated with an external fuel supply pipe, a plurality of combustion pipes are communicated on the fire frames, the number of the combustion pipes is the same as that of fire channels, two fire frames are respectively arranged above two fuel holes, one ends of the combustion pipes are communicated with the fuel holes, the flue frame is arranged above a flue gas outlet, a plurality of flue branch pipes are communicated on the flue frame, the flue branch pipes are respectively communicated with the flue gas outlet, one ends of the flue frame are communicated with a main flue, and other observation holes are all closed during roasting.
The roasting process for roasting the superfine structure special graphite by using the open ring type roasting furnace comprises the following steps of:
s01: charging in a material box, and charging graphite blanks in the material box; specifically, firstly, paving coke particles with the thickness of about 20Cm at the bottom of a material box, hanging graphite blanks into the material box, putting about 7 material boxes into one material box according to the different sizes of the graphite blanks, filling gaps with the coke particles, wherein the top of the coke particles exceeds the height of 20Cm of the graphite blanks, and covering finer coke powder with the thickness of about 20-30Cm at the uppermost part so as to ensure the air tightness of the graphite blanks;
s02: the method comprises the steps of installing a fire rack and a flue rack, installing two fire racks on all charged furnace chambers, enabling the input ends of the fire racks to be connected with an external fuel supply pipe, enabling the output ends of the fire racks to be communicated with a plurality of fuel holes, installing the flue rack on the last furnace chamber, enabling the input ends of the flue racks to be communicated with a flue gas outlet, and enabling the output ends of the flue racks to be communicated with a main flue;
S03: starting the induced draft fan and igniting fuel; the induced draft fan draws the air in the main flue and the flame path, and under negative pressure, the flame of the combustion pipe orifice is sucked into the flame path;
S04: gradually heating according to a roasting curve according to process requirements, intermittently changing the notch direction of the baffle assembly in a preheating stage and a heating stage, and opening all intermediate baffles in a heat preservation stage; the roasting temperature rise curve is as follows: at 150-350 ℃, the temperature rising rate is 3.0-4.0 ℃/h, and the holding time is 55h; at 350-450 ℃, the heating rate is 1.5-1.8 ℃/h, and the holding time is 35h; at 450-550 ℃, the heating rate is 1.2-1.4 ℃/h, and the holding time is 85h; at 550-650 ℃, the temperature rising rate is 1.8-2.0 ℃/h, and the holding time is 55h; at 650-750 ℃, the temperature rising rate is 3.5-4.0 ℃/h, and the holding time is 24h; at 750-850 ℃, the temperature rising rate is 4.0-5.0 ℃/h, and the holding time is 24h; at 850-1150 ℃, the temperature rising rate is 6.5-8.5 ℃/h, and the holding time is 30h; at 1150-1250 ℃, the temperature rising rate is 8.0-8.5 ℃/h, and the holding time is 24h; maintaining at 1250 ℃ for 22 hours;
S05: after roasting, taking out the graphite blank; firstly taking out the coke particles and the coke powder in the first furnace, when the graphite blank is leaked, sleeving the graphite blank by using a travelling crane strip steel wire rope loop, pulling up by using a travelling crane, placing the travelling crane strip steel wire rope loop in a semi-finished product area, and waiting for cleaning.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. According to the invention, the flow paths of the flue gas are opposite after the notch direction of the baffle assembly is changed, and the two forms of the baffle assembly are alternately used in the preheating stage and the high-temperature sintering stage, so that the upstream and the downstream of the flue gas are intermittently changed, the temperature distribution of the side wall of the flame path is more uniform, the flame path is rapidly heated, and the quality of graphite blanks is ensured;
2. in the heat preservation stage, the middle adjusting mechanism drives the middle baffle to rotate, so that the middle baffle rotates to be in a horizontal state, and flue gas can pass conveniently, so that the flue gas can be distributed in the whole flame path, the resistance to the flue gas is reduced, the air leakage rate of the system is reduced, the temperature of the flue gas in the flame path is prevented from being reduced, and the consumption of fuel and filler is additionally reduced;
3. According to the invention, the uniform distribution main pipe is arranged, and the plurality of uniform distribution branch pipes are communicated with the uniform distribution main pipe, so that the flue gas is uniformly distributed in the flame path and flows in layers in the flame path, and further, the flame path is uniformly heat-transferred, and the temperature of the flame path is more uniform.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view in cross-section of a furnace chamber of a first form of baffle assembly according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view in cross-section of a furnace chamber of a second embodiment of a baffle assembly of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view in cross section of a furnace chamber of a third embodiment of a baffle assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the installation of the lower adjusting mechanism, the middle adjusting mechanism and the upper adjusting mechanism in the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a part of the upper adjusting mechanism in the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the roasting process of roasting superfine structure special graphite in the invention.
In the accompanying drawings: 1. a furnace chamber; 2. a feed box; 3. a flue frame; 4. a flame holder; 5. a flame path; 6. an observation hole; 7. a fuel hole; 8. a flue gas outlet; 9. uniformly distributing a main pipe; 10. uniformly distributing branch pipes; 11. an intermediate baffle; 12. a middle rotating shaft; 13. a gear; 14. a lower baffle; 15. a lower adjustment mechanism; 16. a medium adjusting mechanism; 17. an upper baffle; 18. an upper adjustment mechanism; 181. a deflector rod; 182. an adjusting rod; 183. a cylinder; 184. a through hole; 185. a limit column; 186. limiting sliding grooves; 19. an upper rotating shaft; 20. and a lower rotating shaft.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Specific implementations of the invention are described in detail below in connection with specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the open ring roasting furnace provided by the invention comprises a furnace chamber 1, wherein the furnace chamber 1 comprises a plurality of feed boxes 2, a plurality of feed boxes 2 are separated by flame paths 5, the flame paths 5 are of a hollow structure, one ends of the flame paths 5 are respectively provided with a flue gas outlet 8 communicated with the interior of the flame paths 5, the top of each flame path 5 is provided with two fuel holes 7 and two observation holes 6 communicated with the interior of the flame path 5, the two fuel holes 7 and the two observation holes 6 are distributed in a staggered manner, a main flue is arranged on the furnace chamber 1, one end of the main flue extends to the outside, one end of the main flue positioned at the outside is provided with an induced draft fan, and the interior of each flame path 5 is provided with a plurality of baffle components;
The baffle assembly comprises an upper baffle 17, a lower baffle 14 and a plurality of middle baffles 11, wherein the upper baffle 17 is rotationally connected to the inside of a flame path 5 through an upper rotating shaft 19, the lower baffle 14 is rotationally connected to the inside of the flame path 5 through a lower rotating shaft 20, the middle baffles 11 are all arranged between the upper baffle 17 and the lower baffle 14, the sum of the lengths of the upper baffle 17, the lower baffle 14 and the middle baffles 11 is equal to the height of the inside of the flame path 5, the middle baffles 11 are all vertically arranged initially, the upper baffle 17 and the lower baffle 14 are mutually perpendicular, so that a notch is formed at the end part of the baffle assembly for flue gas to pass through, and the upper baffles 17 on two adjacent baffle assemblies are mutually perpendicular, so that the flue gas flows along a wave shape so as to heat the whole side surface of the flame path 5;
The fire path 5 is internally provided with a lower adjusting mechanism 15 and an upper adjusting mechanism 18, a plurality of output ends of the lower adjusting mechanism 15 are respectively connected with a plurality of lower rotating shafts 20 on all baffling components in the same fire path 5, the lower adjusting mechanism 15 is used for driving the lower rotating shafts 20 to rotate 90 degrees, a plurality of output ends of the upper adjusting mechanism 18 are respectively connected with a plurality of upper rotating shafts 19 on all baffling components in the same fire path 5, and the upper adjusting mechanism 18 is used for driving the upper rotating shafts 19 to rotate 90 degrees.
As shown in fig. 1, in the open ring roasting furnace provided by the invention, in this embodiment, a plurality of furnace chambers 1 are provided, a plurality of furnace chambers 1 are sequentially connected in parallel, a plurality of flame paths 5 in the furnace chambers 1 are all communicated, and total flues of the furnace chambers 1 are mutually communicated.
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, in the open ring roasting furnace provided by the present invention, in this embodiment, the lengths of the upper baffle 17, the lower baffle 14 and the middle baffle 11 are the same, so that the flue gas distribution is more uniform.
As shown in fig. 5-6, in this embodiment, the upper adjusting mechanism 18 includes a plurality of shift levers 181, the shift levers 181 are respectively and fixedly connected to the plurality of upper rotating shafts 19, preferably, each shift lever 181 has an included angle of 45 ° with a horizontal plane, a cylinder 183 is installed on the furnace chamber 1, a movable end of the cylinder 183 is fixedly connected with an adjusting lever 182, through holes 184 are formed on side surfaces of all the shift levers 181, the adjusting lever 182 is slidably connected in the through holes 184, a plurality of limit posts 185 are fixedly connected to the adjusting lever 182, limit sliding grooves 186 adapted to the limit posts 185 are formed on the shift levers 181, and the structure of the lower adjusting mechanism 15 is the same as that of the upper adjusting mechanism 18.
When there are a plurality of the fire chambers 1, since the fire paths 5 of the same row are communicated with each other, the adjusting rod 182 and the cylinder 183 may share one, and the number of the shift rods 181 is the product of the number of the fire chambers 1 and the number of the upper rotating shafts 19 in one fire path 5, so that all the upper baffles 17 in each row may be controlled using one cylinder 183.
When the angle of the upper baffle 17 is adjusted, the cylinder 183 drives the adjusting rod 182 to move, the adjusting rod 182 drives the shifting rod 181 to rotate through the limit column 185, the shifting rod 181 drives the upper rotating shaft 19 to rotate, and the upper rotating shaft 19 drives the upper baffle 17 to rotate 90 degrees, so that the angle of the upper baffle 17 can be adjusted.
As shown in fig. 2-5, in the open ring roasting furnace provided by the invention, the cross-sectional area of smoke circulation is greatly reduced due to the existence of the baffle wall in the flame path, so that the smoke running resistance is large, a high negative pressure is required to be adopted in actual production operation, the system air leakage rate is increased, the smoke temperature in the flame path is reduced to a certain extent, and the consumption of fuel and filling materials is additionally increased, therefore, in the embodiment, a plurality of intermediate baffles 11 are all rotationally connected in the flame path 5 through the intermediate rotating shaft 12, a plurality of gears 13 are fixedly connected on the intermediate rotating shafts 12, a plurality of gears 13 are in meshed connection, a middle adjusting mechanism 16 is further arranged in the flame path 5, a plurality of output ends of the middle adjusting mechanism 16 are respectively connected with a plurality of intermediate rotating shafts 12 on all baffle assemblies, and the middle adjusting mechanism 16 is used for driving the intermediate rotating shafts 12 to rotate 90 degrees, and the intermediate rotating shafts 12 drive the intermediate baffles 11 to rotate 90 degrees, so that the intermediate baffles 11 are horizontal, and the smoke can pass through the intermediate baffles 11.
In the open ring type roasting furnace provided by the invention, the heat shield is arranged on the outer side of the gear 13, and wraps all the gears 13 in one baffle assembly, so that the gear 13 is prevented from being influenced by high temperature, and the service life of the gear 13 is prolonged.
As shown in fig. 5 to 6, in the open ring roasting furnace provided by the present invention, in this embodiment, the structure of the middle adjusting mechanism 16 is the same as that of the upper adjusting mechanism 18.
As shown in fig. 2-5, in order to uniformly distribute heat, in this embodiment, two distribution manifolds 9 are further provided, where two distribution manifolds 9 are respectively connected to two fuel holes 7, and a plurality of distribution branch pipes 10 are connected to a side surface of the distribution manifold 9, where a plurality of distribution branch pipes 10 are respectively located between an adjacent upper baffle 17 and an adjacent middle baffle 11, between a middle baffle 11 and a middle baffle 11, and between a middle baffle 11 and a lower baffle 14.
The uniformly distributed main pipes 9 uniformly distribute the flue gas in the flame paths 5 and flow in layers in the flame paths 5, so that the flame paths 5 are uniformly heat-transferred, and the temperature of the flame paths 5 is more uniform.
As shown in fig. 1, in the open ring roasting furnace provided by the invention, in this embodiment, two fire frames 4 and a flue frame 3 are respectively arranged on the furnace chamber 1, the fire frames 4 are communicated with an external fuel supply pipe, a plurality of combustion pipes are communicated on the fire frames 4, the number of the combustion pipes is the same as that of the fire channels 5, two fire frames 4 are respectively arranged above two fuel holes 7, one ends of the combustion pipes are communicated with the fuel holes 7, the flue frame 3 is arranged above a flue gas outlet 8, a plurality of flue branch pipes are communicated on the flue frame 3, a plurality of flue branch pipes are respectively communicated with the flue gas outlet 8, one ends of the flue frame 3 are communicated with a total flue, and other observation holes 6 are all closed during roasting.
When the furnace chambers 1 are multiple, each furnace chamber 1 is provided with two fire frames 4, all the furnace chambers 1 are provided with one flue frame 3, the flue frames 3 are communicated with the flue gas outlets 8 on the last furnace chamber 1, and other flue gas outlets 8 are all closed, so that the flue gas can circulate in the main flue, and the utilization rate of the heat of the flue gas is improved.
When the preheating device is used, fuel is sprayed out from a combustion pipe on a flame stand 4 in a preheating stage, the fuel is ignited, an induced draft fan is started, the induced draft fan extracts air in a main flue and a flame path 5, negative pressure is formed in the flame path 5, flame at a mouth of the combustion pipe is sucked into the flame path 5 under the negative pressure, flue gas formed by the flame flows along a notch of a baffling component, as shown in a material box 2, namely, a first form of the baffling component, after the first form of the flue gas runs for a period of time, an upper regulating mechanism 18 and a lower regulating mechanism 15 respectively drive an upper baffle 17 and a lower baffle 14 to rotate 90 degrees, so that the notch direction of the baffling component is changed, as shown in a flue stand 3, the second form of the baffling component is changed, the flow path of flue gas is changed, the flow path of the second form of the flue gas is opposite to the flow path of the flue gas of the first form, and the first form of the flue gas is alternately used in a preheating stage and a high-temperature sintering stage, so that the temperature distribution of the side wall of the flame path 5 is more uniform, the temperature of the flue gas 5 is quickly increased, and the quality of graphite blank is ensured;
In the heat preservation stage, the middle adjusting mechanism 16 drives one middle baffle 11 to rotate, and through a plurality of gears 13, the middle baffle 11 can drive other middle baffles 11 to synchronously rotate, so that the middle baffle 11 rotates by 90 degrees, as shown in fig. 4, the middle baffle is in a third form of a baffle assembly, so that flue gas is convenient to pass, and the flue gas can be distributed in the whole fire channel 5, the resistance of the flue gas is reduced, the system air leakage rate is reduced, the reduction of the temperature of the flue gas in the fire channel is avoided, and the consumption of fuel and filler is additionally reduced.
The roasting process for roasting the superfine structure special graphite by using the open ring type roasting furnace comprises the following steps of:
S01: charging in a material box 2, and charging graphite blanks in the material box 2; specifically, firstly, paving coke particles with the thickness of about 20Cm at the bottom of a material box 2, hanging graphite blanks into the material box 2, putting about 7 pieces of the graphite blanks into one material box 2 according to the different sizes of the graphite blanks, filling gaps with the coke particles, wherein the tops of the coke particles exceed the height of 20Cm of the graphite blanks, and covering finer coke powder with the thickness of about 20-30Cm at the uppermost part so as to ensure the air tightness of the graphite blanks;
S02: the method comprises the steps of installing a flame rack 4 and a flue rack 3, installing two flame racks 4 on all loaded furnace chambers 1, enabling the input ends of the flame racks 4 to be connected with an external fuel supply pipe, enabling the output ends of the flame racks 4 to be communicated with a plurality of fuel holes 7, installing the flue rack 3 on the last furnace chamber 1, enabling the input ends of the flue rack 3 to be communicated with a flue gas outlet 8, and enabling the output ends of the flue rack 3 to be communicated with a main flue;
S03: starting the induced draft fan and igniting fuel; the induced draft fan draws the air in the main flue and the flame path 5, and under negative pressure, the flame of the combustion pipe orifice is sucked into the flame path 5;
S04: gradually heating according to the roasting curve according to the process requirements, intermittently changing the notch direction of the baffle assembly in a preheating stage and a heating stage, and opening all intermediate baffles 11 in a heat preservation stage; the roasting temperature rise curve is as follows: at 150-350 ℃, the temperature rising rate is 3.0-4.0 ℃/h, and the holding time is 55h; at 350-450 ℃, the heating rate is 1.5-1.8 ℃/h, and the holding time is 35h; at 450-550 ℃, the heating rate is 1.2-1.4 ℃/h, and the holding time is 85h; at 550-650 ℃, the temperature rising rate is 1.8-2.0 ℃/h, and the holding time is 55h; at 650-750 ℃, the temperature rising rate is 3.5-4.0 ℃/h, and the holding time is 24h; at 750-850 ℃, the temperature rising rate is 4.0-5.0 ℃/h, and the holding time is 24h; at 850-1150 ℃, the temperature rising rate is 6.5-8.5 ℃/h, and the holding time is 30h; at 1150-1250 ℃, the temperature rising rate is 8.0-8.5 ℃/h, and the holding time is 24h; maintaining at 1250 ℃ for 22 hours;
S05: after roasting, taking out the graphite blank; firstly taking out the coke particles and the coke powder in the first furnace, when the graphite blank is leaked, sleeving the graphite blank by using a travelling crane strip steel wire rope loop, pulling up by using a travelling crane, placing the travelling crane strip steel wire rope loop in a semi-finished product area, and waiting for cleaning.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202411030774.9A CN118955152A (en) | 2024-07-30 | 2024-07-30 | Roasting Technology of Ultrafine Structure Special Graphite in Open Ring Roasting Furnace |
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| CN202411030774.9A CN118955152A (en) | 2024-07-30 | 2024-07-30 | Roasting Technology of Ultrafine Structure Special Graphite in Open Ring Roasting Furnace |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN120351745A (en) * | 2025-05-20 | 2025-07-22 | 山西三晋碳素股份有限公司 | Graphite electrode ring type roasting furnace |
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- 2024-07-30 CN CN202411030774.9A patent/CN118955152A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN120351745A (en) * | 2025-05-20 | 2025-07-22 | 山西三晋碳素股份有限公司 | Graphite electrode ring type roasting furnace |
| CN120351745B (en) * | 2025-05-20 | 2026-02-27 | 山西三晋碳素股份有限公司 | Graphite electrode ring type roasting furnace |
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