CN119327079A - A lithium-ion battery composite fire extinguishing agent and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A lithium-ion battery composite fire extinguishing agent and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN119327079A CN119327079A CN202411703047.4A CN202411703047A CN119327079A CN 119327079 A CN119327079 A CN 119327079A CN 202411703047 A CN202411703047 A CN 202411703047A CN 119327079 A CN119327079 A CN 119327079A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0028—Liquid extinguishing substances
- A62D1/005—Dispersions; Emulsions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种锂离子电池复配型灭火剂及其制备方法和应用，属于锂离子电池灭火剂技术领域。该灭火剂包括如下重量份的原料：全氟己酮10～50份、六氟丙烯三聚体20～80份和防腐剂1～3份。有益效果：本发明的复配型灭火剂具有高效灭火能力、优异的降温效率、良好的防腐性能、稳定性和广泛的适用性等多项有益效果，在灭火过程中，碳氟有机溶剂能够快速蒸发，吸收大量热量，显著降低火源温度，从而进一步抑制火势的蔓延。通过调控不同溶剂的配比，可以精确控制降温效率，以适应不同场合的灭火需求，为灭火技术的发展和应用提供了有力的支持。
The present invention discloses a lithium-ion battery composite fire extinguishing agent and its preparation method and application, belonging to the technical field of lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing agents. The fire extinguishing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 to 50 parts of perfluorohexanone, 20 to 80 parts of hexafluoropropylene trimer and 1 to 3 parts of preservative. Beneficial effects: The composite fire extinguishing agent of the present invention has multiple beneficial effects such as high-efficiency fire extinguishing ability, excellent cooling efficiency, good anti-corrosion performance, stability and wide applicability. During the fire extinguishing process, the carbon-fluorine organic solvent can evaporate quickly, absorb a large amount of heat, and significantly reduce the temperature of the fire source, thereby further suppressing the spread of the fire. By adjusting the ratio of different solvents, the cooling efficiency can be accurately controlled to meet the fire extinguishing needs of different occasions, providing strong support for the development and application of fire extinguishing technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion battery fire extinguishing agents, and particularly relates to a lithium ion battery compound fire extinguishing agent, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With rapid development of technology, lithium ion batteries are widely applied to electronic products such as electric automobiles, smart phones, notebook computers and the like as core components in the field of new energy. However, the high energy density and specific chemical nature of lithium ion batteries make them somewhat safe during use, especially at risk of fire. In recent years, fire accidents of lithium ion batteries frequently occur, and serious threats are brought to life and property safety of people. Traditional fire extinguishing agents have limited effectiveness in dealing with lithium ion battery fires and may even have more serious consequences. Therefore, the development of a novel fire extinguishing agent for lithium ion batteries is a current urgent problem to be solved.
Fluorocarbon organic solvents are colorless, transparent, odorless, nontoxic, and thermally stable liquids that exhibit significant performance advantages in a variety of fields. The fluorocarbon organic solvent has the advantage of excellent chemical stability and incombustibility as the fire extinguishing agent for the lithium ion battery. In lithium ion battery fire, fluorocarbon organic solvent can rapidly reduce the temperature of fire source, inhibit flame propagation, and simultaneously can avoid generating new fire source in the fire extinguishing process due to the incombustible characteristic. In addition, the fluorocarbon organic solvent has good heat conductivity and material compatibility, can effectively prevent further damage of fire to the battery and peripheral equipment in the fire extinguishing process, and provides powerful guarantee for safe use of the lithium ion battery.
However, fluorocarbon organic solvents release a certain amount of free fluoride ions during long-term storage and release, and combine with moisture in the air to form acidic substances, thereby causing corrosion phenomena to equipment. In addition, the single fluorocarbon organic solvent component has low fire extinguishing efficiency, difficult control of cost and poor stability due to different physical parameters such as boiling point, vaporization heat and the like.
The Chinese patent application document with the publication number of CN117771603A discloses a compound lithium ion battery fire extinguishing agent, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the fire extinguishing agent comprises, by weight, 14-35 parts of vermiculite, 4-8 parts of pentaerythritol, 5-10 parts of chlorinated paraffin, 5-10 parts of antimony trioxide, 1-5 parts of hydrocarbon surfactant, 31-40 parts of water, 1-9 parts of silicone oil and 0.5-3 parts of foaming agent. The compound lithium ion battery fire extinguishing agent achieves the purposes of simple, effective and efficient fire extinguishment of an open space lithium battery fire through the synergistic effect of vermiculite, chlorinated paraffin, antimony trioxide and pentaerythritol, and is thorough in fire extinguishment and difficult to re-burn. However, the fire extinguishing efficiency of the fire extinguishing agent prepared by the patent is still not high, and thus the improvement is still needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of improving the fire extinguishing efficiency of the fire extinguishing agent.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical means:
The first aspect of the invention provides a lithium ion battery compound fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-50 parts of perfluoro-hexanone, 20-80 parts of hexafluoropropylene trimer and 1-3 parts of preservative.
Preferably, the preservative is one or more of nano-particle hydroxyapatite, zinc oxide nano-particles, titanium dioxide nano-particles and calcium silicate nano-particles.
Preferably, the anti-corrosion agent comprises, by weight, 30-50 parts of perfluoro-hexanone, 28-78 parts of hexafluoropropylene trimer and 1-3 parts of a preservative.
Preferably, the raw materials further comprise 10-40 parts of 2-bromotrifluoropropene.
Preferably, the material comprises 20 parts of 2-bromotrifluoropropene, 30 parts of perfluoro-hexanone, 48 parts of hexafluoropropylene trimer and 2 parts of preservative.
Preferably, the material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, 30 parts of 2-bromotrifluoropropene, 40 parts of perfluoro-hexanone, 28 parts of hexafluoropropylene trimer and 2 parts of preservative.
The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of the lithium ion battery compound fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following steps of fully mixing the raw materials in parts by weight.
Preferably, the preparation method comprises the steps of stirring 10-40 parts of 2-bromotrifluoropropene, 10-50 parts of perfluoro hexanone and 20-80 parts of hexafluoropropylene trimer at room temperature (about 25 ℃) for 10-20min to obtain a mixed solution, adding 1-3 parts of hydroxyapatite, and continuing stirring for 10-20min to obtain the composite material.
The third aspect of the invention provides application of the lithium ion battery compound fire extinguishing agent in the field of safe and efficient fire extinguishment of lithium ion batteries.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, fluorocarbon organic solvents (perfluoro hexanone and hexafluoropropylene trimer) with different boiling points are carefully selected, and trace amounts of anti-corrosion additives are added, so that the compound fire extinguishing agent can cover a wider fire source temperature range, and the fire extinguishing efficiency is improved. The fluorocarbon organic solvents with different boiling points provided by the invention have synergistic effect, so that the fire extinguishing capability of the fire extinguishing agent is improved, and the fire extinguishing is more rapid and thorough.
2. The temperature reduction efficiency is excellent, and in the fire extinguishing process, the fluorocarbon organic solvent can be rapidly evaporated to absorb a large amount of heat, so that the temperature of a fire source is obviously reduced, and the spread of fire is further inhibited. The cooling efficiency can be accurately controlled by regulating and controlling the proportion of different solvents so as to adapt to the fire extinguishing demands of different occasions.
3. The antiseptic property of the fire extinguishing agent can be obviously improved and the service life of the fire extinguishing agent can be prolonged by adding a trace amount of antiseptic additive (such as nano-particle hydroxyapatite). For example, the nano-particle hydroxyapatite has excellent antibacterial and antiseptic properties, and can effectively prevent the fire extinguishing agent from being corroded and polluted by microorganisms in the storage and use processes.
4. Stability by carefully blending the proportions of different solvents and adding the preservative additives, the compound fire extinguishing agent has excellent stability and can keep good performance under different environmental conditions. This enables the fire extinguishing agent to exert a stable and reliable fire extinguishing effect in various complicated fire extinguishing scenes.
5. The compound fire extinguishing agent has wide applicability, and can be suitable for different types of fires and fire extinguishing scenes due to different boiling points, fire extinguishing efficiency and cooling efficiency. Whether in families, industries or special fields (such as electronic equipment, aerospace and the like), the fire extinguishing agent can find a proper fire extinguishing agent ratio so as to meet different fire extinguishing requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the experimental arrangement of performance test of the fire extinguishing agent of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the test results of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the test results of comparative example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The test materials, reagents and the like used in the examples described below are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Those of skill in the art, without any particular mention of the techniques or conditions, may follow the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or follow the product specifications.
Example 1:
A lithium ion battery compound fire extinguishing agent comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 20 parts of 2-bromotrifluoropropene, 30 parts of perfluoro-hexanone, 48 parts of hexafluoropropylene trimer and 2 parts of hydroxyapatite.
The preparation method of the fire extinguishing agent comprises the following steps of stirring 2-bromotrifluoropropene, perfluoro hexanone and hexafluoropropylene trimer according to the raw materials in parts by weight for 15min at room temperature, fully mixing to obtain a mixed solution, adding 2 parts of hydroxyapatite, and continuously stirring for 15min to obtain the fire extinguishing agent.
The fire extinguishing agent prepared in example 1 was subjected to performance testing, and the specific experimental procedure was:
The lithium ion battery fire extinguishing and cooling test scene is a battery cabinet in a 40-ruler standard container, and the specification of a single battery is that of a lithium ion battery (5220 g, the width 173.6mm, the thickness 72mm and the height 200 mm). The battery box is 600 multiplied by 43mm multiplied by 240mm, the battery cluster size is 2800mm multiplied by 1100mm multiplied by 600mm, the power of the heating plate is 1000W, the size error is allowed to be +/-10%, and 1 battery cell is placed in the battery box.
1 Battery box is selected and installed in the cluster, and the arrangement mode is shown in fig. 1. The fire extinguishing agent bottle group is placed in an environment of 20+/-3 ℃ for 16 hours, the consumption is calculated according to a test space and engineering application design concentration of 1.5kg/m 3 at +20 ℃,20 kg of novel fire extinguishing agent is filled, the filling pressure is 1.6MPa, and meanwhile equipment such as a fire extinguishing device pipeline, a fire water pipeline and the like are installed in a test site.
A transparent explosion-proof flame-retardant glass window is arranged on the top surface of the battery box and is used for observing smoke and fire conditions when the batteries in the battery box are heated. 2 explosion-proof valves are arranged on the side face, the battery box is automatically opened when the pressure is too high, the battery box is automatically closed when the pressure is normal, and the opening pressure is 15Kpa. The front of the battery box is provided with a spray head, and the fire extinguishing agent can be directly sprayed onto the heating battery through the spray head when the spraying is started, so that the fire extinguishing and the temperature reduction are carried out on the battery.
The test results are shown in table 1 and fig. 2. As can be seen from fig. 2, example 1 has high extinguishing efficiency for lithium ion battery fires and has the ability to suppress afterburning.
Example 2:
this example differs from example 1 in that it comprises, by weight, 10 parts of 2-bromotrifluoropropene, 10 parts of perfluorohexanone, 78 parts of hexafluoropropylene trimer and 2 parts of hydroxyapatite. Otherwise, the same as in example 1 was conducted.
Example 3:
This example differs from example 1 in that it comprises, by weight, 30 parts of 2-bromotrifluoropropene, 40 parts of perfluorohexanone, 28 parts of hexafluoropropylene trimer and 2 parts of hydroxyapatite. Otherwise, the same as in example 1 was conducted.
Example 4:
This example differs from example 1 in that it comprises 50 parts by weight of perfluoro hexanone, 48 parts by weight of hexafluoropropylene trimer and 2 parts by weight of hydroxyapatite. Otherwise, the same as in example 1 was conducted. (absence of 2-Bronstrifluoropropene)
Comparative example 1:
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that it comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 20 parts of 2-bromotrifluoropropene, 78 parts of hexafluoropropylene trimer and 2 parts of hydroxyapatite. Otherwise, the same as in example 1 was conducted. (absence of perfluorohexanone)
Comparative example 2:
The comparative example is different from example 1 in that it comprises 40 parts by weight of 2-bromotrifluoropropene, 58 parts by weight of perfluoro hexanone and 2 parts by weight of hydroxyapatite. Otherwise, the same as in example 1 was conducted. (lack of hexafluoropropylene trimer)
Comparative example 3:
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that 2-bromotrifluoropropene was replaced with "heptafluoropropane", otherwise identical to example 1.
Comparative example 4:
this comparative example differs from example 1 in that hexafluoropropylene trimer was replaced with "hexafluoropropylene dimer", otherwise identical to example 1.
The fire extinguishing agents prepared in examples 2 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were subjected to performance test, and the specific procedure was the same as in example 1.
The test results are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 formulation of fire extinguishing agent of examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-4 and application parameters of fire extinguishing agent prepared under corresponding conditions
As shown in fig. 3, the test result of comparative example 2 shows that, although the fire extinguishing efficiency of comparative example 2 against lithium ion battery fire is higher, the battery can be reburnt due to the capability of fast vaporization of 2-bromotrifluoropropene and perfluorinated hexanone components with lower boiling points and no residual continuous cooling.
The graphs of the test results of examples 2-4 are similar to example 1, and the graphs of the test results of comparative example 1, comparative examples 3-4 are similar to comparative example 2.
Analysis of the cause of the different effects of the examples and comparative examples:
the boiling point of 2-bromotrifluoropropene and the boiling point of perfluoro-hexanone are relatively low, heat can be quickly vaporized and taken away after release, the effect of quick fire extinguishment is achieved, the boiling point of hexafluoropropylene trimer is relatively high, the vaporization speed is relatively low after release, the temperature can be continuously reduced, and the re-combustion can be effectively inhibited. The fire extinguishing agent is changed into other components, has poor effect and can be reburning after fire extinguishment.
The foregoing embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, but not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalents may be substituted for parts of the technical features thereof, and that such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention in essence.
Claims (10)
1. The lithium ion battery compound fire extinguishing agent is characterized by comprising, by weight, 10-50 parts of perfluoro-hexanone, 20-80 parts of hexafluoropropylene trimer and 1-3 parts of preservative.
2. The lithium ion battery compound fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, wherein the preservative is one or more of nano-particle hydroxyapatite, zinc oxide nano-particles, titanium dioxide nano-particles, and calcium silicate nano-particles.
3. The lithium ion battery compound fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising, by weight, 30-50 parts of perfluoro-hexanone, 28-78 parts of hexafluoropropylene trimer and 1-3 parts of preservative.
4. The lithium ion battery compound fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials, by weight, 50 parts of perfluoro-hexanone, 48 parts of hexafluoropropylene trimer and 2 parts of preservative.
5. The lithium ion battery compound fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, wherein the raw materials further comprise 10-40 parts of 2-bromotrifluoropropene.
6. The lithium ion battery compound fire extinguishing agent according to claim 5, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials, by weight, 20 parts of 2-bromotrifluoropropene, 30 parts of perfluoro hexanone, 48 parts of hexafluoropropylene trimer and 2 parts of preservative.
7. The lithium ion battery compound fire extinguishing agent according to claim 5, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials, by weight, 30 parts of 2-bromotrifluoropropene, 40 parts of perfluoro hexanone, 28 parts of hexafluoropropylene trimer and 2 parts of preservative.
8. The method for preparing the lithium ion battery compound fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of fully mixing the raw materials in parts by weight.
9. The preparation method of the composite material is characterized by comprising the steps of stirring 10-40 parts of 2-bromotrifluoropropene, 10-50 parts of perfluoro hexanone and 20-80 parts of hexafluoropropylene trimer at room temperature for 10-20min to obtain a mixed solution, adding 1-3 parts of hydroxyapatite, and continuing stirring for 10-20min to obtain the composite material.
10. The use of the lithium ion battery compound fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1-7 in the field of safe and efficient fire extinguishment of lithium ion batteries.
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| CN116459484A (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-07-21 | 广西电网有限责任公司防城港供电局 | A fire extinguishing agent composition, a preparation method of the fire extinguishing composition and a fire extinguishing device |
| CN118105662A (en) * | 2024-02-26 | 2024-05-31 | 武汉三氟新材料科技有限公司 | A lithium ion battery fire extinguishing agent and its preparation method and application |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116459484A (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-07-21 | 广西电网有限责任公司防城港供电局 | A fire extinguishing agent composition, a preparation method of the fire extinguishing composition and a fire extinguishing device |
| CN118105662A (en) * | 2024-02-26 | 2024-05-31 | 武汉三氟新材料科技有限公司 | A lithium ion battery fire extinguishing agent and its preparation method and application |
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