CN119972748A - A system and method for anaerobic pyrolysis and upgrading of domestic waste coupled with cement kiln - Google Patents
A system and method for anaerobic pyrolysis and upgrading of domestic waste coupled with cement kiln Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种生活垃圾无氧热解提质耦合水泥窑炉的系统及方法，属于水泥生产替代燃料技术领域；所述系统包括垃圾干化热解系统、水泥窑炉系统和旁路放风系统；垃圾热解系统主要用于产出垃圾减量化处理后的高品质含高氯的垃圾炭，产生的垃圾炭具备灵活运行模式，可储存至储煤仓，也可以直接输送至回转窑中。其中干化炉负责对垃圾进行预干燥处理，去除水分；热解炉承接干燥后垃圾，执行热解程序；水泥炉窑系统能够利用垃圾炭生产水泥熟料；旁路放风系统旨在处理回转窑产生的高温含氯烟气，降低分解炉、悬浮预热器等位置的结焦与腐蚀，延长设备使用寿命。本发明可实现对生活垃圾高效资源化提质利用，运行模式灵活，能够实现垃圾的连续处理。
The present invention discloses a system and method for anaerobic pyrolysis and quality improvement of domestic waste coupled with a cement kiln, belonging to the technical field of alternative fuels for cement production; the system includes a waste drying and pyrolysis system, a cement kiln system and a bypass venting system; the waste pyrolysis system is mainly used to produce high-quality high-chlorine garbage charcoal after waste reduction treatment, and the generated garbage charcoal has a flexible operation mode, which can be stored in a coal storage bin or directly transported to a rotary kiln. The drying furnace is responsible for pre-drying the garbage to remove moisture; the pyrolysis furnace receives the dried garbage and performs a pyrolysis procedure; the cement kiln system can use the garbage charcoal to produce cement clinker; the bypass venting system is designed to process the high-temperature chlorine-containing flue gas generated by the rotary kiln, reduce coking and corrosion in locations such as the decomposition furnace and the suspension preheater, and extend the service life of the equipment. The present invention can achieve efficient resource-based quality improvement and utilization of domestic waste, has a flexible operation mode, and can achieve continuous treatment of garbage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cement production alternative fuels, and relates to a system and a method for an oxygen-free pyrolysis upgrading coupling cement kiln for household garbage.
Background
Worldwide, the urgency of climate change and energy crisis is increasingly highlighted, and the cement industry is an important field of energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission, and technical innovation and industrial upgrading are urgently needed. In this context, as a key technological path for reducing pollution and carbon emissions, alternative fuel technology has become particularly important in the cement industry. In particular, cement kiln co-disposal of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) has attracted considerable attention in the industry as a comprehensive solution for waste management and energy recovery.
Currently, the mainstream process method mainly comprises two technical routes, namely sorting and gasification/incineration. However, existing external pre-combustion technology has several limitations. For example, when the grate furnace is used for treating unsorted raw garbage, the burning efficiency is insufficient, so that the burning rate of discharged bottom slag is beyond expectations, and the stepped grate incinerator has limited adaptability to the physical form and heat value change of garbage, and particularly, the stepped grate incinerator is poor in treating wastes such as fine particulate matters, low-melting plastics and the like. Although the hot tray furnace can adapt to wastes with different forms and heat values, the operation technical requirement is higher, and the hot tray furnace is easily influenced by the fluctuation of garbage components, so that the combustion efficiency is possibly reduced, and the pollution control difficulty is possibly increased. In addition, the traditional external hanging precombustion furnace cannot be independently operated during the non-operation period of the cement kiln, and the continuous treatment requirement of the household garbage cannot be met.
In view of the above, development of a cement kiln waste blending and burning technology and system which are efficient, flexible and economical has important practical significance for realizing effective management of waste, improving energy recovery efficiency and reducing environmental pollution. The technology and the system can adapt to the fluctuation of garbage components, ensure the combustion efficiency and pollution control, and simultaneously can independently operate during the non-operation period of the cement kiln to ensure the continuity of household garbage treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system and a method for an anaerobic pyrolysis quality-improving coupling cement kiln for household garbage, which are used for solving the technical problems that the prior art is difficult to adapt to garbage component fluctuation, the combustion efficiency is low and the garbage treatment is discontinuous.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a system for an oxygen-free pyrolysis upgrading coupled cement kiln for household garbage, comprising:
The household garbage in the garbage storage pool sequentially passes through the conveying device, the drying furnace and the pyrolysis furnace through the feeding machine to generate garbage carbon, and an outlet of the pyrolysis furnace is respectively connected with the coal storage bin and the cement kiln system;
The cement kiln system comprises a conveyor, a suspension preheater, a decomposing furnace, a smoke chamber and a rotary kiln which are sequentially connected, wherein the rotary kiln is respectively connected with outlets of a grate cooler and a pyrolysis furnace;
The bypass air discharging system comprises a cooling fan, a quenching air mixing chamber, a second dust remover, a second induced draft fan and a chimney which are sequentially connected through pipelines, and the cooling fan is connected with the smoke chamber.
The garbage drying pyrolysis system further comprises a hot blast stove, wherein an inlet and an outlet of the hot blast stove are connected to the pyrolysis furnace, pyrolysis oil gas in the pyrolysis furnace is combusted in the hot blast stove, and high-temperature flue gas is generated and introduced into the pyrolysis furnace.
Further, the garbage drying pyrolysis system further comprises a waste heat boiler, and the waste heat boiler is respectively connected with the drying furnace and the pyrolysis furnace.
Further, the suspension preheater is also sequentially connected with a first induced draft fan and a first dust remover, and the first dust remover is connected to the drying furnace.
Further, the garbage pool is also directly connected to the rotary kiln through a pipeline, and percolate in the garbage pool can participate in combustion in the rotary kiln.
Further, the cement kiln system also comprises a tertiary air pipe, wherein one end of the tertiary air pipe is connected with the grate cooler, and the other end of the tertiary air pipe is connected with the smoke chamber.
Further, an air cooler is arranged between the quenching air mixing chamber and the second dust remover.
Further, a first safety valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the smoke chamber and the cooling fan, and a second safety valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the second dust remover and the second induced fan.
Further, the second dust remover is a bag type dust remover, and the feeding machine is a plate type feeding machine.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for a household garbage anaerobic pyrolysis quality-improving coupled cement kiln, which is based on the system of the household garbage anaerobic pyrolysis quality-improving coupled cement kiln, and comprises the following steps:
The household garbage in the garbage storage pool is conveyed to a drying furnace for pre-drying treatment to remove water, and then oxygen-free pyrolysis is carried out by a pyrolysis furnace at the temperature of 400-500 ℃ to generate high-chlorine garbage carbon, and the garbage carbon enters a rotary kiln or is stored in a coal storage bin;
The cement raw material enters a rotary kiln after passing through a suspension preheater, a decomposing furnace and a smoke chamber, and is combusted with garbage carbon at the temperature of 1300-1500 ℃ to obtain cement clinker;
The flue gas in the flue gas chamber flows into a bypass air discharge system, cold air is doped into the quenching air mixing chamber 20 through a cooling fan, harmful components in the gas generate chlorine-type crystals through a second dust remover, and finally the chlorine-type crystals are discharged to a chimney through a second induced draft fan.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a system and a method for a household garbage anaerobic pyrolysis quality-improving coupling cement kiln, wherein a front-end garbage drying pyrolysis system can be independently operated or cooperatively operated with a rear-end cement kiln system to ensure the continuity of the treatment of the household garbage in a non-operation period of the cement kiln, so that the problem of interruption of the treatment of the garbage in the peak-staggering and production-stopping period of the cement kiln is effectively solved. In addition, the drying furnace realizes the heat energy supply to garbage by recycling and utilizing low-temperature flue gas discharged by the suspension preheater, pyrolysis oil gas generated in the anaerobic pyrolysis process is conveyed into the hot blast stove for combustion in the pyrolysis furnace, and the generated high-temperature flue gas provides heat energy for the pyrolysis furnace, so that the energy utilization efficiency of the whole system is remarkably improved, and the flexibility and the stability are strong.
Furthermore, the invention can clean and efficiently treat garbage, and greatly reduce the emission of dioxin. The pretreatment system of the garbage belongs to anaerobic pyrolysis, which not only eliminates oxidation reaction, but also reduces the generation of dioxin precursor. Firstly, heavy metals copper and iron in the garbage are not subjected to high-temperature oxidation, so that the heavy metals copper and iron are not easy to become a catalyst for promoting the generation of dioxin, and the generation of dioxin is reduced from the source. Secondly, the garbage carbon is input from the kiln head of the rotary kiln for combustion, and the high-temperature alkaline environment in the rotary kiln can inhibit the generation of dioxin, so that the double control of dioxin emission is realized. And finally, rapidly cooling high-chlorine flue gas in the bypass ventilation system, reducing the temperature range in which the high-chlorine flue gas is easy to generate dioxin, blocking the re-synthesis path of the dioxin, and reducing the final emission of the dioxin.
Furthermore, the invention has high fuel substitution rate and small influence on clinker quality, has strong adaptability to various form and size and high and low heat value household garbage, can treat various wastes, improves the combustion property of the garbage after the garbage is dried and pyrolyzed, and simultaneously realizes the reduction treatment of the garbage. The invention increases the bypass ventilation facilities to remove harmful elements such as chlor-sulfur enriched in the garbage carbon, and ensures the environmental safety of clinker production while improving the combustion efficiency.
Drawings
For a clearer description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system structure of a household garbage anaerobic pyrolysis quality-improving coupled cement kiln.
The device comprises a 1-garbage storage pool, a 2-feeder, a 3-conveying device, a 4-drying furnace, a 5-waste heat boiler, a 6-pyrolysis furnace, a 7-hot blast stove, an 8-coal storage bin, a 9-grate cooler, a 10-tertiary air pipe, an 11-rotary kiln, a 12-first dust remover, a 13-conveyor, a 14-first induced draft fan, a 15-suspension preheater, a 16-decomposing furnace, a 17-smoke chamber, an 18-first safety valve, a 19-cooling fan, a 20-quenching air mixing chamber, a 21-air cooler, a 22-second dust remover, a 23-second safety valve, a 24-second induced draft fan and a 25-chimney.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on the azimuth or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the azimuth or the positional relationship in which the inventive product is conventionally put in use, it is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the term "horizontal" if present does not mean that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal, but may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or communicating between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention discloses a system of a household garbage anaerobic pyrolysis quality-improving coupling cement kiln, which comprises a garbage drying pyrolysis system, a cement kiln system and a bypass air discharge system, wherein the garbage drying pyrolysis system comprises a garbage storage pool 1, a feeder 2, a conveying device 3, a drying furnace 4, a pyrolysis furnace 6 and a coal storage bin 8, the feeder 2 is preferably but not limited to a plate type feeder, household garbage in the garbage storage pool 1 sequentially passes through the feeder 2 through the conveying device 3, the drying furnace 4 and the pyrolysis furnace 6 to generate garbage carbon, an outlet of the pyrolysis furnace 6 is respectively connected with the coal storage bin 8 and the cement kiln system, the cement kiln system comprises a conveyor 13, a suspension preheater 15, a decomposing furnace 16, a smoke chamber 17 and a rotary kiln 11 which are sequentially connected, the rotary kiln 11 is respectively connected with an outlet of the grate cooler 9 and the pyrolysis furnace 6, the smoke chamber 17 is connected with the air discharge system, the cooling fan 19, the air mixing chamber 20, a second dust remover 22, a second induced draft fan 24 and a chimney 25 which are sequentially connected through pipelines, and the cooling fan 19 is preferably but not limited to the second dust remover bag 22.
In this embodiment, the garbage pyrolysis system is mainly used for producing high-quality high-chlorine garbage carbon after garbage reduction treatment, and the produced garbage carbon has a flexible operation mode, can be stored in the coal storage bin 8, and can also be directly conveyed into the rotary kiln 11. The drying furnace 4 is responsible for pre-drying garbage to remove moisture, the pyrolysis furnace 6 receives the dried garbage and executes a pyrolysis program, the temperature of the pyrolysis furnace 6 is controlled at 400-500 ℃, most of chlorine in the garbage can be effectively ensured to remain in garbage carbon, meanwhile, the occurrence of oxidation reaction is effectively restrained by anaerobic pyrolysis, and the generation of dioxin precursors is obviously reduced. In addition, heavy metals such as copper and iron in the garbage cannot be used as catalysts to promote the formation of dioxin due to the lack of high-temperature oxidation environment, so that the generation of dioxin is reduced at the source. In addition, the garbage is dried by the drying furnace 4, so that H 2O、CO2 in pyrolysis oil gas generated by the pyrolysis furnace 6 is reduced, chlorine is not contained, and the heat value is higher. The rotary kiln 11 in the cement kiln system can clean and utilize the heat of the high-chlorine-content garbage carbon and inhibit the generation of dioxin, the temperature of the rotary kiln 11 is generally 1300-1500 ℃, the rotary kiln is in a high-alkali environment, the generation of dioxin can be basically inhibited, most of chlorine in the rotary kiln 11 is ensured to be in smoke, on the other hand, the high-chlorine-content smoke is directly cooled and dedusted through a bypass ventilation system, does not enter the upper decomposition furnace 16 and the preheater of the cement kiln, and ensures the safety and the service life of the whole system. The bypass air release system aims at treating high-temperature chlorine-containing flue gas generated by the rotary kiln 11, reducing coking and corrosion of the decomposing furnace 16, the suspension preheater 15 and other positions, and prolonging the service life of equipment.
In a possible embodiment of the invention, the garbage drying pyrolysis system further comprises a hot blast stove 7 and a waste heat boiler 5, wherein an inlet and an outlet of the hot blast stove 7 are connected to the pyrolysis furnace 6, pyrolysis oil gas in the pyrolysis furnace 6 is combusted in the hot blast stove 7, and high-temperature flue gas is generated and is introduced into the pyrolysis furnace 6. The waste heat boiler 5 is respectively connected with the drying furnace 4 and the pyrolysis furnace 6. The hot blast stove 7 is responsible for burning pyrolysis oil gas generated by the pyrolysis furnace, can provide high-quality high-temperature flue gas for system heat supply, and redundant high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the waste heat boiler 5 for utilization.
In a possible embodiment of the invention, the suspension preheater 15 is also connected with a first induced draft fan 14 and a first dust remover 12 in sequence, and the first dust remover 12 is connected to the drying furnace 4. The rotary kiln 11 can clean and utilize the heat of the high-chlorine-content garbage carbon and inhibit the generation of dioxin, and the low-temperature flue gas at the uppermost outlet of the suspension preheater 15 can be used for drying garbage in a drying furnace.
In a possible embodiment of the invention, the waste reservoir 1 is also connected directly to the rotary kiln 11 by means of a pipe, and the percolate in the waste reservoir 1 is fed into the rotary kiln 11 for combustion cleaning.
In a possible embodiment of the invention, the cement kiln system further comprises a tertiary air pipe 10, wherein one end of the tertiary air pipe 10 is connected with the grate cooler 9, and the other end of the tertiary air pipe is connected with the smoke chamber 17. The flue gas cooled by the grate cooler 9 enters the tertiary air pipe 10 and returns to the flue chamber 17 to supply oxygen for combustion in the decomposing furnace 16.
In a possible embodiment of the invention, an air cooler 21 is also arranged between the quench air mixing chamber 20 and the second dust separator 22. A first safety valve 18 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the smoke chamber 17 and the cooling fan 19, and a second safety valve 23 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the second dust remover 22 and the second induced draft fan 24. The cooling fan 19 and the rapid air mixing cooling chamber 20 are used for rapidly cooling the high-chlorine flue gas, reducing the temperature range in which the high-chlorine flue gas is easy to generate in the dioxin, blocking the re-synthesis path of the dioxin, and reducing the emission of the dioxin. The second dust collector 22 collects the flue gas containing high chlorine and alkali to generate chlorine-type crystals after cooling down.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for a household garbage anaerobic pyrolysis quality-improving coupling cement kiln, which is based on the system of the household garbage anaerobic pyrolysis quality-improving coupling cement kiln and comprises the following steps:
The household garbage in the garbage storage pool 1 is conveyed to a drying furnace 4 for pre-drying treatment to remove water, and then is subjected to anaerobic pyrolysis at the temperature of 400-500 ℃ through a pyrolysis furnace 6 to generate high-chlorine garbage carbon, and the garbage carbon enters a rotary kiln 11 or is stored in a coal storage bin 8;
The cement raw material enters a rotary kiln 11 after passing through a suspension preheater 15, a decomposing furnace 16 and a smoke chamber 17, and is combusted with garbage carbon at the temperature of 1300-1500 ℃ to obtain cement clinker;
The flue gas in the flue chamber 17 flows into a bypass air discharge system, cold air is doped into a quenching air mixing chamber 20 through a cooling fan 19, harmful components in the gas generate chlorine-type crystals through a second dust remover 22, and finally the chlorine-type crystals are discharged to a chimney 25 through a second induced fan 24.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
Referring to fig. 1, the medium flow direction in the system is from top to bottom, from left to right, and along the medium flow direction, the front-end system mainly comprises a garbage low-temperature drying section and an anaerobic pyrolysis section, a drying dehydration process is added, wherein the drying furnace 4 adopts low-temperature flue gas (280-320 ℃) output by a C1 outlet of a suspension preheater 15 to supply heat, when the pyrolysis furnace 6 carries out anaerobic pyrolysis treatment on garbage, the proportion of H 2O、CO2 in pyrolysis gas is reduced to enable the calorific value of pyrolysis oil gas to be higher, pyrolysis oil gas generated by pyrolysis is combusted in the hot blast furnace 7, and generated high-temperature flue gas carries out heat supply on the pyrolysis furnace 6, wherein the process of carrying out high-temperature heating on the garbage to thermally crack the garbage is avoided, so that the oxidation reaction is stopped, the generation of dioxin precursors is reduced, and the generation of dioxin is fundamentally inhibited. Meanwhile, heavy metals copper and iron in the garbage are not subjected to high-temperature oxidation, so that the catalyst is not easy to become a catalyst for promoting the generation of dioxin, and the generation of dioxin is stopped from the source.
The garbage carbon generated by the pyrolysis furnace 6 is directly input from the kiln head of the rotary kiln 10, so that the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption and pollution in the material conveying process are reduced. Preferably, a coal storage bin 8 is arranged between the pyrolysis furnace 6 and the rotary kiln 10, and the intermediate storage link provides operation flexibility and allows the garbage drying pyrolysis system to independently operate when the cement kiln is in off-peak state. In this way, even if there is an intermission in the cement production process, the waste treatment is not interrupted, the continuity and efficiency of the waste treatment are ensured, and the pyrolysis furnace 6 converts the waste into valuable waste char. The process not only realizes the reduction of garbage, but also ensures the harmless treatment of garbage through a high-temperature pyrolysis technology. And increases the potential for recycling on the basis. And simultaneously improves the energy utilization efficiency and the environmental friendliness.
The pyrolysis generated garbage carbon has higher heat value, the combustion in the rotary kiln 11 directly supplies heat to the cement kiln, the coal saving effect is more obvious, meanwhile, in the rotary kiln 11, HCl can be oxidized to a chlorine source (active chlorine atoms and chlorine gas) at high temperature, alkaline substances such as CaO and the like are contained in cement clinker and can absorb HCl so as to inhibit the generation of PCDF/PCDD, dioxin and precursors thereof can be effectively decomposed by the high-temperature environment in the rotary kiln 11, the flue gas quenching and mixing chamber 20 is rapidly cooled by the cooling fan 19, the resynthesis of dioxin substances can be effectively avoided, and heavy metals in the garbage carbon generated by pyrolysis enter a cement kiln calcination system, are solidified in clinker and finally are solidified in concrete products without precipitation. Percolate in the garbage storage tank 1 can also be sent into the rotary kiln 11 for combustion utilization.
Compared with a conventional bypass ventilation system, the invention is preferably provided with the air cooler 21 for rapidly cooling the flue gas, wherein the temperature of the flue gas after quenching the air-mixing chamber can be reduced to 400 ℃ and then reduced to 150 ℃ through the air cooler, and researches show that the temperature of the gas purification system after combustion is maintained below 200 ℃ to obtain better control effect on dioxin, and the temperature of the flue gas is rapidly reduced to below 150 ℃ through the cooling fan 19 and the quenching air-mixing chamber 20, and the cooled flue gas is further subjected to the second dust remover 22 to generate chlorine crystals by harmful components such as alkali, chlorine and the like in the gas and is collected through the dust collector. The dust-removed gas is discharged after reaching standards or is sent to the inlet of a kiln tail high-temperature fan 24, and is discharged to a chimney 25 after being purified with the flue gas of a kiln tail system.
Embodiment one:
On a cement production line with a clinker yield of 6000t/d and a garbage treatment capacity of 300t/d, the system and the method are preferably applied, the drying furnace 4 is designed to receive wet garbage and carry out drying and dehydration treatment, the operation temperature is controlled at 150-200 ℃ to remove about 30% of water in the garbage, and the pyrolysis furnace 6 is designed to receive the dried garbage and carry out anaerobic pyrolysis treatment. The operation temperature of the pyrolysis furnace 6 is set at 400-500 ℃ to ensure that garbage can be effectively pyrolyzed in an anoxic environment, in the pyrolysis process, the expected garbage carbon can be produced by about 150 kg per ton of wet household garbage, the calorific value is about 4000-5000 kcal/kg, the rotary kiln 11 is designed to receive the garbage carbon output by the pyrolysis furnace 6, the kiln is maintained at 1400-1600 ℃ to ensure the pyrolysis carbon to be completely combusted and inhibit dioxin from being generated, and the bypass ventilation system is designed to treat high-temperature chlorine-containing flue gas produced by the rotary kiln 11, wherein the operation temperature is controlled at 150-250 ℃ to reduce hearth coking and corrosion. Preferably, the reduction in dioxin emissions to below 0.1 nanograms per cubic meter, well below international standards, is expected to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by about 30% in lieu of about 20% of coal consumption during system operation by pyrolysis and alkaline conditions.
Embodiment two:
unlike in the embodiment 1, the front-end drying pyrolysis system can independently treat 300-350 tons of household garbage every day in the off-peak period of a cement kiln on a cement production line with a clinker yield of 6000t/d and a garbage treatment capacity of 300 t/d. The garbage carbon is stored in the carbon storage bin, and the garbage carbon in the carbon storage bin is used as auxiliary fuel, so that the dependence on traditional fuel can be reduced, and the production cost can be reduced.
Embodiment III:
in the system of the embodiment, the drying section adopts the flue gas of a part of waste heat boiler extracted from the drying furnace 4 and carries out the garbage drying treatment in a countercurrent heating mode. Specifically, low-temperature flue gas (about 280-320 ℃) enters the drying furnace 4 from the waste heat boiler, and a countercurrent heating effect is formed between the low-temperature flue gas and wet garbage. The advantage of heating in reverse flow is that in the garbage drying process, the direct contact of steam and flue gas is less, so that the emission of steam is cleaner, and the mixing of harmful components is avoided. In addition, as the temperature difference of the countercurrent heating at the wet garbage end is larger, the heat energy utilization rate can be effectively improved. The steam generated in the drying process is collected and condensed, the condensed water enters a cooling tower for treatment so as to realize further purification, and the treated flue gas directly enters a tail gas treatment system, comprising a cooling fan 19, a quenching air mixing chamber 20 and a second dust remover 22, so as to remove harmful substances such as chlorine crystals and the like, and finally, the flue gas is sent into a chimney through a draught fan to reach the emission standard.
Through the countercurrent heating process, the system can realize the efficient combination of garbage drying and flue gas purification, ensure the clean emission of moisture and flue gas, and effectively improve the drying efficiency and reduce the energy consumption.
Example 4:
In the system of the embodiment, the drying section adopts the flue gas of a part of waste heat boiler extracted from the drying furnace 4 and carries out garbage drying treatment in a downstream heating mode. The concurrent heating is characterized in that the flue gas and the garbage flow along the same direction, and has the following specific advantages:
The heat transfer efficiency is high, the temperature difference between the flue gas and the garbage is large in the initial stage of concurrent heating, and the heat transfer rate is high, so that the rapid dehydration is facilitated.
The coking of the equipment is reduced, and the contact time of the moisture in the garbage and the smoke is shorter, so that the particle deposition in the smoke is reduced, and the coking and blocking risks of the equipment are reduced.
In the drying process, steam and flue gas generated in concurrent flow enter the tail gas treatment system through a pipeline. The tail gas is first cooled by a cooling fan 19 and then enters a quench air mixing chamber 20 where the temperature is rapidly reduced to below 150 ℃ by the incorporation of cold air. The cooled tail gas passes through a second dust remover 22 to remove chlorine crystals and suspended particles, and is discharged or sent to the tail part of the rotary kiln after reaching standards, and is combined with the flue gas of other systems to be treated, so that the environmental protection and the safety of the whole system are ensured.
The downstream heating mode can avoid secondary pollution while drying garbage rapidly by optimizing the utilization path of the flue gas, and provides guarantee for continuous and efficient operation of the system.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A system for an oxygen-free pyrolysis upgrading coupled cement kiln for household garbage, comprising:
the garbage drying pyrolysis system comprises a garbage storage pool (1), a feeding machine (2), a conveying device (3), a drying furnace (4), a pyrolysis furnace (6) and a coal storage bin (8), wherein household garbage in the garbage storage pool (1) sequentially passes through the conveying device (3), the drying furnace (4) and the pyrolysis furnace (6) through the feeding machine (2) to generate garbage carbon, and an outlet of the pyrolysis furnace (6) is respectively connected with the coal storage bin (8) and a cement kiln system;
The cement kiln system comprises a conveyor (13), a suspension preheater (15), a decomposing furnace (16), a smoke chamber (17) and a rotary kiln (11) which are sequentially connected, wherein the rotary kiln (11) is respectively connected with outlets of a grate cooler (9) and a pyrolysis furnace (6), and the smoke chamber (17) is connected with a bypass ventilation system;
The bypass air discharging system comprises a cooling fan (19), a quenching air mixing chamber (20), a second dust remover (22), a second induced draft fan (24) and a chimney (25) which are sequentially connected through pipelines, wherein the cooling fan (19) is connected with the smoke chamber (17).
2. The system of the household garbage anaerobic pyrolysis quality improvement coupling cement kiln according to claim 1, wherein the garbage drying pyrolysis system further comprises a hot blast stove (7), an inlet and an outlet of the hot blast stove (7) are connected to the pyrolysis furnace (6), pyrolysis oil gas in the pyrolysis furnace (6) is combusted in the hot blast stove (7), and high-temperature flue gas is generated and introduced into the pyrolysis furnace (6).
3. The system of the household garbage anaerobic pyrolysis quality-improving coupling cement kiln, which is disclosed by claim 2, is characterized by further comprising a waste heat boiler (5), wherein the waste heat boiler (5) is respectively connected with the drying furnace (4) and the pyrolysis furnace (6).
4. The system of the household garbage anaerobic pyrolysis quality-improving coupling cement kiln according to claim 1, wherein the suspension preheater (15) is further connected with a first induced draft fan (14) and a first dust remover (12) in sequence, and the first dust remover (12) is connected to the drying furnace (4).
5. A system of an oxygen-free pyrolysis and upgrading coupled cement kiln for household waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the waste reservoir (1) is also connected directly to the rotary kiln (11) by means of a pipe, whereby the percolate in the waste reservoir (1) can take part in the combustion in the rotary kiln (11).
6. The system of the household garbage anaerobic pyrolysis quality-improving coupling cement kiln according to claim 1, wherein the cement kiln system further comprises a tertiary air pipe (10), one end of the tertiary air pipe (10) is connected with a grate cooler (9), and the other end of the tertiary air pipe is connected with a smoke chamber (17).
7. The system of the household garbage anaerobic pyrolysis quality-improving coupled cement kiln according to claim 1, wherein an air cooler (21) is further arranged between the quenching air mixing chamber (20) and the second dust remover (22).
8. The system of the household garbage anaerobic pyrolysis quality-improving coupling cement kiln according to claim 1, wherein a first safety valve (18) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the smoke chamber (17) and the cooling fan (19), and a second safety valve (23) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the second dust remover (22) and the second induced fan (24).
9. The system of the household garbage anaerobic pyrolysis quality-improving coupling cement kiln according to claim 8, wherein the second dust collector (22) is a bag type dust collector, and the feeder (2) is a plate type feeder.
10. A method of a household garbage anaerobic pyrolysis quality-improving coupled cement kiln, characterized in that a system based on the household garbage anaerobic pyrolysis quality-improving coupled cement kiln as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps:
The household garbage in the garbage storage pool (1) is conveyed to a drying furnace (4) for pre-drying treatment to remove water, and then the garbage is subjected to anaerobic pyrolysis at the temperature of 400-500 ℃ through a pyrolysis furnace (6) to generate high-chlorine garbage carbon, and the garbage carbon enters a rotary kiln (11) or is stored in a coal storage bin (8);
The cement raw material enters a rotary kiln (11) after passing through a suspension preheater (15), a decomposing furnace (16) and a smoke chamber (17), and is combusted with garbage carbon at the temperature of 1300-1500 ℃ to obtain cement clinker;
The flue gas in the flue chamber (17) flows into a bypass air discharge system, cold air is doped into the quenching air mixing chamber 20 through a cooling fan (19), harmful components in the gas generate chlorine crystals through a second dust remover (22), and finally the chlorine crystals are discharged to a chimney (25) through a second induced draft fan (24).
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| JP2004148171A (en) * | 2002-10-29 | 2004-05-27 | Takuma Co Ltd | Waste treatment system and waste treatment method |
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| CN111637464A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-08 | 湖南叶林环保科技有限公司 | A power generation system and process for the coordinated comprehensive utilization of organic hazardous waste and inorganic hazardous waste |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2004148171A (en) * | 2002-10-29 | 2004-05-27 | Takuma Co Ltd | Waste treatment system and waste treatment method |
| CN202411083U (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2012-09-05 | 南京凯盛开能环保能源有限公司 | High-temperature-air and efficient gasification collaborated waste pressing system by combining cement kiln and rotary furnace |
| CN108753330A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-11-06 | 李新方 | A kind of industry combustiblerefuse carbonization-pyrolysis oven and total system |
| CN111637464A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-08 | 湖南叶林环保科技有限公司 | A power generation system and process for the coordinated comprehensive utilization of organic hazardous waste and inorganic hazardous waste |
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