CN120519978A - Cutting-resistant melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cutting-resistant melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber and preparation method thereofInfo
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- CN120519978A CN120519978A CN202510628449.0A CN202510628449A CN120519978A CN 120519978 A CN120519978 A CN 120519978A CN 202510628449 A CN202510628449 A CN 202510628449A CN 120519978 A CN120519978 A CN 120519978A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/09—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making electroconductive or anti-static filaments
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种耐切割的熔纺多功能复合纤维及其制备方法，属于耐切割纤维技术领域，包括复合功能基材和主体纤维基材，所述复合功能基材占熔纺多功能复合纤维总含量的0.5％～10％，所述复合功能基材为多孔沸石、碳纳米管、超高分子量聚乙烯微纤，所述主体纤维基材为涤纶，所述主体纤维基材由载体粒子构成。本发明中，以常规熔纺纤维为纤维基材，通过添加的复合功能基材之间的相互协同作用，即实现了纤维的耐切割功能，拓展了现有技术中耐切割基材的选择，降低了产品的生产成本，超高分子量聚乙烯微纤在形成连续的网状结构的同时，多孔沸石和碳纳米管能够被该分子网捕获，形成稳定的耐切割体系，避免了功能基材在后续水洗过程中流失。
The present invention relates to a cut-resistant melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of cut-resistant fibers. The fiber comprises a composite functional substrate and a main fiber substrate, wherein the composite functional substrate accounts for 0.5% to 10% of the total content of the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber, the composite functional substrate comprises porous zeolite, carbon nanotubes, and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfibers, the main fiber substrate comprises polyester, and the main fiber substrate comprises carrier particles. In the present invention, conventional melt-spun fibers are used as the fiber substrate, and the cut-resistant function of the fiber is achieved through the synergistic effect between the added composite functional substrates, thereby expanding the selection of cut-resistant substrates in the prior art and reducing the production cost of the product. While the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfibers form a continuous network structure, the porous zeolite and carbon nanotubes can be captured by the molecular network to form a stable cut-resistant system, thereby avoiding the loss of the functional substrate during the subsequent washing process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cut-resistant fibers, in particular to a cut-resistant melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the fields of modern engineering and technology, the application of the cut-resistant fiber is increasingly wide, and particularly plays a vital role in the fields of safety protection, aerospace, automobile manufacturing, ship industry, sports equipment and the like, which put extremely high requirements on the strength, durability, portability and the like of materials, the cut-resistant fiber is favored by the excellent physical properties, however, the selection of the base material of the current cut-resistant fiber mainly depends on the ultra-high molecular weight fiber (UHMWF), and the dependence brings high cost and makes the production process complex and difficult to control.
The ultrahigh molecular weight fiber takes the dominant role in the cutting-resistant fiber market due to the excellent mechanical property and cutting-resistant property, however, the production cost of the fiber is high mainly due to the complex preparation process and the strict production condition, meanwhile, the production process of the ultrahigh molecular weight fiber needs high-precision equipment and technical support, and the production process of the ultrahigh molecular weight fiber is difficult to control due to the specificity of the ultrahigh molecular weight fiber and is often required to be carried out at a specific temperature and pressure, so that the production cost and the production difficulty are further increased.
In addition to the problems of cost and production difficulty, the cutting-resistant fiber products relying on the ultra-high molecular weight fiber also have the problem of singleness in function, and due to the limitation of the properties of the ultra-high molecular weight fiber, the prepared cutting-resistant fiber often only has single cutting-resistant property, but lacks other multifunctionalities such as static resistance, fire resistance, high temperature resistance and the like, and the singleness limits the application of the cutting-resistant fiber in more fields, particularly in some occasions with more severe requirements on material properties, such as industrial production and military equipment in high-temperature environments.
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the multifunctional melt-spun composite fiber and the preparation method thereof are provided, the conventional melt-spun fiber is used as a fiber base material, the cutting-resistant function of the fiber is realized through the mutual synergistic effect between the added composite functional base materials, the production cost of the product can be effectively reduced, the fiber has stronger adsorption performance, the light weight of the fiber can be realized, a stable cutting-resistant system is formed, the loss of the functional base materials in the subsequent water washing process can be avoided, the weakening of the functionality is brought, and the fiber has better durability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a cut-resistant melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problems of the prior art.
The invention solves the technical problems by adopting the scheme that the cut-resistant melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber comprises a composite functional substrate and a main fiber substrate, wherein the composite functional substrate accounts for 0.5% -10% of the total content of the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber, the composite functional substrate is porous zeolite, carbon nano tubes and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfibers, the main fiber substrate is terylene, the main fiber substrate is composed of carrier particles, the carrier particles are PET particles, the ratio of the dosage of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfibers to the total dosage of the porous zeolite and the carbon nano tubes is 2-5:1, and the dosage ratio of the porous zeolite to the carbon nano tubes is 1-3:1;
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
S1, preparing a master batch A containing porous zeolite and carbon nano tubes, mixing carrier particles, porous zeolite powder and carbon nano tube powder at 50-70 ℃, stirring and heating, putting the obtained mixture into a double-screw machine, extruding at 250-300 ℃, cooling, drying, granulating, and screening to obtain the master batch A;
S2, preparing a master batch B containing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfibers, mixing carrier particles and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber powder at 30-50 ℃, stirring and heating, putting the obtained mixture into a double-screw extruder, extruding at 80-100 ℃, cooling, drying, granulating, and screening to obtain a master batch A;
S3, preparing a melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber, wherein the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber is prepared from a master batch A containing porous zeolite and carbon nano tubes and a master batch B containing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfibers through blending melt spinning, and specifically comprises the following steps:
and (3) uniformly stirring and mixing the master batch A, the master batch B and the carrier particles at 50-70 ℃ to obtain blended particles, adding the blended particles into a polymer hopper, extruding the blended particles by a double-screw extruder at 250-300 ℃, and cooling, stretching and winding the blended particles to obtain the finished filament.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows.
Further, the diameter of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber is 2-4 um, the length is 20-40 um, the molecular polymerization degree is 150-300 ten thousand, and the melting point is 130-136 ℃.
Further, the particle size of the porous zeolite is 2000-2500 meshes.
Further, the diameter of the carbon nano tube is 2-4 nm, the length is 20-40 um, and the volume resistivity is less than or equal to 100 omega.
Further, the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber composed of the composite functional base material and the main fiber base material forms a flexible reticular structure.
Further, the main fiber base material is polyethylene, the main fiber base material is polypropylene, the polyamide and the nylon are respectively used as the carrier particles.
In the step S1, the total content of the porous zeolite and the carbon nano tube is 10-20% of that of the master batch A, and the dosage ratio of the porous zeolite to the carbon nano tube is 2:1-3.
In step S2, the total content of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfibers is 5-15% of that of the master batch B.
In step S3, the total content of the composite functional base materials contained in the master batch A and the master batch B is controlled to be 0.5% -10% compared with the total content of the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber, and the content of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfibers in the master batch B is controlled to be 50% -85% compared with the total content of the composite functional base materials.
In step S3, the cooling air blowing temperature is 17-21 ℃, the cooling air blowing speed is 0.4-0.5 m/S, the stretching multiplying power is 4-5 times, and the winding tension is 20-30 cN.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the invention provides the cut-resistant melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber and the preparation method thereof, and has the following advantages:
1. The invention takes the conventional melt spinning fiber as the fiber base material, realizes the cutting resistant function of the fiber through the mutual synergistic effect between the added composite functional base materials, expands the selection of the cutting resistant base materials in the prior art, and reduces the production cost of the product.
2. The invention takes porous zeolite, carbon nano tube and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber as composite functional base materials, the special crystal structure of the porous zeolite in the fiber enables the porous zeolite to have a larger stress field and stronger adsorption performance on water vapor molecules in the environment, the carbon nano tube has excellent conductivity, the antistatic effect of the fiber can be given, meanwhile, the tubular structure of the carbon nano tube effectively reduces the material density, the light weight of the fiber is realized, and finally, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber selected by the invention can improve the fiber strength and the performance stability, and forms a synergistic effect with the porous zeolite and the carbon nano tube, so that the obtained fiber product has various functions and can be prepared according to the requirement.
3. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber in the invention forms a continuous reticular structure, and simultaneously, the porous zeolite and the carbon nano tube can be captured by the molecular network to form a stable cut-resistant system, so that the loss of a functional substrate in the subsequent water washing process is avoided, and the functional weakening is caused;
4. The cutting-resistant melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber adopts the high polymerization degree of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber to endow the fiber with extremely high molecular chain entanglement density to form a tough reticular framework, so that the cutting resistance can be remarkably improved;
5. A three-dimensional conductive network is constructed in the fiber by adopting the carbon nano tube, the volume resistivity is less than or equal to 100 omega, so that the material has excellent conductivity, and the material is suitable for antistatic tools, electromagnetic shielding fabrics or intelligent wearing equipment;
6. The ultra-high specific surface area and the micropore structure of the porous zeolite are adopted to endow the fiber with the capability of adsorbing volatile organic compounds, moisture or peculiar smell, so that a functional filtering material or an environment-friendly textile can be developed;
7. Filling the defects in the nano scale by adopting the nano tube to form a multi-stage reinforced structure, remarkably improving the tensile strength and toughness, and simultaneously keeping the weight lighter;
8. the flexible adaptation of the whole base material can realize the characteristics of chemical resistance, hydrophobicity or elasticity and the like by adjusting the base material, so as to meet the requirements of diversified scenes such as industrial protection, outdoor equipment or medical textile;
9. the melt spinning process compatibility is achieved, the addition amount of functional components is low (0.5% -10%), compatibility with traditional melt spinning equipment is ensured, and the production cost can be reduced;
10. The PET substrate can provide good heat resistance, and the temperature-sensitive adsorption characteristic of zeolite is combined, so that the fiber keeps stable performance in a wide temperature range, and is suitable for protection application in extreme environments;
11. The melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber can be widely applied to the fields of anti-cutting gloves, intelligent sports clothes, industrial filter materials, antistatic working clothes, military protective equipment and the like, and realizes the deep fusion of safety, comfort and functions.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and is intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention, as it is embodied in the following description, with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. Specific embodiments of the present invention are given in detail by the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cut-resistant multifunctional melt-spun composite fiber and a method for preparing the same according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings, the list of components represented by the various numbers is as follows:
1. a main fiber base material, 2, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfibers, 3, porous zeolite, 4, carbon nano tubes.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to fig. 1, but the examples are provided for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The invention is more particularly described by way of example in the following paragraphs with reference to the drawings. Advantages and features of the invention will become more apparent from the following description and from the claims. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all to a non-precise scale, merely for convenience and clarity in aiding in the description of embodiments of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a cut-resistant melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber and a preparation method thereof, the cut-resistant melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber comprises a composite functional substrate and a main fiber substrate 1, wherein the composite functional substrate accounts for 0.5% -10% of the total content of the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber, the composite functional substrate is porous zeolite 3, carbon nano tubes 4 and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfibers 2, the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber formed by the composite functional substrate and the main fiber substrate 1 forms a flexible reticular structure, the diameter of the carbon nano tubes 4 is 2-4 nm, the length is 20-40 um, the volume resistivity is less than or equal to 100 omega, the diameter of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfibers 2 is 2-4 um, the length is 20-40 um, the molecular polymerization degree is 150 ten thousand-300 ten thousand, the melting point is 130-136 ℃, the main fiber substrate 1 is polyester, the main fiber substrate 1 is formed by carrier particles, the carrier particles are PET particles, the ratio of the dosage of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfibers 2 to the total dosage of the porous zeolite 3 and the carbon nano tubes 4 is 2-5:1, the ratio of the porous zeolite 3 to the carbon nano tubes 4 is 1-3, and the particle size of the porous zeolite is 2500 meshes is 1-2000.
Preferably, the main fiber substrate 1 is polyethylene, the main fiber substrate 1 is polypropylene, and the main fiber substrate 1 is polyamide.
The specific working principle and the using method of the invention are as follows:
S1, preparing a master batch A containing porous zeolite 3 and carbon nano tubes 4, mixing carrier particles, porous zeolite 3 powder and carbon nano tube 4 powder at 50-70 ℃, stirring and heating, putting the obtained mixture into a double-screw machine, extruding at 250-300 ℃, cooling, drying, granulating, screening to obtain the master batch A, wherein the total content of the porous zeolite 3 and the carbon nano tubes 4 is 10-20% of the master batch A, and the dosage ratio of the porous zeolite 3 to the carbon nano tubes 4 is 2:1-3;
S2, preparing master batch B containing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2, mixing carrier particles and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 powder at 30-50 ℃, stirring and heating, putting the obtained mixture into a double-screw extruder, extruding at 80-100 ℃, cooling, drying, granulating, and screening to obtain master batch A, wherein the total content of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 is 5-15% of that of the master batch B;
S3, preparing a melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber, wherein the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber is obtained by blending and melt-spinning a master batch A containing porous zeolite 3 and carbon nano tubes 4 and a master batch B containing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfibers 2, the total content of composite functional base materials contained in the master batch A and the master batch B is controlled to be 0.5% -10% compared with the total content of the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber, and the content of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfibers 2 in the master batch B is controlled to be 50% -85% compared with the total content of the composite functional base materials, and the specific steps are as follows:
the master batch A, the master batch B and the carrier particles are stirred and mixed uniformly at 50-70 ℃ to obtain blended particles, the blended particles are added into a polymer hopper and extruded by a double screw extruder at 250-300 ℃, the finished filament is obtained through cooling, stretching and winding, the cooling and blowing temperature is 17-21 ℃, the cooling and blowing wind speed is 0.4-0.5 m/s, the stretching ratio is 4-5 times, and the winding tension is 20-30 cN.
Example 1:
A preparation method of cut-resistant melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber,
S1, preparing master batch A containing porous zeolite 3 and carbon nano tubes 4 by taking PET particles as master batch carriers, namely adding PET particles, porous zeolite 3 powder and carbon nano tube 4 powder into a stirring container together, heating to 60 ℃, stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the stirring speed is 1000r/min, and obtaining a mixture;
Extruding the mixture in a double screw extruder at 270 ℃, cooling, drying, granulating, and sieving to obtain master batch A, wherein the total content of porous zeolite 3 and carbon nano tubes 4 in the master batch A is 15%, and the ratio of porous zeolite 3 to carbon nano tubes 4 is 1:1;
s2, preparing master batch B containing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfibers 2 by taking PET particles as master batch carriers, namely adding PET particles and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 powder into a stirring container together, heating to 40 ℃, stirring and mixing uniformly, and stirring at a speed of 1000r/min to obtain a mixture;
Extruding the mixture in a double-screw extruder at 90 ℃, cooling, drying, granulating, and sieving to obtain master batch B, wherein the total content of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 in the master batch B is 10%, and the melting point of the PET particles is 85 ℃;
s3, preparing a melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber, wherein the total content of the composite functional base material is 2% compared with the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber, the ratio of the dosage of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 to the total dosage of the porous zeolite 3 and the carbon nano tube 4 is 3:1, and the dosage ratio of the porous zeolite 3 to the carbon nano tube 4 is 1:1, and specifically:
The PET particles, the master batch A and the master batch B are stirred for 15min at the temperature of 60 ℃, the stirring speed is 500r/min, the mixture is uniform, the blending proportion is that the total content of composite functional base materials (porous zeolite 3, carbon nano tubes 4 and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfibers 2) in the final fiber is controlled to be 2%, wherein the total content of the porous zeolite 3 and the carbon nano tubes 4 is 0.5%, the ratio of the porous zeolite 3 to the carbon nano tubes 4 is 1:1, and the content of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfibers 2 is 1.5%;
Adding the uniformly mixed particles into a polymer hopper, extruding through a double screw extruder at 270 ℃, and cooling, stretching and winding to obtain the finished filament, wherein the cooling blowing temperature is 19 ℃, the cooling blowing speed is 0.4m/s, the stretching multiplying power is 4 times, the winding tension is 20cN, and the winding speed is 2000m/min, so that the fiber filament of the embodiment is obtained, and the filament specification is 400D.
Example 2:
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the content and the proportion of the composite functional substrate in the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber are adjusted, and steps S1 and S2 refer to embodiment 1, specifically:
Preparing melt-spun multifunctional composite fibers:
Compared with the total content of the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber, the composite functional base material has 1 percent, wherein the ratio of the dosage of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 to the total dosage of the porous zeolite 3 and the carbon nano tube 4 is 4:1, and the ratio of the dosage of the porous zeolite 3 and the carbon nano tube 4 is 1:1, and the composite functional base material is specifically:
Stirring PET particles, master batch A containing porous zeolite 3 and carbon nano tubes 4 and master batch B containing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 at 60 ℃ for 15min, wherein the stirring speed is 500r/min, the mixing is uniform, the mixing ratio is that the total content of composite functional base materials (porous zeolite 3, carbon nano tubes 4 and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2) in the final fiber is controlled to be 1%, wherein the total content of porous zeolite 3 and carbon nano tubes 4 is 0.2%, the ratio of the total content to the carbon nano tubes is 1:1, and the content of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 is 0.8%;
Adding the uniformly mixed particles into a polymer hopper, extruding through a double screw extruder at 270 ℃, and cooling, stretching and winding to obtain the finished filament, wherein the cooling and blowing temperature is 20 ℃, the cooling and blowing speed is 0.4m/s, the stretching multiplying power is 5 times, the winding tension is 30cN, and the winding speed is 3000m/min, so that the fiber filament of the embodiment is obtained.
Example 3:
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the content and the proportion of the composite functional substrate in the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber are adjusted, and steps S1 and S2 refer to embodiment 1, specifically:
Preparing melt-spun multifunctional composite fibers:
Compared with the total content of the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber, the composite functional base material has 0.6 percent, wherein the ratio of the dosage of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 to the total dosage of the porous zeolite 3 and the carbon nano tube 4 is 5:1, and the ratio of the dosage of the porous zeolite 3 and the carbon nano tube 4 is 1:1, and the following specific steps are that:
PET particles, master batch A containing porous zeolite 3 and carbon nano tubes 4 and master batch B containing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 are stirred for 15min at the temperature of 60 ℃, the stirring speed is 500r/min, the mixing is uniform, the blending ratio is that the total content of composite functional base materials (porous zeolite 3, carbon nano tubes 4 and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2) in the final fiber is controlled to be 0.6%, wherein the total content of porous zeolite 3 and carbon nano tubes 4 is 0.1%, the ratio of the total content to the master batch A to the master batch B is 1:1, and the content of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 is 0.5%;
Adding the uniformly mixed particles into a polymer hopper, extruding through a double screw extruder at 270 ℃, and cooling, stretching and winding to obtain the finished filament, wherein the cooling and blowing temperature is 20 ℃, the cooling and blowing speed is 0.4m/s, the stretching multiplying power is 5 times, the winding tension is 30cN, and the winding speed is 3000m/min, so that the fiber filament of the embodiment is obtained.
Example 4:
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the content and the proportion of the composite functional substrate in the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber are adjusted, and steps S1 and S2 refer to embodiment 1, specifically:
Preparing melt-spun multifunctional composite fibers:
compared with the total content of the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber, the composite functional base material has 8 percent, wherein the ratio of the dosage of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 to the total dosage of the porous zeolite 3 and the carbon nano tube 4 is 3:1, and the dosage ratio of the porous zeolite 3 and the carbon nano tube 4 is 1:1, and the following specific steps are that:
Stirring PET particles, master batch A containing porous zeolite 3 and carbon nano tubes 4 and master batch B containing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 at 60 ℃ for 15min, wherein the stirring speed is 500r/min, the mixing is uniform, the blending ratio is that the total content of composite functional base materials (porous zeolite 3, carbon nano tubes 4 and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2) in the final fiber is controlled to be 8%, wherein the total content of porous zeolite 3 and carbon nano tubes 4 is 2%, the ratio of the two is 1:1, and the content of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 is 6%;
Adding the uniformly mixed particles into a polymer hopper, extruding through a double screw extruder at 270 ℃, and cooling, stretching and winding to obtain the finished filament, wherein the cooling and blowing temperature is 20 ℃, the cooling and blowing speed is 0.4m/s, the stretching multiplying power is 5 times, the winding tension is 30cN, and the winding speed is 3000m/min, so that the fiber filament of the embodiment is obtained.
Example 5:
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the content and the proportion of the composite functional substrate in the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber are adjusted, and steps S1 and S2 refer to embodiment 1, specifically:
Preparing melt-spun multifunctional composite fibers:
Compared with the total content of the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber, the composite functional base material has 10 percent, wherein the ratio of the dosage of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 to the total dosage of the porous zeolite 3 and the carbon nano tube 4 is 4:1, and the ratio of the dosage of the porous zeolite 3 and the carbon nano tube 4 is 1:1, and the following specific steps are that:
Stirring PET particles, master batch A containing porous zeolite 3 and carbon nano tubes 4 and master batch B containing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 at 60 ℃ for 15min, wherein the stirring speed is 500r/min, the mixing is uniform, the blending ratio is that the total content of composite functional base materials (porous zeolite 3, carbon nano tubes 4 and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2) in the final fiber is controlled to be 10%, wherein the total content of porous zeolite 3 and carbon nano tubes 4 is 2%, the ratio of the two is 1:1, and the content of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 is 8%;
Adding the uniformly mixed particles into a polymer hopper, extruding through a double screw extruder at 270 ℃, and cooling, stretching and winding to obtain the finished filament, wherein the cooling and blowing temperature is 20 ℃, the cooling and blowing speed is 0.4m/s, the stretching multiplying power is 5 times, the winding tension is 30cN, and the winding speed is 3000m/min, so that the fiber filament of the embodiment is obtained.
Comparative example 1:
The comparative example is different from example 1 in that only the master batch B containing the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 is added in the step of preparing the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber, namely, the composite functional substrate is only the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2, the total content is 2%, and the rest of the steps refer to example 1, so that the fiber filament of the comparative example is obtained.
Comparative example 2:
The comparative example is different from example 1 in that only porous zeolite 3 was added in the step of preparing the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber, that is, the composite functional substrate was only porous zeolite 3, the total content was 2%, and the rest of the steps were carried out in the process according to example 1, to obtain the fiber filaments of the comparative example.
Comparative example 3:
The comparative example is different from example 1 in that only carbon nanotubes 4 are added in the step of preparing the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber, that is, the composite functional substrate is only carbon nanotubes 4, the total content is 2%, and the rest of the steps refer to example 1, so as to obtain the fiber filament of the comparative example.
Comparative example 4:
The comparative example is different from example 1 in that only porous zeolite 3 and carbon nanotubes 4 are added in the step of preparing the melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber, namely, the composite functional base material is only porous zeolite 3 and carbon nanotubes 4, the total content is 2%, the dosage ratio is 1:1, and the rest of the steps refer to example 1, so that the fiber filament of the comparative example is obtained.
The fiber filaments prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were prepared into 15-needle functional gloves, and the relevant performance test was performed with reference to the above criteria, and the results are shown in table 1;
(note: fastness to washing: resistivity retention after 10 times of washing was used as a test index).
As can be seen from Table 1, as the total amount of the composite functional base material increases, the overall performance of the fiber increases and then decreases, and an appropriate amount of functional base material can strengthen the structure of the fiber to form an effective stress transmission and dispersion mechanism, while an excessively high addition amount may cause the increase of the internal stress of the fiber, the original fiber structure is affected, and the system stability decreases, so that the fiber performance is reduced, and the fiber with better overall performance can be obtained within the addition range of the invention.
When only the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2, the porous zeolite 3 and the carbon nano tube 4 are added in the comparative example, the overall performance of the fiber is obviously reduced, because the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 provides strength and stability for the fiber by virtue of high molecular weight and excellent mechanical properties, and simultaneously forms a continuous network structure, the porous zeolite 3 and the carbon nano tube 4 can be captured by the molecular network to form a stable system, so that the loss of a functional substrate in the subsequent water washing process is avoided, and the functional attenuation is brought.
Example 6:
The present example was used to investigate the effect of the ratio of the amount of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 to the total amount of the porous zeolite 3 and the carbon nanotubes 4 in the composite substrate on the performance of the produced fiber, and was different from example 1 in that the ratio of the amount of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 to the total amount of the porous zeolite 3 and the carbon nanotubes 4 in step S3 of example 1 was adjusted to be 1:1, 5:1, 7:1, and the rest of the steps were conducted in accordance with example 1, and the produced fiber filament of this example was produced into 15-needle functional gloves, and the performance was tested in accordance with the above criteria, and compared with 3:1 of example 1, and the results are shown in table 2;
As can be seen from Table 2, the ratio of the amount of polyethylene microfibers to the total amount of the porous zeolite 3 and the carbon nanotubes 4 in the solution of the present invention has a significant effect on the fiber properties, and too high a ratio of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfibers 2 may result in too dense network structure, thereby limiting the uniform distribution of the porous zeolite 3 and the carbon nanotubes 4 in the fiber, and too low a ratio of the porous zeolite 3 and the carbon nanotubes 4 results in a significant decrease in the water content and antistatic effect, while too low a ratio of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfibers 2 cannot form a stable structure, and functional substrates are easily lost during the water washing process, resulting in reduced functionality.
Example 7:
The present example was used to investigate the effect of the ratio of the porous zeolite 3 to the carbon nanotubes 4 in the composite substrate on the properties of the produced fibers, and was different from the example in that the amount of the porous zeolite 3 to the carbon nanotubes 4 in the step S1 and the step S3 of the example 1 was adjusted to be 3:1, 4:1, and 1:2, the rest of the steps were performed according to the process of the example 1, and the produced fiber filaments were produced into 15-needle functional gloves according to the above criteria, and the performance was tested by comparing with the 1:1 of the example 1, and the results are shown in table 3;
As can be seen from Table 3, the ratio of the porous zeolite 3 to the carbon nanotubes 4 in the composite substrate has a significant effect on the properties of the prepared fiber, the porous zeolite 3 and the carbon nanotubes 4 can form a complementary effect in the fiber, the adsorption property provided by the zeolite can be combined with the electric conductivity of the carbon nanotubes 4, so that the fiber has a good antistatic effect while maintaining a certain water content, if the zeolite content is too high, the water content of the fiber can be too high, the electric conductivity and the cutting resistance of the fiber can be affected, and if the carbon nanotubes 4 content is too high, the electric conductivity of the fiber can be too high, but part of the adsorption property and the strength are sacrificed, so that optimizing the ratio of the porous zeolite 3 to the carbon nanotubes 4 is one of the keys for preparing the cutting-resistant melt-spun multifunctional composite fiber.
Comparative example 5:
the comparative example differs from example 1 in that the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 in the composite functional substrate was modified to be silicon carbide whisker, and the rest of the procedure was as described in example 1 to obtain the fiber filament of the comparative example.
Comparative example 6:
The comparative example is different from example 1 in that the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 in the composite functional substrate was adjusted to be a ceramic fiber, and the rest of the steps were performed in the process according to example 1, to obtain a fiber filament of the comparative example.
Comparative example 7
The present comparative example is different from example 1 in that the carbon nanotubes 4 in the composite functional substrate were modified to be graphene, and the rest of the steps were performed in the process described in example 1 to obtain the fiber filaments of the present comparative example.
Comparative example 8
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that the porous zeolite 3 in the composite functional substrate was adjusted to calcium alginate, and the rest of the procedure was as described in example 1 to obtain the fiber filaments of this comparative example.
The fiber filaments prepared in comparative examples 5 to 8 were prepared into 15-needle functional gloves, and the performance test was performed with reference to the above criteria, and compared with example 1, the results are shown in table 4;
As can be seen from table 4, in the combination mode of various functional substrates, the fiber performance obtained by taking the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2, the carbon nano tube 4 and the porous zeolite 3 as the composite functional substrate is optimal, when the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 is replaced by other hard fibers, although the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber has certain cutting resistance and mechanical properties, the overall performance is obviously reduced due to the difference of structures, for example, silicon carbide whiskers easily form stress concentration points in the fibers, the effect between the carbon nano tube 4 and the porous zeolite 3 is damaged, the overall performance is further reduced, and the silicon carbide whiskers may fall off or break from the fibers during the water washing process, so that the structure is damaged, and the rigid structure of the ceramic fibers may limit the free movement and adsorption performance of the zeolite in the fibers, so that the overall performance is influenced.
However, graphene has good conductivity, but the dispersibility and interfacial bonding of the lamellar structure in the substrate are inferior to those of the carbon nanotubes 4, and stacking may be formed in the fibers, which may result in an increase in the density of the fibers, a decrease in toughness, and influence on the water absorption and retention capacity of the fibers, and in addition, weak interactions between graphene and porous zeolite 3 may be broken in water washing, which may further influence the water washing resistance.
Although calcium alginate itself has higher water absorption and water retention capacity, the distribution and combination state of calcium alginate in the fiber can affect the overall water content, while calcium alginate easily forms a loose structure in the fiber, and deformation and fracture are more easily generated under the action of external force, thereby affecting the overall performance.
In summary, the porous zeolite 3, the carbon nano tube 4 and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 are used as the composite functional base materials to form a synergistic effect, the obtained fiber product has various functions, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfiber 2 forms a continuous network structure, and meanwhile, the porous zeolite 3 and the carbon nano tube 4 can be captured by the molecular network to form a stable cutting-resistant system, so that the loss of the functional base materials in the subsequent water washing process is avoided, and the functional weakening is caused.
The invention takes the conventional melt spinning fiber as the fiber base material, realizes the cutting resistant function of the fiber through the mutual synergistic effect between the added composite functional base materials, expands the selection of the cutting resistant base materials in the prior art, and reduces the production cost of the product.
The raw materials used in the invention are commonly and commercially available in the art without special descriptions, wherein:
The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene microfibers used in the specific embodiment are commercial ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, and the ultra-high molecular weight is cut off by using fiber cutting equipment, so that microfiber powder with the characteristics of 20-40um in length, 2-4 um in diameter and 150-300 tens of thousands of molecular polymerization degrees is formed;
The porous zeolite is clinoptilolite powder, purchased from Beijing national science and technology Co., ltd, with particle size of 2000 mesh;
the carbon nano tube is double-wall carbon nano tube, the diameter is 2-4nm, the length is 20-40um, and the volume resistivity is less than or equal to 100 omega);
the fiber filaments prepared by the invention are woven by a glove machine, and 15-needle functional gloves are prepared for subsequent performance detection, and the performance test method comprises the following steps:
Cut resistance test reference standard ANSI/ISEA 105;
humidity control test reference standard ASTM D2654-89a;
Antistatic test reference standard EN1149-1;
fiber strength test is referred to standard GBT 19975-2005;
the washing fastness test is referred to standard GB/T12490-2014.
It should be noted that what is not described in detail in the present specification belongs to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, and those skilled in the art may easily implement the present invention as shown in the drawings and described above, but many modifications, adaptations and variations of the present invention using the above disclosed technical matters without departing from the scope of the present invention, and meanwhile, any equivalent modifications, adaptations and variations of the above embodiments according to the essential technology of the present invention are within the scope of the technical matters of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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