CN120789560A - Fire extinguishing agent and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Fire extinguishing agent and preparation method and application thereofInfo
- Publication number
- CN120789560A CN120789560A CN202410430011.7A CN202410430011A CN120789560A CN 120789560 A CN120789560 A CN 120789560A CN 202410430011 A CN202410430011 A CN 202410430011A CN 120789560 A CN120789560 A CN 120789560A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- fire extinguishing
- agent
- water
- extinguishing agent
- stirring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0028—Liquid extinguishing substances
- A62D1/0035—Aqueous solutions
- A62D1/0042—"Wet" water, i.e. containing surfactant
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fire control, and discloses a fire extinguishing agent, a preparation method and application thereof. The fire extinguishing agent contains foaming agent, penetrating agent, flame retardant, pour point depressant, foam stabilizer, thickener, absorbent and water-soluble ferrocene derivative. The fire extinguishing agent has good fire extinguishing, cooling and smoke eliminating capabilities, and can greatly improve the fire extinguishing capability of the energy storage battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fire control, in particular to a fire extinguishing agent and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
After fire disaster occurs in large-sized battery packs such as an energy storage battery and a power exchange station, the electrolyte of the battery generates thermal runaway reaction, a large amount of gas is accumulated in the battery, and high-temperature electrolyte in the battery is sprayed out of the battery to burn after overpressure. When the battery burns, a large amount of poisonous and inflammable gas is generated, and the gas not only pollutes the environment and endangers the health of human bodies, but also easily causes the secondary explosion accident of the battery pack.
Currently, a gas extinguishing agent and a water spraying system are mainly adopted for energy storage battery fire extinguishment. When a fire disaster occurs at an initial stage, a gas extinguishing agent is sprayed to perform fire extinguishing treatment, and if the fire disaster cannot be controlled, submerged water spray cooling is performed. However, there is a problem in that the gas extinguishing agent cannot cool the electrolyte, the thermal runaway reaction cannot be terminated, even if the flame outside the battery is extinguished, the thermal runaway reaction in the battery still proceeds, which causes re-combustion or "false fire extinguishing", and after the gas extinguishing agent is stopped from being sprayed, the burning battery continues to spray flame to sustain combustion, resulting in failure of fire extinguishing. It is stated that 20% of the heat released by a thermal runaway battery is sufficient to ignite an adjacent battery pack, and it is seen that cooling and thermal protection of the battery in the event of a fire is critical.
In addition, when solid particle fire extinguishing agents such as dry powder, superfine dry powder, dry water fire extinguishing agents and the like are adopted for chemical fire extinguishing, although the particles can decompose substances for eliminating free radicals, the active substances cannot be recycled, the fire extinguishing agents are completely consumed after spraying is stopped, fire extinguishing is finished, the particles cannot cool batteries, the unburned batteries cannot be subjected to heat protection, the problems of heat insulation and temperature reduction of the batteries cannot be solved, initial fires of the batteries cannot be treated, and accident upgrading is easy to cause.
The current gas extinguishing agent for lithium batteries is usually heptafluoropropane, perfluoro hexanone and other extinguishing agents. The fire extinguishing agents can capture free radicals in combustion, block chain reaction and extinguish open fire quickly, but have very limited cooling capacity and cannot reduce the internal temperature of the battery. Although the outside does not have open fire, the reaction inside the battery still proceeds, the surface temperature of the battery is still very high, heat can be continuously transferred to the adjacent battery, the adjacent battery is induced to be in thermal runaway, the thermal runaway chain reaction of the battery pack is caused, and the fire of the battery cannot be effectively controlled. In addition, although the fire is extinguished by adopting a water mist mode, the battery can be well cooled, the small water mist particles cause that liquid drops are difficult to penetrate through smoke and plume buoyancy to reach the surface of the battery. It is therefore difficult to achieve a good result with a single use of water mist for the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of difficult fire extinguishment of an energy storage battery and a battery pack, poor cooling effect on the battery, easy re-combustion, incapability of eliminating smoke dust and the like in the prior art, and provides a fire extinguishing agent and a preparation method and application thereof. The fire extinguishing agent has good fire extinguishing, cooling and smoke eliminating capabilities, and can greatly improve the fire extinguishing capability and the anti-reburning capability of the energy storage battery.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides in one aspect a fire extinguishing agent comprising a foaming agent, a penetrating agent, a flame retardant, a pour point depressant, a foam stabilizer, a thickener, an absorbent and a water-soluble ferrocene derivative.
Preferably, the water-soluble ferrocene derivative is contained in the fire extinguishing agent in an amount of 0.1-10wt%.
Preferably, the ratio of the weight of the water-soluble ferrocene derivative to the sum of the weight of the foaming agent, the penetrating agent, the flame retardant, the pour point depressant, the foam stabilizer, the thickener and the absorbent is (10-50): 120.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the amount of the foaming agent, the penetrating agent, the flame retardant, the pour point depressant, the foam stabilizer, the thickener and the absorbent is (4-40): 0.2-8): 0.2-10): 1.6-16): 1 (0.2-2): 2-20.
Preferably, the foaming agent is an anionic foaming agent;
preferably, the anionic blowing agent is selected from one or more of carboxylate anionic blowing agents, sulfonate anionic blowing agents, sulfate salt anionic blowing agents and phosphate salt anionic blowing agents;
preferably, the sulfate salt anionic foaming agent is sodium dodecyl sulfate and/or sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate;
Preferably, the sulfonate anionic blowing agent is sodium alpha-alkenyl sulfonate.
Preferably, the absorbent is an alkaline absorbent;
Preferably, the alkaline absorbent is one or more selected from Na 2CO3, potassium carbonate and sodium hydrogen phosphate.
Preferably, the foam stabilizer is alcohol ether or C10-C14 alcohol;
preferably, the alcohol ether is selected from one or more than two of ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether and ethylene glycol ethyl ether;
preferably, the C10-C14 alcohols are selected from decanol and/or dodecanol.
Preferably, the flame retardant is a phosphorus-nitrogen composite flame retardant;
Preferably, the phosphorus-nitrogen composite flame retardant is one or more than two selected from ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium oligomeric phosphate and guanidine phosphate.
Preferably, the water-soluble ferrocene derivative is selected from one or more of amino ferrocene, 1' -ferrocenedicarboxylic acid, ferrocenecarboxylic acid and ferrocenemethanol.
Preferably, the penetrating agent is C4-C8 secondary alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, C4-C8 isoalkylalcohol polyoxyethylene ether or alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether;
Preferably, the C4-C8 secondary alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is secondary octanol polyoxyethylene ether;
preferably, the C4-C8 isoalkylalcohol polyoxyethylene ether is isooctyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether;
Preferably, the alkylphenol ethoxylates are nonylphenol ethoxylates.
Preferably, the pour point depressant is urea and/or ethylene glycol.
Preferably, the thickener is selected from one or more of ethylene glycol methyl ether, xanthan gum and guar gum.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method of preparing a fire extinguishing agent, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Mixing a foaming agent, a thickening agent and water to obtain a material A;
(2) Mixing a foam stabilizer and a penetrating agent with the material A to obtain a material B;
(3) Mixing an absorbent, a flame retardant, a pour point depressant, the material B and water to obtain a material C;
(4) The water-soluble ferrocene derivative, the material C and water were mixed.
Preferably, the mixing is stirring mixing;
Preferably, the stirring and mixing conditions comprise a stirring speed of 50-100r/min, a stirring time of 1-20min and a reaction temperature of 40-80 ℃.
The invention provides a third aspect of the fire extinguishing agent and application of the fire extinguishing agent prepared by the method in battery fire extinguishment.
In the process of extinguishing the fire of the energy storage battery, the fire extinguishing agent disclosed by the invention can be foamed in the fire extinguishing process, light foam can be covered on the surface of the battery to cover and protect the unburned battery, in addition, foam generated by the fire extinguishing agent is heated and evaporated, so that the heat of the battery can be absorbed, the air temperature in a battery pack cabin can be reduced, and the temperature in electrolyte in the battery in fire can be reduced. In addition, in the fire extinguishing process of the fire extinguishing agent, the water-soluble ferrocene derivatives contained in the fire extinguishing agent can generate gas-phase iron atoms to perform free radical fire extinguishing after being heated and decomposed, so that open fire is extinguished, and further chemical fire extinguishing is performed on the battery.
The fire extinguishing agent can also adhere smoke dust in the battery pack cabin and absorb gas generated by combustion in the floating process of the generated foam, so that the release of toxic gas is reduced. The fire extinguishing agent can extinguish fire in all aspects of the battery pack from five aspects of fire extinguishment, temperature reduction, heat insulation, dust removal and toxic gas absorption, so as to prevent the problems of re-combustion after the battery is extinguished, complete the fire extinguishment in the initial stage of the battery combustion, make up the single function of the current fire extinguishing agent, and have great application prospect.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the invention, are not intended to limit the invention.
The endpoints and any values of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and are understood to encompass values approaching those ranges or values. For numerical ranges, one or more new numerical ranges may be found between the endpoints of each range, between the endpoint of each range and the individual point value, and between the individual point value, in combination with each other, and are to be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
In the invention, ferrocene derivatives refer to chemical substances generated by various reactions by taking ferrocene as a raw material, and water-soluble ferrocene derivatives refer to ferrocene derivatives with solubility of more than 60mg/mL in aqueous solution.
In one aspect, the invention provides a fire extinguishing agent comprising a foaming agent, a penetrating agent, a flame retardant, a pour point depressant, a foam stabilizer, a thickener, an absorbent and a water-soluble ferrocene derivative.
In the invention, the foam liquid composed of the foaming agent, the absorbent, the pour point depressant, the penetrating agent, the flame retardant, the foam stabilizer and the thickening agent is used for foaming in the fire extinguishing process, the generated foam covers the outer surface of the battery and is used for blocking the burning battery from contacting with air, and the generated foam absorbs heat in the evaporation process so as to reduce the temperature of the electrolyte in the battery, prevent the reburning of the battery, and also can adhere to smoke dust in a cabin and reduce the release amount of the smoke. In addition, in the fire extinguishing agent disclosed by the invention, the water-soluble ferrocene derivative is added into the fire extinguishing agent to be matched with the foam liquid, and when the fire extinguishing agent is used, the ferrocene derivative is heated to decompose gas-phase iron atoms for extinguishing open fire, so that the fire extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing agent is further improved. The fire extinguishing agent can not only rapidly and effectively extinguish the open fire of the energy storage battery, but also further reduce the temperature of electrolyte in the combustion battery and prevent the re-combustion of the battery. In addition, foam liquid composed of foaming agent, absorbent, pour point depressant, penetrating agent, flame retardant, foam stabilizer and thickener in the fire extinguishing agent disclosed by the invention is matched with the water-soluble ferrocene derivative, so that the fire extinguishing agent is indispensible and is used for improving the performance of the fire extinguishing agent in all aspects. In addition, in the foam liquid, any one of the components has synergistic effect with the rest of the components, and can be used as a fire extinguishing agent in battery fire extinguishment.
In the present invention, the water-soluble ferrocene derivative is contained in the fire extinguishing agent in an amount of 0.1 to 1% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 0.8% by weight.
In the present invention, the ratio of the weight of the water-soluble ferrocene derivative to the sum of the weight of the foaming agent, the penetrating agent, the flame retardant, the pour point depressant, the foam stabilizer, the thickener and the absorbent is (10-50): 120, preferably (20-40): 120. The sum of the weights of the foaming agent, the penetrating agent, the flame retardant, the pour point depressant, the foam stabilizer, the thickening agent and the absorbent refers to the sum of the weights of the foaming agent, the penetrating agent, the flame retardant, the pour point depressant, the foam stabilizer, the thickening agent and the absorbent.
In particular embodiments, the ratio of the weight of the water-soluble ferrocene derivative to the sum of the weight of the foaming agent, the penetrating agent, the flame retardant, the pour point depressant, the foam stabilizer, the thickener, the absorbent may be 10:120, 20:120, 30:120, 40:120 or 50:120.
In a specific embodiment, the weight ratio of the amounts of the foaming agent, the penetrating agent, the flame retardant, the pour point depressant, the foam stabilizer, the thickening agent and the absorbent is (4-40): 0.2-8): 0.2-10): 1.6-16): 1 (0.2-2): 2-20.
In a preferred embodiment, the blowing agent, penetrant, flame retardant, pour point depressant, foam stabilizer, thickener and absorber are used in a weight ratio of (10-30): 1-5): 1-8): 2-10): 1 (0.3-1): 5-15.
In the invention, the foaming agent is used for high-efficiency foaming, and the foaming agent in the foam liquid is an anionic foaming agent.
In a preferred embodiment, the anionic blowing agent is selected from one or more of carboxylate anionic blowing agents, sulfonate anionic blowing agents, sulfate salt anionic blowing agents, and phosphate salt anionic blowing agents.
In a more preferred embodiment, the sulfate salt anionic foaming agent is sodium dodecyl sulfate and/or sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate;
In a more preferred embodiment, the sulfonate anionic blowing agent is sodium alpha-alkenyl sulfonate.
In the invention, the absorbent is used for absorbing gas generated by combustion and reducing gas pollution generated by battery fire. Preferably, the absorbent is an alkaline absorbent,
In a preferred embodiment, the alkaline absorbent is one or more selected from Na 2CO3, potassium carbonate and sodium hydrogen phosphate, more preferably Na 2CO3, potassium carbonate or sodium hydrogen phosphate.
In the invention, the foam stabilizer is used for improving the adhesiveness and stability of a liquid film, is beneficial to improving the stability of foam generated by the foaming agent, is convenient for the foam generated by the foam liquid to be better adhered to the surface of a battery, and realizes the fire extinguishing of an energy storage battery.
In a preferred embodiment, the foam stabilizer is an alcohol ether or a C10-C14 alcohol.
In a further preferred embodiment, the alcohol ether is selected from one or more of ethylene glycol methyl ether, dodecanol, ethylene glycol butyl ether and ethylene glycol ethyl ether.
In a further preferred embodiment, the C10-C14 alcohol is selected from decanol and/or dodecanol.
In the invention, the flame retardant is a phosphorus-nitrogen composite flame retardant, and preferably the phosphorus-nitrogen composite flame retardant is one or more selected from ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium oligomeric phosphate and guanidine phosphate.
In the invention, the water-soluble ferrocene derivative is used for being matched with foam liquid to extinguish the fire of the energy storage battery, so that the performances of the fire extinguishing agent in all aspects are improved, and in the using process, the water-soluble ferrocene derivative in the fire extinguishing agent generates gas-phase iron atoms after being heated, breaks flame free radicals, terminates flame combustion, further improves the performances of the fire extinguishing agent, and realizes more efficient fire extinguishing.
In a preferred embodiment, the water-soluble ferrocene derivative is selected from one or more of aminoferrocene, 1' -ferrocenedicarboxylic acid, ferrocenecarboxylic acid and ferrocenemethanol.
In the present invention, the water-soluble ferrocene derivative may be prepared according to a conventional manner or be a commercially available product.
In the invention, the penetrating agent is C4-C8 secondary alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, C4-C8 isoalkylalcohol polyoxyethylene ether or alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether.
In a preferred embodiment, the C4-C8 secondary alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is a secondary octanol polyoxyethylene ether;
In a preferred embodiment, the C4-C8 isoalkylalcohol polyoxyethylene ether is isooctyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether;
In a preferred embodiment, the alkylphenol ethoxylate is nonylphenol ethoxylate.
In a preferred embodiment, the pour point depressant is urea and/or ethylene glycol.
In the invention, the thickener is one or more selected from ethylene glycol methyl ether, xanthan gum and guar gum.
The present invention further provides a method of preparing a fire extinguishing agent, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Mixing a foaming agent, a thickening agent and water to obtain a material A;
(2) Mixing a foam stabilizer and a penetrating agent with the material A to obtain a material B;
(3) Mixing an absorbent, a flame retardant, a pour point depressant, the material B and water to obtain a material C;
(4) The water-soluble ferrocene derivative, the material C and water were mixed.
In the method of the invention, the foaming agent is used for high-efficiency foaming, and the foaming agent is an anionic foaming agent.
In specific embodiments, the anionic blowing agent is selected from one or more of carboxylate anionic blowing agents, sulfonate anionic blowing agents, sulfate salt anionic blowing agents, and phosphate salt anionic blowing agents.
In a preferred embodiment, the sulfate salt anionic foaming agent is sodium dodecyl sulfate and/or sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate;
In a preferred embodiment, the sulfonate anionic blowing agent is sodium alpha-alkenyl sulfonate.
In a specific embodiment, the absorbent is used for absorbing toxic gas generated in the combustion process of the battery, and reducing environmental pollution. Preferably, the absorbent is an alkaline absorbent,
In a preferred embodiment, the alkaline absorbent is one or more selected from Na 2CO3, potassium carbonate and sodium hydrogen phosphate, more preferably Na 2CO3, potassium carbonate or sodium hydrogen phosphate.
In the method, the foam stabilizer is used for improving the adhesiveness and stability of the liquid film, is beneficial to improving the stability of foam generated by the foaming agent, is convenient for the foam generated by the foam liquid to be better attached to the surface of the battery, and realizes the fire extinguishing of the energy storage battery.
In a preferred embodiment, the foam stabilizer is an alcohol ether or a C10-C14 alcohol.
In a further preferred embodiment, the alcohol ether is selected from one or more of ethylene glycol methyl ether, dodecanol, ethylene glycol butyl ether and ethylene glycol ethyl ether.
In a further preferred embodiment, the C10-C14 alcohol is selected from decanol and/or dodecanol.
In a specific embodiment, the flame retardant is a phosphorus-nitrogen composite flame retardant, preferably, the phosphorus-nitrogen composite flame retardant is one or more selected from ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium oligomeric phosphate and guanidine phosphate.
In the invention, the water-soluble ferrocene derivative is used for being matched with foam liquid to extinguish the fire of the energy storage battery, and in the using process, the water-soluble ferrocene derivative in the fire extinguishing agent generates gas-phase metal iron atoms after being heated, breaks flame free radicals, terminates flame combustion, further improves the performance of the fire extinguishing agent and realizes more efficient fire extinguishment.
In a preferred embodiment, the water-soluble ferrocene derivative is selected from one or more of aminoferrocene, 1' -ferrocenedicarboxylic acid, ferrocenecarboxylic acid and ferrocenemethanol.
In particular embodiments, the water-soluble ferrocene derivatives may be prepared according to conventional means or be commercially available products.
In a specific embodiment, the penetrating agent is C4-8 secondary alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, C4-8 isoalkylalcohol polyoxyethylene ether or alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether.
In a preferred embodiment, the C4-C8 secondary alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is a secondary octanol polyoxyethylene ether;
In a preferred embodiment, the C4-C8 isoalkylalcohol polyoxyethylene ether is isooctyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether;
In a preferred embodiment, the alkylphenol ethoxylate is nonylphenol ethoxylate.
In a preferred embodiment, the pour point depressant is urea and/or ethylene glycol.
In a preferred embodiment, the thickener is selected from one or more of ethylene glycol methyl ether, xanthan gum and guar gum.
In a specific embodiment, the ratio of the weight of the water-soluble ferrocene derivative to the sum of the weight of the foaming agent, the penetrating agent, the flame retardant, the pour point depressant, the foam stabilizer, the thickener, the absorbent is controlled to be (10-50): 120, preferably (20-40): 120. Specifically, the sum of the weights of the foaming agent, the penetrating agent, the flame retardant, the pour point depressant, the foam stabilizer, the thickener and the absorbent is the sum of the weights of the foaming agent, the penetrating agent, the flame retardant, the pour point depressant, the foam stabilizer, the thickener and the absorbent.
In a preferred embodiment, the water-soluble ferrocene derivative is contained in the fire extinguishing agent in an amount of 0.1-10wt%.
In a specific embodiment, the weight ratio of the amounts of the foaming agent, the penetrating agent, the flame retardant, the pour point depressant, the foam stabilizer, the thickening agent and the absorbent is (4-40): 0.2-8): 0.2-10): 1.6-16): 1 (0.2-2): 2-20.
In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of the amounts of the foaming agent, the penetrating agent, the flame retardant, the pour point depressant, the foam stabilizer, the thickener and the absorbent is (10-30): 1-5): 1-8): 2-10): 1 (0.3-1): 5-15.
In a preferred embodiment, in steps (1) to (4), the mixing is stirring mixing. The stirring and mixing conditions comprise stirring speed of 50-100r/min, preferably 60-80r/min, and stirring time of 1-20min, preferably 3-10min.
In the method of the present invention, the temperature of the agitation mixing may be 40 to 80 ℃.
In a specific embodiment, in the step (2), after the foam stabilizer, the penetrating agent and the material a are uniformly mixed to obtain the material B, the subsequent operation is required to be continued after the liquid level of the material B is defoamed to form a stable solution system.
In a specific embodiment, the specific process of the step (3) comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the absorbent, the flame retardant, the pour point depressant and the material B, and then mixing the mixture with water to obtain the material C.
In a specific embodiment, in step (3), since the heat is released during the mixing process, it is necessary to perform the subsequent operation after the temperature of the material C is reduced to room temperature after the material C is obtained during the mixing process.
In a specific embodiment, the specific process of the step (4) comprises uniformly mixing the water-soluble ferrocene derivative with the material C, and then mixing with water to obtain the fire extinguishing agent.
In a preferred embodiment, the specific process of step (4) comprises uniformly mixing a water-soluble ferrocenyl metal salt with the material C, then adding water in batches, and then uniformly mixing to obtain the fire extinguishing agent.
In a preferred embodiment, the water is added from 2 to 3 times.
The invention also provides an application of the fire extinguishing agent and the fire extinguishing agent prepared by the method in the fire extinguishing agent of an energy storage battery or a battery pack.
In a preferred embodiment, the energy storage battery may be a lithium battery, and the battery pack may be a lithium battery pack.
The present invention will be described in detail by way of examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
In the following examples and comparative examples, the foaming agent was sodium alpha-alkenyl sulfonate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate or sodium dodecyl sulfate, all purchased from Shandong Guanya chemical Co., ltd;
The absorbent is sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate or sodium hydrogen phosphate, which are all purchased from Suzhou Botan environmental protection materials company;
the flame retardant is ammonium hydrogen phosphate and monoammonium phosphate, which are purchased from Qingda Dedazhi chemical industry Co., ltd;
The ferrocene derivative is amino ferrocene, 1' -ferrocene dicarboxylic acid, ferrocenecarboxylic acid or ferrocenyl methanol, which are purchased from Tianyuan aerospace materials (Yingkou) science and technology Co., ltd;
The penetrating agent is sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, which are purchased from Jiangsu province sea-An petrochemical plants;
the pour point depressant is urea or glycol, and is purchased from Jinan Zhonghui chemical industry;
the thickener is xanthan gum or guar gum, which are purchased from Shanxi Yun Sheng Biotechnology Co., ltd;
The foam stabilizer is ethylene glycol butyl ether, which is purchased from Shanghai De metallocene chemical industry Co.
Example 1
20G of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (ferrocenecarboxylic acid), 60g of foaming agent (alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate), 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether), 10g of flame retardant (monoammonium phosphate), 10g of pour point depressant (urea), 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum) and 30g of absorbent (Na 2CO3);
the preparation process of the No. 1 fire extinguishing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly stirring and mixing 60g of foaming agent (alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum) and 400g of water at 25 ℃, wherein the stirring speed is 80r/min, and the stirring time is 3min, so as to obtain a material A;
(2) Adding 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether) and 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) into the material A, uniformly stirring and mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 60r/min, and the stirring time is 5min, so as to obtain a material B;
(3) Adding 30g of an absorbent (Na 2CO3), 10g of a flame retardant (monoammonium phosphate) and 10g of a pour point depressant (urea) into the material B, then adding 200g of water, stirring and uniformly mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 90r/min, and the stirring time is 10min, so as to obtain a material C;
(4) Adding 20g of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (ferrocenecarboxylic acid) into the material C, uniformly mixing, adding 140g of water, uniformly stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 70r/min, the stirring time is 5min, and then adding 120g of water, continuously stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the No. 1 fire extinguishing agent.
Example 2
10G of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (ferrocenecarboxylic acid), 60g of foaming agent (alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate), 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether), 10g of flame retardant (monoammonium phosphate), 10g of pour point depressant (urea), 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum) and 30g of absorbent (Na 2CO3);
the preparation process of the No. 2 extinguishing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly stirring and mixing 60g of foaming agent (alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum) and 400g of water at 25 ℃, wherein the stirring speed is 80r/min, and the stirring time is 3min, so as to obtain a material A;
(2) Adding 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether) and 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) into the material A, uniformly stirring and mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 60r/min, and the stirring time is 5min, so as to obtain a material B;
(3) Adding 30g of an absorbent (Na 2CO3), 10g of a flame retardant (monoammonium phosphate) and 10g of a pour point depressant (urea) into the material B, then adding 200g of water, stirring and uniformly mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 90r/min, and the stirring time is 10min, so as to obtain a material C;
(4) Adding 10g of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (ferrocenecarboxylic acid) into the material C, uniformly mixing, adding 140g of water, uniformly stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 70r/min, the stirring time is 5min, and then adding 130g of water, continuously stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the No. 2 fire extinguishing agent.
Example 3
Fire extinguishing agent 3, 50g of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (ferrocenecarboxylic acid), 60g of foaming agent (alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate), 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether), 10g of flame retardant (monoammonium phosphate), 10g of pour point depressant (urea), 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum) and 30g of absorbent (Na 2CO3);
the preparation process of the No. 3 extinguishing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly stirring and mixing 60g of foaming agent (alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum) and 400g of water at 25 ℃, wherein the stirring speed is 80r/min, and the stirring time is 3min, so as to obtain a material A;
(2) Adding 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether) and 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) into the material A, uniformly stirring and mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 60r/min, and the stirring time is 5min, so as to obtain a material B;
(3) Adding 30g of an absorbent (Na 2CO3), 10g of a flame retardant (monoammonium phosphate) and 10g of a pour point depressant (urea) into the material B, then adding 200g of water, stirring and uniformly mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 90r/min, and the stirring time is 10min, so as to obtain a material C;
(4) 50g of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (ferrocenecarboxylic acid) is added into the material C and uniformly mixed, 140g of water is added, the stirring speed is 70r/min, the stirring time is 5min, and then 90g of water is added, and the mixture is continuously stirred and uniformly mixed to obtain the No. 3 fire extinguishing agent.
Example 4
Fire extinguishing agent No. 4, 40g of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (ferrocenecarboxylic acid), 60g of foaming agent (alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate), 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether), 10g of flame retardant (monoammonium phosphate), 10g of pour point depressant (urea), 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum) and 30g of absorbent (Na 2CO3);
The preparation process of the No. 4 extinguishing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly stirring and mixing 60g of foaming agent (alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum) and 400g of water at 25 ℃, wherein the stirring speed is 80r/min, and the stirring time is 3min, so as to obtain a material A;
(2) Adding 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether) and 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) into the material A, uniformly stirring and mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 60r/min, and the stirring time is 5min, so as to obtain a material B;
(3) Adding 30g of an absorbent (Na 2CO3), 10g of a flame retardant (monoammonium phosphate) and 10g of a pour point depressant (urea) into the material B, then adding 200g of water, stirring and uniformly mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 90r/min, and the stirring time is 10min, so as to obtain a material C;
(4) 60g of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (ferrocenecarboxylic acid) is added into the material C and uniformly mixed, 140g of water is added, the stirring speed is 70r/min, the stirring time is 5min, and then 100g of water is added, and the mixture is continuously stirred and uniformly mixed to obtain the No. 4 fire extinguishing agent.
Example 5
Fire extinguishing agent No. 5, namely 30g of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (ferrocenecarboxylic acid), 60g of foaming agent (alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate), 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether), 10g of flame retardant (monoammonium phosphate), 10g of pour point depressant (urea), 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum) and 30g of absorbent (Na 2CO3);
the preparation process of the No. 5 fire extinguishing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly stirring and mixing 60g of foaming agent (alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum) and 400g of water at 25 ℃, wherein the stirring speed is 80r/min, and the stirring time is 3min, so as to obtain a material A;
(2) Adding 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether) and 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) into the material A, uniformly stirring and mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 60r/min, and the stirring time is 5min, so as to obtain a material B;
(3) Adding 30g of an absorbent (Na 2CO3), 10g of a flame retardant (monoammonium phosphate) and 10g of a pour point depressant (urea) into the material B, then adding 200g of water, stirring and uniformly mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 90r/min, and the stirring time is 10min, so as to obtain a material C;
(4) Adding 30g of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (ferrocenecarboxylic acid) into the material C, uniformly mixing, adding 140g of water, uniformly stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 70r/min, the stirring time is 5min, and then adding 110g of water, continuously stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the No. 5 fire extinguishing agent.
Example 6
35G of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (amino ferrocene), 60g of foaming agent (alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate), 5g of penetrating agent (nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether), 10g of flame retardant (ammonium hydrogen phosphate), 10g of pour point depressant (ethylene glycol), 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol diethyl ether), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum) and 30g of absorbent (Na 2CO3);
The preparation process of the No. 6 extinguishing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly stirring and mixing 60g of foaming agent (alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum) and 400g of water at 25 ℃, wherein the stirring speed is 80r/min, and the stirring time is 3min, so as to obtain a material A;
(2) Adding 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol diethyl ether) and 5g of penetrating agent (nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether) into the material A, uniformly stirring and mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 60r/min, and the stirring time is 5min, so as to obtain a material B;
(3) Adding 30g of an absorbent (Na 2CO3), 10g of a flame retardant (ammonium hydrogen phosphate) and 10g of a pour point depressant (ethylene glycol) into the material B, then adding 200g of water, stirring and uniformly mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 90r/min, and the stirring time is 10min, so as to obtain a material C;
(4) Adding 5g of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (amino ferrocene) into the material C, uniformly mixing, adding 140g of water, uniformly stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 70r/min, the stirring time is 5min, and then adding 105g of water, continuously stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the No. 6 fire extinguishing agent.
Example 7
Fire extinguishing agent No. 7, 30g of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (1, 1' -ferrocene dicarboxylic acid), 60g of foaming agent (sodium dodecyl sulfate), 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum), 30g of absorbent (Na 2CO3), 10g of flame retardant (ammonium hydrogen phosphate), 10g of pour point depressant (ethylene glycol) and 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octanol polyoxyethylene ether);
the preparation process of the No. 7 fire extinguishing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Stirring and mixing 60g of foaming agent (sodium dodecyl sulfate), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum) and 400g of water uniformly at 25 ℃, wherein the stirring speed is 80r/min, and the stirring time is 3min, so as to obtain a material A;
(2) Adding 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether) and 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) into the material A, stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the stirring speed is 60r/min, and the stirring time is 5min, so as to obtain a material B;
(3) Adding 30g of an absorbent (Na 2CO3), 10g of a flame retardant (ammonium hydrogen phosphate) and 10g of a pour point depressant (ethylene glycol) into the material B, then adding 200g of water, stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the stirring speed is 90r/min, and the stirring time is 10min, so as to obtain a material C;
(4) 50g of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (1, 1' -ferrocene dicarboxylic acid) is added into the material C and uniformly mixed, 140g of water is added into the material C and uniformly mixed, the stirring speed is 70r/min, the stirring time is 5min, and then 110g of water is added into the material C and continuously stirred and uniformly mixed to obtain the No. 7 fire extinguishing agent.
Example 8
35G of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (ferrocenyl methyl alcohol), 60g of foaming agent (sodium dodecyl sulfate), 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether), 2g of thickener (ethylene glycol methyl ether), 30g of absorbent (Na 2CO3), 10g of flame retardant (hexabromoparaxylene), 10g of pour point depressant (urea) and 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether);
The preparation process of the No. 8 fire extinguishing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Stirring and mixing 60g of foaming agent (sodium dodecyl sulfate), 2g of thickener (ethylene glycol methyl ether) and 400g of water uniformly at 25 ℃, wherein the stirring speed is 80r/min, and the stirring time is 3min, so as to obtain a material A;
(2) Adding 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether) and 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) into the material A, stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the stirring speed is 60r/min, and the stirring time is 5min, so as to obtain a material B;
(3) Adding 30g of an absorbent (Na 2CO3), 10g of a flame retardant (hexabromoparaxylene) and 10g of a pour point depressant (urea) into the material B, then adding 200g of water, stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the stirring speed is 90r/min, and the stirring time is 10min, so as to obtain a material C;
(4) 50g of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (ferrocene methanol) is added into the material C and uniformly mixed, then 150g of water is added, the stirring and the mixing are uniform, the stirring speed is 70r/min, the stirring time is 5min, and then 95g of water is added, and the stirring and the mixing are continued to be uniform, so that the No. 8 fire extinguishing agent is obtained.
Example 9
Fire extinguishing agent No. 9, 40g of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (ferrocenyl methanol), 60g of foaming agent (sodium dodecyl sulfate), 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether), 2g of thickener (guar gum), 30g of absorbent (Na 2CO3), 10g of flame retardant (ammonium hydrogen phosphate), 10g of pour point depressant (ethylene glycol) and 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether);
the preparation process of the No. 9 fire extinguishing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Stirring and mixing 60g of foaming agent (sodium dodecyl sulfate), 2g of thickener (guar gum) and 400g of water uniformly at 25 ℃, wherein the stirring speed is 80r/min, and the stirring time is 3min, so as to obtain a material A;
(2) Adding 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether) and 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) into the material A, stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the stirring speed is 60r/min, and the stirring time is 5min, so as to obtain a material B;
(3) Adding 30g of an absorbent (Na 2CO3), 10g of a flame retardant (ammonium hydrogen phosphate) and 10g of a pour point depressant (ethylene glycol) into the material B, then adding 200g of water, stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the stirring speed is 90r/min, and the stirring time is 10min, so as to obtain a material C;
(4) 50g of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (ferrocenyl methanol) is added into the material C and uniformly mixed, then 140g of water is added, the stirring and mixing are uniform, the stirring speed is 70r/min, the stirring time is 5min, and then 90g of water is added, and the stirring and mixing are continued to be uniform, so that the No. 9 fire extinguishing agent is obtained.
Example 10
Fire extinguishing agent No. 10, 60g of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (ferrocenecarboxylic acid), 60g of foaming agent (alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate), 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum), 30g of absorbent (Na 2CO3), 10g of flame retardant (monoammonium phosphate), 10g of pour point depressant (urea) and 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether);
the preparation process of the No. 10 fire extinguishing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Stirring and mixing 60g of foaming agent (sodium dodecyl sulfate), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum) and 400g of water uniformly at 25 ℃, wherein the stirring speed is 80r/min, and the stirring time is 3min, so as to obtain a material A;
(2) Adding 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether) and 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) into the material A, stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the stirring speed is 60r/min, and the stirring time is 5min, so as to obtain a material B;
(3) Adding 30g of an absorbent (Na 2CO3), 10g of a flame retardant (monoammonium phosphate) and 10g of a pour point depressant (urea) into the material B, then adding 200g of water, stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the stirring speed is 90r/min, and the stirring time is 10min, so as to obtain a material C;
(4) 60g of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (ferrocenecarboxylic acid) is added into the material C and uniformly mixed, 160g of water is added, the stirring and the mixing are uniform, the stirring speed is 70r/min, the stirring time is 5min, and then 70g of water is added, and the stirring and the mixing are continued to be uniform, so that the No. 10 fire extinguishing agent is obtained.
Example 11
5G of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (ferrocenecarboxylic acid), 60g of foaming agent (alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate), 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum), 30g of absorbent (Na 2CO3), 10g of flame retardant (monoammonium phosphate), 10g of pour point depressant (urea) and 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether);
the preparation process of the No. 11 fire extinguishing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly stirring and mixing 60g of foaming agent (alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum) and 400g of water at 25 ℃, wherein the stirring speed is 80r/min, and the stirring time is 3min, so as to obtain a material A;
(2) Adding 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether) and 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) into the material A, stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the stirring speed is 60r/min, and the stirring time is 5min, so as to obtain a material B;
(3) Adding 30g of an absorbent (Na 2CO3), 10g of a flame retardant (monoammonium phosphate) and 10g of a pour point depressant (urea) into the material B, then adding 200g of water, stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the stirring speed is 90r/min, and the stirring time is 10min, so as to obtain a material C;
(4) Adding 5g of water-soluble ferrocene derivative (ferrocenecarboxylic acid) into the material C, uniformly mixing, adding 140g of water, uniformly stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 70r/min, the stirring time is 5min, and then adding 135g of water, continuously stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the No. 11 fire extinguishing agent.
Comparative example 1
60G of foaming agent (alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate), 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether), 10g of flame retardant (monoammonium phosphate), 10g of pour point depressant (urea), 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum) and 30g of absorbent (Na 2CO3);
(1) Uniformly stirring and mixing 60g of foaming agent (alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum) and 400g of water at 25 ℃, wherein the stirring speed is 80r/min, and the stirring time is 3min, so as to obtain a material A;
(2) Adding 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether) and 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) into the material A, uniformly stirring and mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 60r/min, and the stirring time is 5min, so as to obtain a material B;
(3) Adding 30g of an absorbent (Na 2CO3), 10g of a flame retardant (monoammonium phosphate) and 10g of a pour point depressant (urea) into the material B, adding 200g of water, stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the stirring speed is 90r/min, the stirring time is 10min, obtaining a material C, adding a proper amount of water to 1000g, and continuing stirring and mixing uniformly, thus obtaining the No. 12 fire extinguishing agent.
Comparative example 2
30G of water-soluble inorganic ferric salt (FeCl 3), 60g of foaming agent (alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate), 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether), 10g of flame retardant (monoammonium phosphate), 10g of pour point depressant (urea), 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum) and 30g of absorbent (Na 2CO3);
the preparation process of the No. 13 fire extinguishing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly stirring and mixing 60g of foaming agent (alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate), 2g of thickener (xanthan gum) and 400g of water at 25 ℃, wherein the stirring speed is 80r/min, and the stirring time is 3min, so as to obtain a material A;
(2) Adding 3g of foam stabilizer (ethylene glycol butyl ether) and 5g of penetrating agent (sec-octyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) into the material A, uniformly stirring and mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 60r/min, and the stirring time is 5min, so as to obtain a material B;
(3) Adding 30g of an absorbent (Na 2CO3), 10g of a flame retardant (monoammonium phosphate) and 10g of a pour point depressant (urea) into the material B, then adding 200g of water, stirring and uniformly mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 90r/min, and the stirring time is 10min, so as to obtain a material C;
(4) Adding 30g of water-soluble inorganic ferric salt (FeCl 3) into the material C, uniformly mixing, adding 140g of water, uniformly stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 70r/min, the stirring time is 5min, and then adding 110g of water, continuously stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the No. 13 fire extinguishing agent.
Test case
Test example 1
The fire extinguishing agents No. 1-11 prepared in examples 1-11 and the fire extinguishing agents No. 12-13 prepared in comparative examples 1-2 were tested for expansion ratio according to the method of GB 15308-2006 foam fire extinguishing agent, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the fire extinguishing agent of the present invention has higher foaming degree and longer foam liquid separation time, which indicates that the fire extinguishing agent has higher efficient foam stability.
Test example 2
The fire extinguishing experiments are carried out by taking the electric automobile power battery pack as a fire extinguishing object, and adopting a foam spraying device to carry out fire extinguishing experiments on the fire extinguishing agents 1-11 prepared in examples 1-11 and the fire extinguishing agents 12-13 prepared in comparative examples 1-2.
The test method comprises the step of carrying out fire extinguishing test by taking an electric automobile battery pack as an object in a standard container with 20 rules. The container is a closed space, and the battery pack is arranged in the middle of the container. After the battery is out of control, the battery shell is broken and burned for 3min, and then the fire extinguishing device is started to spray to extinguish fire. Spraying fire extinguishing agent from 4 sides (up, down, left and right) of the battery cluster through 4 fixed foam spray nozzles to perform fire extinguishing test on the burnt battery pack, wherein the total spraying flow is 4L/s, and the spraying pressure is 0.7MPa;
Recording the fire extinguishing time by adopting a stopwatch, recording the temperature of the surface of a battery after fire extinguishment by adopting an infrared imager, judging the smoke elimination degree in the container by visibility, and experimental data are shown in table 2;
fire is extinguished by adopting a water mist fire extinguishing mode, a fire extinguishing test is carried out on a burning battery pack from 4 sides (up, down, left and right) of the battery pack through 4 fixed spray heads, the total spraying flow is 4L/s, the spraying pressure is 0.7MPa, the fire extinguishing time and the temperature of the battery surface after fire extinguishing are recorded, and experimental data are shown in table 2;
and (3) blank comparison, namely, the battery pack is not extinguished, the battery pack is automatically burnt, the burning time is recorded, and the surface temperature of the battery after the burning is finished.
TABLE 2
| Examples numbering | Extinguishing time/s | Surface temperature/°c of the battery after fire extinguishing | Degree of elimination of smoke in cabin |
| Example 1 | 405 | 146 | Good quality |
| Example 2 | 418 | 148 | Good quality |
| Example 3 | 382 | 145 | Good quality |
| Example 4 | 379 | 142 | Good quality |
| Example 5 | 373 | 134 | Good quality |
| Example 6 | 375 | 138 | Good quality |
| Example 7 | 374 | 137 | Good quality |
| Example 8 | 379 | 139 | Good quality |
| Example 9 | 378 | 145 | Good quality |
| Example 10 | 514 | 209 | The smoke quantity is larger |
| Example 11 | 585 | 220 | The smoke quantity is larger |
| Comparative example 1 | 785 | 290 | Large smoke quantity |
| Comparative example 2 | 742 | 284 | Large smoke quantity |
| Water mist | 615 | 320 | Large smoke quantity |
| Blank control | 1883 | 490 | Large smoke quantity |
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the fire extinguishing agent of the present invention has excellent fire extinguishing performance and good fire extinguishing, cooling and smoke eliminating capabilities. When the concentration of ferrocene derivatives in the fire extinguishing agent is too high, the actual fire extinguishing capability is reduced due to agglomeration of gas-phase iron atoms, but when the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent is too low, the fire extinguishing time is obviously prolonged. Therefore, reasonable control of the fire suppressant concentration is required. When the water-soluble ferrocene derivative is absent in the fire extinguishing agent, the chemical fire extinguishing capability of the fire extinguishing agent is lost, and the fire extinguishing agent is cooled only, so that open fire cannot be eliminated, the fire extinguishing time is prolonged, and the surface temperature of the battery is high. When the battery clusters are cooled and extinguished only by adopting a water mist mode, the fire extinguishing capability is greatly reduced, the smoke abatement effect is avoided, and open fire of the battery compartment cannot be effectively treated. The fire extinguishing agent disclosed by the invention can greatly improve the fire extinguishing capability of a battery and has a wide application prospect.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, a number of simple variants of the technical solution of the invention are possible, including combinations of the individual technical features in any other suitable way, which simple variants and combinations should likewise be regarded as being disclosed by the invention, all falling within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (15)
1. A fire extinguishing agent, characterized in that the fire extinguishing agent contains a foaming agent, a penetrating agent, a flame retardant, a pour point depressant, a foam stabilizer, a thickener, an absorbent and a water-soluble ferrocene derivative.
2. A fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble ferrocene derivative is present in the agent in an amount of 0.1-10wt%.
3. The fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the weight of the water-soluble ferrocene derivative to the sum of the weight of the foaming agent, the penetrating agent, the flame retardant, the pour point depressant, the foam stabilizer, the thickener and the absorbent is (10-50): 120.
4. A fire extinguishing agent according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the blowing agent, penetrant, flame retardant, pour point depressant, foam stabilizer, thickener and absorber are used in a weight ratio of (4-40): (0.2-8): (0.2-10): (1.6-16): (1.2-2): (2-20).
5. The fire extinguishing agent of any one of claims 1-4 wherein the foaming agent is an anionic foaming agent;
preferably, the anionic blowing agent is selected from one or more of carboxylate anionic blowing agents, sulfonate anionic blowing agents, sulfate salt anionic blowing agents and phosphate salt anionic blowing agents;
preferably, the sulfate salt anionic foaming agent is sodium dodecyl sulfate and/or sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate;
Preferably, the sulfonate anionic blowing agent is sodium alpha-alkenyl sulfonate.
6. The fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the absorbent is an alkaline absorbent;
Preferably, the alkaline absorbent is one or more selected from Na 2CO3, potassium carbonate and sodium hydrogen phosphate.
7. The fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the foam stabilizer is an alcohol ether or a C10-C14 alcohol;
preferably, the alcohol ether is selected from one or more than two of ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether and ethylene glycol ethyl ether;
preferably, the C10-C14 alcohols are selected from decanol and/or dodecanol.
8. The fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the fire retardant is a phosphorus nitrogen composite fire retardant;
Preferably, the phosphorus-nitrogen composite flame retardant is one or more than two selected from ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium oligomeric phosphate and guanidine phosphate.
9. The fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the water-soluble ferrocene derivative is selected from one or more of aminoferrocene, 1' -ferrocenedicarboxylic acid, ferrocenecarboxylic acid and ferrocenecarbonyl alcohol.
10. The fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the penetrating agent is a C4-C8 secondary alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, a C4-C8 isoalkylalcohol polyoxyethylene ether or an alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether;
Preferably, the C4-C8 secondary alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is secondary octanol polyoxyethylene ether;
preferably, the C4-C8 isoalkylalcohol polyoxyethylene ether is isooctyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether;
Preferably, the alkylphenol ethoxylates are nonylphenol ethoxylates.
11. The fire extinguishing agent according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pour point depressant is urea and/or ethylene glycol.
12. The fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the thickener is selected from one or more of ethylene glycol methyl ether, xanthan gum and guar gum.
13. A method of preparing a fire extinguishing agent, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Mixing a foaming agent, a thickening agent and water to obtain a material A;
(2) Mixing a foam stabilizer and a penetrating agent with the material A to obtain a material B;
(3) Mixing an absorbent, a flame retardant, a pour point depressant, the material B and water to obtain a material C;
(4) The water-soluble ferrocene derivative, the material C and water were mixed.
14. The method of preparing a fire suppression agent according to claim 13, wherein the mixing is stirring mixing;
Preferably, the stirring and mixing conditions comprise a stirring speed of 50-100r/min, a stirring time of 1-20min and a reaction temperature of 40-80 ℃.
15. Use of a fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 12 or a fire extinguishing agent prepared by a method according to any one of claims 13 to 14 in battery fire extinguishing.
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