Background
Polypropylene (PP) fiber is widely applied to the fields of daily life, building materials, traffic materials and the like due to the advantages of low density, low cost, good processability and the like. However, polypropylene fibers have poor dyeing properties, which limits their use in high-end textiles and color articles. At present, the most common and most productive method for coloring polypropylene fibers is the batch coloring technique, i.e., adding color master batch to the polymer prior to processing. However, this technique has a number of disadvantages including lack of high chroma colors, inability to correct by red dyeing, susceptibility to color streaks, and frequent breakage during finishing.
In order to improve the dyeing properties of polypropylene fibers, researchers have made extensive research in recent years, including chemical modification and physical modification methods. For example, by surface chemistry and functionalization, copolymerization and graft polymerization, plasma and gamma irradiation treatments, and blending polypropylene with additives such as polar polymers, metal compounds, inorganic nanoparticles (e.g., nanoclays), dendrimers, and hyperbranched polymers. However, these methods tend to be costly, complex in process, or environmentally unfriendly, and difficult to implement for industrial applications.
Among the numerous modification methods, melt blending of different kinds of polymer additives (such as polystyrene, polyamide and polyester) has proven to be an economical, viable and environmentally friendly modification process for PP fiber dyeability. Among them, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) has been attracting attention for its excellent dyeing property and mechanical property enhancing effect. In addition, recycling of waste PET has become a research hotspot with the increasing awareness of environmental protection. PET itself does not pose a direct environmental hazard, but is considered a toxic substance due to its high volume fraction in the waste stream and its high resistance to the atmosphere and biological agents. Therefore, by recycling waste PET (such as collecting, crushing and granulating) and using the waste PET for PP fiber modification, the dyeing property of the fiber can be improved, and the recycling of waste materials can be realized.
However, PET and PP are significantly different in polarity and chemical properties, and are incompatible, and direct blending can result in poor interfacial adhesion, affecting the mechanical properties and dyeing uniformity of the fibers. For this purpose, it is necessary to add a suitable compatibilizer, such as a thermoplastic maleic anhydride graft copolymer, to improve adhesion between the two phases, stabilize the blend morphology, and improve extrusion processability.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a production process of a polyester blended polypropylene dyeable high-strength fiber.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the production process of the polyester blended polypropylene dyeable high-strength fiber comprises the following process steps:
s1, carrying out melt blending on 80-86 parts of polypropylene, 10-15 parts of polyethylene terephthalate and 6-7 parts of compatibilizer modifier by using a double-screw extruder, cooling the extrudate by a water tank, and granulating to obtain blend particles;
S2, adding the blend particles into a melt spinning machine, extruding primary fibers through a spinneret plate, stretching the primary fibers on a hot stretching machine, wherein the stretching multiple is 3-5 times, the temperature is 80-100 ℃, and heat setting is carried out for 5-10min at 100-120 ℃ to obtain polyester blend polypropylene dyeable high-strength fibers;
the preparation of the compatibilizing modifier comprises the following steps:
s11, stirring 4-5 parts by mass of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, 0.4-0.8 part by mass of zinc stearate, 0.5-2 parts by mass of nano calcium carbonate and 0.5-3 parts by mass of a modification accelerator for 5-10min to obtain a premix;
S12, using a double-screw extruder, setting the temperature interval to be 180-200 ℃, adding the premix obtained in the step S11 through a main feeding port, carrying out melt blending for 2-3min, cooling through a water tank, and drying for 3-4h at 58-62 ℃ after controlling the particle size to obtain the compatibilizer modifier.
Preferably, the preparation of the modification accelerator comprises the following steps:
S111, mixing 0.5-2 parts of diethyl phthalate and 0.1-0.5 part of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane according to parts by mass, and stirring for 10-15min at 25 ℃;
S112, adding 0.1-0.3 part of antioxidant 1010 and 0.2-0.5 part of polyethylene wax into the mixed solution obtained in the step S111, and stirring at the rotating speed of 300-400r/min for 10-20min to obtain the modification accelerator.
Preferably, the particle size is controlled in step S12 to be 2-3mm in diameter and 3-5mm in length by a granulator.
Preferably, in the step S1, a double-screw extruder is utilized for melt blending, wherein the temperature range is 180-250 ℃ and the screw rotating speed is 200-300rpm.
Preferably, the spinning temperature of the melt spinning machine in the step S2 is 230-260 ℃ and the spinning speed is 500-1000m/min.
Preferably, the stirring speed in step S11 is 500-800r/min.
Preferably, the screw speed of the twin-screw extruder in step S12 is set to 200-300rpm.
Preferably, the stirring speed in step S111 is 200-300r/min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. The invention solves the problem of difficult dyeing of pure PP fiber, and ensures that the fiber has excellent dyeing property, high strength and good color fastness by optimizing the formula and the technological parameters, simultaneously realizes the recycling of waste PET, and accords with the green manufacturing concept.
2. According to the invention, through the synergistic effect of the compatibilizer modifier and the modification accelerator, the domain size of the disperse phase PET is obviously reduced, so that the disperse phase PET is more uniformly and stably distributed in the PP matrix. Successfully overcomes the problem of poor dyeability of polypropylene and obviously improves the affinity of disperse dye to the nonpolar olefin fiber.
Detailed Description
The present invention now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is shown, however, to illustrate some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a technical solution:
Example 1
The production process of the polyester blended polypropylene dyeable high-strength fiber comprises the following steps:
the preparation of the modifying accelerator and the compatibilizing modifier is carried out before the production of the polyester blended polypropylene dyeable high-strength fiber:
the preparation of the modification accelerator comprises the following steps:
S111, mixing 0.5g of diethyl phthalate and 0.1g of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, and stirring at 25 ℃ for 10min at a speed of 200 r/min;
S112, adding 0.1g of antioxidant 1010 and 0.2g of polyethylene wax into the mixed solution obtained in the step S111, and stirring at a rotating speed of 300r/min for 10min to obtain the modification accelerator.
The preparation of the compatibilizing modifier comprises the following steps:
s11, stirring 4g of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, 0.4g of zinc stearate, 0.5g of nano calcium carbonate and 0.5g of modification accelerator for 5min at a rotating speed of 500r/min to obtain a premix;
s12, adding the premix obtained in the step S11 through a main feeding port by using a double-screw extruder, setting the temperature interval to be 180 ℃, setting the screw rotating speed to be 200rpm, carrying out melt blending for 2min, cooling through a water tank, controlling the particle size (with the diameter of 2mm and the length of 3 mm) through a granulator, and drying for 3h at 58 ℃ to obtain the compatibilizer modifier.
S1, carrying out melt blending (the temperature interval is 180 ℃ and the screw rotation speed is 200 rpm) on 80g of polypropylene, 10g of polyethylene terephthalate and 6g of compatibilizer modifier by using a double-screw extruder, cooling the extrudate by a water tank, and granulating to obtain blend particles;
S2, adding the blend particles into a melt spinning machine, extruding the primary fibers through a spinneret plate (the spinning temperature is 230 ℃ and the spinning speed is 500 m/min), stretching the primary fibers on a hot stretching machine, stretching the primary fibers by 3 times, and performing heat setting at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 5min at the temperature of 100 ℃ to obtain the polyester blend polypropylene dyeable high-strength fibers.
Example 2
The production process of the polyester blended polypropylene dyeable high-strength fiber comprises the following steps:
the preparation of the modifying accelerator and the compatibilizing modifier is carried out before the production of the polyester blended polypropylene dyeable high-strength fiber:
the preparation of the modification accelerator comprises the following steps:
S111, mixing 2g of diethyl phthalate and 0.5g of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, and stirring at 25 ℃ for 15min at a rotating speed of 300 r/min;
S112, adding 0.3g of antioxidant 1010 and 0.5g of polyethylene wax into the mixed solution obtained in the step S111, and stirring at a rotation speed of 400r/min for 20min to obtain the modification accelerator.
The preparation of the compatibilizing modifier comprises the following steps:
s11, stirring 5g of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, 0.8g of zinc stearate, 2g of nano calcium carbonate and 3g of modification accelerator for 10min at a rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain a premix;
S12, adding the premix obtained in the step S11 through a main feeding port by using a double-screw extruder, setting the temperature interval to be 200 ℃, setting the screw rotating speed to be 300rpm, carrying out melt blending for 3min, cooling through a water tank, controlling the particle size (with the diameter of 3mm and the length of 5 mm) through a granulator, and drying for 4h at 62 ℃ to obtain the compatibilizer modifier.
S1, carrying out melt blending (the temperature interval is 250 ℃ and the screw rotating speed is 300 rpm) on 86g of polypropylene, 15g of polyethylene terephthalate and 7g of compatibilizer modifier by using a double-screw extruder, cooling the extrudate by a water tank, and granulating to obtain blend particles;
S2, adding the blend particles into a melt spinning machine, extruding the primary fibers through a spinneret plate (the spinning temperature is 260 ℃ and the spinning speed is 1000 m/min), stretching the primary fibers on a hot stretching machine, wherein the stretching multiple is 5 times, the temperature is 100 ℃, and carrying out heat setting for 10min at 120 ℃ to obtain the polyester blend polypropylene dyeable high-strength fibers.
Example 3
The production process of the polyester blended polypropylene dyeable high-strength fiber comprises the following steps:
the preparation of the modifying accelerator and the compatibilizing modifier is carried out before the production of the polyester blended polypropylene dyeable high-strength fiber:
the preparation of the modification accelerator comprises the following steps:
S111, mixing 0.8g of diethyl phthalate and 0.2g of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, and stirring at 25 ℃ for 11min at a rotating speed of 220 r/min;
s112, adding 0.15g of antioxidant 1010 and 0.3g of polyethylene wax into the mixed solution obtained in the step S111, and stirring at a speed of 320r/min for 12min to obtain the modification accelerator.
The preparation of the compatibilizing modifier comprises the following steps:
S11, stirring 4.2g of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, 0.5g of zinc stearate, 0.8g of nano calcium carbonate and 1g of modification accelerator for 6min at a rotating speed of 600r/min to obtain a premix;
s12, adding the premix obtained in the step S11 through a main feeding port by using a double-screw extruder with the temperature interval of 185 ℃, setting the screw rotation speed of 220rpm, carrying out melt blending for 2.5min, cooling through a water tank, controlling the particle size (with the diameter of 2.5mm and the length of 3.5 mm) through a granulator, and drying for 3.5h at the temperature of 59 ℃ to obtain the compatibilizer modifier.
S1, carrying out melt blending (the temperature interval is 190 ℃ and the screw rotating speed is 220 rpm) on 81g of polypropylene, 11g of polyethylene terephthalate and 6.2g of compatibilizer modifier by using a double-screw extruder, cooling the extrudate by a water tank, and granulating to obtain blend particles;
S2, adding the blend particles into a melt spinning machine, extruding the primary fibers through a spinneret plate (the spinning temperature is 240 ℃ and the spinning speed is 600 m/min), stretching the primary fibers on a hot stretching machine, stretching the primary fibers by 4 times, and performing heat setting at the temperature of 85 ℃ for 6min at the temperature of 105 ℃ to obtain the polyester blend polypropylene dyeable high-strength fibers.
Example 4
The production process of the polyester blended polypropylene dyeable high-strength fiber comprises the following steps:
the preparation of the modifying accelerator and the compatibilizing modifier is carried out before the production of the polyester blended polypropylene dyeable high-strength fiber:
the preparation of the modification accelerator comprises the following steps:
s111, mixing 1.5g of diethyl phthalate and 0.4g of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, and stirring at 25 ℃ for 14min at a speed of 280 r/min;
S112, adding 0.25g of antioxidant 1010 and 0.4g of polyethylene wax into the mixed solution obtained in the step S111, and stirring at a speed of 380r/min for 18min to obtain the modification accelerator.
The preparation of the compatibilizing modifier comprises the following steps:
s11, stirring 4.7g of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, 0.7g of zinc stearate, 1.5g of nano calcium carbonate and 2g of modification accelerator for 9min at a rotating speed of 700r/min to obtain a premix;
S12, adding the premix obtained in the step S11 through a main feeding port by using a double-screw extruder with the temperature interval of 190 ℃, setting the screw rotation speed of 280rpm, carrying out melt blending for 2.5min, cooling through a water tank, controlling the particle size (with the diameter of 2.6mm and the length of 4.2 mm) through a granulator, and drying for 3.5h at 61 ℃ to obtain the compatibilizer modifier.
S1, carrying out melt blending (the temperature interval is 240 ℃ and the screw rotation speed is 280 rpm) on 85g of polypropylene, 14g of polyethylene terephthalate and 6.8g of compatibilizer modifier by using a double-screw extruder, cooling the extrudate by using a water tank, and granulating to obtain blend particles;
S2, adding the blend particles into a melt spinning machine, extruding the primary fibers through a spinneret plate (the spinning temperature is 250 ℃ and the spinning speed is 800 m/min), stretching the primary fibers on a hot stretching machine, stretching the primary fibers by 4 times, and performing heat setting at the temperature of 95 ℃ for 8min at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain the polyester blend polypropylene dyeable high-strength fibers.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 is different from example 1 only in that no modification accelerator was added in this comparative example, and the remaining steps are exactly the same in comparative example 1 and example 1.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 only in that the compatibilizing modifier is not added in this comparative example, and the remaining steps are exactly the same in comparative example 2 and example 1.
Performance test:
dyeing performance test:
The polyester blended polypropylene dyeable high strength fibers obtained in examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2 were dyed at 90 ℃ and 100 ℃ for 30 minutes using disperse blue, disperse red and disperse yellow dyes. (Datacolor 600) the K/S value (ratio of dye absorption coefficient to scattering coefficient) was measured, the higher the K/S value, the better the dyeing property.
Color fastness testing:
Wash fastness the dyeable high strength fibres of the polyester blend polypropylene obtained in examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2 were treated in boiling water for 30 minutes and the colour change rating was assessed according to AATCC standards (a higher rating means better colour fastness).
Light fastness the polyester-blended polypropylene dyeable high-strength fibers obtained in examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2 were irradiated with a light fastness meter, and the gray scale was evaluated in accordance with ISO 105-B02:2014 (1-5 scale, higher scale means better light fastness).
Mechanical property test:
The polyester-blended polypropylene obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2 was measured for the breaking strength (cN/dtex) and elongation at break (%) of dyeable high-strength fiber using a universal material tester, and the CV value (coefficient of variation) was calculated. The data obtained are given in tables 1-3 below:
TABLE 1 dyeing property test results
TABLE 2 color fastness test results
TABLE 3 mechanical test results
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the average K/S values of the dyeable high-strength fibers of the polyester blend polypropylene obtained in examples 1-4 are all above 18.5, which is significantly higher than that of the comparative example, which shows that the affinity of the fibers for dispersing dye is significantly improved by adding the compatibilizer modifier and optimizing the process. The maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene and the modification accelerator in the compatibilizer modifier improve the dispersibility of PET in the PP matrix, thereby increasing dye adsorption sites. The polyester blend polypropylene obtained in examples 1-4 in Table 2 has the washing fastness and light fastness of 4.5 grade, which is higher than that of comparative example, and shows that the synergistic effect of the compatibilizer modifier and the modification accelerator ensures that the obtained polyester blend polypropylene has good stability and reduces the falling off and fading of dye. As can be seen from the data in Table 3, the polyester blended polypropylene dyeable high strength fiber obtained in the examples has high strength and uniformity, and the synergistic effect of the compatibilizer modifier and the modifier accelerator improves the interfacial adhesion between PP and PET, reduces defects, and thus improves mechanical properties.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.